Possible days for conception. The best time to conceive a child

Don't put off your child for later

Young parents begin to mentally prepare for the arrival of their baby, probably already at the wedding table. Why is a family created, if not for procreation? Some even before marriage decide who they want: a boy or a girl. But what a surprise it is when no signs of pregnancy appear.

This article is for those who are waiting for pregnancy as a miracle, but for some reason it does not happen.In such cases, the young woman usually goes to the doctor. She wants to know how to get pregnant? How to calculate the best days to conceive?

To the doctor - together!

The spouse is most often invited to the antenatal clinic. You have to go there together, just as you once went to the registry office. The gynecologist, of course, will tell you how to calculate the most favorable days for conceiving a baby. But before that they will collect anamnesis ( anamnesis — a set of information obtained during a medical examination by questioning the person being examined and/or people who know him. The study of anamnesis, like questioning in general, is not just a list of questions and answers to them. Psychological compatibility, which largely determines the ultimate goal - alleviation of the patient's condition, depends on the style of conversation between the doctor and the patient. ) - find out when and what both spouses were sick with. After conducting the necessary research, they will make recommendations.

Doctors believe that it takes six months to prepare for conception. Within half a year, a woman’s body must become stronger in order to bear a healthy child. The man’s body, strange as it may seem, also needs preparation.

Vitaminization comes first!

Even if the couple is healthy, the man and woman will be prescribed vitamins. And both are the same. Folic acid, vitamins A, E, C; They will prescribe zinc and selenium.

You may ask: why?

The same general strengthening drugs act on the male and female bodies differently.

• Folic acid, which is called the “pregnancy vitamin”. In women before conception, it promotes the maturation of eggs. In men - high-quality sperm. However, the woman will take this vitamin until the end of pregnancy. A man can stop with the successful onset of conception.
• Vitamin A in men stimulates sexual desire and improves sperm quality. An unborn child needs vitamin A for his eyes. But usually doctors do not allow exceeding its dosage.
• “Women’s vitamin” E, which is called the vitamin of youth and beauty, takes care of the skin, bones, and nails. In men, it promotes sperm maturation.
• Vitamin C is a good stimulant. It will protect sperm from free radicals. It is also important for women.
• Selenium promotes the production of sperm and prolongs their lifespan, preventing them from dying prematurely.
• Zinc also increases sperm viability. This means it is useful for men for full conception.
• B vitamins are more often prescribed to women on the eve of conception: B6 - promotes the proper formation of the cerebral cortex in the unborn baby. The body of the expectant mother should be saturated with it. In addition, in combination with B12 and B1, it has a positive effect on the cardiovascular and musculoskeletal system of the developing fetus. There should be enough of these vitamins in the body of the expectant mother even before conception.
• Vitamin D is beneficial for both mother and child. It is necessary for the formation of healthy teeth in the baby. And to protect the teeth of a mother who is carrying a child under her heart.

When the future parents are stronger, physically and mentally prepared for the arrival of a small family member, they can begin to calculate the correct day of conception of their first child.

Methods for determining the best days to conceive

• calendar
• vaginal
• ultrasonic
• test
• calculator
• folk

Calendar method

The first method will probably be offered to you at the antenatal clinic. It consists of maintaining a women's calendar. But this must be done punctually, measuring the basal temperature in the rectum or vagina at the same time in the morning.

The data is carefully entered into the calendar. On normal days, the rectal temperature will be 36.6°. Immediately before ovulation it will rise to 37°. During ovulation - up to 37.2°. After a month, you can draw a curve by connecting the value points.

The next month, immediately after mensis, we again enter the measurement data into our calendar. It is advisable to continue measuring your basal temperature for three months in a row.

This will determine the length of your menstrual cycle. (Ideally it is 28 days). And calculate the days of ovulation, when the egg, having matured, enters the fallopian tube. The favorable moment for conception has arrived. As soon as your thermometer - it is advisable to use an electronic one - it is more convenient and accurate - shows 37°, it means that the favorable time for conception has come. Begin active sexual activity.

