Just a century and a half ago, looking at the interior of an ordinary room, a person saw in front of him various objects made of metal, wood, glass, ceramics, paper and natural fabrics, and this seemed quite natural. Today, getting into such a room is simply unrealistic, because many objects are now made of plastic. Among this material, polyurethane plays a leading role.

What is polyurethane

Polyurethane is a unique synthetic polymer structure. Its peculiarity is that it can be hard like wood, elastic like plastic, stretch like rubber, have a monolithic structure or porous (foamed polyurethane). This abundance of material properties is explained by the ability to mix the components from which plastic is made in different proportions.

The first material was obtained on the basis of polyesters in 1937 in Germany. Cheaper, simpler polyesters began to be used in the United States in 1957. Since that time, products using polyurethane began to be widely introduced.

Modern competitors of the polymer on the market are polyethylenes, polystyrenes and polyvinyl chlorides. But they are significantly inferior to him in a number of possibilities. Urethane elastomer is an excellent construction material, superior to any other. And also, thanks to its urethane properties, it ranks higher than rubbers.

Receiving material

What is polyurethane? This is a material that is a product of crude oil refining. The raw materials for its direct production are isocyanate and polyol. These two components are mixed in a liquid state. Auxiliary components are stabilizing, catalyzing, foaming agents and various dyes.

The result is a reactive mass, which already takes on the appearance of polyurethane. The proportional ratio of the mixture components depends on which manufacturing recipe is chosen in the technical process. This way you can get a polymer with various properties from solids to viscous liquids.

For the convenience of further transformation, the material is produced in the form of granules. It is sorted by color and physical properties. These raw materials are supplied to enterprises for the production of parts and products from polyurethane, where they can be processed by any technological method for polymers.

Types of polyurethane, characteristics

The polymer industry in different countries produces the following main brands:

• Adiprenes.
• Vulcoprenes.
• Vulkollans.

All of them are polyester products.

What is polyurethane? It is an elastomer with the following characteristics:

• Mechanical strength.
• Wear resistance to abrasion.
• Elasticity. It remains virtually unchanged over a temperature range from - 50 to + 100 degrees Celsius.
• External attractiveness - decorative polyurethane.
• Dielectric properties. It has been experimentally proven that exposing a 2 mm thick plate to a voltage of 20 kW does not lead to its breakdown.
• Oil and solvent resistance.
• Not susceptible to ozone aging.
• They are not a habitat for microorganisms and molds.
• Water resistant. Therefore, it is advisable to equip bathrooms with polymers, for example, polyurethane skirting boards.

Polyurethanes are easily destroyed under the influence of certain acids, chlorines, and turpentine. Lowering the temperature below the negative threshold of 60 degrees leads to an increase in the fragility of the material. To increase the mechanical strength, various fillers are introduced into the elastomers.

Forming methods

Urethane elastomer belongs to the group of materials that can be easily processed. All basic methods of industrial plastic shaping are applicable to it. Can be used:

Also, polyurethane blanks can be machined on a lathe. The part is formed by applying different cutters to a rotating workpiece.

Field of application of polyurethane

Polyurethane is used in industry, construction, public and household services. So:

In industrial sectors, polyurethane is used in:

Advantages and disadvantages

Like any other material, polyurethane is not ideal and can be used indefinitely. All the advantages that it has naturally arise from the properties of the substance:

• It does not conduct electricity, which allows it to be used in the energy sector.
• Resistant to atmospheric influences, does not oxidize. Therefore, it is ideal for the production of building materials.
• Does not absorb moisture.
• It is durable and can be used to make various structural elements.
• It has a small mass, which is convenient for the manufacture of volumetric polyurethane beams that are easy to lift.
• Low noise material.
• He doesn't age.
• You can make products with different coefficients of friction.
• Ability to stretch over 600%.

Despite so many positive aspects, the properties of polyurethane are still very dependent on the operating temperature, so it can become brittle or fluid, lose elasticity - become rigid. The weaknesses of the material are as follows:

Recycling

What is polyurethane if it is not recycled? This is a material that will pollute the environment for many years. Therefore, methods have been developed for obtaining secondary raw materials from urethane elastomers and methods for disposing of waste unsuitable for recycling:

Conclusion

It is important to remember that each type of plastic, including polyurethane, has its own marking. It must be applied to all polymer products. Therefore, when collecting raw materials for ease of further processing, it is necessary to sort them.

The development of modern science does not stand still. Together with it, already known materials are improved, and new ones appear. As a rule, the basis is...

Polyurethane. What kind of material is this, its properties and areas of application?

From Masterweb

The development of modern science does not stand still. Together with it, already known materials are improved, and new ones appear. As a rule, synthetic polymers such as polyurethane are used as a basis. What kind of substances these are and what applications they have found in all areas of everyday life and production, we will find out a little later. Physical and technological characteristics allow their use even in the most critical industries: mechanical engineering, production of insulators and fasteners. Without them it is simply impossible to imagine a person’s daily life.

For a step forward

Despite constant developments, the urgent need for new high-quality materials remains very high. Modern life requires a huge variety of different substances: plastic and hard, tensile and durable. They must withstand stress, temperature changes, and aggressive use.

This need is forcing scientists to experiment with the synthesis of polymer compounds and the compatibility of inorganic and organic components in an attempt to obtain more versatile compounds. Polyurethane is such a polymer. It has a whole set of unique properties that have made it one of the most actively used in almost all spheres of life and production.

What kind of material is this: polyurethane?

First, it’s worth understanding in more detail the substance itself and why it is called thermoplastic.

This polymer compound combines the hardness of durable plastic and the plasticity of natural rubber. It appeared only in the middle of the last century, thanks to the efforts of scientists from the USA who were able to synthesize it. The physical characteristics of this material directly depend on the main component.

Basic raw materials

There are several types of raw materials from which polyurethane material is produced for the sole. These are polyesters and polyesters, as well as aliphatic isocyanate.

Now that we know what kind of material this is - polyurethane, we need to understand its possible compositions.

If the base of the substance has a higher percentage of polyether (propylene and ethylene oxide, isoprene), then the final substance becomes more resistant to the hydrolysis process, and also receives increased frost-resistant and wear-resistant characteristics.

Bases made of polyesters (linear products of phthalic acid) give the final substance the following characteristics:

• increase in tensile strength;
• increased wear resistance;
• possibility of restoring the original shape.

For wheels, polyurethane material based on the latter component gains increased ultraviolet resistance and ductility, even at temperatures below zero.

The main method for producing this substance is casting from granulate. The final elastomer can be in two states: viscous liquid and solid. Solids can be either crystalline or amorphous (that is, have only short-range order in the atomic structure).

To lengthen and structure the chains, glycols, water, glycerol ether or castor oil are used. These reagents set the molecular weight for linear polyurethanes.

The catalyst for the formation of polyurethane can be tertiary amines, beryllium, iron, vanadium or copper compounds, as well as lead or tin naphthenates.

The main feature of the substance

Finished products made from polyurethane material (insoles, for example) have different final properties, which may vary for each area of ​​its application. A key feature is the ability to set and adjust the necessary parameters at the initial stage of obtaining the material. This contributes to an ever-increasing expansion of the areas of its use.

If you do not pay attention to the predominant component that underlies thermoplastic polyurethane, the resulting material also has a whole set of general properties.

Key Features

Firstly, this substance has durability and endurance and holds its shape well. Secondly, its high strength under various deformations, such as stretching or bending, allows it to become indispensable in industries where the plasticity of the material comes to the fore. Thirdly, a good level of noise and vibration absorption makes polyurethane popular, for example, in mechanical engineering.

In addition, the substance can be painted, which does not affect the wear resistance parameters, since the paint is applied not only to the top layer, but paints the entire volume.

The temperature range of application of this elastomer ranges from -60 to +80 degrees Celsius.

Polyurethane, as a shoe sole material, is resistant to fats, microbes, bacteria, temperature changes, sea water, aging, and mechanical stress. To increase the overall strength of the material, it can be coated with a layer of reinforced fiberglass. Solutions of polyurethane in organic solvents are converted into various types of high-strength adhesives.

