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How long does it take for Capoten to start working? This question is really relevant for people suffering from high blood pressure. In case of a hypertensive crisis, it is necessary to take a drug that has a rapid effect in order to return the pressure to normal limits as soon as possible. The drug can be used by older people, as it has a gentle effect on the body and gradually reduces blood pressure, preventing additional stress on the heart.

The principle of action of the medicine

Capoten's action is based on blocking a substance that is secreted by the adrenal glands and leads to vasoconstriction. Due to the strong constriction of blood vessels, a person’s blood pressure increases. When angiotensin is blocked, the vessels begin to gradually dilate, which leads to a gradual decrease in blood pressure.

This happens:

• reduction of resistance in blood vessels;
• load reduction;
• improved blood flow;
• decreased aldosterone release.

With long-term use of the drug, there is an improvement in myocardial function and a stop in the progression of heart failure. In addition, the medicine is taken when the pressure rises above 150.

Medicine is prescribed for the following diseases:

1. Hypertension.
2. Heart failure.
3. Diabetes mellitus.
4. Heart attack.

The advisability of prescribing the drug is determined only by a specialist. Taking the medicine yourself is only possible if emergency assistance, but you should study the instructions, since Capoten has a number of contraindications.

After a hypertensive crisis, during which Capoten was taken, you should consult a specialist to make a diagnosis and find out the cause of the increase in pressure.

Emergency assistance

The duration of action of the drug is important in emergency care. During a hypertensive crisis, the patient's blood pressure rises to 200 or higher. This condition causes life- and health-threatening phenomena. In this case, delay can cost human life.

Capoten acts quite quickly, so it is recommended to take it when there is a sharp increase in blood pressure. The medicine acts really quickly, the first effect is already noticeable after 15-20 minutes, and the maximum concentration appears after an hour. Moreover, the drug can maintain its effect for up to 6 hours, which is important for people with constant hypertension.

The rapid effect of the medicine allows you to avoid:

• heart attack;
• stroke;
• other complications.

The active ingredient of the remover is captopril, which helps to avoid conditions such as:

1. Drowsiness.
2. Dizziness.
3. Heart rhythm problems.

All this can arise as a kind of complication after a sharp rise in pressure.

For the shortest possible period of time between administration and the onset of action of the drug, the tablet should be placed under the tongue. In this case, it will begin to act within 5 minutes after administration.

In many ways, the period of action of Kapoten depends on individual characteristics human body. With a rapid metabolism, the maximum concentration of the drug is achieved in a very short period of time.

The number of tablets can reach 2 pieces with a sharp rise in pressure. Both tablets are taken sublingually half an hour apart. In this case, you must definitely measure your blood pressure before taking the second tablet. If the pressure has dropped to the permissible limit, then there is no need to take a second tablet.

In order for the active substance to enter the blood as early as possible and quickly begin to act, you should use the following recommendations for its administration:

• tablets are placed under the tongue;
• Before taking, you should rinse your mouth;
• you need to take the medicine while sitting;
• During the resorption of the drug it is necessary to remain completely calm;
• Do not smoke after taking the drug;
• Do not eat or drink for several minutes after taking the medicine;
• Do not put the tablet under the tongue if the person is unconscious.

In case of emergency, the drug is used quite often, as it acts quickly. To achieve maximum effect for short terms, the tablets should be placed under the tongue and held until completely dissolved.

What you should pay attention to before taking the drug

Use medicine should be used with extreme caution if a person has had the following health problems:

• connective tissue diseases;
• allergic swelling;
• stenosis;
• circulatory disorders in the brain;
• increased level potassium in the body;
• kidney pathologies;
• liver pathologies.

Before providing emergency assistance to a person with a hypertensive crisis, you should find out from him about the presence of such health problems. Otherwise, complications may develop that are dangerous to the life and health of the patient. If there is one of the contraindications, you must definitely postpone taking the drug until the ambulance arrives.

If a person has been vomiting for quite a long time, which often happens with high blood pressure, then before giving the pill, it is necessary to restore the water-salt balance in the body. If swelling appears after taking the medicine, then it is necessary to give the patient as soon as possible antihistamine to prevent the development of Quincke's edema and other allergic reactions.

Capoten is excreted by the kidneys, so it can provoke false results urine analysis. Upon admission of the patient to medical institution, you must definitely warn your specialist about taking Capoten. The medicine may also change your blood test results.

Despite the fact that the drug acts very quickly and is recommended for use when providing emergency care to a person with a hypertensive crisis, it has an extensive list of contraindications, so before taking it you must read the instructions. You should not take the drug constantly to lower your blood pressure without consulting a specialist.

One Capoten tablet contains 25 mg of active substance - captopril, as well as such excipients as starch, lactose, MCC And stearic acid.

Release form

Capoten (INN - Captopril) is available in the form of tablets of 25 mg, in blisters of 14 tablets, in a cardboard package there are 1-4 blisters.

Pharmacological action

Renders hypotensive effect. It is an ACE inhibitor. The drug may prevent the occurrence angiotensin II, reduces its ability to constrict arterial and venous vessels.

Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics

The annotation for Kapoten states that this drug reduces afterload And preload, lowers blood pressure, and also reduces atrial pressure and in pulmonary circulation. Increases cardiac output, reduces allocation level in the adrenal glands aldosterone.

After administration, about 75% of the substance is quickly absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract. At simultaneous administration food, the rate of absorption of the drug decreases. More than 90% of the drug is excreted through the kidneys, while about 50% is excreted unchanged, the remaining part of the substance is in the form of metabolites.

How quickly does Capoten work? Already 10 minutes after taking the drug, its effect begins, but the maximum effect appears after an hour and a half and lasts up to 6 hours.

Indications for use of Capoten

What can Kapoten help with? Indications for the use of Capoten are as follows:

• myocardial infarction;
• chronic heart failure(combination therapy);
• arterial hypertension(monotherapy, combinations with other drugs are also possible);
• diabetic nephropathy in diabetes mellitus(1st degree).

The main symptom that Capoten tablets can help with is: high blood pressure.

Contraindications

This drug has a number of contraindications for use:

• the patient's condition after kidney transplantation;
• aortic stenosis And similar diseases, obstructing the outflow of blood;
• stenosis of the artery of the solitary kidney with possible progressive azotemia;
• history of hypersensitivity;
• Quincke's edema;
• bilateral renal artery stenosis;
• breast-feeding And pregnancy;
• liver dysfunction And kidney;
• hyperkalemia;
• children and adolescents under 18 years of age;
• intolerance to one of the components of the drug.

The medicine should be taken with caution when inhibition of bone marrow hematopoiesis, cerebral ischemia, at autoimmune diseases connective tissues, patients currently on hemodialysis and patients who follow a nutritional system with controlled level sodium intake, elderly patients.

Side effects

The use of the medicine may lead to the following side effects:

• orthostatic hypotension, peripheral edema And tachycardia;
• bronchospasm, dry cough, pulmonary edema;
• swelling of the limbs, mucous membranes of the larynx, swelling of lips, language, general facial swelling;
• hyperkalemia, proteinuria, hyponatremia, acidosis, high level of urea nitrogen concentration in the blood;
• agranulocytosis, anemia, thrombocytopenia, neutropenia;
• taste disturbance, aphthous stomatitis , dry mouth, increased levels of liver enzyme activity; in rare cases, noticeable pain in the abdominal area may occur, gingival hyperplasia, hepatitis, diarrhea;
• rash, which is usually accompanied by itching and rarely by fever; vesicular rash And bullous type, frequent flushes of blood to the face, photosensitivity, erythema;
• drowsiness, ataxia, dizziness and headaches, blurred vision, paresthesia.

Instructions for use of Capoten (Method and dosage)

How to take Capoten: under the tongue or with a drink? Capoten blood pressure tablets prescribed by a doctor are taken orally, an hour before meals. You can also take Capoten under the tongue. Dosage is prescribed individually.

How to take blood pressure medicine? At arterial hypertension Treatment with the drug begins with the smallest dose, which is set individually for each patient. At weak (moderate) degree of manifestation hypertension The initial dose of medication is 12.5 mg (1/2 tablet) twice a day. If the need arises, increase the dosage gradually, the interval should be 2-4 weeks. An effective dose is 50 mg (2 tablets) twice a day. At severe hypertension the volume of the initial dose should not exceed 12.5 mg (1/2 tablet) 2 doses per day. Gradually, the dose should be increased to a maximum of 150 mg (three times a day, 50 mg each).

Method of use of the drug for heart failure: Treatment should be carried out exclusively under the supervision of the attending physician. To minimize the effect of transient hypotension, from the beginning of the course of treatment, a dosage of no more than 6.25 mg (1/4 tablet) 3 doses per day should be prescribed. The optimal maintenance dosage is 25 mg (1 tablet) in 2-3 doses. If necessary, the dose can be increased every 14 days, up to the maximum of 150 mg.