A cycle shortened to 21 days or extended to 35 days should not be considered a deviation from the norm. In the first case, ovulation, which lasts only two days, will occur on days 6-7-8. (The second half of any cycle is 14 days). Not even all gynecologists know this! And you will know. In the second - on days 20-22. And not on the 10th and 17-18th, as many mistakenly believe, assuming that for any cycle length, ovulation occurs exactly in the middle.

We should not forget that several times a year there are cycles without ovulation, when an egg is not formed.

Vaginal method

This method is quite simple. An experienced woman always feels ovulation. Vaginal discharge on such days resembles the contents of chicken protein. The mucus is just as viscous.

There are other signs too. Breasts become swollen. The ovary pulls and hurts - on the side where the egg is preparing to exit into the fallopian tube to meet the sperm. Sexual desire increases. This is how nature itself takes care of procreation.

How to determine the day of ovulation?

Ultrasound

One of the accurate methods for determining the days of ovulation is ultrasound. A woman can always use ultrasound monitoring. It is also called folliculometry.

A highly qualified doctor uses a device to monitor the entire process of ovarian maturation, starting from the 8-10th day of the menstrual cycle, or immediately after menstruation, every two days. Until the follicle reaches 1.8-2.4 cm during ovulation. But the maturation of the follicle does not guarantee pregnancy, since it may not rupture, but continue to grow until it forms a cyst. Normally, a ruptured follicle is indicated by the presence of fluid from the ruptured follicle in the back of the uterus and an increase in progesterone and the formation of the corpus luteum.

Note to moms!

Hello girls) I didn’t think that the problem of stretch marks would affect me too, and I’ll also write about it))) But there’s nowhere to go, so I’m writing here: How did I get rid of stretch marks after childbirth? I will be very glad if my method helps you too...

After observing a woman for two to three months, the doctor can name the exact days of ovulation, guided by characteristic signs on an ultrasound machine. Maybe he can determine the reasons for its absence during the anovulatory cycle.

Using the test

A test method can be recommended. You can buy test strips, similar to the strips used to determine pregnancy, at the pharmacy. Just like pregnancy strips, they are dipped into urine. Their color will depend on the estrogen content in the body.

You need to monitor this for exactly a week. On anovulatory days, one stripe will change color. The day before ovulation, both stripes will take on the same bright color. This means that the next day you can begin to create the miracle of another small life. He's the best!

This is the method that women like to use most. It is simpler than the basal temperature method and more accurate.

Calculator

Not everyone knows that there is a modern method for determining ovulation using a special calculator. This can be done on the website http://mypreg.ru/index.php?mod=calczachatiya

You can try it. For an accurate determination, you only need to enter the date of the last menstruation, the duration of the monthly cycle and the calculation period. The calculator will do the rest for you.

Suppose young parents have planned to conceive a child in the near future. A woman has a 24-day cycle. My last period was on October 1st. We take 3 billing periods: October, November and December.

The calculator produces the following results:

Best days to conceive: from October 9 to 17, from November 2 to 10, from November 26 to December 4.

As you can see, there are as many as 14 favorable days in November, use them to conceive.

Folk method

This ancient method of determining the most favorable days for conceiving your own child is very simple. The duration of the female cycle is taken and divided exactly in half. For example, a woman has a classic cycle of 28 days. We divide it in half. And we add and subtract one day at a time. This means that the best days for lovemaking will be from the 13th to the 15th.

Sometimes they take into account the lunar cycle, which is important in a woman’s life. It is believed that one should not conceive a child either on the new moon, or on the full moon, or in the last third of the lunar cycle, on the waning moon. The waxing moon is better suited for this.

Girl or boy?

While expecting a child, families wonder who will be born, a girl or a boy. Grandmothers are trying to determine this by certain signs. If the belly is cone forward: it means it will be a boy. If your belly is round and your hips are fuller, then you should be expecting a girl.

Now the sex of the child is determined by ultrasound. Ultrasound “sees” better than any grandmother: who is hiding in mom’s tummy.

But in young families where they are expecting their first child, they want to know the sex of the child even before he gets into this belly. Families that already have children are also planning a baby. I have a boy, I want a girl. Or vice versa.

