Classification of dental caries according to the depth of the lesion. Preparation of Class V cavities according to Black. Classification of caries according to the intensity of the lesion

FAQ

First of all, one that does not hurt the gums during use. At the same time, the quality of oral hygiene depends more on whether the teeth are brushed correctly than on the shape or type of toothbrush. As for electric brushes, for uninformed people they are the preferred option; although you can brush your teeth with a simple (manual) brush. In addition, a toothbrush alone is often not enough - flosses (special dental floss) should be used to clean between the teeth.

Rinses are additional hygiene products that effectively clean the entire oral cavity from harmful bacteria. All these funds can be divided into two large groups - therapeutic and prophylactic and hygienic.

The latter include rinses that eliminate unpleasant odors and promote fresh breath.

As for therapeutic and prophylactic, these include rinses that have anti-plaque / anti-inflammatory / anti-carious effects and help reduce the sensitivity of hard dental tissues. This is achieved due to the presence in the composition of various kinds of biologically active components. Therefore, the rinse must be selected for each individual on an individual basis, as well as toothpaste. And in view of the fact that the product is not washed off with water, it only consolidates the effect of the active components of the paste.

Such cleaning is completely safe for dental tissues and less injures the soft tissues of the oral cavity. The fact is that in dental clinics a special level of ultrasonic vibrations is selected, which affects the density of the stone, disrupts its structure and separates it from the enamel. In addition, in places where tissues are treated with an ultrasonic scaler (this is the name of the device for cleaning teeth), a special cavitation effect occurs (after all, oxygen molecules are released from water droplets, which enter the treatment zone and cool the tip of the instrument). The cell membranes of pathogenic microorganisms are torn by these molecules, causing the microbes to die.

It turns out that ultrasonic cleaning has a complex effect (provided that really high-quality equipment is used) both on the stone and on the microflora as a whole, cleaning it. And you can't say the same about mechanical cleaning. Moreover, ultrasonic cleaning is more pleasant for the patient and takes less time.

According to dentists, dental treatment should be carried out regardless of your position. Moreover, a pregnant woman is recommended to visit a dentist every one or two months, because, as you know, when carrying a baby, the teeth are significantly weakened, they suffer from a deficiency of phosphorus and calcium, and therefore the risk of caries or even tooth loss increases significantly. For the treatment of pregnant women, it is necessary to use harmless anesthesia. The most suitable course of treatment should be selected exclusively by a qualified dentist, who will also prescribe the required preparations that strengthen tooth enamel.

Treating wisdom teeth is quite difficult due to their anatomical structure. However, qualified specialists successfully treat them. Prosthetics of wisdom teeth is recommended when one (or several) neighboring teeth are missing or need to be removed (if you also remove a wisdom tooth, then there will simply be nothing to chew on). In addition, the removal of a wisdom tooth is undesirable if it is located in the correct place in the jaw, has its own antagonist tooth and takes part in the chewing process. You should also take into account the fact that poor-quality treatment can lead to the most serious complications.

Here, of course, much depends on the taste of the person. So, there are absolutely invisible systems attached to the inside of the teeth (known as lingual), and there are also transparent ones. But the most popular are still metal braces with colored metal / elastic ligatures. It's really trendy!

Let's start with the fact that it's just unattractive. If this is not enough for you, we give the following argument - the stone and plaque on the teeth often provoke bad breath. And that's not enough for you? In this case, we move on: if the tartar “grows”, this will inevitably lead to irritation and inflammation of the gums, that is, it will create favorable conditions for periodontitis (a disease in which periodontal pockets form, pus constantly flows out of them, and the teeth themselves become mobile). ). And this is a direct path to the loss of healthy teeth. Moreover, the number of harmful bacteria at the same time increases, due to which there is an increased cariousness of the teeth.

The service life of an accustomed implant will be tens of years. According to statistics, at least 90 percent of implants function perfectly 10 years after installation, while the service life is on average 40 years. Tellingly, this period will depend both on the design of the product and on how carefully the patient takes care of it. That is why it is imperative to use an irrigator during cleaning. In addition, it is necessary to visit the dentist at least once a year. All these measures will significantly reduce the risk of implant loss.

Removal of a tooth cyst can be performed by a therapeutic or surgical method. In the second case, we are talking about the extraction of a tooth with further cleaning of the gums. In addition, there are those modern methods that allow you to save the tooth. This is, first of all, cystectomy - a rather complicated operation, which consists in removing the cyst and the affected root tip. Another method is hemisection, in which the root and a fragment of the tooth above it are removed, after which it (part) is restored with a crown.

