Spanish Front sight for two - how it affects libido in women and men
Contents Dietary supplement based on an extract obtained from the Spanish beetle (or Spanish beetle...
If drawing up diagrams for complex sentences is still difficult for you, read this article carefully. It contains examples of complex sentences with patterns of all possible types. Read them carefully and the task of creating an outline for a complex sentence will no longer seem difficult to you.
Difficult to subordinate is a sentence whose predicative parts are in unequal relationships with each other. One of the parts is the main one, the other (others) is the subordinate part, i.e. dependent on the main one. The subordination of a subordinate clause is expressed using subordinating conjunctions and allied words.
In addition, a subordinate clause can refer to the entire main clause as a whole (that is, extend it) or to some word in its composition.
Depending on what kind of conjunctions and allied words the subordinate clause is attached to the main one and what semantic relationships develop between the parts of the dictionary, the latter are divided into several types. To make it shorter, we will call the types of complex sentences by types of subordinate clauses:
Subordinate clause explanatory. Connection with the main sentence is carried out through conjunctions what, how, to, whether.
Father said that mother would return from work late.
[ … ], (What …).
Subordinate clause definitive. Communication with the main sentence is carried out using allied words which, which, whose, what, where, where, from, how.
No one could remember whose yellow umbrella stood in the corner all evening.
[ ... ], (whose …).
Subordinate clause connecting. Communication with the main sentence is carried out using allied words why, why, why, all case forms of the word What.
Explain to me clearly why Nastya is doing all this.
[ … ], (For what …).
Subordinate clause circumstantial. This meaning expresses a large number of conjunctions and allied words. Therefore, this type of NGN is divided into several more subparagraphs, depending on what adverbial meanings are expressed by means of communication (conjunctions and allied words).
The children were looking forward to the holiday finally coming and the Christmas tree being brought into the house.
[...], (when...), and (...).
Circumstantial meanings:
places(means of connection between the subordinate and main parts - allied words where, where, where);
They walked for a long time, stumbling, and in the evening they came to the edge of the forest, from where the road to the city was visible.
[ ... ], (where …).
time when, while, only, only);
And she kept calling and crying, crying and calling, until the window finally opened.
[ … ], (Bye …).
conditions(means of connection between subordinate and main parts - conjunction If and so on.);
If you go straight now and turn right at the corner, you can go straight to the library.
(if...), [then...].
causes(means of connection between subordinate and main parts - conjunctions because, since);
Children often act against the will of their parents, because young people want to quickly try their own strength.
[ … ], (because…).
goals to);
To achieve your dream, you will have to try hard.
(to …), [ … ].
consequences(a means of connecting the subordinate and main parts - conjunction So);
The actor prepared a lot for the audition, so he was able to get the role.
[ ... ], (So…).
concessions(a means of connecting the subordinate and main parts - conjunction Although);
Although I had never been in a hot air balloon before, operating the burner and keeping the basket at the right height was not too difficult.
(Although …), [ … ].
comparisons(means of connection between subordinate and main parts - conjunctions as if, as if, than);
Everything was spinning and swimming before my eyes, as if a stupid colored carousel had spun me in a circle.
[...], (as if...).
measures and degrees(means of connection between subordinate and main parts - conjunctions what to and allied words how much, how much);
I cannot express in words how grateful all these people are for your timely help!
[...], (how much...).
course of action(means of connection between subordinate and main parts - conjunctions what, in order, as if, how, exactly, as if, as if and a union word How).
Gather your courage and dance as if there is not a single person in the entire large hall.
[...], (as if...).
As you may have noticed when looking at complex sentences with diagrams, the positions of the main and subordinate clauses are not rigidly fixed; you can come up with several different combinations.
A subordinate clause can be placed before the main clause:
No matter what difficulties await you along the way, you must persistently pursue your cherished goal!
(which …), [ … ].
The subordinate clause can be placed after the main clause:
Go to your mom and ask her to help us.
[ … ], (to …).