Doctors believe that if sexual intercourse occurs on the eve of ovulation, a girl will be born. If after - a boy.

Eastern sages advise: in order to have a son, sleep with the head of the bed facing north. For those who are expecting a daughter - to the south.

READ ALSO:

Myths, horror stories and misconceptions about pregnancy and childbirth. Best selection: 63 myths -

Arrangement of life before the birth of a child: 8 tips for the expectant mother -

10 mistakes that prevent you from getting pregnant -

Why you can’t get pregnant: reasons and recommendations for those who can’t conceive a child -

Pregnancy begins with the fusion of male and female reproductive cells. The likelihood of conceiving a child depends entirely on whether the meeting of the egg and sperm occurs in the right place and at the right time. To carry out sexual intercourse in order to conceive a child, it is necessary to determine the most favorable period for conceiving a child.

The most suitable moment for conception is the time of ovulation (the release of a mature egg from the ovary). Female reproductive cells (eggs) are in an active state for a fairly short period of time during which fertilization must occur to conceive a child. The most favorable period for conception is when ovulation is about to begin. If you correctly calculate what day ovulation occurs, a woman’s chances of getting pregnant increase significantly.

To determine the most favorable period for conception, various methods are used, which, however, cannot provide a 100% guarantee of fertilization. After all, for conception a favorable coincidence of various circumstances is necessary and, in most cases, a healthy married couple needs from six months to a year to conceive.

Calendar method for determining ovulation

Using this method, the couple has sexual intercourse during the part of the menstrual cycle when the woman is most likely to conceive, i.e. when there is an egg in her body that is capable of fertilization. However, unlike menstruation, ovulation has no obvious signs, and its definition is quite arbitrary.

With regular menstruation

It is known that the egg matures approximately in the middle of the menstrual cycle, and, therefore, ovulation directly depends on its duration. With a cycle duration of 28 days, ovulation usually occurs on days 14-15 of the cycle, but can occur on any day from the 13th to the 17th day - this gives a period of 5 days when the possibility of getting pregnant is especially great. Since sperm can live for 3-4 days, 4 days before this period are also favorable for conceiving a child. And since the egg also has a certain period of viability (about a day) after ovulation, one more day is added to the 5-day period. The result is 10 days (from the 9th to the 18th day of the cycle inclusive), during which the probability of becoming pregnant is maximum. If the menstrual cycle is shorter (21-24 days), then ovulation occurs earlier - on days 10-12; if the cycle is long (32-35 days), then ovulation usually occurs on days 16-18 from the start of menstruation. The length of the cycle is not important if menstruation occurs regularly. In any case, the favorable time for conception is 10 days, counting 20 days before the start of the next menstruation.

For irregular menstruation

But in most cases the cycle is not strictly constant; the difference in its duration is 3-7 days, and this shifts the maturation period of the egg (changes the date of ovulation).

In this case, the woman should carefully record the duration of each cycle and determine the shortest and longest cycle based on the results of the previous year's records. The following calculations are made:

A) 19 is subtracted from the number of days of the longest cycle;

B) 10 is subtracted from the number of days of the longest cycle.

The number (A) means the first day on which conception can occur, counting from the beginning of the last menstruation. Number (B) gives the last day for conception. So, if the shortest cycle lasted 25 days, and the longest - 29, we get:

A) 25-19=6 and B) 29-10=19.

Thus, the days from the 6th to the 19th day inclusive from the beginning of the last menstruation should be considered favorable for fertilization. However, 15% of women have such irregular menstrual cycles that the calendar method cannot be used.

And even with a perfectly rhythmic cycle, ovulation does not always occur in the middle of the cycle, depending on various reasons that are difficult to take into account. There is an assumption that under the influence of sexual intercourse, taking a number of medications, especially hormonal drugs, additional ovulation may occur on any day of the menstrual cycle or the moment of its onset may change. And finally, sperm can remain fertilized for longer than 4 days, so even if intercourse occurs 4 days before ovulation, in rare cases the egg will still be fertilized. This is why the calendar method, based only on calculating dates, is not very effective.

