19.11.2020

Scientific research practice report. Successfully defend the results of research practice with a supervisor within the prescribed period. · to motivate each employee to achieve goals determined by the bank's strategy

Introduction
1. The concept of marriage and family relations
2. Dynamics of marriage norms and family formation
3. Study of family and marriage orientations and attitudes in modern Russia
4. Clarification of the object
5. Clarification of conditions
6. Description of methods
List of sources used

Introduction

Relevance. Family and marital relations are of particular interest to researchers, since the family is one of the fundamental institutions of society, giving it stability and the ability to replenish the population in each next generation. The state of the family is both a consequence and a cause of a number of processes occurring in modern society. She not only experiences the powerful influence of all operating factors
social dynamics, but in many ways these factors themselves determine and reproduce.

Modern research in the field of family indicates the presence of many negative trends in its development. There is an intensification of such negative processes as: degradation of the family way of life, the spread of alternative forms of marriage and family relations, decline in family prestige, the need to have children, an increase in the number of divorces, etc. Researchers agree in their opinions that these processes indicate changing family orientations and values in modern society.

The relevance of this topic is associated with the enormous importance of the institution of family in society. The study of family and marital attitudes is necessary to identify the characteristics of family functioning in modern conditions. The most important social function of the modern family is the education of the future family man, that is, the preparation of the younger generation for marriage and family relations. Therefore, in considering the dynamics of family orientations in modern society, a special place is occupied by the study of the family attitudes of young people, attitudes towards family and family values, since they play an important role in replacing outgoing generations and reproducing the socio-demographic structure of society. The concept of youth is understood as a special socio-demographic group experiencing a period of formation of social maturity, the position of which is determined by the socio-economic state of society. Trends and prospects for the development of the younger generation are of great interest and practical importance to society, primarily because they determine its future.

The development of modern Russian society cannot be imagined without stable family relationships, which largely depend on the stability of society and on the social policy pursued by the state in relation to the family. The problem of studying the marriage and family attitudes of modern youth is very relevant, given the important role of youth in the reproduction of the socio-demographic structure of the country. The processes of industrialization and globalization, characteristic of the modern stage of development of society, changes in systems of social roles, generally accepted norms, values and attitudes have affected all social institutions, including the family. In recent decades, family relationships have been changing under the influence of numerous intra-family and external social factors that lead to the transformation of value orientations and views on marriage and family among young people.

The family is the primary unit of the social community of people, built on marriage or consanguinity, as well as one of the most ancient social institutions. The family is a complex social phenomenon that combines all the diversity of forms of social relations and processes. No other social entity can satisfy as many diverse human, individual and social needs as the family. It represents a social group that leaves its mark on a person’s entire life. It is in the family that a person first becomes acquainted with the world, the rules and norms that exist in it; it is the family that gives him direct knowledge about life in general, its ideals and values. In addition, the modern family is characterized by a fairly impressive percentage of divorces and an increase in the number of cohabitations, which are becoming increasingly popular among young people. Internal changes include an ever-increasing increase in individual needs in the hierarchy of life values of the spouses; increasing the value of partnerships in marriage; weakening the differences between male and female roles, both in the family and outside it; strengthening of the tendency towards a nuclear family and, as a consequence, weakening of family ties.

Purpose of the study. To determine the attitude of young people towards the family and their readiness to start a family.

Hypothesis: Young people’s ideas about marriage and family relations are connected with their ideas about love and sympathy, family roles, and are also connected with their value orientations, which are destructive in nature.

Research objectives:
1) Identify the value orientations of young people;
2) Determine the readiness of young people to start a family;
3) Identify personal factors influencing the desire to get married;
4) Identify the obstacles facing young couples when starting a family;
5) Factors influencing opinions regarding the family.

Subject of study: Ideas about marriage and family relations among young people: about love and sympathy; family roles and value orientations.

Object of study: 75 subjects aged 18-30 years with different experiences of family relationships.

Psychodiagnostic techniques: Scale of love and sympathy (author Z. Rubin, modification by L.Ya. Gozman and Yu.E. Aleshina);

Rokeach’s “Value Orientations” method;

Family roles and family role distribution questionnaire

(Yu.E. Aleshina, L.Ya. Gozman, E.M. Dubovskaya).

Research methods: observation, conversation and questioning.

1. The concept of marriage and family relations

The concept of family differs among different nations. Its significant changes occurred at different periods of human history. The protection of family relationships is regulated by many branches of law, which interpret the concept of “family” differently. There is no uniform definition of family in monographic studies. A family is a small group based on marriage or consanguinity, whose members are connected by a common life, mutual assistance, moral and legal responsibility [Ozhegov, S.I. Dictionary of the Russian language / S.I. Ozhegov. – M., 2007., p.515-516]. S.I. Ozhegov defines a family as a group of relatives living together. At the same time, a family, people living together, their household, as well as an apartment, are a home. Everything that relates to home, family and private life is considered domestic [Fundamentals of juvenile law: textbook. allowance. – Voronezh, 2006. – T. 1., p. 58, 194]. According to L.A. Kolpakova, a family is a social group whose members are united by legal or actual marital relations, relationships of kinship or property, mutual rights and obligations arising from family legal relations, a common life and emotional and psychological connections [Kolpakova, L. A. Domestic violence: Victimological aspect, differentiation of responsibility and issues of legislative technology: abstract. diss. ...cand. legal Sci. 12.00.05 / Kolpakova Lyudmila Aleksandrovna. – Yaroslavl, 2007. – 17 p.].

G.F. Shershenevich pointed out: “A family is the permanent cohabitation of a husband, wife and children, that is, it is a union of persons related by marriage and persons descended from them” [Shershenevich G.F. c. 259]. With all this, he especially emphasized that “the physical and moral structure of the family is created in addition to law... The legal aspect is necessary and appropriate in the field of property relations of family members” [Shershenevich G.F. c. 259]. The Russian philosopher N. Berdyaev defined the essence of the family in the fact that it “has always been, is and will be a positivist worldly institution of improvement, a biological and social ordering of the life of the clan” [Berdyaev, N. p. 257].

Sociologist A. G. Kharchev believes that the family can be defined as a historically specific system of relationships between spouses, between parents and children, as a small social group whose members are connected by marriage or kinship relationships, a common life and mutual moral responsibility, the social necessity of which is determined by the need society in the physical and spiritual reproduction of the population [Kharchev, A.G. Marriage and family in the USSR / A.G. Kharchev. – M, 2010., p. 75].

When we talk about the most important social institutions, we name the family among the first. The family is the main institution of human society. In turn, the institution of family includes many more private institutions, namely: the institution of marriage, the institution of kinship, the institution of motherhood and paternity, the institution of property, the institution of social protection of childhood and guardianship, and others.

Marriage is an institution that regulates relations between the sexes. In society, sexual relations are regulated by a set of cultural norms. Of course, sexual relations can occur outside of marriage, and marriage itself can exist without them. However, it is marriage in human society that is considered the only acceptable, socially approved and legally enshrined form of not only permitted, but obligatory sexual relations between spouses.

Thus, we can conclude that marriage and family relations are specific social relations, which presuppose the existence of certain features of their development.

The most important functions of family and marriage include the following:

1) population reproduction – physical and spiritual-moral reproduction of a person in a family;

2) educational function - socialization of the younger generation, maintaining the cultural reproduction of society;

3) household - maintaining the physical health of members of society, caring for children and elderly family members;

4) economic – obtaining material resources from some family members for others, economic support for minors and disabled members of society;

5) the function of spiritual communication – development of the personalities of family members, spiritual mutual enrichment;

6) social-status – providing a certain status to family members, reproduction of the social structure;

7) leisure – organization of rational leisure, mutual enrichment of interests;

8) emotional – receiving psychological protection, emotional support, emotional stabilization of individuals and their psychological therapy;

9) the function of primary social control is the moral regulation of the behavior of family members in various spheres of life, as well as the regulation of responsibilities and obligations in relations between spouses, parents and children.

2. Dynamics of marriage norms and family formation

The family and marriage sphere is regulated and governed by one or another value-normative system of its subjects and objects. The subjective factors of this type of interpersonal interaction include a marriage and family attitude, including an attitude towards marriage, the birth of children, a gender-role attitude, and family values. Scientists divide this kind of social attitude into three types: egocentric, sociocentric, traditional. Despite the fact that the age cycle of life from 17 to 23 years is predominantly characterized by the positioning of family as a value, it becomes clear, according to many sociological studies of the last decade, that family lifestyle is not a priority in the personal value-normative systems of student youth.

In addition, gender role attitudes towards family life change significantly. If in Soviet times girls were predominantly sociocentrically oriented in this area, that is, towards cooperation with a man, fulfilling maternal duty, responsibility for the family team, then in recent years there has been an immoral reorientation towards egocentric attitudes: an open pursuit of pleasure, having few children, a tolerant attitude to the dissolution of marriages, abortions, etc. At the same time, scientists have also recorded purely socio-psychological differences in the value orientations of modern students at Russian universities, so young men expect emotional and entertainment benefits from marriage, while girls still hope more to receive communicative comfort in it and psychological comfort.

“The decline in marriage rates has occurred since the early 1990s. So, if in 1980 there were 10.6 marriages per thousand population, in 1990 - 8.9, in 1996 - 5.9, in 2000 - 6.2, then in 2006 - 7.8. In the new economic and sociocultural conditions of post-Soviet Russia, the institution of marriage and attitudes towards it inevitably changed.”

Having dropped to a minimum of 849 thousand in 1998, the number of registered marriages subsequently grew, increasing in 2011 to 1316 thousand. Deviations from the growth trend were observed in 2004 and 2008. In general, during the period 1998-2011, the number of marriages increased by 55%. However, in 2012, fewer marriages were registered than in 2011 (1213.6 thousand versus 1316.0 thousand).

The reasons why people are not ready to get married may be: fear of divorce and the associated emotional, economic and legal consequences. Many are also afraid of the social problems that follow a divorce - what relatives, friends, and colleagues will think and say. In some cases, divorce is also unacceptable for religious and national-cultural reasons.

There is also the problem of unregistered marriages. “People who are connected by intimacy and affection live together and run a joint household, but are in no hurry to formalize their relationship legally, at least until the birth of a child. Cohabiting couples examine their relationship before entering into marriage and co-ownership relationships.” EAT. Gurko calls such relationships “trial marriages” [Gurko, T.A. Marriage and parenthood in Russia / T.A. Gurko. – M.: Institute of Sociology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2008. – 325 p.].

3. Study of family and marriage orientations and attitudes in modern Russia

Modern changes taking place in the socio-political and economic life of Russia permeate all spheres of activity and cannot but affect the processes of formation of value priorities of society, social groups and individuals. The transformation of Russian society undertaken in the 90s of the 20th century is associated with radical changes in social processes, social structure and life value systems. The social sciences were faced with the task of recording and explaining the ongoing processes in the social structure of life and in the value orientations of the individual. At the same time, the issues of forming the value orientations of younger generations in the processes of socialization and social education, especially the difficulties in forming among young people the moral basis of the hierarchy of values, become especially relevant. A number of social problems related to the change in the social system in the country and the sharp stratification of society (deterioration of healthcare and public health due to drug addiction, alcoholism; increase in indicators of social pathology and deviant behavior, social orphanhood and neglect, increase in general and juvenile crime, etc. .d.). Along with these problems, according to many researchers, a crisis arises in the basic institution of socialization - the family.

In recent decades, negative trends in marriage and family relations among young people have been clearly visible: the moral and psychological climate in youth families is deteriorating; the number of divorces and the number of single mothers is growing; moral and sexual standards of young people are deteriorating; there is a denial by the majority of young families, including student families, of the principles of cohabitation of the older generation; there is a predominance of professional and career values over family values; There is a proliferation of various forms of marriage: legally registered, guest marriage, remarriage, de facto marriage, group marriage, etc. T. A. Dolbik-Vorobey especially emphasizes that over the past decades, young people have seen a growing positive attitude towards premarital relationships.

Sociological studies conducted at the end of the 20th century show that this form of marriage, such as cohabitation, is becoming more and more widespread among students every year (although legally registered marriages still remain a priority in student circles). In contrast to the opinion of the majority of students in an open marriage, who believe that premarital cohabitation is the best form of recognizing a person in everyday life and adapting to each other, it has been scientifically proven that extra-family experience can complicate the transition from concentrating on one’s own affairs to taking into account the needs and desires of others family members, especially children. Cohabitation is not a system that successfully prepares future spouses for marriage, since the lack of commitment in a non-family household can lead to their absence from marriage.

Throughout its history, the family has gone through and continues to go through global processes of change. In modern science, there is increasing interest in the study of family and marriage relationships. This is largely due to the fact that modern changes in the family are enormous in their historical consequences.

