Oral hygiene in dentistry, which is included in this procedure. What should oral hygiene be like Oral hygiene message

Proper oral hygiene will avoid the development of caries, unpleasant odor and help maintain healthy teeth for a long time. In case of insufficiently effective or irregular care, plaque forms, food crumbs remain in the interdental spaces, which eventually decompose. This leads to the development of inflammation and deterioration in the appearance of the teeth.

What is included in the rules of oral hygiene

There is a stereotype that choice is expensive and is the main condition for compliance. This is not entirely true.

There is no doubt that selection is very important, however, the desired result can only be achieved by taking a comprehensive approach.

Oral hygiene is usually divided into two components - individual and.

Each of them is important for preventing the threat of dental diseases.

Individual events include:

• Cleaning your mouth after every meal.
• Care of the interdental space.

Experts recommend that the most suitable time for carrying out this process is morning and evening. After the teeth, it is also necessary to carry out cleaning, using a brush-scraper or mouth rinse and deodorant.

You can also carry out hygiene after lunch, but not everyone has time for this due to being busy, so it will be enough to rinse your mouth with water or a special one.

Instructions for good care of teeth and gums at home

The classic method of caring for the oral cavity is carried out using toothpaste and a brush, but high-quality cleaning of the interdental space is impossible, so it should be added to the set.

The choice of dental equipment is undoubtedly important, however, without a good brushing technique, the results will be insignificant. Not everyone knows how to carry out this procedure correctly. There are various methods of brushing teeth and many argue about the correct position of the brush and other details. Among the basic rules, dentists recommend adhering to the following:

• Hold the brush at an angle of 45 degrees relative to the gums and teeth.
• The first row of teeth to clean should be the lower one, after which you should start cleaning the upper one.
• To prevent injury to the gums or enamel, it is recommended not to apply strong pressure to the brush.
• Proper brushing begins with the front teeth, gradually moving to the back.
• The chewing surface should be cleaned in a circular motion.
• The duration of cleaning should be at least 3 minutes.
• After the procedure, lightly massage the gums with soft circular movements with a brush.

Professional hygiene procedures in dentistry

Professional hygiene procedures include an assessment of existing problems and further stones. If necessary, local anesthesia can be used.

First of all, the specialist uses it to remove soft and hard deposits from the surfaces of teeth and in the space between them. There will be no damage during the procedure. The next step is to treat the subgingival spaces using hand instruments.

In the case of pigmented plaque, which was obtained as a result of drinking coffee, certain medications, tea, or is caused by smoking, an additional ultrasound procedure is used using a device.

The next step is to polish the enamel. This procedure is necessary to protect teeth from bacteria and plaque. To perform this, polishing pastes are used, which are applied using attachments in the form of brushes and rubber bands. Strips will be used where the teeth touch.

The next step is to apply it to the enamel. This product is necessary for removal due to the saturation of the enamel with fluoride ions.

After completing all procedures, the specialist will give recommendations on how to keep your teeth clean.

30-40% of plaque remains on the surface of the teeth even after careful self-care. Experts recommend undergoing the full procedure 2 times a year.

Teaching children proper oral hygiene

Typically, children are not favorable to brushing their teeth, as they perceive the mouth as an intimate area and do not allow adults to interfere with it using a brush.

Parents need to monitor and clean after every meal. It is important to ensure that the baby develops a habit in the future.

Recommended from the age of two, but care must be taken to ensure that the child does not swallow the paste. You should use a paste with a pleasant smell and taste. It should contain calcium, and after 3 years - fluoride. Ideally, it should contain sorbitol and xylitol, these components protect against caries and add taste.

In the process of moving the brush, all movements should be sweeping, starting from the gums to the edges of the teeth, and then outward. Attention should be paid to the entire oral cavity, for this it is necessary to brush the rows from the upper right edge and ending with the lower one.

Even at the age of 10, it will be difficult for a child to take care of oral hygiene on his own; for this reason, parents will have to bear responsibility for dental health.