During treatment myocardial infarction it is possible to begin a course of therapy 3 days after a heart attack. The optimal initial dose is 6.25 mg (1/4 tablet) three times a day, gradually increasing the dose to 1 tablet (25 mg) three times a day.

Moderate And weak stage renal dysfunction requires a daily dose of 3-4 tablets (75-100 mg) three times a day. Doctors recommend starting with a serving not exceeding half a tablet (12.5 mg) in extreme cases. severe renal dysfunction. If such a dose is not effective enough, then it should be gradually increased until a therapeutic effect is obtained.

How should elderly patients take tablets? Persons over 65 years of age the dose is selected by the doctor individually. It is recommended to start treatment with a minimum dose, and subsequently maintain it at the same level during the entire course of use of the drug.

Before taking Capoten for high blood pressure and for other symptoms, be sure to consult your doctor.

Overdose

A symptom of an overdose is a strong drop in level blood pressure.

The course of treatment is carried out by introducing plasma replacement drugs, as well as conducting hemodialysis.

Interaction

The hypotensive effect of Capoten is enhanced when used with diuretics, adrenergic blockers And ganglion blockers. An increase in blood potassium levels may be caused by potassium-sparing diuretics(spironolactone, triamterene, amiloride) or potassium nutritional supplements.

Indomethacin And clonidine reduce the antihypertensive effect of the drug against blood pressure.

Combination of Capoten with allopurinol or procainamide may lead to neutropenia and/or Stevens-Johnson syndrome.

Immunosuppressants such as cyclophosphamide And azathioprine at simultaneous use with Capoten increases the possibility of hematological disorders.

Application ACE inhibitors And lithium leads to an increase in the level of lithium in the blood, which increases the risk of side effects of lithium drugs.

Terms of sale

According to the recipe.

Best before date

Special instructions

When testing urine for acetone, it may give a false positive reaction.

Instructions for Kapoten for patients who are on salt-free or low salt diet: the medicine must be prescribed with caution; treatment should be started with small doses, since there is a possibility of arterial hypotension. If arterial hypotension occurs after taking Capoten, the patient is advised to take a horizontal position and raise his legs.

Under medical supervision Capoten should be used in patients suffering from chronic heart failure.

In approximately 20% of patients with a long course of treatment with Capoten, an increase of more than 20% in the content of urea and creatinine in the blood is observed.

Must be monitored monthly leukocyte level for the first three months of taking the drug, after - once every 3 months. Patients who have autoimmune diseases should monitor white blood cell levels every 2 weeks for the first 3 months, then every 2 months. General analysis Blood tests should be performed when the total white blood cell count is less than 4000/µl. It is recommended to complete the course of drug therapy if the level of leukocytes is less than 1000/μl.

The drug must be discontinued and medical examination when angioedema. If swelling appears on the face, then to reduce it you can use antihistamines, no other treatment is required. If the swelling has spread to the pharynx, larynx or tongue, you should immediately inject a 0.1 percent solution epinephrine(adrenaline) in a volume of 0.5 ml.

On initial stage course of treatment may develop dizziness Therefore, during treatment, patients are advised to refrain from driving and any work that requires quick reaction and increased attention.

Kapoten and alcohol

When taking the drug, you should completely abstain from drinking alcohol. Alcoholic drinks impair the absorption of potassium, its deficiency in the body causes hypertension, Capoten’s action is aimed at replenishing this element, and alcohol blocks the increase in its reserves. Thus, the interaction of Capoten with alcohol can cause severe hypertension.

Kapoten's analogs Level 4 ATX code matches:

Analogs of Capoten tablets according to the composition of active ingredients: captopril, capozide, accupro, berlipril, diroton, zocardis, lisinocol etc. Analogues may differ in release form.

Which is better: Capoten or Captopril?

Essentially Kapoten and Captopril - the same drug that helps with heart failure and hypertension.

Capozide or Capoten?

Capozide prescribed to patients if the use of Capoten has proven ineffective. Capozide is a drug that contains diuretics in addition to captopril. So, in addition to 50 mg of captopril, it contains 25 mg of hydrochlorothisiad. This combination enhances the hypotensive effect of the drug, as well as the duration of its effect on the body, which allows it to be taken once a day.

Reviews for Kapoten

The overall rating of the drug is 4.5 points out of 5. Patients note that the tablets act quickly, reduce blood pressure, and also mention the convenient form of release. Some patients complain of side effects, in particular, mild numbness of the tongue.

Reviews from doctors: before use, you must consult a doctor who will determine the need to use the drug and set the dose. In general, the drug acts quickly and effectively, with a minimum of side effects when given the correct dosage.

Price for Kapoten, where to buy

The price in Moscow for these tablets is 110-130 rubles. per pack of 14 tablets; pack of 28 tablets – 160-188 rubles, pack of 40 tablets – 230-254 rubles.

The average price for Capoten tablets in Ukraine ranges from 160 to 280 UAH. depending on volume.

More accurate information about how much the drug costs and where you can buy it can be found at the pharmacy.

• Online pharmacies in RussiaRussia

WER.RU

Capoten tablets 25 mg 40 pcs. Akrikhin

Capoten tablets 25 mg 28 pcs Akrikhin

Capoten tablets 25 mg 56 pcs. Akrikhin

ZdravZone

Capoten 25 mg No. 40 tablets

Capoten 25 mg No. 28 tablets

Capoten 25 mg No. 56 tablets

Pharmacy IFC

KapotenAkrikhin HFC (Moscow), Russia

KapotenAkrikhin HFC (Moscow), Russia

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PLEASE NOTE! Information about medications on the site is for reference and general information, collected from publicly available sources and cannot serve as a basis for making a decision on the use of medications in the course of treatment. Before using the drug Capoten, be sure to consult with your doctor.

Everyone is familiar with the concept of “blood pressure”. But what is it and why is it talked about so often? Blood pressure is one of the main indicators of good health and normal operation human body.

In the walls of blood vessels there are muscle fibers, which, like any muscle, contract or relax. Depending on this, the vessels are either relaxed or toned. To bring the organs what they need nutrients, blood flows through the vessels in different directions. This happens precisely due to the pressure in the vessels. But due to various reasons the vessels narrow, i.e. Vascular spasm occurs. Then they talk about increased blood pressure.

Even 20 years ago, it was believed that high blood pressure was typical only for older people. But now this disease has become much younger, and high blood pressure is common not only in middle age, but also in young age.

Pharmacological action of capoten

To regulate blood pressure, doctors prescribe antihypertensive drugs, of which there are a huge number on the pharmaceutical market. One of these drugs is capoten. Capoten was first used to regulate blood pressure back in 1979. But, due to its effectiveness, it is actively used in our time.

The active ingredient is captopril. The drug is produced in the form of white, square, biconvex tablets with rounded edges. There is a cross-shaped notch on one side. On the other side of the tablet are the numbers “452” and the inscription “SQUIBB”. There are two dosages - 25 mg and 50 mg. Capoten contains excipients - lactose, microcrystalline cellulose, corn starch, stearic acid.

One of the causes of vascular spasm is the biologically active substance angiotensin 2. It causes powerful vasoconstriction, which leads to increased blood pressure. But if angiotensin 2 is not produced, then the vessels will not spasm, and the pressure will decrease.

This important point for normal heart function, because at increased tone vessels, he needs to exert more force in order to move blood through the vessels. Another substance responsible for the production of angiotensin 2 is angiotensin 1, which is converted into angiotensin 2 using a special protein produced by certain kidney cells. To reduce blood pressure, it is necessary to block the action of this protein and thereby stop the conversion of angiotensin 1 to angiotensin 2. This task is successfully performed by a group of drugs called angiotensin converting factor (ACE) inhibitors. These include the hood.

The main effects of capoten

One of the main effects is blocking the protein responsible for converting angiotensin 1 into angiotensin 2. The drug also has other effects:

• reduces the production of the hormone aldosterone, which is involved in the processes of water retention in the body, thereby increasing blood pressure;
• prevents thickening of the heart muscle (myocardial hypertrophy);
• reduces the volume load on the heart (at the moment when blood enters the ventricles or atria) and the pressure load that is formed when the ventricles of the heart push blood into the bloodstream;
• activates the production of a special substance, due to which the blood vessels dilate and the pressure decreases;
• reduces the amount of sodium ions, which is important if the patient has chronic renal failure;
• reduces the amount of protein excreted in the urine, which is also a means of preventing kidney failure.