There are different points of view about the changes taking place in the institutions of family and marriage. According to the functionalist approach, the current state and dynamics of family and marriage are regarded as crisis, decline, destruction, degradation. Supporters of the evolutionist approach are convinced that family and marriage develop in line with general evolutionary processes. An interesting point of view is the point of view of A.I. Antonov, who believes that the institution of the family exists not because it performs functions vital for the existence of society, but because “marriage, birth, maintenance and upbringing of children correspond to some deeply personal the needs of millions of people. Apparently, it is the weakening and extinction of these personal motives and desires that most clearly reveals the crisis of the family as a social institution and, in this sense, the crisis of society itself. On the other hand, facts of failure to fulfill the basic functions of the family, recorded by statistics and data from social, including sociological studies, may not indicate a family crisis if the process of family disorganization does not affect family values and is not associated with a devaluation of the value of children and the value of parenthood" [ Antonov A.I., Medkov V.M. Sociology of the family. M.: Publishing house of Moscow State University: Publishing house of the International University of Business and Management (“Brothers Karich”), 1996., p. 110].

4. Clarification of the object

The study involved 50 subjects aged 18-30 years with various years of experience and experience in family relationships, who are students of different courses and faculties of the higher educational institution ISPiP.

5. Clarification of conditions

The study was conducted in group form in a specially equipped classroom in the afternoon. At the first stage of the study, motivation was formed, which consists of feedback for each subject. At the second stage - drawing up a set of methods for conducting the study, selecting experimental groups: Group I - officially married persons;
Group II – these are persons living in a civil marriage (cohabitation);
Group III are single (free) people who do not currently have a spouse. The third stage of the study is conducting the empirical part of the study, processing the research results. The fourth stage is summing up the results of the study.

6. Description of methods

Let's consider the methods used for the study.

The questionnaire is designed to determine what predominates in a relationship: love or sympathy.

In particular, three components of love seemed important to measure: affection, caring, and the degree of intimacy of the relationship.
The sympathy scale records: the degree of respect, the degree of admiration and the degree of perceived similarity of the object of evaluation with the respondent.

The final version of the methodology, adapted by L.Ya. Gozman and Yu.E. Aleshina, included 14 points.

The scores on each scale are summed up.
Final scores can vary from 7 to 28 points.
Calculating the total score on both scales gives the overall level of emotional relationships in the dyad (from 14 to 56 points).

Upon completion of the master's degree, the student is required to undergo a research internship. This is an opportunity to consolidate all the knowledge accumulated in theory and develop practical skills in their application, so necessary in the future profession. Based on the results of his activities, the student draws up a report and presents it to his supervisor.

Scientific research practice (R&D) of master's students

Internship for master's students is a mandatory stage of the educational process in any field - economics, law, pedagogy, etc. Every master's student must take it at the end of the academic semester. The volume and schedule of research work is agreed upon with the scientific supervisor. The undergraduate student also agrees on the place for his temporary work with the academic department.

Goals and objectives of research work

The purpose of the practice can be called systematization of the theoretical base accumulated during the period of study, as well as the formation of skills in conducting scientific research by setting and solving problems on the topic of the dissertation.

The main task of a student’s research work (RW) is to gain experience in studying the problem posed and to select analytical materials for writing his final work.

During research, the student studies:

information sources on the topic of your dissertation research;
modeling methods, data collection;
modern software products;
rules for preparing scientific and technical reports.

Based on the results of the research, the master's student must finally formulate the topic of his dissertation, prove the relevance and practical value of this topic, develop a program for its study and independently implement scientific research.

Place and features of research internship

Research practice can be carried out on the basis of an organization of any field of activity and form of ownership, an institution of a higher education system, or in a state or municipal government body.

Research practice for a master’s student consists of the following stages:

Preliminary stage (preparation of work plan)
Main research stage
Compilation of a report

Certification of a master's student based on the results of his work is carried out on the basis of the defense of the submitted report.

To organize research work you need:

Select a place for future internship by agreeing with your supervisor;
Conclude an agreement between the selected practice base and the university;
When directing students to practice, the master's curator organizes a meeting at the university department and provides students with a practice program, diary, direction, individual assignment and other necessary documents.

Head of research work from the university:

helps write an individual plan for the student;
studies and evaluates analytical materials collected during the work and the diary;
provides general management of the research process.

For the entire period of internship, the organization provides the undergraduate with a workplace. The head of practice from the organization is responsible for the current management of the student’s research work (R&D).

INits tasks include:

drawing up a program implementation plan together with the master’s student;
monitoring the student’s activities and providing assistance if necessary;
monitoring the progress of the compiled program;
verification of analytical materials selected during the research process;
writing a review (characteristics);
assistance in reporting.

During the internship period, the student’s work should be organized based on the logic of work on the master’s thesis. A research program is drawn up in accordance with the chosen topic. Master's students are required to regularly make entries in their diaries about all stages of the work. Upon completion of research activities, you are required to write a report on the undergraduate’s research internship and submit the finished report to the head of the department of your university.

Research practice report

All materials and diary entries collected as a result of practice are systematized and analyzed. Based on them, the undergraduate must make a report, which is submitted to the supervisor for verification within the time limits established by the curriculum. The last step is to defend the report to your supervisor and the commission. Based on the results of the defense, a grade is given and admission to the next semester is issued.

The practice is assessed on the basis of reporting documentation drawn up by the master's student and his defense. It includes: a completed internship report and a diary.

Structure of the research report

The practice report contains 25 – 30 pages and should have the following structure:

1. Title page.

2. Introduction, including:

2.1. The purpose of the research work, the place and period of its completion.

2.2. List of completed tasks.

3. Main part.

4. Conclusion, including:

4.1. Description of acquired practical skills.

4.2. Individual conclusions about the value of the research conducted.

5. List of sources.

6. Applications.

Also, the main content of the research report includes:

list of bibliographic sources on the topic of the dissertation;
review of existing scientific schools on the research topic. Usually presented in the form of a table;
review of a scientific publication relevant to the topic;
the results of developing a theoretical basis for scientific research on your topic and an abstract review (relevance, degree of development of the direction in various studies, general characteristics of the subject, goals and objectives of your own scientific research, etc.). If the results of the research were presented by the undergraduate at conferences or articles were published in journals, then copies of them are attached to the report.

The main evaluation criteria for the report are:

logic and structured presentation of research material, completeness of disclosure of the topic, goals and objectives of the study;
a creative approach to summarizing and analyzing data using the latest scientific methods;
skills in clear and consistent presentation of material, presentation of the results of one’s work, skills in mastering modern research methods, and selecting demonstration materials;

The final grade depends on the correctness of writing the report, so you should pay due attention to its preparation. You can even contact your supervisor and ask for an example of a report on a master’s student’s research practice. Such an example will help to avoid mistakes in the preparation and execution of the document, and therefore the need to redo the work.

Completing a research internship is an important stage in preparation for writing a master's thesis. Based on the data obtained, a well-written report and the trainee’s diary entries, the final work is subsequently formed.

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Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation

FSBEI HE "KubSU"

Faculty of Economics

Department of Enterprise Economics, Regional and Personnel Management

REPORT

on the implementation of research practice at OJSC Bank UralSib

I've done the work

Vasiliev D.I.

Scientific adviser:

Vanyan D.N.

Krasnodar 2016

Introduction

In the process of undergoing research practice, a targeted collection of materials was carried out at OJSC Bank UralSib, including from its official website. The purpose of the practice was to study the organizational structure of personnel management, enterprise finance, accounting, reporting, and collect other necessary information.

The need for research practice lies in the fact that during the internship, the necessary information is collected for the subsequent high-quality mastery of professional, special disciplines, and high-quality execution of the report. Also, during the internship, one gets acquainted not only with the theoretical, but also with the practical aspects of the organization’s activities, which in turn also has a positive impact on the further learning process.

The objectives of the research practice were:

Establish normal business relationships with managers and specialists of the organization;

Determine the type (model) of the organizational structure and management structure of the enterprise, regulatory documents (charter or other constituent documents);

Collect general information about the enterprise, forms of accounting and statistical reporting on the official website;

Gain practical skills in your chosen specialty;

Prepare a report on the internship;

Successfully defend the results of research practice with a supervisor within the prescribed period.

1. Organizational and economic characteristics of OJSC BANK URALSIB

bank financial statements

1.1 General information about the bank

Open Joint Stock Company "BANK URALSIB" is a credit organization, the legal successor of the Open Joint Stock Company "Republican Investment and Credit Bank "Bashkreditbank", (RIKB "Bashkreditbank"), reg. number 2275 dated January 28, 1993

OJSC BANK URALSIB is one of the ten largest Russian banks, providing its retail and corporate clients with a wide range of banking products and services in 51 regions of the Russian Federation. The Southern region accounts for 13% of the total number of sales points of OJSC BANK URALSIB (2nd place after the Volga region).

The work of OJSC BANK URALSIB is organized according to the principle of a financial supermarket. Under a single brand, services are provided to private clients, small businesses, corporate clients, and financial institutions. The service line includes more than 40 products. These include deposits, mortgage, consumer and car loans, investment services, mutual fund shares. According to Expert RA, at the end of 2012, OJSC BANK URALSIB ranks first in the small and medium-sized business lending market, is among the top five among Russian banks in terms of the size of its branch network and in the top three in terms of the number of its own ATMs, and also ranks 3rd in terms of the number of issued plastic cards.

Let us consider in detail the history of the creation of OJSC URALSIB. 1988 -- Founding of an industry bank serving the automotive industry, OJSC JSCB Avtobank. The bank was issued license No. 30, which was subsequently assigned to URALSIB OJSC. The founder of this bank was Tsvetkov Nikolai Alesandrovich. Currently, Vladimir Kogan has replaced him as Chairman of the Board of Directors of the BANK. 1993 -- Founding of the Oil Investment Company "NIKoil" (NIKoil). 1996 -- Creation of the NIKoil Group of Companies. Entry into the Rodina Commercial Bank Group. 1998 -- Integration of the brokerage company RINACO Plus into the NIKoil Group. 2000-2001 -- Completion of the restructuring of NIK-Oil as a diversified financial corporation. 2002 -- Acquisition of Avtobank and development of the insurance business through the acquisition of OJSC Industrial Insurance Company. 2003 -- Acquisition of Ural-Sibirsky Bank with a wide branch network. 2004 -- Rebranding of the group under the single name "URALSIB". 2005 -- As a result of the merger of five banks of the Corporation, a universal network bank of the federal level was formed - URALSIB Bank. Along with it, the Corporation's banking group includes a number of other regional banks. Registration number 2275, the bank was included in the State Register Book on January 28, 1993, legal address: Moscow, st. Efremova 8 (119048).

Having adopted a growth strategy through the development of a regional network, in 2002 Bashkerditbank changed its name to OJSC Ural-Sibirsky Bank (short name UralSib) and, as part of the same expansion beyond Bashkortostan, UralSib acquired controlling stakes in Kuzbassugolbank (Kemerovo) banks. , Bashprombank (Ufa), Eurasia (Izhevsk), Dorozhnik (Chelyabinsk), Stroyvestbank (Kaliningrad), Dzerzhinsky (Perm).

In 2004, 72.5% of the shares of UralSib were bought by Nikolai Tsvetkov’s corporation NIKoil. By this time, NIKoil (created in 1993 under the name “Complex Investments”), which had earned initial capital through consulting and investment services to NK LUKoil, had already acquired Rodina Bank (later IBG NIKoil, see “Book memory"), broker "Rinako Plus", Avtobank (later "Avtobank-Nikoil", see "Book of Memory"), "Bryansk Narodny Bank", Industrial Insurance Company (PSK, later Uralsib Insurance Group) and other financial assets.

In 2005, all banks of the financial supermarket “Financial Corporation “NIKoil” (in May 2004, renamed FC “UralSib”) were united under the auspices and license of “UralSib”, and the headquarters of the merged bank officially moved to Moscow. As of June 30, 2005, total assets and adjusted equity capital on the balance sheets of integrated banks amounted to 169.4 billion rubles ($5.9 billion) and 27 billion rubles, respectively.

Financial Corporation URALSIB announced the completion of the integration of the business of five banks included in the Corporation and the successful start of the operating activities of OJSC URALSIB. An unprecedented transaction for the Russian financial market to integrate the business of five banks that are part of FC URALSIB has been successfully completed. Formed as a result of integration, URALSIB (Open Joint Stock Company BANK URALSIB) was registered on September 20, 2005.

By the decision of the meeting of shareholders of all banks participating in the reorganization, Nikolai Aleksandrovich Tsvetkov, President of the Financial Corporation URALSIB, was elected Chairman of the Management Board of OJSC URALSIB.

October 3 marked the beginning of the operating activities of OJSC URALSIB. The first days showed that all systems supporting the bank’s activities, including the regional network, are operating as normal. The transition of banks to a single balance sheet was carried out without stopping operating activities. Currently, bank clients everywhere are served according to uniform standards.

The reorganization of the banking business of the URALSIB Financial Corporation took place in line with the policy of the Government of the Russian Federation and the Bank of Russia, aimed at strengthening and further developing the Russian financial sector and increasing the competitiveness of domestic business abroad.

The determining conditions for the reorganization of the banks of FC URALSIB were strict observance of the rights and legitimate interests of clients and shareholders of the reorganized banks, the preservation by the merged bank of financial stability and the ability to comply with all prudential standards of activity and mandatory standards of the Bank of Russia.

Consolidation of the banking business of FC URALSIB made it possible to significantly optimize the management of business processes and increase their efficiency. From an organizational point of view, the combined structure has become more mobile and manageable, which will certainly have a positive impact on the quality of customer service.