A subordinate clause can be included inside the main clause:
Everywhere we went, we were followed by surprised glances.
[ …, (Where …), … ].
Obviously, there does not have to be one subordinate clause in the NGN. There may be several of them. Then it is worth considering all the options for what kind of relationship develops between subordinate clauses and the main one.
It is also worth clarifying that the scheme of a complex sentence can be not only linear ( horizontal), as in the examples above. Flowcharts ( vertical).
So, for several subordinate clauses the following cases are possible:
A reasonable question may arise as to why all these NGN schemes are needed. They have at least one practical purpose - an obligatory part of the syntactic parsing of a complex sentence is the compilation of its diagram.
In addition, the diagram of a complex sentence will help to correctly analyze it for parsing.
SPP parsing diagram includes the following task items:
To make it clearer, parsing sample complex sentence:
The sentence is narrative, non-exclamatory, complex. This is a complex sentence made up of four simple clauses. Means of communication: intonation, allied word When, subordinating conjunction What.
The SPP consists of one main and three subordinate clauses: the first (2) and second (3) subordinate clauses are attributive, both extend the word day in the main sentences and answer the question which? Connected together by a coordinating conjunction And. The third subordinate clause (4) is adverbial (measures and degrees), extends the predicate of the second subordinate clause (3) and answers the questions how much? to what extent?
Thus, this is a complex sentence with the following types of subordinate clauses: homogeneous and consistent.
We examined in detail different schemes of complex sentences with examples. If you have carefully read the article, no task related to SPP will no longer seem difficult to you.
We also focused on the types of IPS schemes (horizontal and vertical). And, most importantly, how these diagrams will help you correctly parse complex sentences.
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Middle and high school students regularly face the problem of how to conduct an analysis in the Russian literary language.
Parsing is done in accordance with a certain scheme. This topic in the school course allows identify sentence structure, characterize it, which reduces punctuation illiteracy.
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There are four main types of parsing: phonetic, morphological, compositional and syntactic. The latter is understood as the analysis or parsing of syntactic units with primary highlighting the grammatical basis. The analysis is carried out according to the approved algorithm of actions: highlight the terms + characterize them + draw a diagram.
Schoolchildren, having studied eleven grades, sometimes do not know what parsing a sentence is. They talk about analysis as analysis by composition. This is incorrect, since only individual lexemes are analyzed according to their composition. As for a bunch of words expressing a complete thought, in elementary school the process is called analysis of proposals by members. However, in middle and high school it takes on a deeper meaning. Based on this, it is necessary to remember once and for all that analysis of sentences by composition is not carried out in Russian language classes.
The answer here is obvious - everyone knows the subject, indicating an object or object, and the predicate - to actions performed first. To make the speech clearer and the statement complete, the main members are supplemented by secondary ones, which have a set of features.
The secondary members of the sentence allow us to reveal a holistic picture of the events taking place. Their goal is to explain describe the actions of the main predecessors.
At the next stage, you will have to parse the sentence according to. Here we mean how its members are expressed. Each has several options, you need to choose the right one by asking the question:
Taking into account the above, a more or less clear idea emerges of what syntactic parsing of a sentence is. In short, it is a complex analysis of related lexemes that express a complete thought.
It is necessary to know the criteria that a lexeme has in order to carry out a detailed description. The characteristics of a sentence in the text presuppose a certain algorithm.
Define the type:
We find the grammatical basis.
We talk sequentially about each member of the sentence and the means of their expression.
We describe the structure of a syntactic unit. For a simple sentence:
Determine which This type includes a complex sentence:
We give the reasoning for why we put these are the punctuation marks.
If the task involves drawing up a diagram, then we do it.
It is more difficult to parse a complex sentence.
There's more here parameters for analysis.
After the complex sentence from the examples has been broken down into simple parts, we proceed to analyze each of them separately.
Following the algorithm, the student will not have problems completing the task number 4.
It is not always enough to parse a simple sentence correctly to get an excellent grade. The student must also be able to draw up diagrams of the units being described.