The effect that capoten has is conventionally divided into acute and chronic. Acute is a rapid decrease in pressure due to the blocking of angiotensin 1 and a decrease in the amount of angiotensin 2 in the blood. At the same time, certain substances accumulate in the walls of the vessels, which dilate the blood vessels, and the pressure decreases. Thus, the drug is used as ambulance with a sharp increase in blood pressure and hypertensive crisis. After 7-10 days, the effect of capoten may decrease somewhat, because with a rapid decrease in the amount of angiotensin, the kidneys produce substances that constrict blood vessels. A chronic effect occurs when the drug is taken for a long time. In this case, capoten helps reduce hypertrophy of the heart muscle, which leads to normalization of blood pressure. Long-term use capoten restores the structures of the walls of blood vessels, which also reduces pressure. According to doctors' observations, long-term use of capoten (captopril) significantly reduces the mortality rate from such serious condition like myocardial infarction.

Indications and contraindications for taking capoten

The drug can be taken both for various cardiovascular diseases and for some other diseases:

• hypertension, even those forms that are poorly responsive to other groups of antihypertensive drugs;
• malignant hypertension (a severe form of hypertension that develops very quickly, affects optic nerve and the walls of blood vessels, has high pressure numbers - above 200/110). Especially if this form of hypertension is combined with congestive heart failure or angina pectoris;
• renovascular hypertension (impaired functioning of the kidney vessels);
• “first aid” for hypertensive crisis;
• increased blood pressure due to a disease such as bronchial asthma;
• heart failure, especially its congestive form;
• impaired renal function due to a disease such as diabetes;
• hypertension in primary and secondary glomerulonephritis;
• primary hyperaldosteronism.

Capoten has a number of advantages over other drugs. It can be taken safely by older people. It has antioxidant properties and has no effect on male potency. More than other groups of drugs, Capoten tablets reduce the incidence of oncological diseases. This drug slows down the development of kidney pathologies such as nephropathy, especially in diabetes mellitus. It has been reliably proven that capoten reduces mortality in heart and vascular diseases.

Despite the listed advantages and benefits, this antihypertensive drug has some contraindications and several undesirable effects:

• Quincke's edema - reaction immune system to captopril or components of the drug;
• individual intolerance active substance or components of hood;
• increased content potassium in the blood;
• severe functional disorders of the kidneys and liver;
• narrowing of the renal arteries on both sides;
• narrowing of the artery supplying the only kidney;
• the initial period after kidney transplant surgery;
• pregnancy;
• lactation period;
• diseases that impede blood flow;
• children's and adolescence- strictly as prescribed by the doctor.

The action of capoten, in general, has a very good effect on the condition of a patient with hypertension, but there are a small number of side effects that you need to be aware of:

• from the outside respiratory organs: dry cough (usually goes away after the patient stops taking the drug), bronchospasm, in severe cases– pulmonary edema;
• from the heart and blood vessels: orthostatic hypotension (when moving from horizontal position in the vertical, pressure decreases pathologically), increased heart rate, decreased pressure to low numbers, swelling of the hands and feet;
• nervous system: dizziness, drowsiness, headaches, blurred vision, changes in skin sensitivity, rapid fatigue, weakness, etc.;
• from the digestive system: dry mouth, abdominal pain, taste disturbances, hepatitis, increased amount bilirubin in the blood, diarrhea, etc.;
• increased levels of potassium, creatinine and urea nitrogen in the blood, lack of sodium in the blood, presence of protein in the urine, anemia is possible;
• breakdown of blood cells - leukocytes and platelets.

In case of an overdose of capoten, blood pressure and pulse rate sharply decrease, kidney function may be impaired or shock may develop. This requires urgent medical intervention.

How to take capoten

In its group (ACE blockers), capoten has least time actions. It is 6-8 hours. Therefore, take it 2 or 3 times a day.

But one of its advantages is that its main effect develops very quickly - within 5-15 minutes. The drug should be taken either before meals, about an hour, or an hour and a half after meals. The dosage of the drug depends on the nature of the disease and its severity, on concomitant pathologies and the individual characteristics of the patient. For example, for hypertension, the initial dose of capoten should be 12.5 mg (12 tablets), and for heart failure - 6.25 mg (14 tablets). As you continue to take the drug, the dosage may increase. But dosage changes occur at intervals of 2-3 weeks, because the body must get used to the changes that occur in it under the influence of the active components of the drug.

To take capoten tablets, you need to take it with water. Its concentration in the blood will reach its maximum level after 40 minutes, and within an hour after taking the tablets the pressure will drop significantly.

In case of a hypertensive crisis, you need to act quickly in order to quickly lower the critical blood pressure numbers. In this case, the capoten tablet must be placed under the tongue, because the drug immediately enters the blood through the mucous membrane and quickly begins to act. When prescribing dosages, specialists pay special attention to elderly patients. Such people have certain disturbances in the functioning of all organs associated with the natural aging of the body. They have a lot concomitant diseases. Therefore, treatment most often needs to begin with minimal therapeutic doses in order to understand what the body’s reaction to the drug will be.

How long does capoten last? How to take the medicine correctly? What is the dose of the drug? Only a doctor knows the answer to these questions, and when prescribing this drug, he must take into account many parameters. If you take capoten on your own, without the supervision of a doctor, it can lead to serious consequences, including collapse. Kapoten is a strong specific remedy. This is a drug that acts on many systems and organs. He has good reviews both from patients and from doctors. But it should be taken only under the supervision of a doctor and in strict dosages.

Kapoten is a drug from the group of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, which

lowers blood pressure and, accordingly, is used to treat hypertension and in complex therapy of chronic

heart failure

Composition and release forms

Currently, Kapoten is produced in the only dosage form- This

tablets for oral administration. The tablets have a square, biconvex shape with rounded edges, are colored white or white with a cream tint, on one side of which there is a notch in the form of a cross, and on the other the inscription “SQUIBB” and the numbers “452”. The tablets have a characteristic odor and are available in packages of 28, 40 and 56 pieces.

As an active substance Capoten tablets contain captopril in two dosages - 25 mg and 50 mg. As auxiliary components Capoten tablets contain the following substances:

• Cornstarch;
• Lactose;
• Microcrystalline cellulose;
• Stearic acid.

Therapeutic effect

Capoten reduces blood pressure

pressure

and reduces the load on

As a result, it is used in the treatment of hypertension and chronic heart failure. Capoten's action is due to its ability to block the work of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), which ensures the transition of angiotensin I to angiotensin II. The fact is that angiotensin II is a biologically active substance that has a powerful vasoconstrictor effect, which, accordingly, increases blood pressure. When angiotensin II is not produced, the blood vessels remain dilated and blood pressure decreases, and the heart also works easier, requiring less force to push blood into the vessels. Accordingly, Capoten, by blocking the formation of angiotensin II, leads to dilation of blood vessels and a decrease in blood pressure.

With regular use of Capoten, blood pressure is well maintained within acceptable values. To achieve a lasting reduction in blood pressure, the drug must be taken for at least 4 to 6 weeks.

In addition, due to the dilation of blood vessels, the total peripheral resistance decreases, thereby reducing the load on the heart, which can more easily push blood into the aorta and pulmonary artery. By reducing the load on the heart, Capoten increases the tolerance of physical and other stress in a person suffering from heart failure.

Capoten improves renal blood flow and therefore can be used for the treatment of diabetic nephropathy. In addition, the drug does not cause edema, which distinguishes it from other antihypertensive drugs. As a result, Capoten does not need to be combined with diuretics.

Indications for use

The tablets are indicated for use if a person has the following diseases:

• Arterial hypertension, including renal origin;
• Chronic heart failure (Capoten is used as part of combination therapy);
• Impaired functioning of the left ventricle after a heart attack, provided that the person’s condition is stable;
• Diabetic nephropathy that developed in type I diabetes mellitus (used for albuminuria more than 30 mg/day).

Instructions for use How to take Capoten?

Capoten must be taken orally, swallowing the tablet or part of it entirely, without biting, chewing or crushing in other ways, but washed down with non-carbonated

(half a glass is enough).

The dosage of Capoten is selected individually, and administration begins with a minimum dose of 6.25 or 12.5 mg, which is doubled every 2 weeks until the maximum is reached. acceptable values– 300 mg per day. Taking the drug at a dosage of more than 300 mg per day is not advisable, since its effectiveness does not increase, and the severity side effect, on the contrary, increases. The maximum permissible daily dosage that does not cause poisoning is approximately 600 mg of Capoten.

Dosage of Capoten at various diseases

For any disease, Capoten begins to be taken with minimal dosages, gradually increasing them to the required maintenance levels. It is the maintenance dosage that may be different for different diseases.