Temperature method for determining ovulation

More accurately, compared to the calendar method, ovulation can be determined using the temperature method. Typically, a woman’s temperature rises sharply on the day of ovulation - by 0.6 ° C (due to an increase in the content of the hormone progesterone). This jump in temperature can be easily recorded using a thermometer and recording the results of pre-ovulation temperature measurements.

Immediately at the moment the temperature rises, the period of probable fertilization has most likely come to an end (in addition, the increased level of progesterone, which causes an increase in temperature, makes the cervical mucosa unfavorable for the penetration of sperm). This makes it possible to determine unfavorable days for conception in the period after ovulation - from the moment the temperature rises until the next menstruation inclusive. However, after the next menstruation, it is impossible to determine favorable days, since it is not known when the next ovulation will occur.

The essence of the method is to measure the temperature in the rectum (basal temperature). The temperature is measured in the morning, immediately after sleep, at the same time, without getting out of bed, with a thermometer inserted 5 cm into the rectum; measurement time 10 minutes. When measured daily, a graph of basal temperature is obtained, in which before ovulation the temperature is less than 37.0 ° C (usually 36.5-36.7 ° C), and after - above 37.0 ° C (37.0-37.2 ° C), the day before the temperature rise is the time of ovulation. If measurements are taken over a period of 3 months, the day of ovulation can be determined in advance with fairly high accuracy. A few days (5-7) before the temperature jump are most favorable for conception.

Cervical mucus analysis method

Another method, based on the menstrual cycle, involves analyzing the mucous membrane of the cervix. This method, in combination with the calendar method, can help determine the unfavorable days for conception between menstruation and ovulation.

Throughout the menstrual cycle, changes occur in the composition of the mucus on the cervix and its quantity. A sample of mucus is taken with a finger or a speculum inserted into the vagina. Approximately three days after the end of menstruation, there is usually no mucus. These days the possibility of getting pregnant is negligible. When mucus appears, it is thick and white, then it becomes more transparent and liquid and remains that way for two days (peak). The most favorable days for conception are considered to be the days from the first appearance of mucus to the 4-day period after the peak. You should consult your doctor about using this method.

Combined method for determining days favorable for conception

All of the above methods for determining ovulation do not give an accurate result. Especially if a woman does not have a regular menstrual cycle, ovulation occurs irregularly or additionally. Therefore, it is preferable to use several methods for determining ovulation at once to obtain a more reliable and accurate picture.

Method based on saliva crystallization

This method of determining ovulation is based on the fact that after menstruation the concentration of specific female sex hormones such as estrogens gradually begins to increase. Their concentration gradually increases during the first half of the menstrual cycle and reaches its highest value at the time of ovulation.

An increase in estrogen levels leads to an increase in the content of chlorides (NaCl, KCl, CaCl, MgCl) in saliva 2-3 days before ovulation. An increased concentration of salts in saliva leads to its crystallization when it dries.

It is necessary to monitor the changes occurring within several (5-6) days before the expected date of ovulation. Consistent and systematic analysis makes it possible to observe changes that occur in the structure of saliva during drying, depending on the approach to the day of egg release. The higher the salt concentration, the more clearly a crystalline structure is observed, resembling a fern leaf in appearance. Therefore, when examining dried saliva through a microscope on the day of ovulation, you can see patterns similar to fern leaves.

This method is quite reliable and economical, provided you have a good microscope. The reliability of the saliva crystallization test for determining the day of ovulation is quite high. Currently, there are even special mini-microscopes for sale for calculating the day of ovulation based on changes in saliva.