Dentists' advice on choosing individual oral care products

Dentists advise choosing individual hygiene products according to the following rules:

• . It is selected individually; when choosing, you need to pay attention to the ease of gripping the handle and size. Thus, for bleeding gums, it is recommended to use. The size of the handle should not be small so that you can operate the device freely and not cause harm to your gums and teeth. The brush should have rubber elements to prevent slipping. It needs to be changed every 3 months. The best solution would be to give preference to an electronic device, but if your teeth are too mobile or have some other pathologies, you cannot use it.
• . Can be used in medicinal and. In the first case, it is selected individually by the doctor, and in the second, it can be purchased independently for effective oral hygiene. Toothpaste should have a pleasant aroma, appearance and taste, a cooling, cleansing and disinfecting effect, have a preventive effect and be harmless.
• . It is necessary for cleaning the interdental spaces; it has several varieties: round, flat, covered with wax and without it. The thread is selected depending on the distance between the teeth. When choosing, you should pay attention to the absence of fiber delamination, the presence of a pleasant aroma, and the softness of the thread.
• . caries prevention, preference should be given to products based on sodium fluoride or amino fluoride; the fluoride concentration in them should be about 250 ppm. If you have or have other problems, you should consult your dentist about the best option.

Proper oral care allows you to maintain not only the health of your teeth, but also their appearance. No one will be pleased with the plaque and unpleasant aroma. Also, following the rules of hygiene will help preserve funds, because in this case, trips to the dentist will be significantly reduced. It will be enough to visit a doctor twice a year for preventive purposes and to select individual care products.

Daily brushing does not allow you to completely get rid of soft plaque on your teeth, which over time leads to the formation of stone and disease. For proper oral care, it is recommended to regularly visit a hygienist. Let's try to figure out how oral hygiene is carried out in dentistry: what is included in the complex of procedures and how painless this process is.

What is professional hygiene in dentistry?

Oral hygiene is an important part of individual care. The concept includes a long list of measures that are aimed at removing various types of deposits both on the visible part of the dentition and in hard-to-reach places where it is impossible to reach with a brush during regular brushing. Professional care ensures the prevention of caries, bleeding gums, pulpitis, periodontal disease, etc. All procedures performed by a specialist are therapeutic.

Professional hygiene is performed exclusively in the dentist’s office using tools, devices and materials that cannot be used at home. Cleaning is carried out before the installation of orthodontic structures, dentures, and is also considered a mandatory method in the treatment of gums.

Indications for professional oral hygiene

The use of professional hygiene methods in dentistry can eliminate tartar, yellow plaque on teeth and other problems. Basic procedures:

1. Inspection to determine the number of measures required.
2. Cleaning with an ultrasonic device (we recommend reading: Is it possible to do ultrasonic teeth cleaning for pregnant women?). The method allows you to get rid of supragingival and subgingival stone.
3. Primary bleaching. A preparation is applied to the teeth that gently cleanses the enamel and gives it a natural color. The procedure can be part of comprehensive hygiene or performed at the request of the patient.
4. Polishing. Using rubber rotating cups, the paste is applied to the teeth, after which the surface of the dentition acquires an attractive shine. On smooth enamel, stone growth is less intense.
5. Detection of diseases of the oral mucosa. The specialist checks for inflammation and bleeding and prescribes therapy if necessary.
6. Remineralization. Medications containing fluoride, calcium and phosphorus are applied to the surface of the teeth. The procedure allows you to reduce tooth sensitivity and increase the resistance of enamel to caries.

At the patient’s initiative, the doctor may perform additional procedures:

1. Bleaching. A special composition is applied to the surface of the teeth, which makes them white. The technique requires the use of aggressive substances, but the effect lasts about 5 years. The disadvantage of the procedure is a possible increase in sensitivity to irritants (cold, sour, sweet foods).
2. Implant installation. Used for tooth loss. A complex operation involves inserting a pin into the jaw bone and installing a crown.

Professional hygiene has a number of advantages:

• safety and hypoallergenicity of the products used;
• absence of pain during the doctor’s work;
• restoration of the natural color of enamel;
• elimination of all types of deposits that cause dental diseases.

Contraindications to the procedure

Professional oral hygiene, like any health procedure, has a number of contraindications. Cleaning cannot be carried out if the patient has diseases and conditions:

Visiting the dentist for sanitation is prohibited for young children and pregnant women. In other cases, the procedures will be beneficial to health.