For arterial hypertension Capoten should be started at 12.5 mg (1/2 tablet) 2 times a day. Every two weeks, if necessary, the dosage is doubled, bringing it to the optimum, during which the pressure is kept within acceptable limits. As a rule, for mild to moderate arterial hypertension, the effective maintenance dose of Capoten is 25 mg 2 times a day. For severe hypertension, the maintenance dosage of the drug is 50 mg 2 to 3 times a day.

For chronic heart failure Capoten is recommended to be used only if diuretics do not provide a sufficient and necessary therapeutic effect. In such cases, the drug is started at 6.25 mg (1/4 tablet) 3 times a day, doubling the dosage every two weeks until the optimal dose is reached, which provides the desired effect. Typically, the maintenance dosage of Capoten for chronic heart failure is 25 mg 2 to 3 times a day. The maximum permissible daily dosage is 150 mg per day.

In case of dysfunction of the left ventricle after myocardial infarction Capoten can be taken three days after heart attack. In this case, start taking the drug at 6.25 mg once a day, after a week increase the dosage to 6.25 mg 2 times a day. After another week, the dosage is increased to 6.25 mg 3 times a day. Then the dosage is doubled and they begin to take 12.5 mg 3 times a day. If this dosage allows you to achieve the desired effect, then it is considered maintenance and the drug is taken for a long period of time. If the dosage of 12.5 mg 3 times a day is not effective enough, then it can be doubled and taken, respectively, 25 mg 3 times a day. In principle, the maximum permissible dosage for left ventricular dysfunction is 150 mg per day.

For diabetic nephropathy It is recommended to take Capoten 25 mg 3 times a day or 50 mg 2 times a day. This maintenance dosage is increased gradually, starting to take the drug at 12.5 mg 3 times a day. After two weeks, the dosage is doubled and, thereby, brought to maintenance - 25 mg 3 times a day. If this dosage is ineffective, then after 2 weeks it is increased and taken 50 mg 2 times a day.

If nephropathy is accompanied by microalbuminuria (the amount of albumin in the urine is 30–300 mg per day), then the maintenance dosage must be adjusted to 50 mg 2 times a day. For proteinuria (protein in urine) of more than 500 mg per day, the optimal maintenance dosage is 25 mg 3 times a day.

For kidney diseases with a creatinine clearance of 30–80 ml/min, the maintenance dosage of Capoten for any disease is 75–100 mg per day. And in case of severe renal impairment with creatinine clearance less than 30 ml/min, the drug should be taken at a dose of 12.5 mg 2 times a day. Then the dosage is slowly increased and brought to a maximum of 50 - 75 mg per day.

For elderly people (over 65 years old), the dosage of Capoten should be selected individually, always starting with 6.25 mg 2 times a day. It is necessary to strive not to increase the dosage in older people, but, on the contrary, to keep it at a minimum level - 6.25 mg 2 times a day. If there is a need to increase the dosage, then you should first add a third dose per day, that is, drink 6.25 mg 3 times a day. Only after this can you increase single dosage Capoten to achieve the required therapeutic effect.

Capoten under the tongue

A tongue hood is used for rapid decline blood pressure in in case of emergency. When the tablet is dissolved under the tongue, blood pressure decreases after 10–15 minutes, and the effect lasts for at least 5 hours. However, it is not recommended to take Capoten in this way constantly, since the effect of the drug occurs too quickly and the pressure drops sharply.

Kapoten during pregnancy and breastfeeding

Kapoten at

pregnancy

breastfeeding

prohibited for use because the drug may have negative impact on the growth and development of the fetus. In experimental studies on animals, it was revealed that Capoten has embryotoxicity and can provoke intrauterine fetal death,

etc. Therefore, during the entire period of pregnancy, a woman should not take Capoten.

If a woman takes Capoten as routine therapy, the drug should be discontinued as soon as pregnancy becomes known. If pregnancy is planned, then it is recommended, even before trying to conceive, to switch to another antihypertensive drug that can be taken by pregnant women (for example, Nifedipine, etc.).

Special instructions

Capoten should be used with caution if a person has the following diseases:

• Diseases connective tissue(for example, scleroderma, systemic lupus erythematosus, etc.), since in this case there is a high risk of neutropenia and agranulocytosis (a sharp decrease or complete disappearance of leukocytes in the blood);
• Angioedema in the past;
• Aortic stenosis;
• Cerebrovascular and cardiovascular diseases (for example, insufficiency cerebral circulation, IHD, coronary insufficiency etc.);
• Inhibition of cerebral hematopoiesis;
• Diabetes mellitus;
• Bilateral renal artery stenosis or stenosis of the artery of a single kidney;
• Condition after kidney transplant;
• Kidney or liver failure;
• Sodium-restricted diet;
• Conditions in which the volume of circulating blood is reduced (for example, vomiting, diarrhea, profuse sweating, etc.).

If a person has water disorders electrolyte balance, for example, after vomiting, diarrhea, taking diuretics, etc., then before starting to take Capoten you need to eliminate them so that the condition does not worsen and, accordingly, worsen.

During the period of taking Capoten, due to the risk of hyperkalemia (increased potassium content in the blood), it is recommended to avoid the use of potassium preparations (Asparkam, Panangin, etc.), potassium-sparing diuretics (Veroshpiron, Triamterene, etc.), potassium-containing salt substitutes, and other biologically active additives with potassium, as well as medications that increase the level of this element in the blood (for example, heparin, etc.).

If swelling on the face and lips appears while taking Capoten, then you should additionally take antihistamines (for example, Erius, Telfast, Claritin, Suprastin, Fenistil, etc.). But if the swelling has spread and involves the tongue, pharynx and larynx, then Capoten should be discontinued and a solution of adrenaline should be injected subcutaneously.

Taking Capoten can provoke a false-positive urine reaction to acetone.

Before starting and during the entire Capoten period, it is necessary to monitor kidney function. It should be remembered that in approximately 20% of people, under the influence of Capoten, the concentration of urea and creatinine in the blood serum increases, which is considered normal. However, if the increase in the concentration of urea and creatinine constantly progresses, reaching higher and higher values, then the drug should be discontinued.

Also, during therapy with Capoten, it is necessary to monitor total quantity leukocytes in the blood, and in the first three months of treatment this is done every 30 days, and then after 3 months. If the total number of leukocytes decreases to less than 1000/μl, the drug should be discontinued.

It must be remembered that against the background of dehydration, heart failure or being on hemodialysis, taking Capoten can provoke a sharp decrease in blood pressure (hypotension). If hypotension develops, you need to lie on a horizontal surface with your back and raise your legs up so that they are above your head. To minimize the risk of hypotension, it is necessary to discontinue diuretics or increase the amount of salt consumed 4–7 days before starting Capoten.

While taking Capoten, you should avoid any surgical interventions, including dental, for example, tooth extraction, etc.

Impact on the ability to operate machinery

The effect on the ability to control mechanisms is negative, since the drug can cause

dizziness

Therefore, while taking Capoten, you should refrain from engaging in any activities that require high speed reactions and concentration.

Overdose

An overdose is possible and is manifested by a sharp decrease in blood pressure, even shock.

To treat an overdose, saline solution and plasma expanders are administered, and if necessary, hemodialysis is performed.

Interaction with other drugs

Taking Capoten with immunosuppressants,

cytostatics

Procainamide,

interferon

alpha-2 and interferon beta increases the risk of developing

leukopenia

(decrease in the total number of leukocytes in the blood).

The use of Capoten with potassium-sparing diuretics (Veroshpiron, Triamterene, Amiloride, etc.), potassium preparations (Asparkam, Panangin, etc.), potassium-containing salt substitutes, Trimethoprim and heparin can provoke hyperkalemia (increased potassium levels in the blood).

When taking Capoten with drugs from the NSAID group (Indomethacin, Ibuprofen, Nimesulide, etc.), the risk of kidney damage increases, and with Cyclosporine, the risk of developing renal failure and oliguria (small amount of urine excreted).

Taking Capoten with thiazide and “loop” diuretics (Chlorthalidone, Indapamide, etc.), anesthetics, NSAIDs (Indomethacin, Ibuprofen, Nimesulide, Aspirin, Paracetamol, etc.) and interleukin-3, Minoxidil, Sodium Nitroprusside and Pergolide may provoke hypotension due to a sharp decrease in circulating blood volume. Chlorpromazine in combination with Capoten provokes orthostatic hypotension, when blood pressure drops sharply when moving from a sitting or lying position to a standing position.

Taking Capoten with Azathioprine can provoke the development of anemia and leukopenia.

Allopurinol in combination with Capoten increases the risk of developing severe allergic reactions, such as Stevens-Johnson syndrome, etc.