And one very nice bonus: this substance can be recycled.

Applications

The main areas of use of thermoplastic polyurethane are:

• Automotive industry;
• production of general consumer goods;
• shoe industry;
• manufacturing of sporting goods;
• cable production.

In automobile and mechanical engineering, this substance is used for the production of handles, shock-absorbing chassis supports, mats, springs, visors, various toggle switches and insulators. In some cases, decorative parts of the car interior are made from it.

In consumer sectors, soles, insoles and other similar shoe components, umbrella tips, etc. are made from it.

Polyurethane in the footwear industry

Polyurethane found its main use in everyday life in the shoe industry. Due to its basic qualities (frost resistance, elasticity, strength, durability and resistance to constant mechanical stress), it makes excellent soles, especially for winter types of shoes. The ergonomics of this polymer are high along with antiseptic properties, which allows it to be used for the manufacture of insoles.

The production of goods for recreation and sports is also not complete without polyurethane. It is used to make wheels for roller skates, sports tires, bushings and gaskets, tips for skis, special sports boots for snowboarding and speed skating, wheels for skateboards, connecting elements and various fasteners.

Brief summary

Now that we know what kind of material this is - polyurethane, it’s worth summing up. So, this elastomer is one of the most commonly used compounds. It is distinguished by a number of excellent technological, physical, chemical and design characteristics, which ensure its use in many industries and industries.

All these characteristics make the material economically viable for mass production. At the same time, the costs of this process are quite modest, both financially and in terms of time.

As a lining material, polyurethane is used for winding power cables and decorative elements of car interiors, for roller skates and insoles. The ability to set the necessary characteristics at the manufacturing stage allows you to expand the scope of application of this polymer and makes them almost limitless.

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People who are interested in modern construction or manufacturing often come across a material such as polyurethane. What it is and how it is used, you can find out in detail in this article. This substance is a very elastic polymer that is widely used in various areas of our lives: construction, medicine, heavy, shoe or clothing industries. Naturally, this substance is synthetic. It has a lot of advantages, which you will now learn about.

Advantages of the material

The presented material has quite a lot of advantages:

· Resistance to wear, aging and external influences.

· High strength.

· It is possible to change the level of elasticity of the material.

· Possibility of using the substance under high load.

· Wide temperature range in which polyurethane (you already know what it is) can be used.

· Used in many areas of human life.

· It is used to produce sealants, clothing, insulation, shoes, pipes and other products that are used in everyday life.

· Durability.

· Affordable price. This material, no matter what characteristics it has, is inexpensive, so it can be purchased by anyone with average or even

· Practicality and versatility.

· No deformation.

· Does not leave marks on the surface with which it is interacted.

Properties and technical characteristics of the material

The most common material today is polyurethane. What it is, what advantages it has, you already know. Now let's look at the technical characteristics of this substance.

So, the presented material can safely work in an aggressive environment, while its quality properties practically do not change. In addition, the substance works well in a fairly wide temperature range: from -60 to +80 degrees. Sometimes it can be heated to 120 o, but this process should not last long, otherwise the material will simply collapse.

The polymer is able to withstand heavy loads and is less susceptible to aging than other substances. It is resistant to wear, moisture, temperature changes, sunlight, salt, and organic solvents. Polyurethane (you already know what it is) is considered a very durable material. Moreover, its elasticity can be programmed during the production process. This material may have different characteristics, which determine the scope of its application. It should be noted that polyurethane can consist of one or more components.

Features of the production of the presented material

It should be noted that the production of polyurethane cannot be called simple. It takes a lot of effort, labor and energy. The process itself occurs by mixing several elements: polyol and isocyanate. In addition, polyetheramines are also added to this mixture. The entire process is carried out on fairly expensive equipment.

It should be noted that the raw materials are produced in a few countries: Russia, Germany, the USA and Italy. The presented material is manufactured and processed in several ways: casting, pressing, extrusion.

What products are made from the presented material?

Polyurethane is a very common material. A lot of products are made from it. For example, in medicine it is used to produce condoms, which are durable, smooth, low cost and environmentally friendly. Tires for car wheels are also made from this substance. They not only last much longer than rubber ones, but also do not leave marks.

It is also worth mentioning such polyurethane products as o-rings, bushings, and cuffs. This substance is used as insulation. The presented material is also used in the furniture industry for the manufacture of mattresses. If you buy polyurethane rollers, you can be sure that they will last for a long time.

A variety of suction cups, guide elements, bandages, linings, pulleys, pipe slats and other items are also produced from this material.

Where is polyurethane used in liquid form?

It must be said that this material can be used in different forms: liquid, foam and solid. The first type of substance is most often used for waterproofing flat roofs. The advantage of this material is its resistance to wear, moisture and other external influences. In addition, liquid polyurethane can be used on difficult areas of the roof where another insulator would be difficult to use.

It should be noted that the presented material can be used to seal holes and cracks in an old roof. The advantages of such waterproofing are:

Good adhesion;

Quick drying;

Strength;

Availability;

Ease of use;

Resistance to the negative influence of the external environment;

Ecological cleanliness.

Decorative products made from the presented material: advantages and features of use

It must be said that the presented material is used for the production of interior decoration elements. For example, decorative polyurethane is used for the production of cornices, ceiling plinths or other products. Stucco molding made from the presented substance is very popular. It is distinguished by its strength, resistance to mechanical loads, and the ability to create non-standard shapes. It should be noted that you can make decorative elements to order.

The advantages of such products are:

Strength;

Decorative appeal;

Easy installation;

Easy to maintain and use;

Low cost;

Different shades.

It must be said that, unlike gypsum decorative elements, polyurethane products do not turn yellow over time. In addition to cornices, you can order the production of columns, pilasters, and beams for stairs.

Features and use of polyurethane foam

The most popular material in construction and renovation is polyurethane foam. It has light weight, good heat and sound insulation qualities, and low cost. It is resistant to steam, moisture, sunlight and temperature changes.

Using this substance is quite simple. You just need to apply it to the desired area. However, it must also be taken into account that the material can increase in size. The advantage of the substance is good adhesion and the possibility of coloring.

In principle, these are all the features of using the presented material. Good luck!

Application for product/service

(PU for short) is a polymer characterized by elasticity and wear resistance. Polyurethane products are widely used in the industrial market due to their wide range of strength properties. These materials have replaced rubber products, as they can be used in aggressive environments, under high dynamic loads and over a wider temperature range. The operating temperature range for this material is, respectively, -60 °C - +110 °C.

On the industrial market, polyurethane is most often presented in the form of solid blanks (sheets, rods). But softer forms of polyurethane are also used, as well as material in liquid form.

Buy sheet polyurethane possible thickness from 5 to 80 mm, sheet size - 50x50 centimeters mm. Rods - with a diameter of 20 - 200 mm and a length of 400 - 600.

Polyurethane products provide serious competition to metal, plastic and rubber counterparts.

PU is a modern, popular and safe polymer. It is used for the production of a variety of consumer and industrial goods that make our lives more convenient and at the same time are environmentally friendly.

Properties, characteristics of polyurethane

Polyurethane (PU), characterized by high elasticity and viscosity, belongs to the group of elastomers. These materials are capable of elongating under load (tension) and returning to their original state without structural changes after the load is removed.

If we consider the “polyurethane - rubber” pair, then the first material is superior to the second in:

• elasticity - the relative elongation at break of polyurethane is twice as large;
• strength - strength is twice as high;
• abrasion resistance - the wear resistance of polyurethane is three times greater;
• resistance to ozone - does not collapse when interacting with ozone.