Important! Before you create a sentence diagram, you need to learn how to graphically designate homogeneous members. They are enclosed in a circle, and an address that is not a member of a syntactic unit is designated in the diagram by the letter “O” and separated by two vertical lines. Do the same with introductory words.
Scheme of proposal It’s easy to make up direct speech. Here it is important to separate one part from the other, i.e. the author's words from direct speech, placing appropriate punctuation marks between them.
Let's write down an example and start analyzing.
I have not seen a lake more magnificent than Baikal.
Stage I: analysis of the proposal by members:
Stage II: Let's find out which members of the sentence form the grammatical basis. Here it will be “I didn’t see”, so we are dealing with a simple sentence.
In a specific example, all minor members joined the predicate:
Stage III: at the end of the process they give general characteristics of a simple sentence In russian language:
Stage IV: syntactic analysis a simple sentence presupposes the scheme [- =].
More problems are caused by the syntactic parsing of sentences with participles. See his examples below.
Sample: Behind the swamp, blazing with birches, a grove was visible.
Characteristics: narrative, unspoken, simple, two-part, widespread, complete, complicated by a separate dep. about.
Scheme: [, I adverbial phrase I, = — ].
Syntactic units complicated by homogeneous members and phrases are parsed in a similar way.
Simple sentences with participles should receive an objective assessment. They indicate which member the entire turn is, then its parts are parsed into words.
Sample: The moon had just emerged from behind a hill and was illuminating the translucent, small, low clouds.
Characteristics: narrative, non-narrative, homogeneous tales. connected by a non-repeating conjunction “and”, therefore a comma is not placed between them, but commas must be placed between definitions, they have a non-union connection, simple, two-part, common, complicated by homogeneous tales. and def.
Scheme: [- = and = O, O, O].
Home exercises in Russian regularly contain a mandatory task under the number 4. There are various examples here: SSP, SPP, BSP.
Always, when parsing a complex sentence, you need to start it with finding the grammatical basis.
Complex sentences need to be analyzed based on the definition of the main and subordinate clauses.
The analysis of syntactic units with several subordinate clauses is carried out according to the general plan, as it would be done analysis of the proposal by composition, but indicating the type of subordination and the combination of these types. Below are examples of complex sentences with examples, with diagrams, visually demonstrating analysis.
Sample SPP with sequential obedience: The kids reported that they picked those daisies that their grandmother loved.
Characteristics: narrative, non-vocal, complex, conjunction, its parts are connected by a subordination with sequential subordination, consists of two simple ones.
Scheme: [- =], (which = (which = -).
Sample BSC: Life is given once, and you want to live it cheerfully, meaningfully, beautifully.
Characteristics: narrative, non-vocal, complex sentence, has two grammatical bases, conjunctive, complex. The conjunction “and” expresses simultaneity. The 2nd simple sentence is complicated by homogeneous objects. condition.
If you have sentences and examples with diagrams before your eyes, then visual memory automatically works. This helps well on control dictations and independent ones. This way you can learn automatically and parse accurately proposals (if the examples are chosen correctly) cover all the criteria necessary for the analysis.
Why might you need a proposal outline? There are several options. For example, you need to create an outline of a sentence when parsing it syntactically.
You can also schematically depict the parts of a sentence for yourself in order to more clearly imagine its structure and trace the logic of connecting parts of a sentence to each other (relevant for complex sentences).
If we are talking about complex sentences, it is convenient to analyze sentences with different types of connections using diagrams. And in simple ones, the diagram helps to visualize the syntactic structure.
In general, whatever one may say, sentence patterns in the Russian language are far from useless. Now we will summarize this topic. So that you can use this article as reference material. By the way, in order to draw up diagrams correctly, it doesn’t hurt to repeat some topics on syntax. Now we will analyze example circuits and repeat them at the same time. So you will benefit twice from the article - at the same time you will receive a summary of types of sentences, punctuation marks for direct speech, homogeneous members, etc. will.