Preparations of aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, magnesium carbonate reduce the absorption of Capoten and, accordingly, its effectiveness. Also, the effectiveness of Capoten is reduced by Orlistat and erythropoietins, which, when taken simultaneously, may cause a hypertensive crisis, increased blood pressure, or cerebral hemorrhage.

Taking Capoten with insulin, hypoglycemic agents (Glibenclamide, Gliclazide, etc.) and sulfonylureas can lead to hypoglycemia ( low level blood glucose).

Capoten in combination with lithium preparations increases the concentration of lithium in the blood and can provoke the development of symptoms of intoxication with this element.

Side effects of Capoten

Capoten causes the following side effects from various organs and systems:

1. Nervous system and sensory organs:

• Increased fatigue;
• Dizziness;
• Headaches;
• Drowsiness;
• Confusion;
• Fainting;
• Depression;
• Ataxia (impaired coordination of movements);
• Convulsions;
• Paresthesia (feeling of numbness, tingling, “pins and needles” in the limbs);
• Impaired visual acuity;
• Impaired sense of smell.

2. Cardiovascular system and blood:

• Orthostatic hypotension (a sharp drop in blood pressure when moving from a sitting or lying position to a standing position);
• Angina;
• Myocardial infarction;
• Arrhythmia;
• Heartbeat;
• Acute cerebrovascular accident;
• Peripheral edema;
• Lymphadenopathy;
• Anemia;
• Chest pain;
• Raynaud's syndrome;
• Tides;
• Pale skin;
• Cardiogenic shock;
• Pulmonary embolism;
• Neutropenia (decrease in the number of neutrophils in the blood);
• Agranulocytosis (complete disappearance of basophils, eosinophils and neutrophils from the blood);
• Thrombocytopenia (low platelet count below normal);
• Eosinophilia (increased number of eosinophils above normal).

3. Respiratory system:

• Bronchospasm;
• Dyspnea;
• Pneumonitis or alveolitis;
• Bronchitis;
• Rhinitis;
• Non-productive cough (without sputum production).

4. Gastrointestinal tract:

• Anorexia;
• Difficulty swallowing;
• Stomatitis;
• Xerostomia (dry mouth due to insufficient salivation);
• Glossitis (inflammation of the tongue);
• Gingival hyperplasia;
• Taste disturbance;
• Ulcers on the mucous membrane of the mouth and stomach;
• Nausea;
• Vomit;
• Symptoms of dyspepsia (flatulence, bloating, abdominal pain, feeling of heaviness in the stomach after eating, etc.);
• Constipation;
• Diarrhea;
• Pancreatitis;
• Cholestasis;
• Cholestatic hepatitis;
• Hepatocellular cirrhosis.

5. Urinary and reproductive systems:

• Deterioration of kidney function up to acute renal failure;
• Polyuria (increased volume of urine excreted above normal);
• Oliguria (decrease in the volume of urine excreted below normal);
• Proteinuria (protein in urine);
• Increased frequency and quantity of urination;
• Impotence or deterioration of erection.

6. Leather and soft tissue:

• Redness of the facial skin;
• Rashes on the body and face;
• Itchy skin;
• Exfoliative dermatitis;
• Toxic epidermal necrolysis;
• Pemphigus pemphigoid reactions;
• Erythroderma;
• Shingles;
• Alopecia (baldness);
• Photodermatitis.

7. Allergic reactions:

• Stevens-Johnson syndrome;
• Hives;
• Quincke's edema;
• Anaphylactic shock.

8. Laboratory indicators:

• Hyperkalemia (increased potassium levels in the blood above normal);
• Hyponatremia (a decrease in sodium levels in the blood below normal);
• Hypoglycemia (low blood glucose levels) in people simultaneously taking insulin or other hypoglycemic drugs;
• Increased activity of liver enzymes (AST, ALAT, alkaline phosphatase, etc.);
• Increased concentrations of urea, creatinine and bilirubin in the blood, as well as ESR;
• Decrease in hemoglobin and hematocrit levels;
• Acidosis;
• False positive test reaction for the presence of nuclear antigen.

9. Other:

• Arthralgia (joint pain);
• Myalgia (muscle pain);
• Increased body temperature;
• Chills;
• Sepsis (blood poisoning);
• Gynecomastia;
• Serum sickness.

Contraindications for use

Absolute contraindications to the use of Capoten is the presence of the following diseases or conditions in a person:

• Hypotension (low blood pressure);
• Pregnancy;
• Breastfeeding period;
• Age under 18 years;
• Condition after a kidney transplant;
• Stenosis (narrowing) of the aortic mouth or mitral valve or other conditions that impede the flow of blood from the heart;
• Progressive stenosis (narrowing) of both renal arteries or one if the person has only one kidney;
• Severe renal impairment;
• Liver failure;
• Hyperkalemia (increased levels of potassium in the blood);
• Individual increased sensitivity or allergic reactions for any components of the medicinal product;
• Hereditary angioedema.

Subject to availability absolute contraindications A person should not take Capoten under any circumstances. However, in addition to absolute contraindications to taking Capoten, there are also relative ones, in the presence of which a person can take the drug, but with caution, under the supervision of a doctor and only after a careful assessment of the risk/benefit ratio.

TO relative contraindications to the use of Capoten include the following conditions or diseases that a person has:

• Old age (over 65 years old);
• Conditions in which the volume of circulating blood is reduced (for example, after vomiting, diarrhea, profuse sweating, etc.);
• Primary hyperaldosteronism;
• Sodium-restricted diet;
• Being on hemodialysis;
• Cerebral ischemia;
• Diabetes mellitus;
• Leukopenia (low total number of white blood cells in the blood);
• Thrombocytopenia (low total number of platelets in the blood);
• Inhibition of hematopoiesis in the bone marrow;
• Autoimmune diseases of systemic connective tissue (scleroderma, systemic lupus erythematosus, etc.).

Kapoten - analogues

Kapoten has two types of analogues - synonyms and, in fact, analogues. Synonyms are drugs that, like Capoten, contain captopril as an active substance. Analogues of Capoten are drugs from the group of ACE inhibitors, which contain other active substances (not captopril), but have a similar spectrum of therapeutic activity.

Synonyms of Kapoten The following medications are:

• Angiopril-25 tablets;
• Blockordil tablets;
• Captopril tablets.

Analogues of Kapoten are the following drugs:

• Accupro tablets;
• Amprilan tablets;
• Arentopres tablets;
• Bagopril tablets;
• Berlipril 5, Berlipril 10, Berlipril 20 tablets;
• Vasolong capsules;
• Hypernik tablets;
• Hopten capsules;
• Dapril tablets;
• Dilaprel capsules;
• Diropress tablets;
• Diroton tablets;
• Zocardis 7.5 and Zocardis 30 tablets;
• Zonixem tablets;
• Inhibase tablets;
• Irumed tablets;
• Quadropril tablets;
• Quinafar tablets;
• Coverex tablets;
• Corpril tablets;
• Lizacard tablets;
• Lysigamma tablets;
• Lisinopril tablets;
• Lisinoton tablets;
• Lisiprex tablets;
• Lizonorm tablets;
• Lizoril tablets;
• Listril tablets;
• Liten tablets;
• Metiapril tablets;
• Monopril tablets;
• Moex 7.5 and Moex 15 tablets;
• Parnavel tablets and capsules;
• Perindopril tablets;
• Perineva and Perineva Ku-tab tablets;
• Perinpress tablets;
• Pyramil tablets;
• Pyristar tablets;
• Prenessa tablets;
• Prestarium and Prestarium A tablets;
• Ramigamma tablets;
• Ramycardia capsules;
• Ramipril tablets;
• Ramepress tablets;
• Renipril tablets;
• Renitek tablets;
• Rileys-Sanovel tablets;
• Sinopril tablets;
• Stoppress tablets;
• Tritace tablets;
• Phosicard tablets;
• Fozinap tablets;
• Fosinopril tablets;
• Fozinotec tablets;
• Hartil tablets;
• Quinapril tablets;
• Ednit tablets;
• Enalapril tablets;
• Enam tablets;
• Enap and Enap R tablets;
• Enarenal tablets;
• Enafarm tablets;
• Envas tablets.

From this medical article you can read: medicine Kapoten. The instructions for use will explain in what cases the tablets can be taken, what the medicine helps with, what are the indications for use, contraindications and side effects. The annotation presents the forms of release of the drug and its composition.

In the article, doctors and consumers can only leave real reviews about Kapoten, from which you can find out whether the medicine helped in the treatment of arterial hypertension and lowering high blood pressure in adults and children. The instructions list analogues of Capoten, prices of the drug in pharmacies, as well as its use during pregnancy.