Ovulation tests (available at pharmacies)

Tests for determining ovulation are similar in principle to tests for diagnosing pregnancy. They are small strips with two indicators. Which, upon contact with urine or saliva, change their color depending on the concentration of the hormone. As the moment of ovulation approaches, a sharp increase in the concentration of luteinizing hormone occurs in a woman’s body, which in turn leads to the release of an egg from the follicle - ovulation. An increase in the level of this hormone in urine or saliva is the basis of these tests. Tests must be carried out daily, starting 5-6 days before expected ovulation, strictly following the instructions. Ovulation occurs within 24 hours after receiving the first positive result. Since ovulation is determined over several days, five tests are sold in one kit. Two indicator lines colored equally intensely indicate a peak in hormone concentration and the imminent onset of ovulation. This means that the next 2-3 days are the most optimal time to conceive a child. However, this method, like pregnancy tests, does not exclude errors, so it is recommended to combine this method with others, for example, temperature.

Ultrasound monitoring

The most accurate method for determining the approach of ovulation and the fact that it has occurred is ultrasound monitoring. This method allows you to observe the development and growth of the follicle and, based on these data, predict the date or even see the release of the egg - ovulation. Ultrasound monitoring is performed by a doctor in a hospital. Approximately 6-7 days after menstruation, using the vaginal sensor of an ultrasound machine, observation begins to see whether the follicles are maturing and in which ovary. Over the next few days, periodic examinations are carried out to obtain data on the growth of follicles, it is determined whether there is a dominant follicle (which will ovulate) and other indicators that make it possible to predict with a high degree of probability the approximate date of ovulation. This method is reliable, but not very convenient for a woman, because it is necessary to constantly undergo frequent examinations in the hospital, but on the other hand, with the help of ultrasound it is possible to identify failures in the ovulation process.

Thus, many methods, or better yet a combination of them, in our time allow a woman to determine the date of ovulation with high accuracy. This allows you to determine the most favorable days for conceiving a child.

The term “ovulation” itself comes from the Latin ovum - egg; This is the name given to the process of release of a mature egg capable of fertilization from the ovary into the abdominal cavity.

Physiologically, ovulation is one of the stages of the menstrual cycle. Ovulation in women of childbearing age occurs periodically, every 21-35 days - in the middle of the menstrual cycle (the cycle is usually counted from the first day of menstruation). The frequency of ovulation is regulated by hormones from the pituitary gland, an endocrine gland located in the brain, and ovarian hormones (estrogens and progesterone). Ovulation stops with the onset of pregnancy and after the cessation of menstrual function.

The most favorable time for sexual intercourse for the purpose of conception is when ovulation is about to occur and sperm have enough time to enter the fallopian tubes, where they “wait” for the release of the female germ cell, or immediately immediately after ovulation, when the egg is already in fallopian tube.

Day of Conception

If you correctly calculate what day ovulation will occur and have sexual activity during this period of time, then there is a high probability that the woman will become pregnant.

So, how can you determine ovulation? First of all, using subjective signs. This may include short-term pain in the lower abdomen, a feeling of a “bursting bubble” in the middle of the cycle, some women note an increase in sexual desire - this is due to the release of estrogens during ovulation - female sex hormones that are produced in the ovaries. Some signs can be detected during a routine gynecological examination, although it is difficult to imagine that a woman who believes that she has no reproductive problems will consult a gynecologist just to determine ovulation. However, a woman can notice a number of signs herself.

The day of ovulation can be determined by observing the secretion of mucus from the cervical canal. The maximum secretion of mucus is associated with a sharp increase in estrogen levels and coincides with the moment of ovulation. In addition, sometimes the stretchability of mucus is used, and its crystallization is also observed. During ovulation, the mucus becomes very viscous, it can be stretched between the fingers up to 8-10 cm. The more pronounced the crystallization, the greater the likelihood of ovulation. This phenomenon is most clearly manifested 3-4 days before ovulation and reaches a maximum on the day of expected ovulation. Crystallization is the result of biophysical and biochemical changes in the cervical mucus. During this period, there is an increase in the amount of mucus and an increase in the concentration of salts, primarily sodium chloride, which, along with potassium ions, is responsible for the phenomenon of crystallization. With pronounced crystallization, mucus looks like a fern under a microscope. There are special microscopes for home use that you can apply mucus or saliva to. The main changes occur precisely in the vaginal mucus, but they also affect the entire body, so for convenience they began to work with saliva, in which it is also possible to determine the symptom of crystallization. The action of the Baby Plan ovulation detection device is based on this phenomenon.