Polyurethane sheets, rods, and other products are distinguished by physical and chemical properties that determine the possibility of their use in various fields of industry:

• polyurethane is neutral to a number of acids and solvents, so it is used: in printing houses (printing device rolls), chemical industry, for storing chemical reagents;
• high hardness (about 98 units on the Shore scale) allows it to be used instead of metal where there are high mechanical loads. For example: for the manufacture of leading structural elements of tracked vehicles;
• The elastomer has high impact strength and vibration resistance. These qualities make it possible to use it for the production of drive belts, conveyor belts, springs, sieves for screens in the mining industry, dampers, and other products;
• resistance to high pressure makes it possible to use for the production of cuffs, rings, bushings, liners, and high-strength oil seals;
• PU has low thermal conductivity. It retains elasticity at temperatures as low as -50 °C. Also works at temperatures up to 110°C and can even withstand short-term temperature increases up to 140°C. This makes it possible to use the polymer for insulating refrigerated warehouses, manufacturing polyurethane wheels or wheels rubberized with polyurethane;
• Due to their resistance to gasoline and oils, the above-mentioned rubberized wheels are more preferable in terms of service life than rubber and rubber ones. Also, in terms of service life, polyurethane seals used in the oil industry win;
• polyurethanes are dielectrics, therefore the polyurethane coating provides not only water, thermal, but also electrical insulation;
• chemical inactivity, resistance to mold and microorganisms makes it preferable for use in the food industry and medicine;
• polyurethane sheets, bushings, rods, and other products can be subjected to repeated deformation without changing their strength properties. Long service life and reliability make such products more in demand compared to rubber analogues. For various industries it is possible to produce wheels, rollers, rollers, shafts coated with polyurethane, as well as rubberized mill drums or direct grinding surfaces.

Summarize. Polyurethane parts are little susceptible to the aging process and are resistant to environmental influences, moisture, chemical elements, abrasive wear, and corrosion. In terms of their properties, they are not inferior to metal, plastic and superior to rubber products.

Sheet polyurethane is a rectangular plate made of an elastic elastic polymer. The quality of polyurethane sheets is regulated by TU 84-404-78.

Methods for manufacturing polyurethane sheets - pressing, extrusion (extrusion), casting. The surface of sheet polyurethane, depending on operational requirements, can have both anti-friction and anti-slip properties. Properties are determined by chemical composition and structural features.

Most often, sheets are produced with a width from 0.1 to 0.2 m, a length from 1 to 1.5 m, and a thickness from 20 to 300 mm. This size range can be changed according to customer requirements.

Most common injection molding polyurethane SKU-PLF, SKU-7L.

Let's consider the physical and chemical characteristics of cast polyurethane SKU-7L:

• tensile strength - 30 MPa;
• conditional stress when the sample is stretched to 100% - about 2 MPa;
• range of operating temperatures - from -50 °C to 100 °C;
• hardness on the Shore scale - 75-85 units;
• density of polyurethane - 1180 kg/m³;
• relative elongation - 450%.

The unique properties of PU sheet products (sheets, slabs, plates), due to their durability and practicality, make them widely in demand in many industrial fields. For example, the following products are produced from sheet PU:

• construction industry - non-slip flooring; parts of facades resistant to vibration;
• design of machines, mechanisms - parts in contact with oils, tires, bushings;
• heavy industry - shock absorber parts, lining;
• light industry, for example shoe industry - shoe soles.

Polyurethane rods

This is a cylindrical blank made of wear-resistant elastic polymer. The quality of polyurethane rods is comparable to TU 2226-001-37455706-2011.

The methods for producing PU rods are similar to the methods for producing PU sheets: casting, extrusion, pressing.

There are two main overall dimensions of the rods: diameter from 20 to 300 millimeters, length, which is determined according to TU 84-404-78 by the indirect method. The main condition is that a workpiece of a certain diameter should not weigh more than 150 kilograms.

Unique properties polyurethane rods, due to the ability to synthesize polymers with different properties (for example, with different friction coefficients), make them widely in demand in many industrial fields. For example, the following products are produced from polyurethane rods:

• construction industry - facade elements, fasteners resistant to vibration loads;
• production of machines, mechanisms - parts in contact with oils, shafts, bushings, bearings;
• medicine - implants, prostheses;
• light industry, as an example - shoe, textile.

Foamed PU (foam rubber)

It is a porous synthetic product gas-filled with 85-90% inert gas. Depending on the production method and composition, it differs in the degree of elasticity. It can be either soft (foam rubber) or hard, which is almost not subject to deformation.

Widely in demand in industry, construction, two-component foam polyurethane– PUF, which is formed by mixing two components. The reaction proceeds very quickly - within 5-10 seconds the polyurethane foam foams and then hardens. The result is a light mass with low thermal conductivity, which does not rot, does not support independent combustion, and is not exposed to moisture, alkalis, organic solvents, or weak acids. Foamed polyurethane foam is in great demand as insulation and sound insulation. Perfectly fills pores, thereby preventing the formation of cold bridges. It is used in a wide temperature range from -60°C to +140°C, and practically does not change its properties over time.

Advantages, disadvantages

It is used in industry along with other materials such as metal, rubber, plastic. One of the main advantages of PU is the ability to obtain a product with the required adjustable friction coefficient. Also worth noting is strength, hardness, comparative lightness, and the ability to elongate up to 650%. In addition, PU is a dielectric, resistant to weathering and chemicals.

Polyurethane or metal?

Let's compare the “metal - polyurethane” pair to determine the positive properties of the latter. PU parts are more elastic, less heavy, and resistant to abrasives. Does not conduct electricity, has soundproofing properties. Polyurethane parts are more durable and cheaper than similar ones made of metal. The use of PU in production requires less investment during operation and repair, which leads to a reduction in the cost of the final product.

Polyurethane or rubber?

The rubber-polyurethane pair reveals the following advantages of PU: resistance to high loads, dirt, and oils; the ability to quickly restore shape after deformation; high elasticity.

PU or plastic?

And when considering the “plastic - polyurethane” pair, we can note the following advantages of PU: resistance to mechanical and impact influences, preservation of elasticity (even at low temperatures); resistance to abrasive compounds. Also, if necessary, a thicker layer can be formed from polyurethane than from plastic.

The main disadvantage of polyurethane sheets, rods, and other products is the difficulty of processing and waste disposal.

The material is unstable to chemical reagents such as nitric, phosphoric, and methanoic acids. In addition, at high temperatures, PU can be destroyed by prolonged interaction with alkalis. Polyurethane parts can change their physical and chemical properties when operating in a temperature range different from the operating one.

A number of products made from PU have significant disadvantages. For example, shoes with soles made of polyurethane material are considered “poorly breathable.” And stucco molding and cornices made of polyurethane foam can be easily damaged during operation due to their porous structure.

Manufacturing of polyurethane

PU is made using casting, pressing, extrusion, pouring on special equipment. The polyol and isocyanate included in the composition are products that are synthesized from petroleum.

The following types of elastomer are used on the industrial market:

• liquid, foam (foam, foam rubber);
• solid (sheet, rod, plate);
• sprayable (polyurea).

To produce solid PU, the technology most often used is injection molding or pouring a liquid molten mixture into open dies without pressure. Less commonly, the technological process of extrusion (extrusion) is used to obtain solid PU.

Price, dimensions, weight

The final cost of polyurethane sheets is determined by their thickness, size, brand, manufacturer, total order volume, and other factors (for example, delivery). The wholesale price is always lower than the retail price. Wholesale cost of 10 mm polyurethane sheet (0.5×0.5m) - from 1878 rub. (imported production) to 2160 (domestic). Plates with a thickness of 40 and 50 mm are more expensive - 8600 and 10760 rubles per sheet, respectively, standard dimensions, 0.5 × 0.5 m. For a polyurethane sheet 80 mm thick in standard sizes you will have to pay 14800 rubles, the weight of the plate will be about 24.5 kg ).

Weight of polyurethane sheet size 0.5*0.5 meters (thickness, mm – weight, kg):

• 5 - 1,65;
• 10 - 3,12;
• 15 - 4,74;
• 20 - 5,9;
• 25 - 7,95;
• 30 - 9,2;
• 40 - 12,5;
• 50 - 15,5;
• 60 - 19,6;
• 80 - 24,5.

The wholesale price of polyurethane rods starts from 94 rubles/piece (length 0.5 m, diameter 20 mm, weight - 240 g, imported). The cost of 1 kg of polyurethane rods (domestic) is from 690 rubles. A polyurethane rod with a diameter of 35 mm will cost 335 rubles. per piece, 50 mm - 665 rubles, 60 - 975, 80 mm - 1400 rubles, 100 - 2700, 150 mm - 6090, 200 mm - from 10810 rubles.