A drug with an antihypertensive effect is Capoten. Instructions for use recommend taking 25 mg and 50 mg tablets for arterial hypertension, chronic heart failure, diabetic nephropathy caused by type I diabetes mellitus.

Release form and composition

Capoten is available in the form of tablets in blisters of 10 pieces (4 blisters in a pack) and 14 pieces (2 or 4 blisters in a pack). 1 tablet contains: active substance: captopril - 25 or 50 mg and auxiliary components.

Pharmacological action

Capoten is an ACE inhibitor. It suppresses the formation of angiotensin II and eliminates its vasoconstrictive effect on arterial and venous vessels.

The drug reduces peripheral vascular resistance, afterload, lowers blood pressure, and also reduces preload, reduces pressure in the right atrium and pulmonary circulation.

Capoten, the instructions for use confirm this, reduces the production of aldosterone in the adrenal glands.

Peak effectiveness is observed 60-90 minutes after oral administration. The degree of blood pressure reduction is the same in the patient's standing and lying position.

When taken with food, absorption of the drug slows down by 30-40%. The half-life is 2-3 hours. The drug is excreted in the urine up to 50% - unchanged, the rest - in the form of metabolites.

What does Kapoten help with?

Indications for use of the drug include:

• dysfunction of the left ventricle after myocardial infarction in a clinically stable condition;
• chronic heart failure (as part of combination therapy);
• diabetic nephropathy due to type 1 diabetes mellitus (with albuminuria >30 mg per day);
• arterial hypertension, incl. renovascular.

Instructions for use

Capoten is taken orally. The dosage regimen is determined by the indications.

For arterial hypertension, the doctor selects the dose of Capoten individually. The drug must be taken in the minimum effective dose.

The initial dose for mild to moderate hypertension is 12.5 mg 2 times a day, maintenance dose is 25 mg 2 times a day. If necessary, the dose can be increased every 2-4 weeks. The usual effective therapeutic dose is 50 mg 2 times a day.

The initial dose for severe hypertension is 12.5 mg 2 times a day. Gradually daily dose increase to a maximum of 150 mg (3 times a day, 50 mg). When using Capoten simultaneously with other antihypertensive drugs, it is recommended to select the dose individually.

Treatment of heart failure should begin under the supervision of a doctor. As a rule, an initial dose of 6.25 mg 3 times a day maximizes the effect of transient hypotension. The maintenance dose is usually 25 mg 2-3 times a day. If necessary, the dose is increased every 2 weeks (maximum 150 mg).

After a myocardial infarction, the use of Capoten can be started after 3 days. The drug is prescribed at an initial dose of 6.25 mg 3 times a day with a gradual (over several weeks) increase in a single dose to 25 mg. If necessary, the dose can be gradually increased to a maximum of 50 mg 3 times a day.

If symptomatic hypotension develops, a dose reduction may be required.

According to indications, Capoten can be used simultaneously with other drugs, for example, thrombolytics, beta-blockers and acetylsalicylic acid.

The recommended daily dose for diabetic nephropathy is 75-100 mg 2-3 times a day. For patients with insulin-dependent diabetes with microalbuminuria (with albumin excretion of 30-300 mg per day), tablets are prescribed 50 mg 2 times a day. If the total protein clearance is more than 500 mg per day, the drug should be taken 25 mg 3 times a day.

If necessary, simultaneous use with other antihypertensive drugs is possible: beta-blockers, diuretics, vasodilators or centrally acting drugs.

The daily dose of Capoten for moderate or mild degree impaired renal function (with creatinine clearance of at least 30 ml/min/1.73 m²) is 75-100 mg 2-3 times a day. The initial daily dose for severe renal impairment (with creatinine clearance less than 30 ml/min/1.73 m²) is no more than 25 mg (12.5 mg 2 times a day).

If the drug is insufficiently effective, the dose is slowly increased every 7-14 days until the therapeutic effect occurs, but it should be lower than the maximum daily dose (by reducing the single dose or increasing the interval between doses of the drug). If necessary, additional loop diuretics (not thiazide-type diuretics) should be used.

For elderly patients, the dose is selected individually. It is recommended to start therapy with a minimum therapeutic dose, which should not be further increased.

Contraindications

Side effects

• tachycardia;
• dry mouth;
• dry cough (usually disappears after discontinuation of the drug);
• stomatitis;
• drowsiness;
• peripheral edema;
• paresthesia;
• pulmonary edema;
• orthostatic hypotension;
• neutropenia, agranulocytosis, thrombocytopenia, anemia;
• visual impairment;
• taste disturbance;
• diarrhea;
• headache, dizziness;
• hyperkalemia, hyponatremia;
• bronchospasm;
• stomach ache;
• angioedema of the limbs, face, lips, mucous membranes, tongue, pharynx or larynx.

Children, pregnancy and breastfeeding

Contraindicated during pregnancy and lactation. Contraindicated for children under 18 years of age.

Special instructions

In patients with arterial hypertension, when using the drug, severe arterial hypotension is observed only in isolated cases; the likelihood of developing this condition increases with excessive loss of salts and fluids (for example, after intensive care diuretics), in patients on dialysis or in patients with heart failure.

The possibility of a sharp decrease in blood pressure can be minimized if diuretics are discontinued 4-7 days in advance or the sodium chloride intake is increased in advance (7 days in advance). This can also be achieved by prescribing small doses of Capoten (6.25-12.5 mg per day) at the beginning of treatment.

Drug interactions

Capoten may potentiate the hypotensive effect of diuretics. Excessive reduction in blood pressure is possible with strict restriction of intake table salt, hemodialysis and usually occurs within the first hour after taking the first prescribed dose of the drug.

During therapy, vasodilators should be used at the lowest possible effective doses due to the risk of excessive reduction in blood pressure. When combining Capoten and drugs that affect the sympathetic nervous system, caution should be exercised.

Analogues of the drug Kapoten

Analogues are determined by structure:

1. Katopil.
2. Angiopril-25.
3. Blockordil.
4. Vero-Captopril.
5. Epsitron.
6. Alkadil.

Vacation conditions and price

The average price of Capoten (25 mg tablets No. 56) in Moscow is 309 rubles. In Kyiv you can buy medicine for 340 hryvnia, in Kazakhstan - for 1975 tenge. It is difficult to find the drug in Minsk. Dispensed from pharmacies with a prescription.

Most often used in the treatment of hypertension different stages, but also in chronic heart failure, coronary disease heart and diabetic nephropathy.

As is the case with any other medications, every patient wants the fastest possible therapeutic effect after taking it, as well as its long duration. Therefore, the article will discuss the time of how to take Capoten correctly and the duration of action of the drug.

An angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor can reduce the formation of angiotensin II, which arises from angiotensin I. Due to the fact that the content of angiotensin II decreases, the release of aldosterone decreases.

During this process, TPVR (total peripheral vascular resistance), blood pressure (blood pressure), and preload on the heart also decrease. The drug has a greater effect on the dilation of arteries than veins.

Capoten tablets

The hypotensive effect does not depend in any way on active plasma renin, and a decrease in blood pressure is observed both at normal and at reduced concentrations of hormones, which may be explained by the effect on tissue renin-angiotensin systems.

When using this medical product Coronary and renal blood flow increases, and with sufficiently long-term therapy, a process of decreasing the severity of myocardial hypertrophy, as well as the walls of resistive arteries, occurs.

The drug has positive impact on the body and improves blood supply to the ischemic myocardium.

A decrease in blood pressure is not accompanied by reflex tachycardia, and can also lead to a certain decrease in myocardial oxygen demand.

If the patient has heart failure, then taking the drug in an adequate dose will not affect blood pressure in any way.

The maximum therapeutic effect after taking the drug is observed after 60–90 minutes. How long does Capoten last? The duration of action depends on the dosage, the optimal value is achieved after a few days.

Indications for use

The medicine is used for:

• and moderate form of hypertension;
• severe hypertension;
• arterial hypertension;
• chronic heart failure;
• coronary heart disease;
• diabetic nephropathy in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.

Directions for use

Depending on the disease and age category This drug can be used in different ways.

When treating mild or moderate hypertension, taking the drug Capoten alone will not give the desired result, but if it is used as an additive to thiazide diuretics, the treatment will be most effective.

The dose for hypertension is 12.5 milligrams twice a day, and the maintenance dose is 25 milligrams also twice a day.

If the treatment does not have the desired effect at a given dosage, then the dosage can be increased, but not immediately, but gradually, with an interval of 2-4 weeks. Maximum dose is 50 milligrams twice a day.

For severe hypertension, the drug Capoten is taken twice a day, 12.5 milligrams. To achieve a greater effect from treatment, the dose can be increased in stages, but the maximum should not exceed 50 milligrams three times a day.