The next most accurate and informative method for determining ovulation is measuring basal temperature - the temperature in the rectum. The method is quite simple and does not require virtually any special equipment other than a regular medical thermometer.

Basal temperature is measured with the same medical thermometer in the morning, immediately after waking up, without getting out of bed. The measurement must be carried out at the same time, inserting a thermometer into the anus to a depth of 4 - 5 cm. Temperature measurement data is plotted on a graph, the vertical axis of which is the temperature, and the horizontal axis is the day of the menstrual cycle. The chart also shows days of sexual intercourse.

For many women, careful monitoring of the basal temperature chart can reveal that before the temperature rises, there is a short drop in temperature. According to this method, it is believed that the moment of ovulation occurs 12 hours before the increase in basal temperature or between the decline and the beginning of its rise.

Is it possible to choose the gender of the child?

When planning a pregnancy, few potential parents do not think about how to choose the gender of their unborn child in advance. Some need a boy, others need a girl. Such planning becomes especially relevant when the family already has one child. As a rule, parents dream of having a second child of the opposite sex.

There is only one way to more or less scientifically soundly try to plan the gender of the child. A sperm with a male set of chromosomes moves faster, but lives shorter than a sperm with a female set. Therefore, the coincidence of sexual intercourse with ovulation (about 14 days before the onset of menstruation in a 28-day menstrual cycle) increases the likelihood of having a boy, and the birth of a girl is more likely if intercourse occurs 2-3 days earlier. However, this rule does not always work, since it concerns the classic situation of parents who are “super healthy” in all respects. If one of the partners has health problems, this, as a rule, affects the “speed characteristics” of sperm. For example, this happens when the acid-base balance of the genital tract is disturbed or the qualitative composition of the secretion changes in women, or when physical fatigue occurs in men (it also affects the mobility of the “livelings”).

But all these listed methods give only approximate results. Their accuracy makes it possible to determine the moment of ovulation only by using all of them in a comprehensive manner and with fairly long-term observation. What allows you to accurately determine the moment of ovulation and guarantee it to be documented? Strictly speaking, there are only two such methods.

The first is ultrasound monitoring of the growth and development of the follicle - the vesicle in which the egg matures, and determining the moment of its rupture - ovulation itself. Often, with the use of modern devices, it is possible to see even the moment of release of the egg, if the study is carried out at the right time.

The second method is the dynamic determination of luteinizing hormone in urine (this is also an ovarian hormone, the amount of which increases during ovulation). This method is much simpler and can be used at home, for which special tests are used. Tests begin to be carried out 2 times a day (every 12 hours) 5 - 6 days before expected ovulation, strictly following the instructions attached to them. The determination is stopped after receiving the first positive result. Ovulation occurs approximately 16-28 hours after the first positive test result. To control, you can immediately conduct another test. The most convenient and informative use of tests for luteinizing hormone in conjunction with measuring basal temperature. Dynamic determination of luteinizing hormone was previously used only in specialized medical institutions, but now there are test strips, the same as for determining early pregnancy. Such tests are sold in pharmacies. Thus, the problem of determining the moment of ovulation should be considered practically solved.

It must be said that if there are no alleged problems with conception, then you can start with a simpler method - calculating your ovulation based on the duration of the menstrual cycle. To do this, as we have already said, the duration of the menstrual cycle must be divided in half. You can start “working” on conception, taking into account the fact that some sperm live up to 7 days, a week before the expected ovulation, the favorable period will end 3 days after ovulation.

Keep in mind that pregnancy may not occur immediately during the first “dangerous” period, because... Even healthy young women have 1-2 cycles a year in which ovulation (the release of an egg) does not occur.

In addition, ovulation is affected by stress, climate changes, etc.

Conception position

After you have calculated the most favorable days for conception, you must avoid douching, any soap and similar products after sexual intercourse. Firstly, the very fact of washing contributes to the mechanical removal of sperm, and secondly, hygiene products create an environment in the vagina that is unfavorable for sperm. And before sexual intercourse, you should take a shower in advance (30-60 minutes) so that a normal, natural environment can be restored in the vagina.