Sometimes teachers may have specific requirements. For example, in the diagram, in addition to the main ones, additional members will be indicated. In addition, there are also reverse tasks when you need to compose a sentence according to the scheme. You will find an example of such a task below.
So let’s start right away with a task, no joke, at the 2nd grade level: we need a diagram of a simple sentence of the form “subject - predicate - subject”. Simple example:
At the same time, keep in mind that a simple sentence based on the presence of main members can be one- and two-part. By the presence of minor members - common and non-common (in the example above, which one?). And also based on the presence of a complete or reduced set of necessary members, sentences are divided into complete and incomplete.
When transferring the main members of the sentence to the diagram, do not let the predicates confuse you. They are:
Now let's move on to grade 5 and take on sentence patterns with inversion and other types of complications of simple sentences.
Appeal: denoted by O, the sign is separated from the rest of the sentence in the diagram by two vertical lines - │ │. The address is not a part of the sentence and only its location and the punctuation marks used during the address matter:
In the diagram with homogeneous members The latter sentences are indicated by a circle - ○, in which their syntactic role in the sentence can be noted (homogeneous objects, or adverbials, or subjects - any of the possible options). Also, the conjunctions and punctuation marks associated with them are transferred to the diagram. Generalizing words are also indicated, for example, by a circle, only with a dot in the middle. And in this article we use a square - it’s more convenient for us:
Offers with introductory words: we can designate them as BB and also enclose them in two vertical lines - the introductory words are not part of the sentence. Otherwise, the same aspects are important for the scheme with an introductory word as for the scheme with an appeal:
In the scheme with participial phrase, in addition to punctuation marks, indicate the word being defined. In the scheme with participial phrase And constructions with the meaning of addition and clarification– the most important thing is to indicate their place in the sentence:
You also probably remember that a simple sentence can be complicated dissociated members(some of them are already reflected in the examples above):
The diagram of a sentence with direct speech is not at all difficult: it only indicates the boundaries of the sentence, the words of the author and the direct speech itself, as well as the punctuation marks that accompany them. Here are some examples:
And now we have finally reached the high school program. And now we’ll look at diagrams of compound and complex sentences with examples. And we will definitely consider proposals with non-union, as well as different types of communications.
Let's start with compound sentence: its parts are equal, so in the diagram we denote them with the same square brackets.
IN complex sentence The main and subordinate parts are clearly distinguished, so we denote the main part with square brackets and the subordinate part with round brackets. A subordinate clause can occupy different positions in relation to the main one: stand in front or behind it, break the main clause.
Parts non-union complex sentence are equivalent, therefore, here, too, the same square brackets are used to indicate them in the diagram.
Making a diagram offers with different types of communication, it's easy to get confused. Carefully study the proposed example to avoid mistakes in the future:
A special case - complex sentence with several clauses. When drawing diagrams of subordinate clauses, they are arranged not horizontally, but vertically. Consistent submission:
Parallel subordination:
Homogeneous Subordination:
Now, after we have examined the whole theory in such detail, it will, of course, not be difficult for you to write proposals yourself using ready-made diagrams. This is a good workout and a good task to check how well the material has been learned. So don't neglect it.
Write us your options in the comments - at the same time you can check whether you have learned everything well and understood the diagrams. See for yourself that there is nothing extremely complicated here!
You have worked on a large and voluminous topic. It includes knowledge from different sections of syntax: types of sentences, types of predicates, punctuation marks for homogeneous members of a sentence, direct speech, etc. If you carefully studied all the material, you could not only remember how to designate the members of a sentence in the diagram, but also repeat very important and useful rules.
And if you haven’t been too lazy to write down the sentences according to the diagrams, then you can say with complete confidence: you will face tests and exams fully armed.
Do you think this article will be useful to someone else in your class? So click on the buttons below and “share” it on social networks. And write, write in the comments - let's communicate!