For severe hypertension, this drug can be used in conjunction with other antihypertensive drugs, but the dose in this case is determined individually. Typically, the daily dose of Capoten does not exceed 150 milligrams.

In case of heart failure, treatment with this drug should be started only under medical supervision.

In this case, the use of Capoten is prescribed only when treatment with a diuretic has failed to relieve symptoms.

The dosage for taking Capoten for heart failure is 6.25 milligrams or 12.5 milligrams.

After the appointment of this product A temporary drop in pressure may occur. This effect depends on the dose of diuretics, and it can be reduced by simply reducing the amount of medication or stopping the dose. Typically, the dosage is 25 milligrams two to three times daily.

This indicator can be increased in stages - once every fourteen days. The maximum allowable dose is 150 milligrams. This drug is used exclusively in combination with a diuretic and, if necessary, digitalis.

For elderly people, the dosage of Capoten is prescribed based on changes in blood pressure, as well as in order to maintain it at the minimum level necessary to achieve maximum results.

In people of this type, very often kidney function may be limited or there may be dysfunction of other organs, so at the very beginning of treatment with this drug it is necessary to take a minimum dose of Capoten.

Children are not recommended to use the drug Capoten for the treatment of hypertension. Therefore, admission is allowed only if the sick child is under careful medical supervision. The starting dose is 0.3 milligrams per kilogram of body weight per day.

The maximum dose is 6 milligrams per kilogram of the child’s weight per day in several doses. It is impossible to name the exact dosage, because it is determined solely individually, depending on the patient’s response to treatment. Distributed in 2-3 doses throughout the day.

If renal function is impaired, Capoten is not recommended for use.

However, if the patient has severe hypertension and impaired renal function, the dosage may be lower in order to ensure adequate control of blood pressure.

The dose may be determined depending on the patient's response to the drug Capoten, but a sufficient amount of time must pass before changing the dosage to further check the response.

You should know that the drug is very easy to remove from the human body using hemodialysis.

Side effects

Side effects due to the use of the drug Capoten can occur in different systems:

• abdominal pain;
• diarrhea;
• tachycardia;
• dry cough;
• orthostatic hypotension;
• pulmonary edema;
• angioedema of the extremities;
• peripheral edema;
• bronchospasm;
• hyponatremia;
• neutropenia;
• agranulocytosis;
• proteinuria;
• anemia;
• thrombocytopenia;
• rash of various shapes;
• dry mouth;
• erythema;
• photosensitivity;
• bullous rashes;
• hepatitis;
• increased body temperature;
• gum hyperplasia;
• rush of blood to the face;
• photosensitivity;
• ataxia;
• visual impairment;
• drowsiness.

Contraindications

The drug is prohibited for use in the following types of diseases:

• liver dysfunction;
• Quincke's edema;
• renal dysfunction;
• pregnancy;
• bilateral stenosis;
• hypersensitivity to the drug or its individual components;
• lactation period;
• stenosis of the aortic mouth.

An antihypertensive drug, the active component of which is, belongs to the group of ACE inhibitors (angiotensin-converting enzyme). It also contains auxiliary compounds that accelerate the breakdown of the drug in the stomach and the absorption of the active substance into the blood.

The mechanism of action is based on the suppression of the production of ACE, necessary for the synthesis of angiotensin II, causing an increase vascular tone and contraction of smooth muscle muscles of their walls. An important role is also played by the inhibition of the production of aldosterone in the adrenal glands, which causes sodium retention in the body and accelerates the excretion of potassium ions. Reducing the content of this hormone also provides a hypotensive effect.

With regular and long-term use of Capoten tablets from high blood pressure do this therapeutic effect:

• Extension arterial vessels(veins have a slight effect).
• Normalization of pressure indicators in the arterial system and maintaining acceptable values.
• Reducing myocardial hypertrophy.
• Inhibition of aldosterone synthesis.
• Reducing the resistance offered by blood vessels to blood flow.
• Improving blood circulation in the cardiac and renal systems.
• Restoring normal strength of heart contractions.
• Decrease in the level of pressure in the pulmonary (pulmonary) circulation.
• Increased cardiac output.

In what cases is it prescribed

Capoten blood pressure tablets are used for the following pathologies:

• Hypertension - in the first two stages of the disease, when the indicators do not exceed 179/109, the drug can independently successfully cope with the problem, prescribed as monotherapy. In severe forms of the disorder and high values parameter is included in complex therapy, used in combination with thiazide diuretics, calcium antagonists and β-blockers.
• A chronic form of heart failure in which cardiac glycosides are ineffective.
• Myocardial infarction - prescribed no earlier than three days after suffering a heart attack.
• Diabetic nephropathy is a disorder of the renal circulation characteristic of type 1 diabetes.
• Angiopathy lower limbs developing as a result of diabetes.

After taking the tablet, it is quickly absorbed in the stomach and intestines. Therapeutic effect appears within ten to fifteen minutes, its maximum severity is observed after an hour to an hour and a half. The medicine lasts for about six hours.

Contraindications

Capoten is not prescribed if the patient has:

• Reduced blood pressure readings.
• Stenosis of the aorta or renal artery.
• Liver and kidney dysfunctions.
• Recent kidney transplant surgery.
• Quincke's edema.
• Hyperkalemia ( increased content potassium).
• Allergic reactions.
• Individual intolerance.
• Pregnancy and lactation.
• The patient is under eighteen years of age.

Side effect

The medicine is not a potent antihypertensive drug and does not cause significant side effects, but in some cases the following may occur:

• A sharp drop in blood pressure.
• Tachycardia.
• Headache and dizziness.
• Swelling of the arms, legs, face.
• Dry cough, bronchial spasm.
• Skin rashes.
• Anemia.
• Diarrhea, intestinal cramps.
• Drowsiness, increased fatigue.
• Ulcers on mucous membranes oral cavity.

How and how much to take?

Required condition maximum efficiency The medication is to take it an hour before meals with about half a glass of cool water. The dose recommended by the doctor should not be exceeded; it is better to take the tablets at a certain time of the day. Do not forget to drink the drug, since it is quickly eliminated from the body, and its absence in the circulating blood significantly increases the likelihood of developing a heart attack and strokes.

The dosage of Capoten for high blood pressure depends on the severity of hypertension and the causes that caused it.

On initial stage hypertension, with slight increases in the indicator, take half a tablet in the morning and evening. In severe cases of the pathology, half a tablet is prescribed three times a day and the dose is gradually increased to two tablets (fifty milligrams) at a time.

For diabetic nephropathy, the daily dose of the drug is three to four tablets, divided into two to three doses. The use of the product begins with half a tablet, after which the dosage is gradually increased.

The treatment course begins with taking half a tablet twice a day; if necessary, the dose is gradually increased, with an interval of two weeks to a month. A quarter of a tablet is prescribed twice, and it is not recommended to increase the dosage.

Emergency assistance

Capoten's ability to provide a rapid hypotensive effect explains its use in cases sharp jumps pressure and . The therapeutic effect is noticeable within fifteen to twenty minutes after administration, and is maximally manifested after about an hour, which makes it possible to reduce the likelihood of developing such serious complications hypertension, like heart attack and stroke.

To achieve it as quickly as possible positive result, the drug is taken sublingually, i.e. under the tongue. At the same time active ingredient is absorbed in the capillary vessels of the oral mucosa, enters the bloodstream and has a therapeutic effect. Certain rules for sublingual administration should be followed:

• The patient should rinse his mouth with water, place the tablet under the tongue and wait until it is completely dissolved.
• During resorption, you should not eat, drink or talk, as you may accidentally swallow the medicine, which will slow down its effect.
• You should not smoke for half an hour before taking it, because nicotine has a constricting effect on the capillaries of the oral cavity, which slows down the absorption of the drug.
• You can drink, eat or rinse your mouth no earlier than five minutes after the tablet has dissolved.
• If the patient has lost consciousness, he is strictly forbidden to put the medicine under the tongue.

The drug Capoten, an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, is widely used in traditional medicine to reduce performance blood pressure.

The hypotensive effect of the drug is achieved thanks to captopril. The latter began to be used to regulate blood pressure back in 1979. The effectiveness of the drug has been tested by time, so these blood pressure pills remain relevant in our time.

Release form of the drug Capoten

As already mentioned, the active substance medication Kapoten is. One tablet contains 25 mg of this component.

Excipients include microcrystalline cellulose, lactose, stearic acid and corn starch.

Pharmacological companies produce Capoten in packages of 14, 28, 40 and 56 tablets.