Methods of professional hygiene in dentistry

Mechanical

Mechanical cleaning involves the use of special equipment and tools to remove soft deposits and stone. Sometimes plaque is removed manually, but more often machines with rotating brushes are used. Hand-held hook instruments are used only for areas that cannot be reached with the device. The procedure is usually cheap, but there is a risk of soft tissue injury.

Sandblasting

Sandblasting teeth cleaning is carried out using special devices that eliminate pigmented and mineralized plaque. This procedure eliminates the possibility of injury to enamel and soft tissues and does not affect tooth sensitivity.

Using the device, a stream of water with soda dissolved in it is directed under pressure onto the tooth surface. The device nozzle does not come into contact with the area being treated. This is a method that is recognized as one of the most effective and safe for removing plaque. After the procedure, the enamel must be polished.

Ultrasonic

The ultrasonic hygiene method ensures the removal of tartar by vibration of a special device (see also: oral hygiene: tips for caring for dental units and methods for cleaning them). Mineralized deposits are difficult to remove mechanically, and the use of chemicals can lead to damage to the enamel (we recommend reading: chemical filling: what it is and its features). A device that emits vibrations of a certain frequency acts on the boundary separating the stone and tooth tissue.

The ultrasonic tip allows you to remove hard deposits above and below the gum. As a rule, such cleaning is not a separate procedure, but complements preventive sanitation of the oral cavity.

Laser

Recently, lasers are often used in professional oral hygiene. It allows you not only to remove stone from your teeth, but also to eliminate their yellowness. Modern technology does not allow the beam to injure the tissue surrounding the bone unit.

The essence of cleaning is based on the ability of the laser to affect water. Plaque absorbs liquid like a sponge - there is much more of it in stone than in enamel. The beam destroys deposits without affecting the hard tissues of the tooth. The advantage of manipulation is its noiselessness and the ability to destroy pathogens.

Special hygiene products

Before the procedure, each patient must clarify what materials will be used in the work. Dentists can use the following:

• acids for enamel whitening;
• special dental floss and pastes;
• abrasive materials and attachments (brushes, soda, sand);
• preparations with fluoride and calcium (for restoration of hard tooth tissues - Omega Dent, Belak F, etc.).

The use of these means ensures a high speed of achieving the desired effect and a long-lasting preservation of the results obtained. After brushing, you need to wait until the teeth are covered with the thinnest natural protective film. For two hours it is forbidden to eat “colored” foods, drink tea, coffee or smoke.

Algorithm for professional hygiene

Professional cleaning is performed according to the following algorithm:

Some cleaning steps may be omitted or added - it all depends on the condition of the patient's oral cavity. The procedure usually takes about an hour. For several days after the manipulation, your gums may ache, and you may experience discomfort when eating sour, sweet, hot or cold foods. The doctor sets an approximate next visit date to keep the teeth and mucous membranes healthy.

Cost of the procedure

Professional hygiene is not considered an expensive procedure compared to other dental services. The cost depends on many factors: the region of the country, the medical institution, the professionalism of the doctor, the condition of the client’s teeth and the quality of the equipment. Approximate cost of services:

• Ultrasonic cleaning of one row of teeth – 1,700 rubles;
• removing plaque from 1 row of teeth with a sandblasting machine – 2600 rubles;
• fluoridation of two rows of teeth – 3000-3200 rubles.

A professional oral cleaning complex will cost 5-6 thousand; Moscow residents will have to pay up to 9,000 rubles for the services provided. Since many dental clinics often give discounts to clients, it is necessary to monitor prices - this will allow you to save money.

Many people know the importance of proper oral hygiene. It includes daily procedures performed at home and professional hygiene provided in the dentist's office.

Why is oral hygiene so important?

Proper oral hygiene helps maintain healthy teeth and fresh breath. This means that a person always has clean teeth and pink gums, there are no food particles stuck between the teeth, unpleasant odor, pain, bleeding gums and other problems.

Oral hygiene allows you to solve the problem of dental plaque and the development of caries. Tooth enamel varies from person to person in its susceptibility to destructive factors and its ability to resist them. For many people, this resistance decreases with age, which suggests that more attention should be paid to brushing your teeth.