After the merger, FC UralSib directly or indirectly increased its stake in the merged bank to almost 90%. At the same time, the shareholding of the Government of the Republic of Bashkortostan was reduced to 8.4%. The merged bank received the name OJSC BankUralSib (“UralSib”). By the end of 2006, the Government of Bashkortostan's stake in UralSib Bank decreased again - to 7.41% of shares, 48.92% of shares belonged to FC UralSib, 32.32% to Aktiv-Holding, and 5, 06% - to the joint-stock company "UralSib - Capital Management". The consolidated assets of the UralSib banking group according to international standards as of 01/01/2007 amounted to 305.6 billion rubles, and the capital - 45.2 billion rubles.

The 20 largest depositors as of June 30, 2006 accounted for approximately 37% of its total corporate deposits, and the 20 largest borrowers accounted for approximately 117% of capital, representing a quarter of the total loan portfolio (the latter forms 64% of net assets) . Various loans to individuals in the loan portfolio occupy a share of 28%, and deposits and accounts of individuals are approximately equal to the volume of corporate deposits and the amount of balances on current accounts of legal entities (about 20% of liabilities, 5th place among Russian banks in terms of the amount of funds of individuals persons).

Noteworthy is the shareholding of more than 27 billion rubles, which is uncharacteristic in size for Russian banks (almost 9% of net assets; shares and ADRs of LUKoil - about 10 billion rubles).

2008 -- The Bank's strategy until 2014, developed jointly with BostonConsultingGroup, was approved. DeutscheBank and MorganStanley each acquired a 2.1% stake in URALSIB Bank.

2009 -- Increase in the Bank's authorized capital in the second quarter by 30% to 26.5 billion rubles as a result of an additional issue of shares.

2010 - Decision to merge JSCB Stroyvestbank and JSCB URAL-SIB-Yug Bank into OJSC URALSIB.

Mission of OJSC BANK URALSIB: to improve the quality of life of the population, develop entrepreneurial activity, providing clients with a range of financial products and services; to be an example of business efficiency in key sectors of the Russian financial market.

URALSIB Bank is positioned in the financial market as the largest universal network bank at the Federal level, providing the widest range of financial products and services throughout the Russian Federation. These include traditional deposits, consumer, mortgage and car loans, investment services, leasing, the opportunity to participate in collective investment funds, insurance products and many others.

URALSIB Bank is one of the TOP-10 largest Russian banks and provides its retail and corporate clients with a wide range of banking products and services in 51 regions of the Russian Federation. The Bank's sales network includes more than 613 points in Russia, 2.8 thousand ATMs, 8.7 thousand payment terminals, 3.7 million plastic cards have been issued.

According to rating studies, BANK URALSIB occupies a leading position among Russian banks in terms of assets, capital, corporate and retail loans and deposits.

According to the RBC.Rating website, at the end of 2015, URALSIB took 14th place in terms of net assets and 20th place in terms of balance sheet profit. In accordance with the rating of the Profile magazine, at the end of 2015, URALSIB ranks 6th in terms of the volume of loans issued to individuals, and 8th in terms of the volume of deposits attracted from individuals. The Bank is in 9th place in terms of balances on corporate client accounts, and in 11th place in terms of profitability.

In accordance with the results of a study conducted by Comcon Investment Company and the National Agency for Financial Research (NAFI), URALSIB is confidently in the top 5 in the recognition rating of Russian banks, as well as in the top 5 in the rating of the most customer-oriented, reliable and socially responsible financial brands. In terms of the size of liquid assets, the Bank occupies the 10th position in the ranking, and in terms of the volume of net assets - 12th place.

In 2014, the bank was assigned ratings from international rating agencies:

- “ВВ” Fitch Ratings - The level of creditworthiness is below sufficient

- “BB” Standard & Poor's - the issuer is solvent, but unfavorable economic conditions may negatively affect the possibility of payments

- “B1” Moody's Invstors Service - debt obligations are considered speculative and subject to high credit risk.

As of the end of 2015, the Bank’s integrated regional sales network of financial products and services includes:

- 35 branches

- 451 points of sale

- 2914 ATMs

- 13866 payment terminals

OJSC URALSIB carries out operations in accordance with the following types of licenses:

· General license of the Bank of Russia N 30 (issued on September 20, 2005).

· License for banking operations No. 30 (issued on September 20, 2005 for attracting deposits and placing precious metals).

· License of a professional participant in the securities market to carry out depository activities, issued by the Federal Service for Financial Markets dated 03/07/2003. No. 177-06473-000100 (unlimited term), etc.

Cooperation with credit institutions of the Russian Federation, CIS and Baltic countries is one of the key activities of the Banks of the URALSIB Financial Corporation. Within this direction, work is based on the principle of creating a wide network of correspondent banks and counterparties, ensuring the implementation of the strategic objectives of the entire Financial Corporation.

The Bank maintains partnerships with leading banks in the CIS and Baltic countries, as well as with leading global banks. Among the foreign counterparties are such banks as: RAIFFEISEN ZENTRALBANK OSTERREICH AG (RZB-AUSTRIA), Vienna; HSBC BANK PLC, London; COMMERZBANK AG, Frankfurt am Main; DEUTSCHE BANK AG, Frankfurt am Main; ABN AMRO BANK NV, Amsterdam; AMERICAN EXPRESS BANK LTD, New York; CITIBANK N.A., New York; THE BANK OF TOKYO-MITSUBISHI LTD, Tokyo.

The bank's regional network is represented by seven regional directorates. The Yuzhny branch of OJSC BANK URALSIB in Krasnodar is part of the Southern Regional Directorate, along with branches in Rostov-on-Don, Volgograd, Astrakhan, Stavropol.

The Yuzhny branch of URALSIB OJSC in Krasnodar is consistently among the top five banks in the region in terms of key performance indicators and confidently holds the bar of the leading branch of URALSIB BANK OJSC in Krasnodar. The financial services of the Yuzhny branch are popular and trusted among residents of the Krasnodar Territory.

OJSC BANK URALSIB pursues an active policy in the social sphere. One of the main elements of this policy is joint programs with the Victoria Children's Fund under the Strategic Partnership Agreement.

Fund to help disadvantaged children and children deprived of parental affection - Children's Fund "Victoria" - was created in November 2004 with the aim of qualitatively improving the lives of children in unfavorable life situations, primarily orphaned children and children left without care parents.

Having analyzed the activities of the Yuzhny Branch of OJSC BANK URALSIB and compared it with the main technical ones. directorates, we can conclude that the Yuzhny Branch is at a very high level in the retail business, inferior in key indicators to the Republic and the Moscow Technical Directorate.

1.2 Organizational structure of the bank

The organizational structure is aimed, first of all, at establishing clear relationships between individual divisions of the organization, distributing rights and responsibilities between them. It implements various requirements for improving management systems, which are expressed in certain management principles.

Like any organizational and management structure, OJSC BANK URALSIB has three levels of management: top, middle and operational. At the highest level of management, the most general decisions on enterprise management are made and the functions of strategic planning, general control and communication with external structures are carried out. At the middle level, top-level decisions are detailed, converted into specific plans, the functions of current planning, communication between the highest and lower levels of management, control, production management and resource flows are carried out. The result of the activities of employees at the operational level is the implementation of the production program, the functions of managing main and auxiliary production, operational management and local control are implemented.

The basis of the personnel management policy is the construction of a system that involves the creation of specific measures:

· to motivate each employee to achieve goals determined by the bank's strategy;

· to determine criteria for assessing the degree of achievement of results;
· Remuneration and encouragement of employees.

The bank's central office is located at: Moscow, st. Efremova, no. 8. In Ufa, st. Revolyutsionnaya, 41 operates a remote central office and branch of OJSC BANK URALSIB, which provides a full range of financial services for clients of legal entities and individuals.

The structure of the bank management apparatus is presented in Figure 1.

The Supervisory Board includes: Vladimir Kogan (Chairman), Douglas Weir Gardner, Natalia Zvereva, Denis Korobkov, Ildar Muslimov, Lyudmila Shabalkina, Dmitry Shmelev, Mikhail Molokovsky, Ilkka Salonen.

Board: Ilkka Salonen (Chairman), Airat Gaskarov, Evgeniy Guryev, Alexey Sazonov, Ilya Filatov, Konstantin Kolpakov, Lidiya Plytnik, Svetlana Bastrykina.

Chief Accountant Service: Reat Koneev (chief accountant), Nadezhda Simakova, Sergey Baydak, Alfiya Zarafutdinova, Alla Kukharenko.

Members of the OJSC Financial Corporation URALSIB group are primarily shareholders of the Bank.

As for the Southern branch in the city of Krasnodar, where the internship was completed, the management structure is as follows.

Figure 2 Structure of the management staff in the head department of the southern branch of the bank

More details about some departments. The accounting department is engaged in: developing and approving accounting policies, reflecting transactions carried out by the bank in accounting, preparing accounting documentation, developing bank balance sheets and other forms of reporting.

The legal department includes the following functions:

- develops regulatory documents and changes to the bank’s charter

- controls the implementation of the bank’s charter and the correct execution of banking transactions and other contractual transactions of a non-banking type

- draws up bank transactions

- draws up contracts, acts of pledge, sureties and guarantees, and other business documents.

The Computer Operations Department is responsible for organizing the bank’s computer systems and carrying out electronic payments and settlements between clients and the bank.

The bank's security department determines the confidentiality of certain categories of bank information that constitute bank secrecy.

The personnel service plans the number and use of bank personnel, organizes the selection and placement of personnel, and organizes personnel certification.

Cash services department:

- opening and maintaining customer accounts;

- carrying out incoming and outgoing cash transactions of the bank;

- conducting settlement transactions;

- carrying out transactions with checks;

- carrying out operations on corr. account;

- preparation of settlement and cash documents;

- formation of daily bank balances.

The lending department includes the following functions:

- develops the main directions of lending and investment (credit and investment policy of the bank);

- develops mechanisms for implementing credit and investment policies;

- organizes short-term and long-term lending to legal entities and individuals - entrepreneurs.

The foreign exchange operations department carries out currency purchase and sale operations, maintains clients' foreign currency accounts, and accepts funds for foreign currency deposits.

Thus, we can conclude that the branch has a linear-functional management structure. Linear authority is transferred directly from the boss to the subordinate and then to other subordinates. Divisions are formed according to the types of activities of the bank. Functional departments are divided into smaller departments, each of which performs a limited list of functions.

2. Analysis of the bank’s financial results

2.1 Analysis of the structure of liabilities

The resources of a commercial bank are the totality of all funds available to the bank and used to carry out active operations. According to the method of formation, the resources of a commercial bank are divided into own and attracted (borrowed) funds.

Own funds are funds received from the shareholders of the bank during its creation and formed in the process of its activities, which are at the disposal of the bank without any time limit. In banking practice, the share of own funds accounts for a small part of resources.

Raised funds are client funds received for a certain period or on demand.

The economic characteristics of OJSC BANK URALSIB must begin with a study of the structure of the bank’s balance sheet, namely with liabilities, which characterize the sources of funds, since passive operations largely predetermine the conditions, forms and directions of use of banking resources, that is, the composition and structure of assets. We will carry out the dynamics of the structure and composition of assets and liabilities of OJSC BANK URALSIB based on the balance sheet data in Appendix 1 for the period from 2013 to 2015. An analysis of the structure of resources of OJSC BANK URALSIB is presented in Table 1.

Analyzing these indicators, a number of conclusions can be drawn, namely: in the structure of liabilities, the largest share is occupied by the bank's attracted funds (liabilities), which is determined by the essence of the bank and its role in the market. At the beginning of the analyzed period they amounted to 332 billion rubles. (89.8% of the value of liabilities), and by the end they increased to a level of 378 billion rubles. (90.1%), i.e. increased by 46 billion rubles. This suggests that, with an increase in the volume of raised funds, the bank slightly reduced its activity in its main areas of business.

Among the liabilities at the end of the analyzed period, the largest share in 2014 was accounted for by customer funds, which in value terms amounted to RUB 311,521 million.

Table 1 Structure of resources of OJSC BANK URALSIB for 2013-2015, million rubles.

Article title
			million
Loans from the Central Bank of the Russian Federation
Funds from credit institutions
Client funds
incl. deposits of individuals
Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss
Debt issued
Other obligations
Provisions for possible losses on contingent credit obligations, other possible losses and transactions with residents of offshore zones
Total liabilities
Funds of shareholders (participants)
Share premium
Reserve fund
Revaluation at fair value of securities available for sale
Revaluation of fixed assets
Funds and unused profits from previous years
Profit for distribution (loss) for the reporting period
Total sources of own funds
Balance currency

Second place belongs to funds from credit institutions: if in 2013 in value terms they amounted to 37,840 million rubles, then by 2015 they increased to 48,963 million rubles. In share terms, their level increased by 1.5 times.

In the structure of the bank's own funds, the largest share is occupied by shareholders' funds; during the period under study they tend to grow both in relative (increased by 2,660 million rubles) and in absolute terms by 10 percentage points.

Items other liabilities, reserves for possible losses, revaluation of fixed assets, share premium in share terms amount to no more than 4-6% of the share of the amount of all liabilities.