The price of polyurethane foam starts from 400 rubles per kilogram.

Story

Experiments to obtain a universal product capable of competing with plastic, rubber, and metal were conducted independently in the USA and Germany in the period from the 30s to the 40s of the last century. American chemist W. H. Carothers invented artificial rubber and nylon, and the famous German chemist-technologist O. G. Bayer is considered the inventor of polyurethane. O. G. Bayer and his team were the first to synthesize elastic, hard polyurethane elastomers.

Industrial production of the material began in Germany in 1944, in America more than ten years later - 1957.

In the USSR, work on the problem of polyurethane synthesis began only in the 60s.

During our work, both domestic and imported products have undergone many changes aimed at improving quality and developing materials with unique characteristics.

Application

Polyurethane sheets, rods, bushings, and other products, due to their versatility, are used in various industries. Here are some of them:

• construction (thermo- and water-insulating panels, sheets, stucco molding, cornices);
• chemical industry (adhesives, sealants, varnishes, paints);
• paper, printing industry (rollers, rollers, surface coatings);
• production of machines and mechanisms (machine components and parts, seals, surface coatings);
• oil and gas (seals, oil-resistant valves);
• mining industry (screens, coatings and grinding parts of mills);
• radio electronics (insulating materials);
• light industry (thread spools, twisting rollers, adhesives, substrates);
• medicine (catheters, implants, prostheses);
• food industry (conveyor belts).

So, polyurethane rods, sheets, and other products are in many ways superior to rubber, ordinary plastics, rubbers, and even metal in their technical characteristics, due to which the consumption of these products increases significantly every year. New application possibilities open up.

Polyurethane is one of the most popular multifunctional polymers and construction materials.

The "Mountain-3" jacket is recommended for outdoor activities (hiking, hiking), as well as as a field uniform for mountain rifle units of the Russian Defense Ministry. Loose fit that does not restrict movement. Hood with adjustment in three dimensions - along the oval of the face, vertically at the back of the head and side adjustment vision With buttons Adjustment of the volume of the sleeve above the wrist with a hidden elastic band with Velcro Elbows are protected with a removable polyurethane foam insert (included) Pockets: two lower volume pockets with buttons, closed with flaps, a Napoleon pocket on the chest, inclined pockets on the sleeves, closed with flaps with Velcro, internal waterproof pocket for documents with Velcro Tightening: at the waist with a cord at the bottom of the jacket jacket View all products by tag jackets with a rubber cord Material: 100% cotton, new high-quality tarpaulin, superior to analogues used by most other manufacturers New processing technology has significantly improved the resistance of the fabric to fading and abrasion Reinforcing linings -100% polyester polyester View all products by tag polyester rip-stop Attention! Before washing, remove the protective inserts in the knee/elbow pads from the corresponding pockets. Do not wash protective inserts in a washing machine. When washing tarpaulin items in a washing machine, traces of wear may appear. SIZING SELECTION: Download the size chart (.xlsx) to accurately determine the required size REVIEWS: Review from Survival Panda Discussion of this model on the forum YOU MAY BE INTERESTED in:

Demi-season boots, in which the ankle boots and the upper part of the vamp are made of nylon fabric with a density of 1000 D, and the lower part of the vamp is made of natural chrome leather with a thickness of 1.6 mm, are perfect for both employees of law enforcement and security departments, as well as tourists or people who are interested in active types of outdoor recreation. The undoubted advantages of this model are that the front part of the boot is protected from mechanical damage and moisture by a “Matrix” leather lining and, in addition, the toe and heel are reinforced with a special thermoplastic material to maintain shape. The lining of this model is made of durable nylon mesh. The high lacing system securely fixes the model on the foot; in addition, the presence of three pairs of hooks in the upper part of the boot allows you to quickly lace up the boots. The blind valve prevents foreign objects from entering the boot. The flexible and durable rubber outsole has a large tread pattern that provides optimal traction on a wide variety of surfaces, be it sand, gravel, rocks or grass. CITY TYPE ASSAULT BOOTS This model is a classic “tactical” police boot. Has been tested in many special units of Russia. Received the highest ratings for such indicators as wear resistance and comfort from the BULAT SOBR staff. Combined upper: genuine chrome leather (1.4-1.6) + high-strength fabric made from non-textured 1680D nylon thread. Lining: laminated mesh Sole: rubber with increased wear resistance (Italy), BUTEK 1. Method of fixing the sole: adhesive. Arch support: metal. Toe and heel: reinforced thermoplastic material. Sizes: 40-46. The blind valve protects the foot from environmental influences (dust, dirt). Black color. The toe part is reinforced - leather with high-strength PU coating "Matrix" (Italy). Weight: 545 gr. Technical characteristics Assault boots. Model Viper 2331 Manufacturer BUTEX Country Belarus Upper material natural chrome leather (1.4-1.6) + high-strength nylon fabric 1680D Lining material laminated mesh Sole fastening adhesive Instep support metal Toe and heel reinforced from thermoplastic material Sole material rubber of increased wear resistance BUTEK 1, (Italy) Available size range 40-46 Shoe color black Valve type blind valve Protection with linings made of high-strength leather “Matrix” with PU coating (Italy). toe part

Straight silhouette, length to mid-thigh Hood with a detachable edge, adjustable for volume and face shape Insulated with two layers of padding polyester, which is 270 g/m2 Quilted polyester lining together with padding polyester, which increases the service life of clothes (the padding polyester remains in place during dry cleaning or washing) Front zipper with two locks, unfastened both at the top and bottom of the jacket Windproof internal and external flaps covering the front “zipper”; trim on the hood; high collar and hem of the sleeves, adjustable in size using Velcro with an internal knitted cuff, prevent the cold from penetrating under clothing Windproof flap and pockets on the chest are fastened with large buttons, which are convenient to use with gloves Pockets: two pockets on the chest and two on the sleeve two internal pockets four pockets at the bottom of the jacket Drawstrings: along the waist and bottom of the jacket Material: 100% Polyamide with PU coating Product weight: 46/176 size -1140 g 50/176 size -1207 g 54/182 size - 1302 g 58/188 size -1430 g Constructed like a combat jacket, which involved serious checks and tests, having survived bursts of popular worship and periods of cooling, it returned to us calm and confident in its reliability, functionality and durability. Warm, durable, windproof and water-repellent, thanks to the fabric used in its manufacture (100% polyamide with PU coating), “Alaska” provides complete protection from snow, wind, moisture and cold. Insulation – two layers of synthetic fiber padding polyester (270 g/m2), which, unlike down, does not absorb moisture and is not afraid of frequent washing. The polyester lining is quilted along with it, which increases the service life of the jacket (the padding polyester remains in place during dry cleaning or washing). Unlike expensive membrane fabrics and down insulation, these materials do not require special care and do not raise the price of a jacket to sky-high heights. The hood, characteristic of Alaska, with fur trim, in combination with a high collar, covers almost the entire face if necessary, and is adjustable in terms of volume and oval of the face. The trim, made of natural or faux fur (your choice), can be detached from the hood. The inside of the collar and the edge of the hood that touches the face are lined with soft fleece. Serious barriers to wind and cold are also the windproof outer and inner flaps of the front two-way zipper, the belt and the bottom of the jacket that are tightened with a cord. Sleeves with internal knitted cuffs are adjustable with Velcro patches. The length of the jacket (up to mid-thigh) allows you to stay in the cold for a long time, and the loose silhouette does not restrict movement. Large buttons allow you to unbutton the jacket without taking off your gloves. The voluminous, warm front pockets are lined inside with a soft knitted fabric, and large buttons on the top pockets allow you to unfasten them with gloves. In addition to the six front pockets, there are two more pockets on the sleeve and two inside. A warm, comfortable jacket designed for long stays in the cold.