As for the therapeutic treatment, it consists in cleaning the cyst through the root canal. It is also a difficult option, especially not always effective. Which method to choose? This will be decided by the doctor together with the patient.

In the first case, professional systems based on carbamide peroxide or hydrogen peroxide are used to change the color of teeth. Obviously, it is better to give preference to professional bleaching.

Caries is a terrible disease. But doctors have developed an effective way to deal with this disease. What is the classification of carious cavities according to Black? Let's consider this question in more detail.

Tooth decay

"Caries" from Latin is translated as "rotting". This is an intricate pathological process, sluggishly flowing in the hard tissues of the tooth. It usually develops as a result of the complex influence of harmful internal and external causes.

At the initial stage of development, caries is determined by the destruction of the organic matrix of enamel and focal demineralization of its inanimate part. Later, the hard tissues of the tooth disintegrate, cavities appear in the dentin. If the patient does not seek medical help for a long time, inflammatory complications from the periodontium and pulp may appear.

First version

What is the Black Classification? This is a grouping of carious formations on the tooth surface. It was introduced in 1896 to determine the standards of healing in each individual clinical case.

This classification includes five classes, each of which has its own scheme for filling and preparing teeth. A little later, a sixth grade was added to this system. Today it looks like this:

• The first class is carious destruction of fissures, pits and natural cavities of the buccal, chewing and palatine dental surfaces (fissure caries).
• The second is damage to the contact surfaces of premolars and molars.
• The third is caries of the contact surface of the canines and incisors, not touching their cutting edges.
• The fourth class is a more intense decay of the incisors and canines, which has touched their cutting edges.
• Fifth - cervical caries. In this case, the vestibular surface of all groups of teeth is destroyed.
• Grade 6 - injuries located on the cutting edges of canines and incisors, tubercles of premolars and molars.

Second version

Black's classification according to the localization of caries is presented in several versions. The second modification looks like this:

• The first class includes damage in the area of ​​fissures (natural furrows).
• The second is caries that appeared on the planes of large and small molars.
• The third is the decomposition of the contact edges of the canines and incisors with preserved cutting edges.
• Fourth - caries of the connecting planes of incisors and canines with broken cutting edges.
• The fifth includes cervical lesions.

Third version

The Black classification is famous for its third version. Today it looks like this:

• The first class includes damage in the area of ​​natural depressions of teeth and fissures.
• The second is the depressions that appeared on the contact faces of small and large molars.
• The third class is cavities located on the contact surfaces of canines and incisors (the cutting edge is not affected).
• Fourth - notches that appeared on the connecting planes of the canines and incisors (the cutting edge and corners are affected).
• Fifth - cavities formed in the region of the necks of all categories of teeth.
• Later, the sixth class was created, to which recesses of atypical concentration were assigned: mounds of chewing and cutting edges of the frontal teeth.

WHO

So, we found out what the Black classification of cavities is. WHO offers its own triage. According to ICD 10, it has the following form:

• decay of tooth enamel;
• dentin damage;
• destruction of cement;
• decomposition that has stopped as a result of the influence of preventive and hygienic sessions on it;
• odontoclasia, characterized by the disappearance of the roots of milk teeth;
• another decomposition;
• unspecified decay.

Depth of defeat

In fact, the Black classification has found its application all over the world. According to the degree of destruction, caries is divided into the following stages:

• initial decomposition;
• surface destruction;
• caries average;
• deep decay.

At the initial stage of development of caries, a dark or white spot forms on the surface of the tooth. Nevertheless, the enamel here has a smooth surface, since there is no anatomical destruction yet. The resulting stain is removed by doctors using dental equipment. They remineralize the teeth in an attempt to prevent further development of the disease.

At the next stage, the upper layers of enamel are destroyed, a reaction appears to a sharp change in the temperature of water and food, as well as sour and spicy foods. The edges of the teeth become rough. At this point, doctors grind the affected area and then remineralize it. Sometimes superficial caries is treated with preparation and filling.

Agree, the classification of defects in hard tissues of teeth according to Black is a great help for dentists. And what is the average caries? In this phase, the enamel layer of the tooth is so destroyed that constant or intermittent pain occurs. In this case, the decomposition process has already reached the upper layers of the dentin.

It is not surprising that the teeth require mandatory medical intervention, during which the doctor removes the affected area and restores it with the help of filling material.