2.2 Analysis of asset structure

The main component of assets in OJSC BANK URALSIB is the bank’s net loan debt, i.e. volume of outstanding loans to customers. Thus, at the beginning of the study period, this figure was 227,504 million rubles, and at the end - 278,182 million rubles; we observe an increase in this indicator both in relative (22.3%) and in absolute terms. In our opinion, this trend may indicate an increase in lending volumes in both retail and corporate business.

Table 3 Structure of assets of OJSC BANK URALSIB for 2013-2015, million rubles.

			Growth rates 2015 to 2013, %
	million	million
Cash
Funds from credit institutions in the Central Bank of the Russian Federation
Required reserves
Funds in credit institutions
Net investments in securities measured at fair value through profit or loss
Net loans outstanding
Net investments in securities and other financial assets available for sale
Net investments in securities held to maturity
Fixed assets, intangible assets and inventories
Other assets
Total assets

In order to replenish banking liquidity, the Bank of Russia has repeatedly decided to reduce required reserve ratios. As a result of these measures, in 2013 there was a significant decrease in the bank’s funds in the Central Bank compared to 2015. In 2014, this figure increased slightly and reached 20.6 billion rubles. The Bank does not position itself as an active participant in the stock market, where OJSC BANK URALSIB acts both as an issuer, placing its own shares, and as an investor, purchasing securities both for resale and for the purpose of long-term investment.

Having analyzed the composition of the resources of the commercial bank OJSC BANK URALSIB, the following conclusions can be drawn:

1. The bank is steadily growing, so it has an actively growing balance sheet (due to an increase in the amount of attracted resources).

2. The bank has a high potential for growth of its resource base, since the share of equity capital is 9.9% at the end of the analyzed period.

3. Measures to improve processes and management methods in the bank

As a result of studying the existing personnel management strategy, it was concluded that it is necessary to improve this strategy. Recommendations for improving the personnel management strategy include its adjustment in connection with changing environmental requirements.

In today's conditions, the overall strategy of the Bank must correspond to the strategy of limited growth, which will allow Uralsib OJSC, despite restrictions in the form of economic factors, to develop and achieve the strategic goals set earlier.

The second most important, after the corporate strategy, is the product marketing strategy, which should be aimed at retaining existing customers and developing budget options for placing/raising funds and other basic services for customers.

After determining the corporate strategy and product and marketing strategy of Uralsib Bank, the personnel management strategy, as a functioning strategy, should solve the problem of supporting the general development line of the company.

Thus, the main goal of the personnel management strategy is the formation of highly qualified, professional and mobile personnel at all levels, ready to adequately respond to any changes, both in the internal structure of the enterprise and in the industry as a whole.

Within the framework of the main goal, as well as based on the identified shortcomings of the existing strategy, the following tasks can be identified that must be solved using a personnel management strategy:

* development of a system for adaptation to changes in the external and internal environment;

* development of adaptation mechanisms for new employees, as well as employees who have changed job responsibilities within the Bank;

* development of a multilateral motivation system for the Bank OJSC Uralsib.

The personnel management strategy of Uralsib Bank should provide for a clear program for adapting personnel to possible changes, as well as smoothing out the negative reaction of personnel to these changes.
The main tasks of the HR department are:

- knowledge and understanding of the characteristics of Bank employees;

- development of a change program based on environmental requirements;
- anticipating employee reactions to planned changes;
- development of proposals for leveling negative reactions to planned changes;

- training managers in the change management process;

- development and implementation of changes in the organizational structure that corresponds to current business goals;

- development and implementation of regulations in corporate culture;

- development and implementation of key performance indicators;

- development of professional or personal profiles of new employees.

It should be noted that the implementation of personnel management procedures in conditions of change presupposes a whole system, including: motivation for change, adaptation and training of new skills. Changes will be easier and more effective if, at the beginning of their implementation, preference is given to new employees, in particular, middle managers who have experience working with technologies similar to those being introduced. In any case, the personnel department at all stages of change (rumors, the beginning, the immediate process of change, response) needs to be sensitive to the level of psychological climate in the team. Possession of information about different lines of behavior of personnel will allow you to quickly respond to a possible reaction.

Be it an incorrect process of understanding the changes, which will require additional clarification, or non-acceptance of the changes, or a system of one’s own opinion about the changes.

The next point in improving the personnel management strategy is the process of personnel adaptation. Most experts rightly believe that certification is one of the most effective tools for personnel management.

The adaptation process should be aimed at ensuring a faster entry into the position of a new employee, training, creating a positive image of the organization, reducing the discomfort of the first days of work, increasing motivation, as well as assessing the level of qualifications and potential of the employee during his probationary period. The introduction of this personnel management strategy will help the bank mobilize labor resources and identify shortcomings in personnel performance.

Conclusion

The process of merging banks and creating a large-scale distribution network at the federal level affected the financial performance of the merged Bank. The rapid growth of assets in 2005 is the result of an extensive process of merging banks under a single brand, URALSIB. Following the merger, asset growth continued at a pace reflecting an intensive process.

The greatest increase in the Bank's equity capital was observed in the mid-2000s. It is mainly associated, according to many experts, with extensive factors: the merger of five banks under the URALSIB brand and an increase in share capital by converting shares of the merged banks into shares of the merged Bank. In 2006, in the absence of additional share issues, the dynamics of the Bank's equity capital was determined exclusively by intensive factors: the growth of funds and retained earnings of previous years. According to RBC.Rating, at the end of 2014, URAL-SIB Bank ranked 6th in equity capital. The dynamics of equity capital is generally adequate to the dynamics of assets and corresponds to the capital adequacy standard.

At the end of 2014, two leading world rating agencies - Standard & Poor's and Fitch Ratings - increased the credit ratings of URALSIB Bank on the international scale. The increase in international credit ratings was due to the following factors:

- successful completion of the merger of five banks, minimizing integration risks;

- growing diversification of business areas;

- significant growth potential in the rapidly developing Russian banking services market;

- high-quality client base;

- high level of capitalization;

- a tendency to increase the profitability of core banking activities;

- high quality of the loan portfolio;

- high level of asset liquidity.

In the process of research practice, the assigned tasks of the practice were completed, the collection and analysis of the main economic and financial indicators was carried out, the structure of the bank's management apparatus was determined, and the history of the creation of the bank was studied. During the internship, I gained invaluable experience working in a bank.

Sources

URL: http://barfin.ru/company/uralsib/history (Date of access: 04/05/2016).

URL: http://lf.rbc.ru/reviews/507/(Access date: 04/02/2016).

URL: http://www.genon.ru/GetAnswer (Date of access: 03/16/2016).

URL: www.bankuralsib.ru/bank/index.wbp (Date of access: 03/20/2016).

URL: http://www.kuap.ru/banks/2275/balances/(Access date: 04/01/2016).

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Basic criteria for writing a report on research practice

So, before you start writing a report, you need not only to study the basic requirements, select the necessary and appropriate literary sources, and also prepare and adjust your diary. Having made all the necessary preparations, it is worth starting to prepare the report itself, which must include approximately 30 pages without taking into account additional materials attached to it. It is worth noting that the requirements for the list of references, which relates to the final part of your work, are quite strict, so it is recommended to take a responsible approach to creating a list of books used, including at least thirty sources and format it in accordance with the requirements stipulated by the standards. It is very important to keep in touch with your practice manager to avoid unnecessary mistakes when writing your report.

Structure of a report on scientific practice

In order for your report on the undergraduate research practice to be written concisely and correctly, it is very important to structure it. By dividing it into certain parts, you will be able to correctly present all the necessary information about the completed practice. You can structure your report using the following example:

Title page.
Summary.
Epithets and designations.
Introductory part.
The main part, divided into several sections.
Final part.
List of used literature.
Additional documents (applications).

Having structured your report in this way, you can begin writing it.

What should be the first and introductory part of the report on the research practice of a master's student?

It is quite difficult to create a detailed structure for the sections of this report, since each specialty and educational institution has its own individual requirements for writing this type of work. However, there are a number of recommendations that will certainly help in writing a research report on the practice of a master’s student.

Constant communication with the practice director is very important. It will help in solving many questions that arise when writing this work.
This type of practice also implies participation in various conferences that are suitable for the topic. It is worth mentioning this in your report, indicating the time, topic and number of visits.
It is recommended to describe in detail the process of studying and analyzing very important information from literary and information sources.
After conducting at least two experiments, you can begin to prove and describe the actions performed.

Learn more about writing report text

The report on the master's student's research practice should include your personal data, such as: full name of the master's student, type, place and period of the internship, as well as the topic of the qualifying work. After presenting the general data, you can begin writing the main text. First of all, it should reflect the work carried out by the undergraduate in research practice. It is important to remember that your report should cover:

The object that is selected for research.
Primary goal.
Methods used to carry out the work.
Results of the implemented scientific research.

Using these recommendations, you will certainly be able to write a correct and informative report on scientific research practice (an example can be found on our website). However, if you have any difficulties or are not confident in your abilities, our specialists are ready at any time to write for you a report that will meet all standards.

Introduction
Chapter 1. The main part of the practice program
1.1 Research methodology
1.2 Characteristics of the construction industry of the Republic of Belarus
1.3 Analysis of regulations governing the activities of the construction industry of the Republic of Belarus
1.4 Analysis of statistical data and analytical materials reflecting the development of the construction industry of the Republic of Belarus
Chapter 2. Individual task
2.1. Proposals for improving the organizational and economic mechanism for the development of the construction industry
Conclusion
List of sources used

Introduction

The purpose of the research practice is to consolidate and deepen the theoretical training of the master's student and to study modern approaches to the methodology of economic research, including the structure and procedure for completing a qualifying dissertation.

Practice objectives:

Consolidation of knowledge and skills acquired by undergraduates in the process of studying disciplines, mastering educational (including innovative) technologies;
Expanding and deepening knowledge and skills based on independent study of scientific, scientific and methodological literature, information and analytical materials, statistical and regulatory sources, as well as the results of one’s own research;
Development of personal qualities of master's students, determined by the general goals of the master's educational program, including communication and responsibility, allowing them to solve social, professional, organizational, managerial and educational problems; acquisition of professional competence and application of modern methods and approaches to independent economic research and forecasting.

The construction industry of the Republic of Belarus occupies one of the leading places in the country's economy. This is a multidisciplinary and multifunctional structure. The industry development strategy is determined by the Ministry of Architecture and Construction of the Republic of Belarus.

The main efforts of industry scientists are aimed at solving the most important problems of construction production - reducing the cost, material and energy intensity of construction and improving its quality. During the construction process, the material basis for the functioning of all other sectors of the economy is formed - industrial buildings and structures, roads, public buildings. However, the dynamics of other sectors of the economy also influence construction volumes.

The main strategic objective of enterprises in the construction industry is the export of goods and services.

Chapter 1. The main part of the practice program

1.1 Research methodology

Methodology is a system of principles and methods of organizing and constructing theoretical and practical activities, as well as the doctrine of this system.

The object of methodology is the process of scientific research in its integrity.

Science is a sphere of human activity aimed at developing and theoretically systematizing objective knowledge about reality.

A methodological approach is a methodological direction, a methodological position, a point of view from which the object of study is viewed.

Methodological approaches:

The religious approach considers the highest value to be the movement of man towards God, the salvation of the Soul;

The world recognizes the highest value in obtaining material benefits;

Local – the highest value is human longevity;

A systems approach is an approach in which any object is considered as a set of interconnected elements (components) that has an output (goal), input (resources), connection with the external environment, feedback;

The humanistic approach is an optimistic view of human nature;

The culturological approach consists in recognizing the priority of culture in education, upbringing and social development;

The scientistic approach is the general name for the ideological position that represents scientific knowledge as the highest cultural value and a fundamental factor in human interaction with the world;

Holistic approach is based on the direct holistic relationship between the material and the spiritual. The concept of the integrity of all things is a core concept of holism;

The synergetic approach is a set of principles, the basis of which is the consideration of objects as self-organizing systems;

The hermeneutic approach is a theory of understanding, comprehension of meaning;

The anthropological approach is an approach in which a person is considered as a bearer of universal human properties, as a generic concept denoting a representative of the human race;

The phenomenological approach is the view that social behavior is guided by a person's subjective interpretation of environmental events;

The esoteric approach is a complex of sciences and teachings that study the hidden side of human existence and the world around him;

The scientific research method is a system of principles, rules, techniques and requirements that should be followed in the research process.

Practical methods of scientific knowledge: observation, measurement and experiment.

Logical methods: proof, refutation, confirmation, objection, interpretation, explanation, justification.

Heuristic methods: brainstorming method, collective search for original ideas, heuristic question method, free association method, inversion method, empathy method.

Economic theory is the science of choosing the most effective ways to satisfy the unlimited needs of people through the rational use of limited resources.

Scientific methods of economic research:

The scientific method of economic research is a way of mastering reality, based on a rational, evidence-based, systematic study of the object.

Scientific logical methods of economic research are divided into quantitative and qualitative.

The quantitative method is based on the use of measurable quantities, usually expressed as numbers;

The qualitative method of economic analysis is based on verbal description, interpretation, interpretation and explanation of the properties of the object being studied.

Empirical methods of economic research: economic observation and economic experiment.