Demi-season jacket (Smok), outer layer Lining - light synthetic fabric, quick-drying, protects from the wind Large Canadian buttons (on a ribbon foot), difficult to tear off, easy to unfasten with hands in thick gloves All main seams are closed (locked) with a chain stitch. All loaded areas are reinforced with zigzag fasteners Loose straight cut, specially designed for lifting warm layers warm thermal underwear, fleece jackets, light insulated jackets like Base Primaloft) Central zipper and Velcro closure, a placket under the zipper along the entire length, protects from wind and chafing of the neck zipper, external flap to protect the zipper from clogging. Very high and wide collar. The hood is adjustable in three dimensions, the shape is comfortable when shooting, and does not block the view. On the chest there are Velcro for attaching name ribbons. Cuffs with Velcro patches. At the elbows there are reinforcements made of Supplex fabric (100% nylon) to protect against abrasion, a removable anatomically shaped impact-protective insert is included in the set. made of polyurethane foam Pockets: Napoleon pockets on the chest with zippers, four front patch pockets with buttons. Large volume, curved entrance to protect against small objects falling out. Internal organization (plastic half-rings, voluminous pockets made of fabric with a rubberized entrance) two side lower pockets of large volume, without bending the entrance (to facilitate access to the contents) sleeve pockets - voluminous, with a vertical zipper, Velcro on top for attaching chevrons two internal pockets with a vertical zipper zippers Drawstrings: internal tightening of the waist and bottom of the jacket with an elastic cord, the excess ends of the cord are passed through special loops so as not to get in the way Material: NYCO Rip-stop, 50% cotton, 50% nylon Reinforcement -100% nylon fabric Nylon Supplex rip-stop TEM- 500 WR. Lightweight, not rustling, breathable and very durable for its weight Product weight: 46/170 size -1254 g 50/170 size -1358 g 54/182 size -1362 g 56-58/182 size -1389 g SIZE SELECTION: Download the size chart (.xlsx) to accurately determine the required size REVIEWS: Review from Green" and Olga YOU MAY BE INTERESTED in:

Plain jackets are recommended as a set for the summer uniform “Security Guard” M4, M5 or M12 in the off-season Elastic knitted elastic band on the cuffs and waist for comfort Metal front “zipper” with an internal windproof valve The website presents a camouflage version of this jacket. Pockets: 2 spacious external pockets and 2 internal ones, 1 with a zipper with a section for a pen on the left sleeve Material: Twill -100% polyester with PU coating Insulation: Synthetic winterizer 150 g/m 2 Product weight: 44-46/170-176 size -631 g 48-50/170-176 size -662 g 52-54/182-188 size -689 g YOU MAY BE INTERESTED IN: If you are still flying in your sleep and can’t take your eyes off from a glider soaring in the sky - you will not pass by this model. Flight jackets, which were meant to combine functionality with simplicity, are reflected in this lightweight and practical urban jacket. The short demi-season Pilot jacket does not restrict movement and is comfortable for a bicycle, scooter or motorcycle. Thanks to the durable, water-repellent, wrinkle-resistant material (Twill (100% polyester with PU coating)) and synthetic padding polyester insulation (150 g/m2), from which the jacket is made, the “Pilot” easily withstands bad weather, is quickly cleaned and retains its original appearance for a long time. Elastic ribbing on the collar, cuffs and waistband provides soft but reliable protection from the wind. A powerful metal front zipper with an internal windproof flap declares reliability by its very appearance. Volumetric side pockets will allow you to place everything you need and will not allow your hands to freeze, and to keep small items safe, the jacket is equipped with two internal pockets and a pocket on the sleeve. Plain jackets are recommended to accompany the summer Security Guard uniform in the off-season. On the camouflage version, false shoulder straps can be used. We strongly recommend using front-loading washing machines; if you own a top-loading machine, we recommend washing clothes and equipment in a special mesh laundry bag to protect against possible damage from the washing machine drum parts. Before washing, you must fasten all zippers and Velcro fasteners and completely loosen all adjustments. If the outer fabric is membrane, then it is better to wash the product with the lining facing out (turned inside out). Wash on delicate cycle at 30°C with a double rinse cycle (it is better to use two rinse cycles to ensure that all detergent residues are removed from the fabric and insulation) and a medium spin. It is acceptable to use a drying drum at medium temperature (40-60°C) for 30-40 minutes or until completely dry; if the top fabric is membrane, it is better to dry the product with the lining out (turned inside out). You can hang dry the product with the lining facing out. To remove stubborn stains, you can treat the stains with a special solution such as Grangers Performance Wash or Nikwax Tech Wash before washing, allowing the detergent to soak in for 10-15 minutes. It is better to store clothes and equipment with synthetic insulation in a straightened (not compressed) state. How to restore DWR treatment on insulated clothing or equipment DWR is a special polymer applied to the surface of the fabric to give it water-repellent properties. DWR treatment does not last forever. During use of the product, as well as after a certain number of washes, the effectiveness of DWR decreases. If water droplets no longer roll off the surface of the fabric and wet the fabric even after washing, it’s time to restore the splashproof treatment. We recommend using a special spray-on or in-the-machine splash-proofing treatment such as Grangers Clothing Repel or Performance Repel, or Nikwax TX.Direct Wash-In or Spray-On. First, wash the item in accordance with the washing recommendations, then use the selected solution to restore the splash-proof treatment by spraying it directly onto the front of the item while it is still damp, or running a second wash cycle after pouring the required amount of wash-in into the washing machine . The manufacturer's instructions for the splashproof restoration product on the packaging must be followed exactly. Many DWR restoration products require heat activation, so it is best to tumble dry treated clothing and equipment on medium heat (40-60°C) for 40-50 minutes or until completely dry.

Reliable demi-season boots with a khaki velor top, in which the soft edging of the ankle is made of durable nylon fabric with a density of 1000D, are in high demand among young men leading an active lifestyle. Additional comfort is provided by a lining made of 3D nylon mesh. The undoubted advantages of this model are that the front part of the boot is protected from mechanical damage and moisture by an overlay made of Matrix leather, and the blind valve will not allow foreign objects to penetrate inside the boot. The toe box and heel of the boot are reinforced with a special thermoplastic material to maintain shape. It is possible to use a special water-repellent impregnation, which will further improve the performance of the boots in difficult weather conditions. The high lacing system allows you to securely fix the model on your foot, which is very important when walking on rough terrain. CITY TYPE ASSAULT BOOTS Combined upper: velor (1.3-1.5 mm) + 100% cotton (density 350g/m2). Lining: laminated mesh. Sole: rubber with increased wear resistance (Italy), BUTEK 1. Method of fixing the sole: adhesive. Arch support: metal. Toe and heel: reinforced thermoplastic material. Sizes: 40-46. Semi-blind valve. Soft edging. Color: olive. The toe and heel parts are reinforced with leather with high-strength PU Matrix coating (Italy). Weight: 610 gr. Technical characteristics Assault boots. Model Mongoose 24041 Manufacturer BUTEX Country Belarus Upper material velor (1.3-1.5 mm) + high-strength nylon fabric 1000D Lining material laminated mesh Sole fastening adhesive Arch support metal Toe and heel reinforced from thermoplastic material Sole material rubber of increased wear resistance BUTEK 1, (Italy) Available sizes row 40-46 Shoe color olive Valve type semi-blind valve Soft edging present Protection with overlays made of high-strength “Matrix” leather with PU coating (Italy). toe + heel part