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The complex sentence diagram must be correctly composed. Only she will help you understand complex cases of placing commas, dashes and colons. In addition, its schematic execution also helps to correctly characterize a complex syntactic unit. Issues of syntax and punctuation are included in the tasks of the Unified State Exam and State Examination, so it is absolutely necessary to be able to visually represent the composition of a complex sentence. How to do this correctly? Let's find out in this article.
It is necessary to define a complex sentence as such. This is the most complex syntactic unit, containing several simple ones.
Thus, such a sentence has at least two grammatical stems. They can be related to each other in different ways:
Accordingly, in the Russian language they are determined by the type of connection within them. They will be called complex, compound, non-union and with different types of connection, respectively.
The layout of a complex sentence requires special attention. In fact, it is necessary to explain the placement of all punctuation marks. the algorithm for its compilation can be presented as follows:
Let's look at everything using a specific example: In the summer sky, dappled with rippling clouds, small clouds began to gather, and a cool rain began to drizzle.
First, let's prove that this sentence is really complex. It has two bases: clouds (subject 1), began to gather (predicate 2); rain (subject 2), drizzled (predicate 2). The parts are connected by a conjunction and, accordingly, a compound sentence.
We work with the first part: in the sky - a circumstance expressed by a noun with a preposition; summer - definition expressed by an adjective; small - definition expressed by an adjective. This part is complicated by the isolated definition of clouds dappled with ripples; it is expressed by a participial phrase.
The second part has only one minor member, the definition of cool. It is not complicated by anything. Thus, the complex sentence diagram will look like this:
, [and=-]
In this diagram, the sign X indicates the word being defined to which the separate definition applies.
The diagram will help to distinguish a complex sentence from a simple one with homogeneous predicates connected by the conjunction and. Let's compare: In the summer sky, dappled with rippling clouds, small clouds began to gather and cover the horizon. Here there are only homogeneous predicates: they began to gather, to cover. They are connected by and.
Complex sentences in Russian with a subordinating connection have unequal parts: main and subordinate. It is quite simple to identify them: the latter always contains a subordinating conjunction, or such complex sentence schemes are quite interesting. We will look at examples below. The fact is that a subordinate clause can appear at the beginning or end of a sentence and even break the main one.
When the Cossack raised his hand and shouted, a shot rang out. The sentence is complex: Cossack - subject 1; raised, shouted - predicates 1; shot - subject 2; rang out - predicate 2. The parts are connected by the conjunction when, it is subordinating, therefore the sentence is complex. In this case, the subordinate clause begins the sentence. Let's prove it. Firstly, it contains a union, and secondly, one can easily ask a question about it: the shot rang out (when?) when the Cossack raised his hand. In the diagram, the subordinate clause is enclosed in parentheses. In addition, the subordinate clause is complicated by homogeneous predicates (we also indicate them graphically). The scheme of a complex sentence will look like this: (when - = and =), [=-].
Another option is when a complex sentence begins with the main part: A shot rang out as the Cossack raised his hand and shouted.[=-], (when - = and =).
The greatest difficulty is presented by complex sentences broken by subordinate clauses. Let's look at examples with unions now. The smoke from the fires, into which they threw everything, corroded my eyes to the point of tears. The grammatical basis of the main part: smoke is the subject, corroded is the predicate. The subordinate clause contains only the predicate thrown. The grammatical basis of the main part is broken by a subordinate clause with the conjunctive word which. Accordingly, the scheme will be like this: [-, (in which =), =].
Another example: The hut where we decided to stay, empty for several years, was located on the very edge of the village. Main part: subject - hut, predicate - was; it is complicated by the participial phrase, which is not isolated. Subordinate clause: subject - we, predicate - decided to stop. The scheme is as follows: [|p.o.|-, (where -=), =].
We looked at coordinating and subordinating complex sentences. Examples with unions are not the only ones. There is also a connection of parts solely by meaning, non-union. Here the correct scheme is especially important, because in such sentences, along with commas, a semicolon, dash or colon can be used. Their choice depends on semantic and grammatical relations.
It should be remembered that the parts of a non-union sentence are equivalent and are indicated by square brackets. Let's look at examples.