Theoretical methods:

Economic analysis is the separation in economic knowledge of fragments of a whole into its component parts;

Economic synthesis is the unification into a single whole of parts, properties, elements identified through economic analysis;

Economic analogy;

Economic modeling is the development of models that reflect various aspects of economic activity, i.e. creation of analogues that reproduce certain aspects of human economic activity;

Economic induction is based on the transition from particular economic facts to general conclusions and provisions;

Economic deduction is based on the transition from general, already proven statements regarding economic theories or facts to more specific conclusions and provisions;

Economic interpretation;

Formalization of economic knowledge;

The historical method in economic research is based on the study of economic processes or objects in chronologically successive phases of their existence;

Evolutionary method;

The statistical method is the most important method of economic science, widely used in various studies of economic processes;

Economic statistics is a section of statistics that provides the state and civil society with information about the digital parameters of economic development and related social processes.

Modeling method;

The mathematical method is the most important method of economic science, which received its fundamental development starting from the middle of the 19th century.

The method of economic and mathematical modeling allows us to formally determine the causes of changes in economic phenomena, their patterns, consequences, opportunities and costs of influencing the course of changes, and also makes forecasting economic processes realistic. Using this method, economic models are created.

In the process of using economic and mathematical methods in economic analysis, the construction and study of economic and mathematical models are carried out, describing the influence of individual factors on the general economic indicators of the activities of organizations.

Formalization is an epistemological method based on identifying and fixing the formal structure of the process or phenomenon under study, as well as ascribing some abstract symbols and meanings to the meaningful elements of the process (or phenomenon); the result of the formalization process is the creation of a formalized model of a process or phenomenon, which allows one to obtain new knowledge and information about this process or phenomenon.

An important advantage of the formalization process is the possibility of conducting research within its framework of any object in a purely formal way (through the use of signs, formulas) without directly addressing this object. Here the relations of signs replace statements about the properties and relations of objects.

The most important component of formalization is its symbolization, which can be defined as the development of a system of certain symbols as part of the creation of an artificial language of science. Symbolization traditionally begins with the use of special scientific terms, which are gradually replaced by certain symbols, and the symbols, grouped and combined with each other, turn into an artificial, special language of science, understandable only to a given group of researchers.

Mathematization is a specific method of formalizing scientific and any other knowledge, based on the use of measurement, comparison and counting procedures.

The logical and epistemological meaning of mathematization is to highlight the formal structure of an object and operate with it. In the case of mathematization, such formal operating is reduced to quantitative, numerical procedures: measurement, comparison and counting.

Econometrics is an independent scientific discipline that combines a set of theoretical results, methods and models designed to, on the basis of: economic theory, mathematical statistics and economic measurements, mathematical and statistical tools, give a specific quantitative expression to general (qualitative) patterns determined by economic theory .

The main method of econometric research is econometric modeling. The latter is a type of mathematical and statistical modeling.

An economic model is a formalized description of an economic process or phenomenon, the structure of which is determined both by its objective properties and the subjective target nature of the study.

1.2 Characteristics of the construction industry of the Republic of Belarus

The construction industry includes construction as a type of activity and a set of organizations focused on management, carrying out research and development work, training, and providing the industry with material and technical resources.

Construction enterprise is an enterprise that operates in the field of construction and carries out scientific, experimental, survey and design work, extraction of raw materials and their processing, production of materials, products and structures, construction of all types of buildings and structures, transport services.

Construction activities (construction) - activities for the construction, reconstruction, repair, restoration, improvement of a facility, including the implementation of organizational and technical activities, including the provision of engineering services in construction, preparation of permits and design documentation, performance of construction, installation, and commissioning works;

The construction object is a building, structure or engineering system for the construction (expansion, reconstruction, restoration, improvement or repair) of which design documentation is being developed.

Types of construction:

– Industrial (plants, factories);

– Transport (roads, bridges, tunnels);

– Civil (residential buildings, public buildings);

– Social (arenas, gyms, shopping and entertainment centers);

– Military (military facilities);

– Hydraulic engineering (dams, dikes, canals, reservoirs).

State regulation in the field of architectural, urban planning and construction activities is carried out by the President of the Republic of Belarus, the Council of Ministers of the Republic of Belarus, the Ministry of Architecture and Construction of the Republic of Belarus, local Councils of Deputies, local executive and administrative bodies and other government bodies.

Legislative, regulatory, scientific and technical policy in the industry is carried out by the Ministry of Architecture and Construction.

The Ministry of Architecture and Construction deals with issues of investment activities in construction, technical regulation, standardization, licensing, legal regulation, ensuring state construction supervision, regulates urban planning issues, and creates regulatory frameworks in the field of architectural and construction work. The Ministry of Architecture and Construction is subordinate to the Council of Ministers and is a specially authorized government body in the field of architectural, urban planning and construction activities on the territory of the Republic of Belarus.

Since its formation, this government body has carried out work to develop and implement state policy in the field of construction, architecture, and urban planning.

In accordance with the Law of the Republic of Belarus “On architectural, urban planning and construction activities in the Republic of Belarus” dated July 5, 2004 No. 300-Z, control and supervision in the field of construction activities is entrusted to the state construction supervision authorities.

State construction supervision is an integral part of the system of state regulation of construction activities on the territory of the Republic of Belarus and is carried out in order to ensure the operational reliability and safety of construction projects, compliance with the established procedure for the construction of facilities, state protection of the interests of consumers of construction products and society.

The main task of state construction supervision bodies is to supervise the compliance of participants in investment activities carrying out construction with the requirements of the legislation of the Republic of Belarus, regulatory and technical and approved design and estimate documentation.

The unified system of state construction supervision bodies consists of: the Department of Control and Supervision of Construction of the State Committee for Standardization, subordinate to the Council of Ministers; Inspections of the Department for regions and the city of Minsk, specialized inspection of the Department. State construction supervision bodies, within their competence, issue conclusions on the readiness of construction projects for acceptance into operation.

Acceptance control is carried out by the acceptance committee upon completion of all construction and installation work. After it, she makes a decision on the readiness of the facility for commissioning.

When accepting objects into operation, the acceptance commission includes representatives of the developer (customer and contractor - in the case of concluding a construction contract), the developer of project documentation, the operating organization, if any, the local executive and administrative body.

A working group on problematic issues in the construction industry operates in the industry. The working group included representatives of the Presidential Administration, state control and state security committees, the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the Ministry of Construction and Architecture, the State Property Committee, construction and design organizations.

The working group on problematic issues in the construction industry holds on-site meetings in the regions of Belarus. One of the main tasks solved by the working group on problematic issues in the construction industry is the issue of unfinished construction projects. The functions of control and monitoring of objects of construction in excess of norms are assigned to city and district executive committees. Responsibility for the proper implementation of control measures is assigned to the chairmen of executive committees. The standard service life of a construction project is indicated in the design documentation.

Holding is an association of legal entities (holding participants), in which one of the legal entities (commercial organization) is the holding’s management company due to the ability to influence decisions made by other legal entities - holding participants (subsidiaries of the holding), based on ownership 25 % and more simple (ordinary) shares (shares in authorized funds) of the holding's subsidiaries.

One of the main trends in the global construction market is the consolidation of enterprises through the creation of large holdings providing a wide range of construction services. In the world market, in terms of types of construction services, the largest share falls on the construction of engineering and transport infrastructure facilities and the construction of fuel complex facilities.

The international construction services market is dominated by a few large contractors and their construction services exports are linked to large-scale projects.

Recently, powerful construction holdings have been formed in China, backed by both state-owned banks and private capital. Turnover of one of the largest Chinese construction corporations, China State Construction Engineering Corp. amounts to 66 billion dollars per year.

The largest international engineering and construction holdings are distributed throughout the world: Hochtief AG (Germany), Skanska AB (Sweden) and Lend Lease Group (Australia).

An example of a Chinese financial and construction holding company is the CITIC Company (China International Trust and Investment Corporation). This company is known in Belarus in connection with the implementation of investment projects to modernize Belarusian cement factories. CITIC Construction Co., Ltd. is part of the largest Chinese state corporation CITIC Group.

Subordinate to the State Council of the People's Republic of China, the corporation successfully operates in the financial, investment, trade, commercial and production sectors both in China and in many other countries. It consists of two commercial banks, over fifty subsidiaries and branches in China and eleven companies and representative offices abroad, as well as seven listed companies on the New York, Hong Kong and Australian stock exchanges. The total number of employees of the corporation worldwide is more than 70 thousand people.

The corporation includes 44 subsidiaries and banks registered and operating both in China and abroad (in the USA, Canada, Australia, etc.). The CITIC company is a service holding, an association of construction companies owned by large financial groups and intended to serve the interests of the parent (management) group in terms of providing construction and installation services and services for managing the implementation of investment and construction projects.

Strengthening the positions of domestic construction and industrial organizations in the foreign construction market can only be facilitated by their consolidation (creation of integrated companies), which can export complex construction services and construction products. The processes of globalization of the economy contribute to the fact that international trade in construction services and building materials leads to the consolidation of suppliers of construction services, the formation of strategic alliances and other forms of cooperation, allowing both to expand the geographical coverage of world markets and to increase the complexity of meeting customer needs.

In foreign countries, the most common forms of construction holdings are: financial-construction and industrial-construction holdings. The advantages of corporate integrated structures in the construction industry can only be realized when they are structures united by a main goal based on the common interests of their participants.

Setl Group is one of the largest financial and industrial associations in the Northwestern region of Russia. Today Setl Group is a diversified investment and industrial group developing its activities both in Russia and abroad. The holding consolidates a number of companies specializing in development, general contracting services, sale of building materials, brokerage operations in the real estate market, consulting and information technology.

The holding unites such well-known brands as Petersburg Real Estate, Setl City, Setl Estate, Setl North Europe and others.

The Setl City company specializes in the construction of residential, office, hotel, and retail buildings and the creation of infrastructure around them.

The Setl City company, part of the holding, carries out the construction of commercial and social facilities in St. Petersburg, the Leningrad region, and Kaliningrad.

Setl Stroy is a dynamically developing professional general contracting organization with its own production base. The company's field of activity is performing the functions of a general contractor and subcontractor at various sites, performing major repairs, as well as reconstruction and restoration of significant cultural objects.

LLC “Complete Construction “Petersburg Real Estate” is a representative of the Setl Group building materials supply unit. The company KS "Petersburg Real Estate" is the largest participant in the building materials market, acting as an official dealer of many manufacturing plants in St. Petersburg and the Leningrad region.

Among the organization’s partners are such companies as LSR Group, METINVEST Holding, H+H Group of Companies and others.

Having stable access to building materials at low prices allows us to achieve a reduction in the cost of construction of Setl Group holding facilities.

The construction holding Belstroytsentr-Holding, consisting of 20 enterprises with a total number of employees of about 36 thousand people, is registered in the Republic of Belarus.

The structure unites installation, construction and specialized organizations of the Ministry of Construction and Architecture. The holding was created to develop the export of construction services. Enterprises conduct their economic activities and operate independently within the country. Part of the companies' profits, allocated for dividends, is sent to the general fund and accumulated in accounts to provide economic guarantees with the participation of Belarusian construction organizations in competitive bidding abroad, opening access to large export projects. When participating in tenders, enterprises must provide bank guarantees or pledges (from 5 to 10% of the cost of the object).

The creation of holdings will ensure the development of mechanisms for economic self-regulation of organizations, the expansion of their export potential, and will allow organizations to implement large projects in the construction sector, including abroad.

Holding companies must be formed from among large contracting organizations, design organizations, as well as integrated structures that consolidate the interests of enterprises in the building materials and structures industry.

Success in foreign markets opens up new prospects for development for enterprises in the construction industry, strengthens the economy and the national currency, and ensures a return on investment.

Architectural project - design documentation for the construction, reconstruction, restoration, major repairs, improvement of a construction site, including a decision on the location, physical parameters, artistic and aesthetic qualities of the construction site, as well as the possible negative consequences of its impact on the environment and determining the technical and economic indicators of the construction site.

Carrying out state examination of architectural and construction projects, construction phases allocated in them, start-up complexes and estimates (estimate documentation) is provided by the State Committee for Standardization of the Republic of Belarus.

To reduce the risk of exceeding budgets and deadlines, industry enterprises created a small division within themselves, which, based on incoming 2D documentation, developed information models of construction projects. As a result, a huge number of errors and inconsistencies between the initial data contained in the project and the actual conditions of the area were found. Information modeling tools were used in this case, but the process itself was broken. It would be much more efficient at the design stage to develop the project in the form of an information model and receive working documentation from it. This would speed up the process of its creation and improve the quality, and the construction company would not have to do the work for the designers and correct errors after the working documentation arrived at the construction site.

Many designers did not create a full-fledged 3D model filled with comprehensive information. In order not to model the entire object, some of the models were made in 2D, that is, in a plane. Only the most complex systems and sections (engineering communications and façade connecting nodes) were modeled in 3D. Design work was carried out in AutoCAD (and other CAD programs).

In recent years, solutions have appeared on the market that can transform all investment and construction activities - these are information technologies widely used in the world (USA, Japan, UK, China): BIM (Building Information Modeling).