Plain jackets are recommended as a set for the summer uniform “Security Guard” M4, M5 or M12 in the off-season Elastic knitted elastic band on the cuffs and waist for comfort Metal front “zipper” with an internal windproof valve The website presents a camouflage version of this jacket, allowing the use of false shoulder straps Pockets: 2 spacious external pockets and 1 internal 1 with a zipper with a section for a pen on the left sleeve Material: Twill -100% polyester with PU coating Insulation: Synthetic winterizer 150 g/m 2 Product weight: 44-46/170-176 size -611 g 48-50/170-176 size -721 g 52-54/182-188 size -741 g YOU MAY BE INTERESTED IN: If you are still flying in your sleep and can’t take your eyes off from a glider soaring in the sky - you will not pass by this model. Flight jackets, which were meant to combine functionality with simplicity, are reflected in this lightweight and practical urban jacket. The short demi-season jacket “Navigator” does not restrict movement and is comfortable for a bicycle, scooter or motorcycle. The only difference between the “Navigator” and the “Pilot” jacket is the presence of a patch collar. Thanks to the durable, water-repellent, wrinkle-resistant material (Twill (100% polyester with PU coating)) and synthetic padding polyester insulation (150 g/m2), from which the jacket is made, the “Navigator” easily withstands bad weather, is quickly cleaned and retains its original appearance for a long time. Elastic ribbing on the cuffs and waistband provides soft but reliable protection from the wind. The powerful metal front zipper with an internal wind flap inspires confidence just by looking at it. Volumetric side pockets will allow you to place everything you need and will not allow your hands to freeze, and for the absolute safety of valuable items, the jacket is equipped with two internal pockets and a pocket on the sleeve. Plain jackets are recommended to accompany the summer Security Guard uniform in the off-season. On the camouflage version, false shoulder straps can be used. We strongly recommend using front-loading washing machines; if you own a top-loading machine, we recommend washing clothes and equipment in a special mesh laundry bag to protect against possible damage from the washing machine drum parts. Before washing, you must fasten all zippers and Velcro fasteners and completely loosen all adjustments. If the outer fabric is membrane, then it is better to wash the product with the lining facing out (turned inside out). Wash on delicate cycle at 30°C with a double rinse cycle (it is better to use two rinse cycles to ensure that all detergent residues are removed from the fabric and insulation) and a medium spin. It is acceptable to use a drying drum at medium temperature (40-60°C) for 30-40 minutes or until completely dry; if the top fabric is membrane, it is better to dry the product with the lining out (turned inside out). You can hang dry the product with the lining facing out. To remove stubborn stains, you can treat the stains with a special solution such as Grangers Performance Wash or Nikwax Tech Wash before washing, allowing the detergent to soak in for 10-15 minutes. It is better to store clothes and equipment with synthetic insulation in a straightened (not compressed) state. How to restore DWR treatment on insulated clothing or equipment DWR is a special polymer applied to the surface of the fabric to give it water-repellent properties. DWR treatment does not last forever. During use of the product, as well as after a certain number of washes, the effectiveness of DWR decreases. If water droplets no longer roll off the surface of the fabric and wet the fabric even after washing, it’s time to restore the splashproof treatment. We recommend using a special spray-on or in-the-machine splash-proofing treatment such as Grangers Clothing Repel or Performance Repel, or Nikwax TX.Direct Wash-In or Spray-On. First, wash the item in accordance with the washing recommendations, then use the selected solution to restore the splash-proof treatment by spraying it directly onto the front of the item while it is still damp, or running a second wash cycle after pouring the required amount of wash-in into the washing machine . The manufacturer's instructions for the splashproof restoration product on the packaging must be followed exactly. Many DWR restoration products require heat activation, so it is best to tumble dry treated clothing and equipment on medium heat (40-60°C) for 40-50 minutes or until completely dry.

Lightweight boots are made of full grain leather. Valve and edging. leather. Even with tight lacing, moving over long distances will be easy and comfortable. The polyurethane sole is stable on various surfaces, be it wet grass in the forest or smooth stones in the mountains; they are not afraid of temperature changes and perform well in winter conditions. Sizes: 40-46 Boot height -24.5 cm. Gender: male Season: winter Main color: black Upper part material: natural full-grain chrome leather, faux leather tongue Lining part material: natural wool (70% wool, 30% PE) Bottom part material: TPE thermoplastic elastomer (Cross) Sole fastening method: glue-stitched Shoe type: ankle boots Size chart cm 22.5 23 23.5 24.5 25 25.5 26.5 27 27.5 28.5 29 29.5 30.5 31 Russian size (RUS) 35 36 37 38 39 40 Size determination Determine your size according to the following diagram: Place your foot on blank sheet of paper. Mark the extreme boundaries of the foot. Measure the distance between the furthest points of your foot. Find the appropriate size in the table above.

Universal all-season boots for light trekking and the city. Upper material – genuine leather (th. 2.0 mm) with PU coating + Cordura ®. Easy to care for and resistant to wear. The lining is a practical synthetic material on a Dintex® membrane. Well removes excess moisture from the foot and retains heat. Replaceable molded insole. Highly resistant to wear Durable nylon lacing ensures a tight and comfortable fit on the foot Two-component sole (heat-resistant rubber + EVA) - well-cushioned and non-slip The toe part of the boot has a rubber pad that provides additional protection from mechanical impacts when walking Multi-directional tread ensures optimal grip surface Stainless steel fittings The red, disheveled sun, yawning, creeps out from behind the distant ridges, looks at itself in every puddle, rings with drops and draws us into a festival of light and air. I would like to forget about the backpack that weighs down my shoulders, take a deep breath and look around, not at my feet. The road is far from simple... it lulls your vigilance, unfolding like a fluffy carpet, and suddenly, capriciously bending, throwing up obstacles and traps. It’s good that trekking boots have already been invented! THB "Berg" boots fix the foot, protect the feet from stones and impacts, “keep” on the terrain, do not get wet and remove excess moisture from the inside. Stability on difficult terrain, the necessary rigidity and elasticity of the boot are provided by a two-component sole (heat-resistant rubber + EVA). EVA (ethylene vinyl acetate) is a lightweight and elastic material, similar to foam rubber, with excellent shock-absorbing properties. It has low heat transfer, does not absorb moisture, and remains flexible at low temperatures. Thanks to the foamed structure of the EVA sole, the shoes spring well, easily restore their shape when deformed, retain heat, and do not allow cold to pass through. The outsole is made of wear-resistant rubber with a deep multi-directional tread that provides reliable traction on a variety of soils in any weather. The upper material combines full-grain leather with PU coating and durable, lightweight synthetic material Cordura ®, which reduces the weight of the boots and improves their breathability and wear resistance. The lining is a practical synthetic quick-drying material on a Dintex® membrane. It breathes, removes excess moisture well from the foot and maintains a comfortable temperature in the boot, protecting the feet from hypothermia. The replaceable, molded, anatomical sockliner is highly wear-resistant and antibacterial to provide arch support and ventilation. The heel supports the ankle, durable nylon lacing secures the foot tightly, and a rubber pad in the toe of the boot protects the toes from impact and increases the grip area on rocky terrain. Light, comfortable boots will make your journey shorter, just be careful and take your time while trying them on. To make it easier for you to “feel” the shoes, our stores have simulators of complex terrain Characteristics: Weight: 550 g (1/2 pair 42 sizes) Size range: 41-46

CITY TYPE ASSAULT BOOTS Upper: hydrophobic leather (1.2-1.4 mm), “DRYWALKSYSTEM” (R) (RUSSIAN KOZHA JSC) Lining: printed wool fur (merino). Sole: 2-layer (rubber + PU), BUTEK 3. Sole attachment method: adhesive. Toe and heel: reinforced thermoplastic material. Sizes: 40-46. The blind valve protects the foot from environmental influences (dust, dirt). Speed ​​lacing. Black color. The toe part is reinforced with leather and high-strength PU coating “Matrix”, (Italy). Weight: 600 gr. Technical characteristics Assault boots. Model Cobra 12034 Manufacturer BUTEX Country Belarus Upper material hydrophobic leather (1.2-1.4 mm), "DRYWALK SYSTEM"® (JSC "RUSSIAN LEATHER") Lining material printed wool fur (merino) Sole fastening adhesive Instep support metal Toe cap and heel reinforced from thermoplastic material Sole material 2-layer: rubber + PU BUTEK 3, (Italy) Available size range 40-46 Shoe color black Lacing type speed lacing Valve type blind valve Protection with overlays made of high-strength leather “Matrix” with PU coating (Italy ). toe part