Now consider deep caries. This disease is characterized by an impressive destruction of dental tissues, which has already affected most of the dentin. If treatment is ignored at this stage, the pulp may be destroyed. As a result, the patient may develop pulpitis or periodontitis.

Cavity preparation. Disclosure

Black's classification formed the basis of dental treatment. Cavity preparation is performed in five stages. Let's study the basic rules using the example of the first class cavities proposed by the famous doctor.

At the initial stage, the cavity is opened. Tooth preparation begins with the removal of undermined enamel edges that do not have healthy, dense dentin under them. The result is sheer walls. The amount of excised tissues is set here by determining the focus of dentin decomposition. At this stage, the doctor must provide access for a good overview of the cavity and its further processing.

Opening doctors produce spherical or fissure burs made of diamond or hard alloys. The diameter of the tools corresponds to the size of the recess inlet. Specialists use turbine tips rotating at high speed and water-air cooling.

Extension

The Black classification of cavities has been used for a long time and is of great help to dentists in their work. What is a prophylactic extension? At this stage, the identification of a carious depression continues. With this action, the doctor tries to prevent the occurrence of recurrent tooth decay. The specialist outlines the outer final outlines of the cavity.

It should be noted that, in accordance with the method of "biological rationality" of I. G. Lukomsky, this step is not carried out when preparing recesses.

If the doctor is guided by Black's safety reaming technology, he makes a radical excision of areas susceptible to putrefaction, down to immune areas. In this case, the expansion of the carious depression is performed with cone-shaped or fissure burs (carbide or diamond). At the same time water-air cooling is used.

Black's classification of teeth provides for preventive filling, which reduces the loss of healthy dental tissues on the occlusal plane. If all decomposed tissue is removed in the region of the carious cavity, then the fissures are excised only within the limits of the enamel. The bottom of the recess in this case has a non-classical shape - rounded or stepped.

When opening fissures, the doctor does not remove a large amount of tissue: it is enough for him to make a groove 1-1.5 mm deep and 0.7-0.8 mm wide, without going beyond the borders of the enamel. He also avoids creating sharp corners.

In our country, as a rule, cylindrical narrow burs are used for excision of fissures (fissurotomy). Sometimes this operation is performed with spear-shaped and flame-shaped drills.

necrectomy

The next step is the removal of caries - necrectomy. The doctor completely removes the softened and pigmented dentin from the carious depression. The zone of destruction and demineralization, from a morphological point of view, is being liquidated at this stage. The margins of the notch are created in the area of ​​intact transparent dentin.

Formation

Next, the doctor gives the carious cavity a shape that contributes to the reliable fixing of the seal. It should provide the healed tooth with sufficient resistance and strength under functional loads. At this stage, the final internal and external outlines of the cavity are formed.

The recess is created by fissure, flame-shaped, cone-shaped and pear-shaped burs (carbide and diamond) with mandatory water-air cooling. The specialist makes the turbine handpiece rotate at high speed. The necessary shape of the notch is obtained taking into account resistance and retention.

Finishing

After processing with carbide or diamond burs, the enamel on the edge of the recess becomes curved, it is weakened, its prisms have lost contact with the lower tissues. In the future, this may contribute to a change in the fixation of the seal and the development of putrefactive processes. These nuances dictate the need for finishing - the final processing of the edges of the cavity, as a result of which the damaged areas of enamel must be eliminated.

As a result, the doctor achieves the best interaction and reliable marginal fit between the dental tissues and the filling. This operation is carried out with 16- and 32-sided finishers or fine-grained diamond heads.

Doctors work with drills at low speed without pressure with mandatory water-air cooling. They also finish the edges of the cavity with gum trimmers and enamel knives, removing the thin outer layer of the tooth and eliminating the possible negative effects of overheating, vibration and other factors on it.

As you can see, dental treatment is a rather complicated process, but if you seek help from a doctor in time, you can maintain a Hollywood smile for many years.

Classification by localization

The American scientist Black proposed a classification of carious cavities according to localization:

1 option

Classes of dental caries according to Black:
Class I - cavities in the area of ​​fissures and natural depressions.
Class II - cavities on the contact surfaces of molars and premolars.
Class III - cavities on the contact surfaces of incisors and canines without breaking the cutting edge.
Class IV - cavities on the contact surfaces of incisors and canines with a violation of the cutting edge and corners of the crown.
Class V - cavities on the labial, buccal, lingual surfaces located in the gingival part of the tooth crown.
Class VI - cavities located on the tops of the tubercles of molars and premolars, as well as on the cutting edges of incisors and canines.