BIM technology is a 3D model, which, in addition to the ability to detail building elements, contains a huge amount of data that is displayed in different ways (plans, sections, specifications in the form of tables) and is used not only in design, but also in construction and operation throughout the entire life cycle object. After creating a model of an object, it is possible to find out its almost exact cost. This is the only technology that guarantees quality at all stages (pre-investment stage, design, construction, operation), providing comprehensive control in an automated manner. Based on the information model, it is possible to organize the integrated work of all participants (project structure), build a living (changing during implementation), accurate logistics, administrative, legal and financial model of any project. The model can be made a repository of all information on the project, all transactions, all contracts, regulations, SNiPs, GOSTs, etc. This is a powerful management tool.

Today, about 10 countries around the world provide government support for BIM technologies, the Republic of Belarus is one of them. In the UK, from 2016, all capital construction financed from the budget will be carried out only using information modeling technologies. In the UK, a development concept until 2025 has been developed, which sets out the main objectives: to halve construction time, reduce costs for the entire investment cycle by 30%, increase exports and minimize the impact on the environment. It is impossible to achieve your goals without the use of BIM technologies.

The main priorities of informatization of the construction industry for 2016-2020 are information modeling, cloud computing technologies, integration of information resources, and ensuring information security.

In the Republic of Belarus, work is actively underway to introduce integrated automated design systems and information technologies for managing the life cycle of a construction project.

The process of introducing BIM in the Republic of Belarus began with design production. UE "Belpromproekt", RUE "Institute Belgosproekt", OJSC "Institute "Minskgrazhdanproekt", UE "Minskproekt", OJSC "Institute "Gomelproekt", UE "Minskinzhproekt" and a number of other organizations are already designing construction projects using information modeling technology. The Belarusian National Technical University provides training for the implementation of building information modeling technology. The university joined the Autodesk educational program, receiving free use of all the necessary products for training, retraining and advanced training of specialists. There is an “Innovation Center for the Development and Application of BIM Technology” at the Belarusian State University.

IT company Autodesk is a supplier of Revit Architecture and Revit Structure software for the construction industry.

1.3 Analysis of regulations governing the activities of the construction industry of the Republic of Belarus

The Law of the Republic of Belarus “On architectural, urban planning and construction activities in the Republic of Belarus” dated July 5, 2004 No. 300-Z establishes a list of state bodies that regulate the field of architectural, urban planning and construction activities.

The law provides basic terms and their definitions related to architectural, urban planning and construction activities in the Republic of Belarus.

Law No. 300-Z defines the rights and responsibilities of government bodies, organizations, and individuals carrying out architectural, urban planning and construction activities.

Chapter 2 defines the competence of the Ministry of Architecture and Construction of the Republic of Belarus in the field of architectural, urban planning and construction activities. The Ministry of Architecture and Construction of the Republic of Belarus, which is a specially authorized state body in the field of architectural, urban planning and construction activities, within its competence:

Develops and implements the main directions of state urban planning policy, state policy in the field of architectural, urban planning and construction activities, the building materials industry, ensures the implementation of a unified state policy in the field of investment;

Establishes the procedure for creating and maintaining a republican fund of project documentation and a republican data bank of analogous objects for the construction of facilities, provision for use and use of materials and data from the specified fund and data bank;

Organizes the creation and maintenance of the urban planning cadastre;

Organizes the development of programs in the field of architectural, urban planning and construction activities, as well as the implementation of research work in the field of architectural, urban planning and construction activities;

Develops and adopts regulatory legal acts in the field of architectural, urban planning and construction activities;

Participates in the development and implementation of state forecasts and programs for the socio-economic development of the Republic of Belarus, as well as investment projects in accordance with investment agreements concluded with the Republic of Belarus, interstate target and state scientific and technical programs in the field of architectural, urban planning and construction activities, taking into account the development of territories and populated areas;

Organizes scientific, methodological, information and analytical support for architectural, urban planning and construction activities on the territory of all administrative-territorial and territorial units;

Carries out regulation and coordination of the activities of subordinates, methodological guidance of other structural divisions of local executive and administrative bodies exercising state powers in the field of architectural, urban planning and construction activities on the territory of an administrative-territorial unit (territorial divisions of architecture and urban planning);

Determines the types of work and services related to construction activities;

Determines the procedure for carrying out technical supervision and architectural supervision of construction;

Coordinates the work of subordinate state research, design, survey and other organizations;

Establishes the procedure for organizing and conducting monitoring of objects of architectural, urban planning and construction activities.

Chapter 3 of the law covers issues of permitting documentation, as well as permits for construction and installation work.

A permit to carry out construction and installation work is issued free of charge to the customer, developer by state construction supervision authorities, certain legislative acts, in the presence of documents, the list of which is established by the Council of Ministers of the Republic of Belarus.

Chapter 4 of the law determines the procedure for creating and maintaining a republican fund of project documentation and a republican data bank of analogue objects for the construction of facilities.

The creation and maintenance of the republican fund of project documentation and the republican data bank of analogue objects for the construction of facilities, the provision for use and use of materials and data from the specified fund and data bank are carried out by an organization authorized by the Ministry of Architecture and Construction of the Republic of Belarus. The law determines the procedure for financing architectural, urban planning and construction activities. Financing of construction activities is carried out from the republican and local budgets, funds from developers, as well as other sources.

The procedure for carrying out state examination of architectural and construction projects, the construction queues allocated in them, start-up complexes and estimates (budget documentation) is determined.

Architectural and construction projects, construction phases allocated in them, start-up complexes and estimates (budget documentation) are subject to state examination, carried out on a paid basis in cases and in the manner established by the Council of Ministers of the Republic of Belarus.

Chapter 6 is devoted to the functions of control and supervision in the field of architectural, urban planning and construction activities.

Supervision in the field of construction activities is carried out in order to ensure compliance by participants in construction activities with legislation, including mandatory compliance with the requirements of technical regulatory legal acts, in preparation for construction, development of project documentation, performance of construction and installation, commissioning works, acceptance of the facility into operation, and also during its operation during the warranty period.

The law establishes a list of functions performed by state construction supervision bodies. Law No. 300-Z establishes the rights of state construction supervision authorities and establishes cases as a result of which state construction supervision authorities suspend or prohibit work on construction sites.

Chapter 9 of Law No. 300-Z is devoted to the procedure for developing pre-project (pre-investment) and project documentation.

The Law of the Republic of Belarus dated July 5, 2004 “On architectural, urban planning and construction activities in the Republic of Belarus” determines the procedure for accepting into operation completed construction and reconstruction projects, including construction queues and start-up complexes.

The Law establishes standard operating (service) periods for the construction project (indicated in the project documentation).

Resolution of the Council of Ministers of the Republic of Belarus dated June 6, 2011. No. 716 contains provisions on the procedure for accepting construction projects into operation. Objects, regardless of sources of financing, are subject to acceptance into operation by acceptance commissions.

The resolution defines the quality criteria by which, upon acceptance into operation, the object is assessed by the acceptance committee (222). If necessary, acceptance committees carry out control measurements, assign control tests, tests and inspections of objects.

Acceptance of objects into operation is formalized by an act of acceptance of the object into operation according to forms approved by the Ministry of Architecture and Construction. The act of acceptance of the object into operation is signed by all members of the acceptance committee. At the end of the work of the acceptance committee, its chairman presents the act of acceptance of the object into operation to the person (body) who appointed the acceptance committee. The act of accepting an object into operation is approved by a decision (order, resolution, resolution) of the person (body) that appointed the acceptance committee.

Chapter 2 defines the work procedure of acceptance committees. Acceptance commissions are appointed by the customer, developer or an organization authorized by them by adopting an appropriate decision (order, resolution, regulation), which indicates the composition of the acceptance commission, its chairman, appointed from among its members, and the start and end dates of the commission's work.

The developer (customer and contractor - in the case of concluding a construction contract) submits to the acceptance commission the documents necessary for the commission’s work according to the list determined by the Ministry of Architecture and Construction. The compliance of objects accepted for operation with design documentation, safety requirements and operational reliability must be confirmed by the conclusions of state bodies (their structural divisions).

Chapter 5 defines the features of acceptance into operation of production infrastructure facilities. Production infrastructure objects are allowed to be accepted into operation only after confirmation by the working commission for acceptance of equipment (working commission) that the installed equipment is ready for operation, production of products (performance of work, provision of services) in accordance with the design documentation.

The working commission is appointed by the developer, the customer or an organization authorized by them. The working commission includes representatives of the developer (customer and contractors, including those who carried out installation and commissioning work - in the case of concluding construction contracts), the developer of design documentation, the operating organization, if any, and, if necessary, representatives of the supplier (manufacturer) equipment.

The resolution contains a list of state bodies (their structural divisions) and other state organizations that issue conclusions when accepting objects for operation.

Decree of the President of the Republic of Belarus dated December 28, 2009 No. 660 “On some issues of the creation and activities of holdings in the Republic of Belarus” determines the legal status of the holding, the procedure for its creation and operating conditions.

A holding is an association of legal entities (holding participants), in which one of the legal entities - a commercial organization - is the holding's management company due to the ability to influence decisions made by other legal entities - holding participants (subsidiaries of the holding), on the basis of:

Ownership of 25 percent or more of ordinary (ordinary) shares (shares in authorized funds) of the holding's subsidiaries;

Managing the activities of the holding’s subsidiaries – unitary enterprises established by the holding’s management company;

Trust management agreements for 25 percent or more common shares (shares in authorized funds) of the holding's subsidiaries.

The holding is not a legal entity. A holding is created by decision of the management company of the holding or the owner, and a holding, the management company of which is a state unitary enterprise, is created by a decision of the republican government body, another state organization subordinate to the President of the Republic of Belarus or the Government of the Republic of Belarus, a local executive and administrative body.

The Decree defines cases in which the creation and activities of holdings are prohibited. It is prohibited to create and operate on the territory of the Republic of Belarus holdings that have the goal or result of monopolizing the production and (or) sale of goods (work, services), preventing, restricting or eliminating competition.

Before submitting documents for registration of a holding company, the holding management company (the owner or his authorized person) must obtain the consent of the antimonopoly authority for its creation in cases provided for by the Law of the Republic of Belarus of December 12, 2013 “On counteracting monopolistic activities and developing competition.”

State bodies and management companies of holdings with state participation ensure the development of an organizational and economic feasibility study for the creation of a holding.

The decree contains a list of documents required for registration of a holding company, which the holding management company (the owner or his authorized person) submits to the Ministry of Economy.

Registration of the holding is carried out by the Ministry of Economy. After registration, information about the holding is entered into the State Register of Holdings. The Ministry of Economy issues a certificate of registration of the holding with a list of participants in the holding.

The inclusion of a legal entity among the participants of the holding as its subsidiary (exclusion of a subsidiary of the holding from the list of its participants) is carried out on the basis of a decision of the holding’s management company, adopted in the manner determined by its charter (memorandum of association), or the owner. To include a legal entity among the participants of the holding, the consent of the antimonopoly authority must be obtained. If a decision is made to include a legal entity among the participants of the holding as its subsidiary and the consent of the antimonopoly authority is received (a decision is made to exclude a subsidiary of the holding from the list of its participants), the management company of the holding (the owner or his authorized person) is obliged to contact the Ministry of Economy with an application to amend the list of holding participants. The Ministry of Economy makes changes to the list of holding participants by drawing up a new list and issues this list to the holding management company.

The Decree determines the procedure for ensuring the confidentiality of information received by the holding from its subsidiaries. The holding's management company is obliged to ensure the confidentiality of information received from the holding's subsidiaries. It also regulates the creation of holdings with the participation of banks and non-bank financial institutions, insurance organizations, which is carried out taking into account the features defined by legislative acts.

The plan of measures for the implementation of the Informatization Development Strategy of the Republic of Belarus provides for the development of a state program for the development of the digital economy of the information society for 2016–2020. In development of this activity, the Ministry of Architecture and Construction of the Republic of Belarus is developing a sectoral program for informatization of the construction industry “Digital Construction for 2016–2020”.

The main sections of the activities of the industry program for informatization of the construction industry “Digital Construction for 2016–2020” include the following areas:

Development of an industry-wide automated system, which provides for the automation of the processes of generating information support for the preparation of management decisions at the level of the entire industry, using modern technologies of analytical processing and data mining;

Creation of integrated information systems for managing the resources of a specific enterprise (creation of standard innovative services);

The creation of information systems and technologies that support the life cycle of buildings and structures is a key section that involves the development and adaptation of standard cloud services for building a management system for investment and construction activities using information modeling of a building (structure) and the implementation of integrated project management systems based on them in contracting organizations;

Creation of industry information resources in order to create a unified information environment in the construction industry. This concerns the improvement of the republican data bank of estimate standards, the creation of an industry-wide design data management system based on a corporate repository of electronic design and estimate documentation and information models, an electronic catalog of products and materials for construction with the inclusion of digital models and product series in order to import this information into design solutions and ensure the rapid implementation of products manufactured by enterprises in the construction industry;

Training of students, advanced training of managers, specialists in the field of information technology, including the creation of new training centers, holding seminars and round tables.

1.4 Analysis of statistical data and analytical materials reflecting the development of the construction industry of the Republic of Belarus

The main indicators characterizing the construction industry of the Republic of Belarus are presented in Table 1 - Main indicators characterizing the construction industry of the Republic of Belarus for 2012 - 2016.

Table 1 – Main indicators characterizing the construction industry of the Republic of Belarus for 2012 – 2016.