Bacterial plaque is a common problem in dentistry. It is a colorless adhesive film on the surface of teeth and gums that promotes the growth of microbes. Its accumulation causes darkening of the enamel and the development of gum disease. Competently combating this plaque allows you to maintain health; this is the task of daily hygiene.

Proper oral hygiene prevents the problem of tartar, which is a hard substance that forms on the surface of the enamel. Each person's susceptibility to the development of this problem is different, most often it manifests itself as they grow older. Daily care prevents the development of tartar, and the dentist can remove it with special cleaning.

Professional oral hygiene

Professional oral hygiene is carried out by an experienced dentist and is used in two directions:

• As a means of preventing oral diseases;
• As one of the stages of treatment.

What is included in oral hygiene in dentistry?

The procedure for professional dental hygiene is carried out in stages:

1. . This technique successfully solves the following problems: removing plaque from the surface of the enamel and tartar. To carry it out, special equipment is used - an ultrasonic scaler; ultrasonic vibration is applied to the tooth surface. This procedure is absolutely safe and harmless to teeth. When using it, no unpleasant sensations arise.
2. Using the . It involves the use of a mixture of sodium bicarbonate, air and water. Cleaning is carried out with a special device that, under pressure, cleans the enamel surface from brown and yellow deposits. This method allows you to change the color by two tones. Baking soda helps polish the enamel, which gives it a natural shine.
3. At this stage, the teeth are polished. For this purpose, toothbrushes and professional products are used. If indicated, pastes containing zircon granules are used. The products used contain essential oils that provide a pleasant taste and smell, making the procedure more comfortable.
4. Fluoridation of teeth is a procedure that allows you to saturate your teeth with fluoride ions; they are very important for the health of the enamel. The dentist dries the surface of the teeth and applies trays with a special gel to them. The procedure takes only 1 minute, but its benefits are maximum.
5. The specialist gives the patient recommendations on maintaining oral health. He helps you choose the best products for personal hygiene, indicates the correct cleansing techniques, and answers any questions that may arise so that the result of the operation is preserved for as long as possible.

• Before caries treatment;
• Before deletion;
• Before implantation and prosthetics.

The cost of the procedure varies from 800 to 4500 rubles, depending on the complexity and indications, as well as the chosen clinic and region.

Personal hygiene

For oral health, you need to regularly brush your teeth using a toothbrush and special floss. To keep your teeth in excellent condition at home, you should follow these recommendations:

• Twice a day, in the morning before breakfast and in the evening before going to bed, teeth are brushed with a brush and toothpaste;
• You should floss your teeth daily;
• It is necessary to adhere to proper nutrition and avoid unhealthy snacks between main meals;
• Oral hygiene products, in particular toothpaste, must contain fluoride;
• During the day you need to use fluoride-containing mouthwashes, balms, and elixirs. After each meal, you can rinse your mouth with plain water;
• To better clean the interdental space and gums, you can use brushes. They are also used for cleaning bridges and other prostheses and implants.

Irrigators can be used to clean teeth in hard-to-reach places. They are indicated for use by people who have crowns installed or have filled teeth. These products allow you to extend the life of dentures by cleaning the space under the structures from food debris, which prevents tooth decay and the appearance of an unpleasant odor ().

Do I need to clean my tongue?

Dental and oral hygiene includes an obligatory component – ​​cleaning the surface of the tongue. During this procedure, mucus, plaque, and food debris are removed. This is an important stage that allows you to prevent a number of serious diseases. In most cases, plaque on the tongue is evidence of one or another ailment. Therefore, if this problem occurs, you should consult your dentist for advice on what products you can use to clean your tongue and how to use them correctly.

If you examine the tongue carefully, you can see numerous pits, papillae and irregularities that are filled with food debris. As a result, the tongue simply becomes a breeding ground for bacteria; with the help of saliva, they are transferred to the teeth, gums, and enter the digestive tract, causing an unpleasant odor and digestive problems.

Cleaning the tongue helps prevent the spread of bacteria, makes it difficult for infection to enter the body, and increases the sensitivity of taste buds. Proper and timely cleansing prevents the development of caries, gum problems - gingivitis and periodontal disease, and also protects the gastrointestinal tract from disorders.

Cleaning the tongue should be done by everyone without exception; special attention should be paid to this procedure for people whose tongue has deep folds and grooves, as well as smokers.