Option 2

Classification of caries according to the location of the carious cavity (according to Black):

Class I - caries in the area of ​​fissures (natural furrows);

Class II - caries of the contact surfaces of large and small molars;

Class III - caries of the contact surfaces of the incisors and canines while maintaining the cutting edges;

Class IV - caries of the contact surfaces of the incisors and canines in violation of the cutting edges;

Class V - cervical caries.

• I class- cavities in the area of ​​fissures and natural depressions of the teeth.
• II class- cavities located on the contact surfaces of small and large molars.
• III class- cavities located on the contact surfaces of incisors and canines without involving the cutting edge.
• IV class- cavities located on the contact surfaces of incisors and canines with the involvement of the cutting edge and corners.
• V class- cavities in the area of ​​the necks of all groups of teeth.
• Later it was also singled out VI class- cavities of atypical localization: cutting edges of the frontal and mounds of chewing teeth.

Let's touch on the topic of the classification of caries according to Black with a visual demonstration of the destructive processes in detail in the pictures. And although it was created more than a hundred years ago, many dentists still use it today to clarify the diagnosis and determine therapeutic measures to eliminate the disease.

Damage to teeth by caries is a process of destruction of the structure of hard tissue, its demineralization, which results in the formation of free cavities. And if pathogenic bacteria are not eliminated in time, this will lead to complete loss of the tooth and other unpleasant consequences.

Since caries is considered the most common dental disease, and its treatment requires the targeted actions of a doctor, it is not surprising that dentists have long been trying to simplify the process of diagnosing a disease. This is necessary to determine what actions should be taken for successful treatment.

To date, it is not difficult to eliminate caries and completely restore the destroyed part of the tooth. And the sooner you see a doctor, the easier it is to completely get rid of the problem with the least use of tools and auxiliary medicines. It is possible even with significant carious cavities to restore the functionality of the row and maintain a healthy smile.

Black caries classes have existed since 1896 and were developed by an American dentist to simplify his work. For a long period, it was the main classification used around the world, but some doctors tried to develop and supplement it for a more complete picture, since it does not cover absolutely all clinical cases. And it succeeded in part.

So, in the classical system created by Dr. Black, there were only five classes of caries distribution. And for a hundred years, scientists were able to add only one - the sixth, which is still used quite rarely. Let's describe them in more detail.

1 class

It is characterized by processes of demineralization in the area of ​​fissures, blind fossae and furrows between tubercles. The occlusal, lingual and occlusal-buccal areas of the tooth are affected. In this case, both molars and premolars, as well as frontal incisors, can suffer.

Grade 2

Several enamel surfaces are exposed to carious destruction at once. Moreover, pathological processes affect the proximal areas and spread more often along the lateral chewing units. Due to the disease in the contact zone, several adjacent teeth are affected at once.

3rd grade

The problem is concentrated on the anterior elements - incisors and canines, affecting the proximal surfaces. But in this case, the cutting edge of the tooth does not change, its integrity and functionality are preserved.

In addition to the anterior surface, the lateral as well as the cutting edge of the incisors are also affected. The disease becomes more complicated and leads to the rapid destruction of the whole tooth.

5th grade

It is called cervical caries and is characterized by damage to the corresponding section of the unit. The demineralizing process affects the root region, which is quite difficult to treat. All elements of the dentition can be exposed to such a disease.

6th grade

It was not described by Black, but became part of this scheme through the work of other scientists and doctors. It is determined in cases of carious lesions of only the cutting edge of any tooth (incisor, molar or premolar).

Other classification systems

European doctors and our domestic ones prefer other diagnostic criteria, as they consider them more convenient and easy to use. We list the main ones that help determine the desired area of ​​​​the tooth for processing, the complexity and methods of treatment.

Depth of damage

In this system, the following stages of carious disease are distinguished:

1. The stain stage is a slight destruction of the enamel, in which pathogenic bacteria act only on the protective layer of hard tissues.
2. - becomes noticeable during visual inspection, but its depth is not very large and does not reach the dentin.
3. - this is already a rather deep tissue lesion, in which their structure is disturbed. Dentin and enamel are affected, but the pathology does not cause painful sensations, since it is far from the pulp.
4. - a more serious lesion, in which there is still no pulpitis and other complications, but pathogenic bacteria are already quite close to the dental nerve and, if left untreated, will lead to severe pain and the development of other concomitant diseases.