Mechanism of action of Capoten: pharmacology

As we have already found out, Capoten is a representative of ACE inhibitors, the action of which is aimed at blocking the protein that converts angiotensin I (produced by kidney cells) into angiotensin II. The function of the latter leads to a narrowing of blood vessels, which increases blood pressure. Under the influence of captopril, the concentration of angiotensin II in the body does not increase. As a result, Capoten reduces pressure, reducing the total peripheral vascular resistance.

It is worth noting the fact that the active substance captopril, when entering the patient’s body, does not require additional metamorphoses to exhibit its hypotensive effect. This property allows you to quickly influence the work of angiotensin-converting protein.

Capoten's reception also allows:

About 75% of Capoten is absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. In blood plasma, the maximum concentration of captopril is observed after an hour. When eating at the same time, the absorption of the components of the drug slows down by a third. It binds to blood proteins by 25-30%. The half-life is approximately 3 hours. In renal failure it increases. 95% of Capoten is excreted through the kidneys.

Capoten tablets for hypertension

The main task when prescribing the drug Capoten is to reduce blood pressure if the patient has hypertension. Acute and chronic main effects are observed.

In the first case, a rapid decrease in blood pressure occurs due to a decrease in the concentration of angiotensin II in the blood. There is an accumulation of bradykin and other substances that cause vasodilation. However, after a week, the effect of Capoten may decrease, since a rapid decrease in the amount of angiotensin in the body leads to the fact that the kidneys begin to actively produce substances with a vasoconstrictor effect.

But with a chronic effect, the hypotensive effect occurs due to a decrease in hypertrophic changes in the heart muscle. This case occurs when taking Capoten for blood pressure for several months or years. As the myocardium relaxes, blood pressure returns to normal, and the structure of the vascular walls is restored. There is a reduction in the risk of myocardial infarction.

An increase in the hypotensive effect is observed when interacting with:

Indications for use of the drug Capoten: what are the tablets for?

The medicine boasts a number of advantages over other medications. Capoten is recommended to be included in the therapeutic course for elderly people. The drug does not affect the potency level of men and has antioxidant properties. The tablets reduce the risk of developing cancer and slow down the development of nephropathy (kidney pathology), especially in diabetes mellitus. Studies conducted by international groups of scientists have repeatedly shown that Capoten reduces mortality among patients with heart and vascular diseases.

Capoten tablets are prescribed for:

During treatment with Capoten, a low sodium diet is indicated.

Kapoten: at what pressure to take, instructions

For stage 1 hypertension, when systolic and diastolic pressure is between 140-159 and 90-99 mm Hg. Art. respectively ( light form hypertension), the daily dosage of Capoten is 25 mg (2 times a day, 12.5 mg). The maintenance daily dose is 50 mg per day (2 times a day, 25 mg). If necessary, it is increased every 2-4 weeks. The effective therapeutic dosage is 50 mg 2 times a day. This method of use is also followed for grade 2 hypertension (moderate form), which is characterized by high blood pressure in the range of 160-179/100-109 mm Hg. Art.

When treating stage 3 hypertension (severe form, pressure above 180/110), Capoten is started at 12.5 mg twice a day. Gradually, the daily dose is increased to 150 mg (50 mg three times a day). In the case of concurrent use of antihypertensive drugs, doses are selected individually. The maximum dose per day should not exceed 150 mg of the active substance.

The effect of Capoten is usually observed within 10-20 minutes from the moment of administration. Within 60-90 minutes, the maximum effect is recorded, blood pressure levels should drop to normal. The effect of the drug Capoten lasts up to 6 hours. It is better to take the medicine an hour before meals. The tablet is taken with a sufficient amount of liquid (100 ml).

During a hypertensive crisis, capoten is placed under the tongue to accelerate the hypotensive effect. However, in this case, there is a risk of mucosal burns. Take 25 mg of active ingredient. If within an hour the effect of Capoten is weak, then the medication is repeated. At the same time, the instructions for use for high blood pressure state that oral administration allows for a rapid reduction in blood pressure, as does placing it under the tongue.

Taking Capoten with high blood pressure should be under the supervision of your doctor, which will reduce the risks negative influence drug. Before starting drug therapy, the exact cause of arterial hypertension, the presence of pathologies of the kidneys, liver, cardiovascular systems s.

Kapoten: contraindications and precautions

For the drug Capoten, as for any other antihypertensive drug, contraindications are typical. Blood pressure pills should not be taken if:

Taking Capoten during pregnancy is contraindicated. During the second and third trimesters, it can lead to renal failure, underdevelopment of the lungs, joint contracture and hypoplastic changes in the fetal skull.

Taking Capoten for the treatment of hypertension in children is not recommended. Drug therapy allowed in cases where the patient is under close supervision of a specialist. The daily dosage depends on weight - 0.3 mg per 1 kg of weight.

It is not advisable to combine Capoten with:

If swelling of the lips and face is observed during the treatment period, then Capoten should be discontinued. The patient is prescribed antihistamines. At pronounced violations water-electrolyte balance is corrected. With vascular collagenosis, pressure increases the risk of agranulocytosis and neutropenia.

Side effects during treatment with Capoten

During the course of medication, the patient may encounter orthostatic hypotension, dry mouth, taste disturbance, peripheral edema, tachycardia, bronchospasm, dry cough, pulmonary edema (in severe cases).

In case of renal failure, hyperkalemia is possible, and in the case of the use of diuretics and salt-free diet– hyponatremia.

Rarely, patients may complain of anemia, thrombocytopenia, neutropenia, agranulocytosis, diarrhea, and abdominal pain.

Headaches, drowsiness, rashes accompanied by itching, flushing of the face, visual disturbances, and dizziness may also occur.

What are the symptoms of an overdose of Capoten?

If the recommended dosage is exceeded, the patient may experience the following symptoms:

The result of an overdose is dealt with by gastric lavage before the arrival of doctors. The victim is recommended to take adsorbents, which will prevent the development of a toxic reaction. To increase blood flow to the brain and heart muscle, you need to elevate the patient's legs.

To correct the electrolyte balance, special solutions are introduced. If serious consequences of overdose are observed, hemodialysis is performed. If there is a sharp decrease in blood pressure, Atropine is administered.

Analogues of the drug Capoten: what can be replaced?

The advantages of Capoten, when compared with some analogues, include high bioavailability and rapid accumulation in the body, which contributes to a rapid hypotensive effect. But among the disadvantages of Capoten is the rapid elimination of the medicine, which increases the frequency of taking blood pressure pills during the day.

Kapoten's analogues include:

The most popular analogue of Capoten is Captopril. These drugs are similar both in their effect and in their main active substance. In fact, they differ only in the manufacturer. As practice shows, if Capoten is not suitable for a patient for one reason or another, Captopril helps out.

The answer to the question of what can replace Capoten should be voiced by a specialist after assessing the condition of the patient’s body.

Capoten for pressure: reviews from patients who received it

Valeria, 47 years old

Capoten blood pressure tablets work very well against blood pressure surges. From time to time I come across the fact that systolic pressure rises to 160-170 points. I bought it on the advice of a therapist, and now I keep it in my first aid kit and bag. How to take Capoten with high blood pressure? It's very simple. I put it under my tongue and suck it. After 15 minutes, blood pressure returns to normal. You can reduce it by about 20 points at a time. The diuretic effect of Capoten tablets is weakly expressed; they taste slightly sour. But I can’t say that they are disgusting. I am satisfied with the hypotensive effect, the drug is worth relying on. Kapoten is an ambulance for high blood pressure, tested on myself.

Nadezhda, 45 years old

My husband is hypertensive, so his blood pressure is often higher than normal. When blood pressure reaches approximately 190/140, then Kapoten comes to the rescue. It is enough to take one tablet, if the pressure is 170/120, then drink half. Capoten lowers blood pressure within 10-15 minutes. In our case, it is tolerated without nausea or headaches. The husband is being seen by a doctor; he was prescribed Thrombo ACC and Equator. He takes the first drug constantly, and Equator - in courses. When blood pressure jumps strongly, Capoten lowers the pressure.

Alla, 52 years old

I met Kapoten more than 10 years ago, when a long-term stressful situation caused an exacerbation of VSD and high blood pressure to 140-150/90-100. There were cramps in the fingers when measuring blood pressure with a tonometer. The therapist prescribed Kapoten for high blood pressure. I was recommended to take a course and then take pills only during hypertensive crises. Two months of use did not cure hypertensive attacks. With a single dose, Capoten helped for 30 minutes, but not always. Side effects I didn’t feel any pain from the drug. For a long time I was on Capoten, then switched to Captopril. When I realized that the pressure was not reduced by Capoten, and hypertensive crises were added to panic attacks and stable arrhythmia, I went to a psychiatrist. They prescribed a course of antidepressants Rexetine. Correct positioning course allowed me to heal new life, without crises, VSD, arrhythmias and other chemicals!