“Mountain-3” trousers are recommended for active recreation (hiking, hiking), as well as as a field uniform for mountain rifle units of the Russian Defense Ministry. Loose fit that does not restrict movement. Belt loops for a wide waist belt. Waistband with a wide elastic band, which can be additionally adjusted with braid. seats, knees and along the bottom of the trousers. The knees are protected with a removable polyurethane foam insert (included in the kit), it is possible to use additional knee pads. The latest version of the trousers is compatible with D3O T5 and T6 knee pads (purchased separately!) The volume of the legs can be adjusted in the calf area using a hidden elastic band with Velcro Dustproof muffs with adjustable volume with an elastic band, equipped with an elastic strap Includes removable side suspenders, easily unfastened when wearing a jacket , slight adjustment in height is possible Pockets: two side welt pockets two rear patch pockets with buttons two side cargo volume pockets closed with flaps with buttons Material: Main material - 100% cotton, new high-quality tarpaulin, superior to analogues used by most other manufacturers New processing technology has allowed significantly improve the fabric's resistance to fading and abrasion Reinforcing linings -100% rip-stop polyester Attention! Before washing, remove the protective inserts in the knee/elbow pads from the corresponding pockets. Do not wash protective inserts in a washing machine. When washing tarpaulin items in a washing machine, traces of wear may appear. YOU MAY BE INTERESTED IN: REVIEWS: Review from Survival Panda Review from Vladislav Boychuk (tankist_sssr)

False shoulder straps can be used on camouflage jackets Elastic knitted ribbing on the cuffs and waist for comfort Metal front zipper with an internal windproof valve The website presents a plain version of this jacket Pockets: 2 spacious external and 1 internal pocket 1 with a zipper with a section for a pen on the left sleeve Material: Upper material 45-P Shadow Alpha Industries - Splav: 100% nylon Twill (Twill) -100% polyester with PU coating Insulation: Synthetic winterizer 150 g/m 2 Product weight: 44-46/170-176 size - 611 g 48-50/170-176 size -721 g 52-54/182-188 size -741 g Additional discounts do not apply to products with a red price YOU MAY BE INTERESTED in: We strongly recommend using washing machines with front loading, but if you own a top-loading machine, it is recommended to wash clothes and equipment in a special mesh laundry bag to protect against possible damage from parts of the washing machine drum. Before washing, you must fasten all zippers and Velcro fasteners and completely loosen all adjustments. If the outer fabric is membrane, then it is better to wash the product with the lining facing out (turned inside out). Wash on delicate cycle at 30°C with a double rinse cycle (it is better to use two rinse cycles to ensure that all detergent residues are removed from the fabric and insulation) and a medium spin. It is acceptable to use a drying drum at medium temperature (40-60°C) for 30-40 minutes or until completely dry; if the top fabric is membrane, it is better to dry the product with the lining out (turned inside out). You can hang dry the product with the lining facing out. To remove stubborn stains, you can treat the stains with a special solution such as Grangers Performance Wash or Nikwax Tech Wash before washing, allowing the detergent to soak in for 10-15 minutes. It is better to store clothes and equipment with synthetic insulation in a straightened (not compressed) state. How to restore DWR treatment on insulated clothing or equipment DWR is a special polymer applied to the surface of the fabric to give it water-repellent properties. DWR treatment does not last forever. During use of the product, as well as after a certain number of washes, the effectiveness of DWR decreases. If water droplets no longer roll off the surface of the fabric and wet the fabric even after washing, it’s time to restore the splashproof treatment. We recommend using a special spray-on or in-the-machine splash-proofing treatment such as Grangers Clothing Repel or Performance Repel, or Nikwax TX.Direct Wash-In or Spray-On. First, wash the item in accordance with the washing recommendations, then use the selected solution to restore the splash-proof treatment by spraying it directly onto the front of the item while it is still damp, or running a second wash cycle after pouring the required amount of wash-in into the washing machine . The manufacturer's instructions for the splashproof restoration product on the packaging must be followed exactly. Many DWR restoration products require heat activation, so it is best to tumble dry treated clothing and equipment on medium heat (40-60°C) for 40-50 minutes or until completely dry.

Lightweight boots are made of the softest leather. Modern eco-leather has all the characteristics of genuine leather: breathable properties, reliability in operation. Even with tight lacing, moving over long distances will be easy and comfortable. The polyurethane sole is stable on various surfaces, be it wet grass in the forest or smooth stones in the mountains, they are not afraid of temperature changes, and perform well on hot asphalt. Sizes: 39-45 Boot height -24.5 cm. Gender: male Season: summer Main color: black Upper part material: natural full-grain chrome leather, faux leather tongue Lining part material: non-woven material, abrasion-resistant and quick-drying, high density (only on the vamp and heel) Bottom part material: polyurethane Sole fastening method: side-stitched Shoe type: ankle boots Size chart cm 22.5 23 23.5 24.5 25 25.5 26.5 27 27.5 28.5 29 29.5 30.5 31 Russian size (RUS) 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 EUR 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 UK 3.5 4 5 6 6.5 7.5 8 9 9.5 10.5 11.5 12 13 1 3.5 Determining your size Determine your size using the following chart: Place your foot on a blank sheet of paper. Mark the extreme boundaries of the foot. Measure the distance between the furthest points of your foot. Find the appropriate size in the table above.

The jacket runs one size too big!!! If you wear 50 rubles, you need to take 48!!! Jacket from a winter field suit for military personnel of the Russian Armed Forces, model 2010. It differs from the original in its outer wind and waterproof fabric, lightweight non-removable insulation and a more convenient central fastener. Outer fabric is Oxford PU (100% nylon). Unlike the original mixed fabric, it does not get wet, protects from wind and is highly durable. Lining made of light synthetic fabric. Central zipper closure, covered on the outside with a placket with buttons (buttons in the original). Better protection from cold and wind, more convenient to work even with warm gloves. For simplicity and convenience, the insulation (sintepon) is made non-removable. The amount of insulation is less than in the original, the jacket is more demi-season for its intended purpose. Reinforcement of the elbows with pads from the second layer of fabric. Cuffs are fastened with Velcro patches. Shoulder straps with Velcro fastener are sewn onto the shoulders (location of the new sample). False shoulder straps included High wide collar with fleece lining. Fastens with Velcro. The hood is insulated with a layer of fleece and stows away in the collar. Tightens around the face, and in two dimensions at the back of the head. Fastens at the front with Velcro. The waist is tightened with an elastic cord with two fasteners on the inside of the jacket. A hanger loop on the inside of the collar. Pockets: two lower patch flat pockets with Velcro flaps. Chest slit pockets for warming the hands. With an inclined entrance at a convenient angle, insulated with fleece, an internal pocket for documents with a Velcro flap (on the heart side), made of water-resistant fabric. We strongly recommend using front-loading washing machines; if you own a top-loading machine, it is recommended washing clothes and equipment in a special mesh laundry bag to protect against possible damage from parts of the washing machine drum. Before washing, you must fasten all zippers and Velcro fasteners and completely loosen all adjustments. If the outer fabric is membrane, then it is better to wash the product with the lining facing out (turned inside out). Wash on delicate cycle at 30°C with a double rinse cycle (it is better to use two rinse cycles to ensure that all detergent residues are removed from the fabric and insulation) and a medium spin. It is acceptable to use a drying drum at medium temperature (40-60°C) for 30-40 minutes or until completely dry; if the top fabric is membrane, it is better to dry the product with the lining out (turned inside out). You can hang dry the product with the lining facing out. To remove stubborn stains, you can treat the stains with a special solution such as Grangers Performance Wash or Nikwax Tech Wash before washing, allowing the detergent to soak in for 10-15 minutes. It is better to store clothes and equipment with synthetic insulation in a straightened (not compressed) state. How to restore DWR treatment on insulated clothing or equipment DWR is a special polymer applied to the surface of the fabric to give it water-repellent properties. DWR treatment does not last forever. During use of the product, as well as after a certain number of washes, the effectiveness of DWR decreases. If water droplets no longer roll off the surface of the fabric and wet the fabric even after washing, it’s time to restore the splashproof treatment. We recommend using a special spray-on or in-the-machine splash-proofing treatment such as Grangers Clothing Repel or Performance Repel, or Nikwax TX.Direct Wash-In or Spray-On. First, wash the item in accordance with the washing recommendations, then use the selected solution to restore the splash-proof treatment by spraying it directly onto the front of the item while it is still damp, or running a second wash cycle after pouring the required amount of wash-in into the washing machine . The manufacturer's instructions for the splashproof restoration product on the packaging must be followed exactly. Many DWR restoration products require heat activation, so it is best to tumble dry treated clothing and equipment on medium heat (40-60°C) for 40-50 minutes or until completely dry.