If you leave this process without attention, then in addition to caries and possible tooth extraction, you may also encounter the need to treat pulpitis, periodontitis and other pathologies.

For an even more simplified diagnostic scheme, caries can be defined as a process of demineralization of hard tissues at the level of:

• enamels;
• dentin;
• cement;
• or in the stage of suspended pathology of the dental element.

Downstream

Depending on the rate of occurrence of destructive phenomena, we can talk about:

• fast carious process;
• slow;
• or stabilized, when after the treatment it was possible to stop the spread of bacteria.

It is useful for the doctor to determine the intensity of the disease:

1. When pathology affects only a single element in a row.
2. With multiple lesions in several areas.
3. Or systemic caries that has spread to all surfaces of hard tissues in the mouth.

The development of the pathological process can take place in the following forms:

• simple - when caries can be detected and treated even before damage to neighboring organs, tissues and systems;
• with complications - if a person went to the doctor too late and in addition to carious cavities in the teeth, other inflammatory or infectious processes in soft tissues, pulpitis, etc. are also found.

Video: preparation of carious cavities according to Black.

By order of appearance

To select adequate therapeutic measures, it is important for a specialist to find out the cause of caries formation, as well as other features. In this case, they talk about its varieties:

• primary - when pathogenic bacteria appeared for the first time in a certain tooth area;
• secondary - even after filling, the disease continues to spread through hard tissues, more often it forms directly around the artificial material;
• manifestations of relapse - with insufficient quality treatment, further tooth destruction occurs.

Of course, these are not all classifications of carious lesions available today. But for the doctor, the most important thing is to make the correct diagnosis, assess the condition of the patient's hard and soft tissues, the intensity of the lesion, and also choose the appropriate way to eliminate pathogenic microorganisms from all surfaces.

Only with adequate treatment and targeted actions of a specialist can we talk about the complete elimination of the problem. After all, if you leave at least a small untreated area, then this will lead to the development of pathology and deterioration of the condition of the tooth, and in the future, its loss.

In advanced cases, the disease leads to other unpleasant consequences. So, if bacteria affect the nerve, then the complication of caries will be called pulpitis. And when the infection spreads to soft tissues, the destructive processes will end with periodontitis and other gum diseases.

carious lesion starts enamel demineralization with the subsequent penetration of pathological processes into internal tissues, the destructive changes of which lead to the formation of an internal cavity.

During a dental examination, the doctor assesses the condition and extent of the lesion, focusing on the typification systems adopted in practice.

According to the intensity of the injury

Taking into account the number of teeth affected by pathology, the following forms are distinguished:

1. individual tooth- pathological foci are located within one tooth
2. multiple- defects are formed on several teeth against the background of reduced immunity or recurrence of the disease in the chronic stage.

Clinical or topographic classification of caries

Clinicians often operate on grounds that take into account the degree of penetration of pathological destruction inside.

According to this clinical (topographic) system distinguish caries:

1. elementary- the appearance of a stain on the enamel, which is also distinguished by color (non-pigmented white, gray, light shades of a yellow-brown palette, brown, black);
2. surface- demineralization and destruction of enamel;
3. average- carious cavity affects the dentin;
4. deep- the base of the cavity is located in close proximity to the nerve.

Reference. Concepts in pediatric dentistry "deep caries" does not exist. This is due to the specifics of the structure of the temporary occlusion - when carious pathology penetrates deep into the tooth, they put diagnosis of chronic pulpitis.

By the nature of the flow

The rate of spread of carious foci in the mouth allows us to distinguish the following forms of pathology:

1. spicy- the occurrence of defects at the same time on two and more teeth;
2. chronic- prolonged destruction with darkening of the cavity and surrounding areas;
3. blooming (sharpest)- metamorphoses on different teeth and in places atypical for carious lesions;
4. recurrent- formations under fillings or near them.

Attention! Acute and chronic processes can pass one into another, taking into account the general condition of the body, the recurrence of other diseases, which makes diagnosis difficult.

According to ICD-10 according to WHO

The World Health Organization operates with an international classifier of diseases, according to which this dental pathology is the following forms:

1. enamel caries- pathology affects the outer layer;
2. dentine- destruction is diagnosed below the border of the enamel;
3. cement— the cavity is localized in close proximity to the pulp;
4. odontoclasia- destruction of the roots of the temporary occlusion;
5. paused;
6. another;
7. unspecified.