How to properly clean your tongue?

This procedure is performed after brushing your teeth and rinsing your mouth.

1. Cleansing movements from root to tip.
2. First, one side of the tongue is cleaned, then the other.
3. Several movements are made across the tongue.
4. After rinsing, apply a gel paste to the surface, lightly scrape with a brush and leave in the mouth for a minute. Then rinse the cavity thoroughly again.

For cleaning, you should choose a soft brush or scraper, as well as a special antiseptic gel. This product allows you to better clean the space between the papillae; the oxygen released during dissolution kills microbes.

The entire procedure for cleansing the oral cavity takes no more than 4-5 minutes. In this case, it takes no more than a minute to clean the tongue. Everyone chooses the frequency of this procedure; it depends on the speed at which plaque appears.

For some, it is enough to clean their tongue once every two to three days, while others do it daily.

Hygiene can help you get rid of dental problems

Teeth play an important role in human digestion. Proper oral hygiene can avoid many problems. It prevents the occurrence of dental diseases, weakens the external manifestations of darkening of the enamel, prevents the appearance of plaque and tartar, and helps maintain the health of the gastrointestinal tract.

It is important to brush your teeth twice a day, since plaque forms within 4-12 hours after the next cleansing. It is imperative to carry out preventive measures, regularly visit the dentist for professional care, and carrying out the full range of measures will preserve dental health for a long time.

And healthy teeth mean a beautiful smile, good health, and correct speech. The healthy state of the body as a whole depends on the health of the oral cavity!

Everyone wants to have a snow-white, healthy smile, but not everyone knows what to do to achieve this. Some people limit themselves to buying commercial toothpaste and an expensive brush. However, this is often not enough. To keep your teeth healthy, your breath fresh, and gum problems never overtake you, simple but proper oral hygiene should become a daily ritual for you. What oral care should be like, what means exist for this today, and the rules for brushing your teeth that everyone needs to know, you will find in the article.

Basics of oral hygiene

Even in ancient times, doctors insisted that a person is healthy as long as his teeth are healthy. If you take proper care of your teeth, pay proper attention to your gums, and carefully select oral products, you can keep your mouth healthy, prevent everyone from visiting an unloved dentist, and save a considerable amount of money on dental treatment. Oral hygiene should be carried out regularly and correctly. It should consist of:

1. Brushing teeth with a brush and paste.
2. Oral care after every meal.
3. Cleaning interdental spaces.

Oral care rules

Any girl should know the following rules and put them into practice. If you haven't done them all before, it's never too late to introduce them into your life. You will be surprised how easy it is to provide your teeth and gums with proper care, which will quickly become a habit:

• Rule No. 1: teeth should be brushed 2 times a day, before going to bed in the evening and after going to bed in the morning.
• Rule No. 2: do not forget about preventive examinations at the dentist once every six months. If you follow this rule, you will be able to prevent gum and tooth disease in the early stages of development.
• Rule No. 3: choosing teeth cleaning products is a serious matter. You shouldn’t buy the first paste you come across, and the brush needs to be changed at least once every 3 months.
• Rule #4: Oral care doesn’t end with brushing your teeth: don’t forget about your tongue, cheeks and gums.
• Rule No. 5: After every meal, you must remove leftover food. Ideally, you should brush your teeth with toothpaste and a brush, but in practice this is most often impossible. Therefore, you can use an affordable alternative: mouth rinses cope with this task with a bang, removing food particles and freshening your breath. And at work or school, chewing gum will come to the rescue.
• Rule #6: Use dental floss to clean the spaces between your teeth.
• Rule No. 7: fluoride substances in the paste begin to “work” 3 minutes after contact with the tooth. You need to brush your teeth for at least this amount of time, because you want to not only cleanse, but also strengthen the enamel.