Straight silhouette, length to mid-thigh Hood with a detachable edge, adjustable for volume and face shape Insulated with two layers of padding polyester, which is 270 g/m2 Quilted polyester lining together with padding polyester, which increases the service life of clothes (the padding polyester remains in place during dry cleaning or washing) Front zipper with two locks, unfastened both at the top and bottom of the jacket Windproof internal and external flaps covering the front “zipper”; trim on the hood; high collar and hem of the sleeves, adjustable in size using Velcro with an internal knitted cuff, prevent the cold from penetrating under clothing Windproof flap and pockets on the chest are fastened with large buttons, which are convenient to use with gloves Pockets: two pockets on the chest and two on the sleeve two internal pockets four pockets at the bottom of the jacket Drawstrings: along the waist and bottom of the jacket Material: 100% Polyamide with PU coating Product weight: 46/176 size -1140 g 50/176 size -1207 g 54/182 size - 1302 g 58/188 size -1430 g Constructed like a combat jacket, which involved serious checks and tests, having survived bursts of popular worship and periods of cooling, it returned to us calm and confident in its reliability, functionality and durability. Warm, durable, windproof and water-repellent, thanks to the fabric used in its manufacture (100% polyamide with PU coating), “Alaska” provides complete protection from snow, wind, moisture and cold. Insulation – two layers of synthetic fiber padding polyester (270 g/m2), which, unlike down, does not absorb moisture and is not afraid of frequent washing. The polyester lining is quilted along with it, which increases the service life of the jacket (the padding polyester remains in place during dry cleaning or washing). Unlike expensive membrane fabrics and down insulation, these materials do not require special care and do not raise the price of a jacket to sky-high heights. The hood, characteristic of Alaska, with fur trim, in combination with a high collar, covers almost the entire face if necessary, and is adjustable in terms of volume and oval of the face. The trim, made of natural or faux fur (your choice), can be detached from the hood. The inside of the collar and the edge of the hood that touches the face are lined with soft fleece. Serious barriers to wind and cold are also the windproof outer and inner flaps of the front two-way zipper, the belt and the bottom of the jacket that are tightened with a cord. Sleeves with internal knitted cuffs are adjustable with Velcro patches. The length of the jacket (up to mid-thigh) allows you to stay in the cold for a long time, and the loose silhouette does not restrict movement. Large buttons allow you to unbutton the jacket without taking off your gloves. The voluminous, warm front pockets are lined inside with a soft knitted fabric, and large buttons on the top pockets allow you to unfasten them with gloves. In addition to the six front pockets, there are two more pockets on the sleeve and two inside. A warm, comfortable jacket designed for long stays in the cold. We strongly recommend using front-loading washing machines; if you own a top-loading machine, we recommend washing clothes and equipment in a special mesh laundry bag to protect against possible damage from the washing machine drum parts. Before washing, you must fasten all zippers and Velcro fasteners and completely loosen all adjustments. If the outer fabric is membrane, then it is better to wash the product with the lining facing out (turned inside out). Wash on delicate cycle at 30°C with a double rinse cycle (it is better to use two rinse cycles to ensure that all detergent residues are removed from the fabric and insulation) and a medium spin. It is acceptable to use a drying drum at medium temperature (40-60°C) for 30-40 minutes or until completely dry; if the top fabric is membrane, it is better to dry the product with the lining out (turned inside out). You can hang dry the product with the lining facing out. To remove stubborn stains, you can treat the stains with a special solution such as Grangers Performance Wash or Nikwax Tech Wash before washing, allowing the detergent to soak in for 10-15 minutes. It is better to store clothes and equipment with synthetic insulation in a straightened (not compressed) state. How to restore DWR treatment on insulated clothing or equipment DWR is a special polymer applied to the surface of the fabric to give it water-repellent properties. DWR treatment does not last forever. During use of the product, as well as after a certain number of washes, the effectiveness of DWR decreases. If water droplets no longer roll off the surface of the fabric and wet the fabric even after washing, it’s time to restore the splashproof treatment. We recommend using a special spray-on or wash-in fabric spatter-reinforcement product such as Grangers Clothing Repel or Performance Repel, or Nikwax TX. Direct Wash-In or Spray-On. First, wash the item in accordance with the washing recommendations, then use the selected solution to restore the splash-proof treatment by spraying it directly onto the front of the item while it is still damp, or running a second wash cycle after pouring the required amount of wash-in into the washing machine . The manufacturer's instructions for the splashproof restoration product on the packaging must be followed exactly. Many DWR restoration products require heat activation, so it is best to tumble dry treated clothing and equipment on medium heat (40-60°C) for 40-50 minutes or until completely dry.

Warm and durable winter jacket. The most popular model. The website presents a camouflage version of this jacket. You can use false shoulder straps Quilted polyester lining together with padding polyester, which increases the service life of the clothing (the padding polyester stays in place during dry cleaning or washing) Front zipper with two locks, unfastens both at the top and bottom of the jacket Folds on the back to give additional freedom of movement Windproof flap covering the front zipper, knitted cuffs inside the sleeves prevent the cold from penetrating under the clothes. It is possible to complete the jacket with a hood, collar and lining. Stainless steel buttons are used. Pockets: 2 chest pockets and 2 at the bottom of the jacket. 1 internal pocket. Drawstrings: cord for tightening the belt and bottom of the jacket. Material: Oxford ( Oxford) -100% nylon with PU coating "Tourist" -100% polyacrylic with polyamide coating Insulation: Sintepon 300 g/m 2 SIZE SELECTION: Download

Lightweight boots are made of full grain leather and combined waterproof Cordura fabric. The “tongue”, flap and back are made of eco-leather: a modern material with all the properties of genuine leather. Even with tight lacing, moving over long distances will be easy and comfortable. The polyurethane sole is stable on various surfaces, be it wet grass in the forest or smooth stones in the mountains, they are not afraid of temperature changes, and perform well on hot asphalt. Sizes: 39-45 Boot height -24.5 cm. Gender: male Season: summer Upper part material: genuine leather + Cordura (black), artificial leather tongue Lining part material: unlined Bottom part material: polyurethane Sole attachment method: side-stitched Shoe type: boots Size chart cm 22.5 23 23.5 24.5 25 25.5 26.5 27 27.5 28.5 29 29.5 30.5 31 Russian size (RUS) 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 EUR 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 UK 3.5 4 5 6 6.5 7.5 8 9 9.5 10.5 11.5 12 13 13.5 Determining your size Determine your size using the following chart: Place your foot on a blank sheet of paper. Mark the extreme boundaries of the foot. Measure the distance between the furthest points of your foot. Find the appropriate size in the table above.

A fully camouflage version of the “Mountain 3” trousers, made of the same materials (new high-quality tarpaulin and reinforcements made of 100% rip-stop polyester) The colors of the tarpaulin and reinforcing fabric match each other and are an exact copy of the corresponding colors in the rest of the Splav company’s assortment Attention! Before washing, remove the protective inserts in the knee/elbow pads from the corresponding pockets. Do not wash protective inserts in a washing machine. When washing tarpaulin items in a washing machine, traces of wear may appear. YOU MAY BE INTERESTED IN: REVIEWS: Review from Vladislav Boychuk (tankist_sssr)

Warm and durable winter jacket. The most popular model. The website presents a plain version of this jacket. You can use false shoulder straps Quilted polyester lining together with padding polyester, which increases the service life of the clothing (the padding polyester stays in place during dry cleaning or washing) Front zipper with two locks, unfastens both at the top and bottom of the jacket Folds on the back to give additional freedom of movement Windproof flap covering the front zipper, knitted cuffs inside the sleeves prevent the cold from penetrating under the clothes. Stainless steel buttons are used. It is possible to complete the jacket with a hood, collar and lining. Pockets: 2 breast, 2 at the bottom of the jacket and 1 internal. Drawstrings: cord for tightening the belt and bottom of the jacket. Material: Oxford. ) -100% nylon with PU coating Insulation: Synthetic winterizer 300 g/m 2 SIZE SELECTION: Download