Important! Exactly this classification underlies the determination of the tactics of subsequent treatment and cavity filling.

Classification according to Black

This system evaluates the topographic location carious formations:

1. 1st class- chewing, buccal or palatal surface of molars;
2. 2nd- lateral surfaces of molars;
3. 3rd- side surfaces of the front elements without changing the cutting surface;
4. 4th- in case of violation of the cutting surface of the central and lateral incisors or canines;
5. 5th- carious cavity in the cervical area.

Photo 1. The picture shows Dr. Green Vardimar Black, the founder of modern dentistry and the creator of the widely used classification of dental caries.

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Depth of damage

Estimation of the intensity of destruction allows us to identify personal plan medical and preventive procedures. According to this classification, the following pathological forms:

1. very weak- defeat of fissures of molars;
2. weak- pronounced pathology of the surfaces of the closure of the molars;
3. average- not only chewing, but also lateral surfaces suffer;
4. heavy (extensive)- the process affects the cutting edge of the front teeth;
5. very heavy- pathological metamorphoses in the cervical region.

According to the presence of complications

Taking into account the depth of penetration of destructive processes secrete caries:

• uncomplicated- simple form, without affecting the internal soft tissues;
• complicated- inflammatory processes affect the pulp and / or soft tissues surrounding the tooth with the development of the following diseases: pulpitis, periodontitis, granuloma, flux, phlegmon, osteomyelitis.

Important! At timely treatment forecast will favorable otherwise, complications lead to loss or complete destruction of teeth, intoxication of the body.

By degree of activity

When calculating the caries activity index, the number of affected, sealed and extracted teeth in the oral cavity is taken into account. This indicator highlights the following forms of the disease:

1. compensated- single stained carious formations with dense tissues of the walls and base;
2. subcompensated- partial pigmentation of dentin;
3. decompensated- multiple localization of light carious cavities with soft tissues of the walls and base.

By process localization

The formation of plaques occurs first in those areas where it is more difficult for a toothbrush and saliva to reach, which leads to accumulation of food particles And cellular decay products.

A favorable environment for the vital activity of cariogenic bacteria develops in the following areas:

1. fissures- natural depressions on the surface of the closure of molars;
2. contact (side) sides - between adjacent teeth;
3. cervical area- the place of transition of the crown to the root, especially when this part is exposed.

Reference. For temporary teeth, ring lesion cervical area, which allows you to select a separate form of ring (circular) caries.

Classification of caries according to MMSI

IN Moscow Medical Dental Institute was developed own system dental pathology, taking into account the shape, localization, rate of formation and intensity of development of the cavity inside the tooth.

Clinical forms

The pigmentation of the stain on the enamel and the depth of penetration of the carious defect are taken into account.

Spot stage:

1. progressive- a plaque of white and yellow color;
2. intermittent- spots of a yellow-brown palette;
3. paused- dark brown markings.

carious defect:

1. surface- destruction of enamel;
2. dentine caries- the lesion affects the enamel and the dentin located under it;
3. caries cement- destructive metamorphoses pass to the tissues in the root area.

Photo 2. The left photograph shows dentine caries with decayed enamel from above. On the right in the figure is a similar lesion, but only from the inside.

By localization

Spots with the subsequent formation of a cavity are diagnosed in certain places of the tooth, which allows you to highlight such forms:

1. fissure- on the closure surface in natural depressions (fissures);
2. contact- on the lateral surfaces between adjacent teeth;
3. cervical- the area of ​​transition of the crown to the root closer to the gum.

Useful video

Check out the video, which will demonstrate the main symptoms of caries and its classification.

Oral hygiene is the main assistant in the prevention of caries

By using existing classification systems of a carious lesion, the dentist determines the depth of changes and the nature of the course of the process. It is equally important to establish cause of the defect.

So, the presence of bad habits or the anatomical specificity of the structure of the teeth requires different approaches and preventive recommendations.

One one of the most popular reasons that provoke the reproduction and vigorous activity of cariogenic bacteria is poor hygiene practices oral cavity.

Themselves hygienic rules simple and easy to perform:

1. mouthwash after each meal;
2. affecting during morning and evening purges not only teeth but also language, buccal surface;
3. selection of dental brushes, taking into account the age and sensitivity of the gums;
4. regularity performing hygiene procedures;
5. usage dental floss.

Eliminate the cause the occurrence of caries easier than to carry out subsequent medical procedures.