When studying complex sentences at school (8th grade), various types of connections are also taught within one sentence. Let's look at drawing up a diagram of such a design.
The souvenirs purchased during the trip were associated with some kind of history, and each trinket had a long pedigree, but among all these rare things there would not be one that would be worth attention in itself.(B. Garth)
This sentence has 4 parts connected by coordinating and subordinating connections. The first - souvenirs (subject) were connected (predicate), the second - a trinket (subject) possessed (predicate), the third - was not found (only the predicate), the fourth which (conjunctive word, subject) would be worth attention (predicate). There is a creative connection between the first and second parts; in addition, the first contains a separate definition; between the second and third there is also a coordinating one, between the third and fourth there is a subordinating one. The scheme will be like this: [-,|p.o.|,=], [a-=], [but =], (which =).
The characteristics of the proposal should be inseparable from the diagram. It must indicate what it is in terms of the purpose of the statement and intonation, and then it is necessary to describe each of the parts: composition (one or two parts), prevalence, complete or not, and how it is complicated.
Let us take as an example a sentence, the diagram of which was drawn up in the previous section. It is narrative, non-exclamatory. 1st part: two-part, widespread, complete, complicated by a separate definition, expressed by a participial phrase; 2nd part: two-part, widespread, complete, uncomplicated; 3rd part: one-part (impersonal), widespread, complete, uncomplicated; 4th part: two-part, widespread, complete, uncomplicated.
When working with various texts, many people need to parse a sentence according to its composition. Carrying out such analysis usually presupposes that a person has appropriate philological knowledge that can help in the correct analysis of the text he needs. At the same time, there are also services on the network that perform online sentence parsing operations. After thoroughly studying the rules for analyzing different composition proposals, I decided to present all my findings in this article.
At the beginning, I note that the expression “parsing a sentence by composition” is somewhat incorrect, since words are usually parsed by composition, and what interests us in this case is called “syntactic parsing of a sentence.”
In this case, the specified syntactic parsing (at school it is also called “parsing by members”) is usually performed as follows:
Example of a simple sentence:
“It was an extraordinary autumn day!”
Having carried out a syntactic analysis, we can see that this sentence is declarative, exclamatory, simple, two-part, complete, and not complicated.
Example of a complex sentence:
“The bouquet included roses and lilies, but she liked tulips better.”
Having carried out a syntactic analysis of this sentence, we can see that this sentence is of a narrative nature, not exclamatory, complex, has a conjunction, and is complex. The first sentence here is two-part, the grammatical basis is the words “there were roses and lilies”, it is common, and is complicated by homogeneous subjects.
The second sentence in this complex sentence is two-part, its grammatical basis is the words “liked tulips”, the sentence is common and not complicated.
Due to the richness of grammatical structures and the complexity of creating a powerful network tool for syntactic text analysis, the services presented on the network (of which there are few) have rather weak capabilities for conducting a full syntactic parsing of sentences. However, I would highlight the following resources:
Among the Russian-language resources for conducting semantic analysis online (de facto they are practically not represented), I would highlight the seosin.ru service. It allows you to identify syntactic and morphological errors, demonstrates the general associativity of the text, and performs other types of analysis. Unfortunately, the service does not always work stably; dysfunctions are often observed in its operation.
For lovers of the English language, the powerful linguistic resource lexisrex.com can help with parsing. Its capabilities make it possible to analyze a proposal by its members. However, this site also has other auxiliary tools for carrying out various types of linguistic analysis online.
When parsing sentences online, you can turn to the help of the “human factor” and go to various linguist forums (level gramota.turbotext.ru, rusforus.ru and analogues). Register there, ask your question, and they will definitely help you.
Network resources that allow you to analyze proposals by composition are rather scarce, which is associated with the difficulties of creating such resources. However, there are several such tools online (most of them are in English) that make it easy to carry out the text analysis we need. Use the functionality of these services to parse the necessary sentences and conduct parsing online.