Step-by-step instructions for daily oral cleaning

Teeth need to be brushed correctly, then oral care will be of high quality. By removing all plaque, you will protect your teeth from caries, and your gums from gingivitis, periodontitis and other diseases. The step-by-step scheme for cleaning the oral cavity is as follows:

1. The procedure begins with traditional teeth cleaning with paste and brush. Position the brush so that the bristles cover the outside of your teeth. Move the brush from the gum to the edge of the teeth in a sweeping motion.
2. The inner surface of the teeth must be cleaned with exactly the same sweeping movements using the same pattern.
3. Then position the brush so that the bristles cover the chewing surface. The back and forth motion will help clean the chewing surface.
4. Repeat this for the upper and lower jaw. Do not press the brush too hard.
5. Close your jaw and massage your gums with gentle movements using a brush.
6. Cleaning your tongue: you can use a special tongue scraper or a brush if it has a special cleaning surface. Make a couple of movements from the root to the tip of the tongue.
7. Cleaning the inner surface of the cheeks: repeat the procedure similar to cleaning the tongue now for the inner surface of the cheeks. Rinse your mouth with clean water.
8. Let's move on to thread floss. Take about 30 cm of dental floss and wrap the ends around your index fingers, leaving a 10 cm gap between them. Holding the floss firmly between your fingers, guide it into the tooth space, then press it against the surface of one of the teeth and move it up and down. To clean the adjacent gap, use a clean section of thread. When flossing, do not touch your gums. It is forbidden to use dental floss if you have periodontitis.
9. The final stage is rinse aid. There is no need to take a full mouthful of rinse liquid; about 2 teaspoons is enough. Rinse your mouth thoroughly for a minute.

Oral hygiene will not take you more than 10 minutes in the morning and evening. Do everything right and your teeth and gums will be healthy. Now let's learn more about oral hygiene products.

Choosing oral care products

Oral hygiene products are also important in quality care. We will help you make the right choice by telling you what to look for when purchasing.

Choosing pasta

Forget all the advertisements you saw on TV. When choosing toothpaste, you don’t have to buy the most expensive one available in the store. Whether it is a domestic manufacturer or a foreign one also does not play a major role. The compositions of the pastes are most often identical. What you need to pay attention to is the fluoride content. Products with fluoride are only suitable for the prevention of caries, but if this scourge has already befallen you, fluoride-containing toothpastes will only worsen the condition of your teeth. Pay attention to the purpose of the product. For daily use, you need a therapeutic-and-prophylactic or complex paste, but be careful with bleaching ones. When choosing a whitening paste, it is better to consult your dentist.

Choosing a brush

Toothbrushes are primarily divided into electric and conventional for manual cleaning. The former cope with the task better, but are also more expensive. It is recommended to change attachments as often as a regular brush, so the question of choice quite often comes down to finances. An electric toothbrush can easily clean the furthest teeth without you having to make any effort: just move the brush from tooth to tooth. When choosing an electric brush, pay attention to the nozzle itself. It can be simply cleansing or whitening. The type of power supply is also important: brushes with batteries are cheaper, but with a battery they are more convenient.

A regular hand brush comes in 3 levels of hardness: soft, medium and hard. Soft bristles are gentle on teeth and gums, but do not clean well, while hard bristles are too aggressive. Dentists advise choosing the golden mean - medium-hard bristles.

Choosing floss threads

All dental floss is thin fibers twisted together. The choice of this oral care product is quite large. More expensive threads are made from silk fibers, while cheaper options are made from synthetic fibers. Floss threads can be lubricated, ungreased, fluoridated, flat, round, embossed, and scented. Dentists recommend choosing a flat, lubricated thread; it is more convenient to use and reduces the risk of injury to the gums. Waxed threads are suitable for beginners; they are more durable and therefore ideal for first attempts. If you want to provide your teeth with additional protection against caries, use fluoridated floss.

Choosing a rinse aid

The mouthwash has a wide range of effects: removes plaque, kills bacteria, freshens breath, heals wounds, and prevents caries. Different types of rinses are intended for different purposes: therapeutic and preventive. The main goal of preventive rinses is to keep your breath fresh. But medicinal ones can be intended to combat inflammation, bleeding gums, and tooth sensitivity. Initially, you need to decide on the task that the rinse aid will need to perform. Prophylactic products are suitable for daily use.

In conclusion, I would like to note the importance of regular visits to the dentist. For example, if you have a problem such as bleeding gums, rinsing with herbal decoctions and using special pastes will not solve the problem completely, but if you contact a specialist, it will correct the situation in half an hour. Take care of your oral cavity and be healthy!