Index	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016
Gross domestic product, billion rubles, 2016 – million rubles.	547616,7	670688,5	805792,7	899098,1	94321,4
Volume of contract work performed by type of activity: “Construction”, billion rubles, 2016 – million rubles.	69170,9	94989,1	105500,5	92255,8	8107,8
Share of gross value added by type of activity: “Construction” in GDP, %	7,3	10,0	10,4	7,8	6,3
Number of construction organizations, units	10082	11133	11351	10173	9515
Number of people employed in construction, thousand people.	360,9	369,7	376,7	350,3	308,0
The volume of investments received from foreign investors in the real sector of the economy, (thousand US dollars)	213191,0	200764,3	297270,8	111412,0	118691,5

In the structure of gross domestic product, the share of construction in 2016 was 6.3%. The construction industry employs 308 thousand people.

The share of those employed in construction of the total employed population is 7%. The nominal accrued average monthly salary is 736.2 rubles. The industry unites 9,515 business entities of various forms of ownership.

The main factor determining the development trends of the construction industry is the general economic situation in the country. The construction industry is characterized by inertia, which is expressed in the fact that the main sectors of the economy create demand for the products of the construction industry.

The change in construction volumes was influenced by the economic crisis of 2008–2009, as well as the economic downturn in 2012 and 2014, which resulted in the weakening of the Belarusian ruble. Waves of crises caused a decrease in the performance of industries in the Republic of Belarus, as a result of which the investment opportunities of business entities operating in the territory of the Republic of Belarus and the state decreased. There was a decrease in investment in fixed assets, which caused a drop in demand for construction and installation work.

The economic crisis is global in nature: it has affected the economies of countries, main trade and economic partners, and the Republic of Belarus. The situation on the foreign exchange market of the Russian Federation (devaluation of the Russian ruble), the fall in investment activity seriously affected the export volumes of enterprises of the Republic of Belarus. Belarusian developers have become less competitive compared to other companies. At the same time, the marginality of the Russian market has decreased. If in 2014 the Russian Federation was the main consumer of construction and installation works of enterprises of the Republic of Belarus, then by 2016 it took second place, losing its position to Venezuela. China ranks third in terms of consumption of construction industry products.

Demand in foreign markets for construction industry products has become less stable, competition has increased sharply, changes have occurred in the structure of exports of construction and installation works, and enterprise incomes have decreased. Foreign exchange earnings from the export of construction services, which are a source of development for both enterprises in the construction industry and the entire economy of the Republic of Belarus, are showing slow growth.

Export allows you to increase the capacity utilization of enterprises in the construction industry of the Republic of Belarus.

In 2016, 80.6% of the volume of contract work was carried out by non-state owned enterprises. Figure 3 shows the volume of contract work by type of ownership (as a percentage of the total).

The share of contract work performed by private organizations for the period from 2010 to 2016 significantly exceeds the share of contract work performed by government organizations.

State organizations engaged in the construction of facilities face high competition from private organizations, as well as the risks of implementing projects associated with the search for financing. The predominance of private enterprises performing construction and installation work indicates high competition in the construction industry, the result of which is an increase in the quality of construction and installation work, as well as the establishment of market prices for products and services. The growth in the number of foreign organizations is evidence of increased business activity in the industry and the efficiency of investing in the construction of facilities in the territory of the Republic of Belarus.

During the period under review, there was a constant increase in the share of private and foreign firms against the backdrop of a reduction in the share of the public sector.

The largest number of contract works is carried out in Minsk, Minsk, Gomel, Brest and Grodno regions.

The volume of buildings commissioned is presented in Table 2 – Volume of buildings commissioned for 2012 – 2016.

Table 2 – Volume of buildings commissioned for 2012 – 2016

In 2016, the volume of commissioning of non-residential buildings was 7% of the total number of buildings. In physical terms, the volume of building construction decreased slightly.

In 2016, the largest share in the structure of commissioned non-residential buildings was occupied by agricultural, industrial and commercial buildings. The above types of non-residential buildings represent the fixed assets of enterprises in various industries of the Republic of Belarus. Due to a decrease in the volume of investments in fixed capital, the commissioning of fixed assets decreased, and accordingly, the volume of commissioning of non-residential buildings in 2016 decreased. Increasing the investment activity of business entities in the Republic of Belarus will increase the volume of construction of non-residential buildings.

The largest share in the structure of costs for production of products (works, services) of organizations in the construction industry of the Republic of Belarus in 2016 is occupied by material costs - 53.8%, as well as labor costs - 26.0%.

The material basis of construction is the industry of building materials and structures. Reducing costs by optimizing the production costs of building materials and structures will reduce the cost of products (works, services), thereby increasing their competitiveness, both in the domestic market and in foreign countries. Reducing the cost of construction will increase the export of products, construction and installation works.

Increasing labor productivity will reduce the costs of production of products (works, services) of construction organizations.

The volume of exports of construction services from enterprises in the construction industry is presented in Table 3 - Volume of exports of construction services from enterprises in the construction industry for 2012 – 2016.

Table 3 – Volume of exports of construction services from construction industry enterprises

for 2012 – 2016 (Thousands of US dollars).

Total	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016
Total	374980,1	869879,8	1139231,6	979646,6	1016726,0
of them:
Venezuela	67104,0	25951,4	257033,5	134635,5	339942,7
China	21254,3	192950,1	231199,5	302541,8	224124,8
Lithuania	17725,5	53947,6	61709,6	26475,5	23533,3
Russian Federation	150300,9	307919,7	399740,5	301229,2	271803,5
Slovenia	21009,3	60996,1	42087,5	19667,2	13566,2
Turkmenistan	19224,0	64102,0	46570,0	87561,2	81151,0

In 2016, the largest number of construction works and services is exported to Venezuela, the Russian Federation, China and Turkmenistan.

The volumes of exports of construction and installation works and services increased during the period under review. Increasing export volumes is the main way to ensure the development of the industry, maintaining jobs and wages, which was achieved thanks to the active modernization of the construction industry. In physical terms, exports of works and services of enterprises increased.

The increase in export volumes is facilitated by:

Reducing the cost of construction of facilities by reducing costs at all stages of the investment and construction cycle (pre-project stage, engineering surveys, design, construction and installation work) and reducing resource consumption through the introduction of information modeling technologies;

Intensifying the participation of enterprises, as well as holding companies, in contract bidding for the construction of large-scale facilities outside the country;

Expanding export supplies to partner countries, searching for new markets, actively promoting products, works and services of Belarusian enterprises, as well as increasing the efficiency of foreign economic relations in the field of construction.

The development strategy for the construction industry is determined by the Ministry of Architecture and Construction of the Republic of Belarus.

The structure of the Ministry of Architecture and Construction of the Republic of Belarus includes:

Subordinate to the Minister of Architecture and Construction are: the department of personnel policy, the department of regulatory support of the construction industry, the department of finance, credit and regulation of accounting and reporting in the construction industry, the sector of secret activities and mobilization preparation, the press secretary.

Subordinate to the First Deputy Minister are: the housing policy department, the information and control department.

The Deputy Ministers are subordinate to: the Main Directorate of Construction, the Main Directorate of Urban Development, Design, Scientific, Technical and Innovation Policy, the Main Directorate of the Industry of Building Materials and Structures, the Department of State Property, the Main Directorate of Economics and Foreign Economic Activity.

The structure of the Ministry of Architecture and Construction of the Republic of Belarus is presented in Appendix A.

In 2016, the largest number of objects under construction are located in the Minsk, Vitebsk and Gomel regions.

The number of unfinished construction projects includes objects on which all necessary work has not been completed within the time period established by the project documentation, which is why they are not ready for normal operation. These objects belong to the category of objects of excess construction. The number of unfinished construction projects also includes construction projects whose construction has been suspended or mothballed.

Positive dynamics are observed: the number of construction projects exceeding construction duration standards has decreased.

However, the number of objects of excess construction in progress remains significant (over 4 thousand objects), which indicates the need to take additional measures to strengthen control in this area. It is necessary to find out the reasons for non-compliance with regulatory construction deadlines.

The number of construction projects under construction is presented in Table 4 - Number of construction projects under construction for 2011 - 2016.

Table 4 – Number of construction projects under construction for 2011 – 2016 (units, at the end of the year).

The following construction holdings operate in the Republic of Belarus: Mogilevvodstroy, Zabudova, SmartTek, Energostroyinvest, ZKS, Belavtodor, Blagomir Group of Companies, Parus, Stroytrest-Holding, Zodchiy ", "Belarusian Cement Company", "Upper City - 1", "Belstroytsentr - Holding". The largest part of them are horizontally integrated holdings, consisting of enterprises performing construction and installation work in certain areas. Construction holdings include 105 enterprises.

The largest holdings are Belavtodor and Belstroytsentr. In the Republic of Belarus there are no vertically integrated holdings that carry out the entire technological chain from the production of building materials, design and ending with the construction of the facility, the creation of infrastructure, including banking, insurance, design, and research organizations. The Republic of Belarus has the potential and necessary resources to create vertically integrated holdings.

Construction holdings operating on the territory of the Republic of Belarus, the number of their participants are presented in Table 5 - Construction holdings operating on the territory of the Republic of Belarus.

Table 5 – Construction holdings operating on the territory of the Republic of Belarus.

In the Republic of Belarus, the most significant BIM facility will be the multifunctional complex “Gazprom Center” for OJSC Gazprom Transgaz Belarus, designed by the St. Petersburg design bureau “ViPS”. Thanks to the use of information modeling technology, it was possible to save $1.5 million. The designed complex is located in close proximity to the National Library and consists of several buildings that will house administrative offices, a hotel with a congress center, medical and sports centers.

The UK government, when launching a project to use BIM at all government facilities, set the goal of achieving a 20% reduction in construction costs. Already the first pilot projects made it possible to exceed this figure.

In the UK today, 5 schools are being built for the price of 4, which in monetary terms is 2 billion pounds sterling.

In Russia, a calculation was made of the savings that can be achieved on construction projects in Moscow. The state program “Housing” was taken as an example. Annually, within its framework, investments in housing construction are made in the amount of about 300 billion rubles. Successful implementation of information modeling technology will make it possible to save up to a third of the budget per year, or approximately 100 billion rubles. With the approximate cost of a secondary school for 1000 places being 1 billion rubles, the funds saved through the use of BIM can be used to build 100 new schools.

The research company McGraw Hill Construction, which studies the global construction market, has come to the conclusion that the more projects companies carry out using BIM technology, the greater the return on investment. The payback of implementing BIM, according to statistics, is 5 to 1. The payback of the technology is achieved both in the form of a direct return of money for construction companies and construction customers, and in the form of won tenders for design organizations.

An architect (designer) cannot be held responsible for the final result of construction if he has no influence on the implementation of the project. The cost of a designer’s mistake is extremely high and multiplies many times over the entire life cycle.

Through an end-to-end information system based on the information model of the object, the interaction of participants and construction logistics are organized throughout the entire life cycle - from the architect, material manufacturers, designers and technical specialists, through accounting programs and warehouses to the construction site and commissioning of the finished object. In some areas, the efficiency of work has increased by 2 times. Thanks to forward planning, it is also possible to see the resource and manpower requirements for each day in advance.

Along with information modeling technologies or as their logical continuation, there is a comprehensive solution for automation of construction organizations based on SAP AG solutions.

Chapter 2. Individual task

2.1. Proposals for improving the organizational and economic mechanism for the development of the construction industry

The management structure of the construction industry requires improvement. The managerial (organizational) mechanism must meet the requirements of the time as much as possible. Particular attention must be paid to the issues of excess construction, cost optimization at all stages of the investment and construction cycle, improving the quality and competitiveness of domestic enterprises in the construction industry. The industry needs to maintain its production potential, ensure that the dynamics of construction volumes are maintained and that export volumes increase. With the recovery from the global crisis, the construction industry will require personnel and capacity of the building materials industry, which must be preserved.

1) According to the National Classifier of the Republic of Belarus “Types of Economic Activities” OKRB 005-2011, construction includes:

Construction of buildings: implementation of projects related to the construction of buildings and general construction of buildings;
Civil engineering: construction of roads and railways, construction of distribution engineering structures,
construction of other engineering structures;
Special construction work: demolition of buildings and structures, preparation of a construction site, installation and installation of engineering equipment of buildings and structures, finishing work, other special construction work.

The structure of the Ministry of Architecture and Construction of the Republic of Belarus is given in Appendix A. A comparative analysis of the structure of the construction industry by type of economic activity (by management objects) and the structure of the Ministry of Architecture and Construction revealed their inconsistency. In order to increase the efficiency of management of the construction industry, it is proposed to change the structure of the Ministry of Architecture and Construction of the Republic of Belarus by adding the following divisions to the existing structure:

– Department of building construction;

– Civil Engineering Department;

– Management of special construction works (Appendix B).

It is proposed to subordinate the above departments to the main construction department. As a result, a new management structure will be created, corresponding to the structure of the construction industry by type of economic activity.

2) Detailed control function in construction includes:

Creation of a system of independent bodies to monitor construction projects with exceeding construction deadlines. It is proposed to subordinate them to the Council of Ministers of the Republic of Belarus.

The main department and departments for the regions and the city of Minsk for above-standard construction will include specialists in the field of construction: design engineers, designers, civil engineers, estimators.

The tasks of the bodies are:

Collection of information about unfinished construction projects for which regulatory deadlines have been exceeded;
Compilation, modification and updating of the list of unfinished construction projects located in the regions and the city of Minsk.
Finding out the reasons for non-compliance with regulatory construction deadlines;
Work with appeals from citizens and legal entities (organizations) regarding issues of untimely commissioning of construction projects;
Transfer of information for inspection to the Department of Control and Supervision of Construction or its inspection in case of detection of violations of the requirements of technical regulatory legal acts, design documentation during construction and installation work;
Transfer of information to the State Control Committee in case of detection of offenses;
Transfer of a construction project into the ownership of another construction organization (alienation) through an auction or on a gratuitous basis to a state organization, in the event of detection of offenses, in the event that the organization that has exceeded the deadline for the construction of the facility is not able to complete the construction on its own. The transfer of a construction project is carried out after a state examination of the object in order to maintain the specified quality.

3) Formation of vertically integrated holdings, creation on their basis of clusters consisting of organizations that complement each other and include: design, construction organizations, organizations that produce construction products, research institutes, insurance, investment companies. The cluster is distinguished from the holding by its innovative focus, as well as the possibility of obtaining excess profits through the introduction of innovations into the production process and the creation of new unique products.

In a vertically integrated holding company, companies are internal suppliers to each other and, at transfer prices, transfer to each other along the chain the intermediate by-product necessary for the production of the final product. Thanks to this approach, companies reduce costs, unify operating rules and, within the framework of their holding, produce more competitive products than other enterprises in the same market segment.

Creation of vertically integrated production structures. Such companies operate on the principle of large corporations, combining in their structure several subsidiaries that provide a closed production cycle (vertically integrated structures in construction include: architectural and design organizations, enterprises for the production of building materials and structures, construction organizations, specialized installation enterprises).

Holdings are created in order to grow and scale, so it is preferable to combine mainly strong assets. Holdings must include enterprises with a certain (similar) level of economic development.

Holding companies are formed for a specific purpose - to conquer new market sectors and reduce costs. These factors increase the value of the company and its capitalization.

Integration companies have the following advantages compared to separate commercial organizations:

Realization of the scale effect of the resources used (human, material, financial, information);
Optimization of the conditions and cost of supplies to enterprises of domestic and imported material and raw materials;
Possibility of diversification of production (production of new products with high added value);
The ability to implement coordinated financial, investment, and credit policies;
Obtaining the image of a large and influential integration structure in the foreign market; increasing export revenues due to the development of new markets;
Optimization of marketing policy and sales;
Optimization of innovation policy, the possibility of carrying out major scientific developments; increasing the chances of attracting large extra-budgetary sources of financing, increasing the capitalization of enterprises, increasing investment attractiveness.

As a result, the effectiveness of production and economic activities increases.

When forecasting the production and economic activities of a consolidating structure, it is expected to obtain the effect of: optimizing management structures, optimizing material and technical supplies, and increasing export revenue.

The effect of optimizing management structures is defined as a reduction in labor costs by 0.3 - 1.3% (depending on the enterprise) due to optimization of the number of financial and economic services (sales departments, foreign economic activity, finance, logistics, service marketing) as a result of consolidation of sales and financial functions in the management company.

The effect of optimizing material and technical supply was calculated as a 5% reduction in the cost of raw materials and supplies as part of the total costs of production and sales of products by optimizing the conditions and cost of delivery of imported and domestic raw materials by creating a centralized supply system. It provides savings due to lower prices due to an increase in the volume of purchases by one buyer, which is the management company. As a result, suppliers are placed in conditions of fierce competition and are forced to offer more favorable prices and delivery conditions.

The effect of an increase in export revenue was defined as an increase of 5% due to the development of new markets (CIS countries, the Middle East, the European Union), optimization of sales policy and sales marketing, consolidation of the distribution network through the distribution of stable market positions of stronger participants of the consolidating structure to other enterprises, included in the structure of an integrated company. Forecast calculations showed that by fully utilizing the potential capabilities of integrated structures and building a high-quality risk management system in the medium term, it is possible to achieve an annual 10% increase in net profit with an average increase in sales volumes of 3.2% and a reduction in costs by 0.6%. .

The most important task of the holding is to ensure centralized financing and management, striving for a balance between controllability and independence of organizations.

4) Application of information modeling technology includes:

Purchase and use by design organizations, large enterprises and holdings in their activities of software that allows them to create a 3D model of a construction project, containing all the necessary information for planning and implementing the entire range of works on design, construction, logistics, and operation throughout the entire life cycle of the facility.

The created digital 3D model will allow you to determine the exact cost of the project. The technology allows you to accurately determine the need for materials, draw up a work schedule, and determine the costs of performing work at all stages of the creation and operation of a construction project. The technology allows you to set at the design stage all the necessary requirements for the quality of the object and significantly simplify the procedure for quality control of all operations during the implementation of the project.

Information modeling is the latest approach to the design, construction and management of technical resources of a construction project throughout its full life cycle.

BIM is a digital description of the geometry of a construction project and its elements, as well as the associated physical, technical, economic parameters and processes.

– Development of multi-variant design solutions;

– Optimization of energy consumption, environmental impacts and determining the operational qualities of the facility;

– Creation of high-quality design documentation and visual representations;

– Drawing up estimates and construction plans;

– Ordering and manufacturing of materials and equipment;

– Building construction management;

– Management of building operation and technical equipment;

– Design and management of reconstruction or renovation of a building;

– Demolition and disposal of the building.

The creation and use of BIM occurs continuously throughout the life cycle of a building.

Creating a model from information-rich graphic elements and interaction of all participants through a special server makes it possible to reduce the labor intensity of design by up to 70% and attribute the main costs of modeling to the cost of delivery and construction and installation work. According to foreign experience in using BIM (given the high productivity in developed countries), costs are reduced:

– By 30% at the design stage;

– 40% – at the construction stage;

– By 5% – during the operation stage.

The main goal of design is fast and high-quality construction.

The leading suppliers of software platforms that implement BIM technologies are Dassault Systemes (USA), Bentley Systems (USA), Autodesk (USA), Nemetschek (Germany).

The cost of the Autodesk Revit software product for one workstation is 2,000 US dollars or 3,890 rubles.

The competencies of design engineers should increasingly shift towards knowledge of the construction production process and planning tools, just as the competencies of engineers in the production and technical departments of contracting organizations should be enriched with knowledge of basic design programs and the specifics of the work of designers. For the successful implementation of a project using information modeling technology, highly qualified universal specialists of the professions of architect and engineer are required, when the author of the project has all the necessary skills and authority for its implementation.

Based on information modeling (BIM), it has become possible to use new organizational and management tools - the model is a source of reliable and verified data available for analysis and making effective decisions on the interaction of all participants in the process in accordance with the assigned task and the area of responsibility of each project participant. The design organization must be ready for economic design with planning tasks and financial indicators linked to it, and be able to create a project on the basis of which the customer’s service for managing the construction of the facility can function.

It is necessary to train designers who create digital elements and receive an information model of the object in modeling; there is a need to train specialists from the production and technical department and foremen, because now a representative of the technical department is constantly on the construction site and is responsible for making design decisions in close cooperation with foremen and designers.

Active development of information modeling technologies in the construction industry will allow us to quickly select design options for objects and have advantages in foreign markets.

The introduction of advanced management systems in construction organizations for the integrated optimization of production and management processes during design, construction and installation work will increase labor productivity, reduce costs and increase the efficiency of production management.

Conclusion

The main problems of the industry are: increasing the efficiency of government management of the industry, control over objects of excess construction in progress, reducing the number of long-term construction projects, increasing the capacity utilization of construction organizations, their participation in large foreign projects, reducing costs, reducing the number of errors, reducing time spent as in the design of objects, and at the stage of their construction.

Proposals for improving the organizational and economic mechanism for the development of the construction industry include:

1) Changing the structure of the Ministry of Architecture and Construction of the Republic of Belarus by adding the following divisions to the existing structure: building construction department; civil engineering department; management of special construction work. As a result, a new management structure will be created, corresponding to the structure of the construction industry by type of economic activity;

2) Creation of a system of independent bodies to monitor construction projects with exceeding construction deadlines. The main department and departments for the regions and the city of Minsk for above-standard construction will include specialists in the field of construction: design engineers, designers, civil engineers, estimators;

4) Purchase and use by design organizations, large enterprises and holdings in their activities of software that allows creating a 3D model of a construction project, containing all the necessary information for planning and implementing the entire range of works on design, construction, logistics, operation throughout the entire life cycle object.

List of sources used

1. “On architectural, urban planning and construction activities in the Republic of Belarus.” Law of the Republic of Belarus No. 300-Z of July 5, 2004 [Electronic resource] / Nat. legal information center The Republic of Belarus. – Minsk, 2017. – Access mode: http://www.pravo.by. – Access date: 02/22/2017.
2. National classifier of the Republic of Belarus OKRB 005-2011 “Types of economic activity” [Electronic resource] / National Statistical Committee of the Republic of Belarus. – Minsk, 2017. – Access mode: http://www.belstat.gov.by/. – Access date: 02/24/2017.
3. Investment Code of the Republic of Belarus / Adopted by the House of Representatives on May 30, 2001; approved Council of the Republic June 8, 2001; entered into force on October 9. 2001 – Minsk: IPA “Register”, 2001. – 56 p.
4. Buzyrev, V.V. Management in construction: textbook for universities / V.V. Buzyrev, I.V. Fedoseev. – M.: KNORUS, 2016. – 320 p.
5. Buzyrev, V.V. Economics of construction: textbook for universities / ed. V.V. Buzyreva. – 3rd ed. – St. Petersburg: Peter, 2009 – 416 p.
6. Golubova, O.S. Economics of construction: textbook / O.S. Golubova, L.K. Korban., S.V. Valitsky. – Minsk: TetraSystems, 2010. – 320 p.
7. Gorfinkel, V.Ya. Enterprise economics: textbook / V.Ya. Gorfinkel, 5th ed. – M.: UNITY-DANA, 2008. – 767 p.
8. State Committee for Standardization of the Republic of Belarus [Electronic resource] / State Construction Supervision. – Minsk, 2017. – Access mode: http://www.gosstandart.gov.by/. – Access date: 02/28/2017.
9. State regulation of the economy: textbook / Antonova N.B. – Mn.: Academy of Management under the President of the Republic of Belarus, 2004. – 775 p.
10. Dikman, L.G. Organization of construction production: a textbook for universities. – M.: Publishing House of the Association of Construction Universities, 2006. – 608 p.
11. Kazansky, Yu.N. Experience in organizing and managing US construction companies / Yu.N. Kazansky. – M.: Stroyizdat, 2007.
12. National legal Internet portal of the Republic of Belarus [Electronic resource] / Nat. legal information center Rep. Belarus. – Minsk, 2017. – Access mode: http://www.pravo.by. – Access date: 06/12/2017.
13. National strategy for sustainable socio-economic development of the Republic of Belarus for the period until 2020. [Electronic resource] / United Nations in the Republic of Belarus. – Access mode: http://un.by/. – Access date: 04/08/2017.
14. News of Belarus [Electronic resource] / Belarusian Telegraph Agency. – Minsk, 2017. – Access mode: http://www.belta.by/. – Access date: 08/27/2017.
15. Economic news [Electronic resource] / scientific and practical magazine “Director”. – Minsk, 2017. – Access mode: http://director.by/. – Access date: 07/04/2017.
16. Official statistics “Construction and investments” [Electronic resource] / National Statistical Committee of the Republic of Belarus. – Access mode: http://www.belstat.gov.by/. – Access date: 05/22/2017.
17. List of holdings of the Republic of Belarus [Electronic resource] / Ministry of Economy of the Republic of Belarus. – Access mode: http://www.economy.gov.by/ru/. – Access date: 09/02/2017.
18. Portal of news of the construction industry of the Republic of Belarus [Electronic resource] / Architecture and construction. – Minsk, 2017. – Access mode: http://arcp.by/ru. – Access date: 04/20/2017.
19. Promotion of Chinese construction services to the foreign market [Electronic resource] / JSC "Research Institute Stroyekonomika". – Access mode: http://www.stroyekonomika.by/. – Access date: 08/17/2017.
20. Savitskaya, G.V. Analysis of the economic activity of an enterprise: textbook / G.V. Savitskaya, 5th ed. reworked and additional M.: INFRA, 2009 – 536 p.
21. Stepanov, I.S. Economics of construction: textbook / I.S. Stepanov [and others]; under general editorship I.S. Stepanova. – 3rd ed. – M.: Yurayt, 2007. – 620 p.
22. Structure of the Ministry of Architecture and Construction [Electronic resource] / Ministry of Architecture and Construction of the Republic of Belarus. – Access mode: http://www.mas.gov.by/ru. – Access date: 02/28/2017.
23. Trushkevich, A.I. Organization of design and construction: textbook / A.I. Trushkevich. – Minsk: Higher School, 2010.
24. Shvedov, A.P. Organization and management in construction: educational method. complex / A.P. Shvedov, E.S. Balashova, I.P. Shvedov. – Novopolotsk: PSU, 2014. – 168 p.

Report on research practice on the topic “Economics and management of the national economy” updated: November 14, 2017 by: Scientific Articles.Ru

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