Couples who want to conceive often wonder: is there a special position they should use? It's safe to say that any position acceptable to both partners will do. After sex, it is better to lie on your side or with your pelvis elevated for 15-20 minutes to prevent sperm from leaking out.

We hope that our tips will help you move into the category of future parents as quickly as possible.

every woman needs at least twice a year. In a woman’s life, situations often arise when good advice from an obstetrician-gynecologist, an answer to a question, or a consultation are needed. But even if a woman has no complaints, it must be borne in mind that recently the asymptomatic course of gynecological diseases, including sexually transmitted infections and gynecological tumors, has become very common. Even pathological vaginal discharge does not always occur with such diseases. Without tests, it is difficult to distinguish them from normal discharge. With the hidden course of female diseases, there is no abdominal pain, bleeding, menstrual irregularities and other symptoms. Therefore, every woman needs preventive gynecological examinations and basic tests (general blood test, urine test, smear for flora and cytology), the results of which allow us to identify the presence of hidden asymptomatic gynecological diseases and infections in the early stages. The number of preventive gynecological examinations depends on previous diseases and other factors.

When you need good advice from a doctor, you can come for a consultation with a gynecologist at our gynecological clinic, ask the doctor questions about your health, undergo an initial gynecological examination and, if necessary, further examination and treatment.

Consultation with a gynecologist for early diagnosis of pregnancy

A consultation with a gynecologist and a gynecological examination are also necessary for early diagnosis of pregnancy. The first signs of pregnancy are inaccurate and often mislead women. During pregnancy, menstrual-like vaginal discharge is possible, and pregnancy tests may be falsely negative. For an accurate early diagnosis of pregnancy, a consultation with a gynecologist, pelvic ultrasound and determination of the hCG level in a blood test are necessary.

A good gynecologist is, first of all, a good diagnostician. Diagnosis of gynecological diseases is based on experience and knowledge. During the initial gynecological examination, the gynecologist will determine whether there is a need for more detailed diagnostics and consultations with other doctors. According to your indications, you will receive all the necessary treatment recommendations and referrals for tests. This will allow you to dispel many fears and doubts, notice unfavorable changes in women’s health in time, take measures to correct them, and begin treatment on time.

A woman is sometimes scared or ashamed to come to a consultation with a gynecologist and a gynecological examination. She is frightened by the examination procedure, and even by the sight of the gynecological chair. However, it is advisable for even a healthy woman to visit a gynecological clinic twice a year. The main task of an obstetrician-gynecologist at a gynecological clinic is to preserve the health of a woman, which is only possible through the prevention of gynecological diseases and their timely detection in the initial stages. At an appointment with a gynecologist in our gynecological clinic, you will forget about the fear of a gynecological examination. The polite staff of the clinic does everything possible to quickly and efficiently provide you with the necessary medical services.

Features of gynecologist consultation. Gynecological examination

Every healthy woman should undergo a gynecological examination twice a year to maintain her health, prevent and identify gynecological diseases in the early stages. To avoid the development of sexually transmitted diseases, infectious diseases and gynecological tumors, it is better not to postpone a visit to the doctor, but to come for a preventive examination and consultation with a gynecologist.

The gynecologist must know the individual characteristics of your body, all the gynecological diseases that you have suffered. Communication with a gynecologist at an appointment should be easy and confidential. Every woman should have her own obstetrician-gynecologist.

It is advisable to come to a gynecologist’s consultation for the first time at the age of 15-16 years, especially if the girl has not yet started her menstrual cycle. It is also necessary to come to an appointment with a gynecologist if a woman has already begun or plans to begin sexual activity. Gynecologists advise not only to undergo a preventive gynecological examination twice a year, but also to undergo basic tests, especially when a new sexual partner appears, to do colposcopy and gynecological ultrasound, because the asymptomatic (hidden) course of gynecological diseases is very common and difficult to diagnose. Many gynecological diseases, if not treated promptly, can lead to infertility, ectopic pregnancy or miscarriage.

Stages of consultation with a gynecologist and gynecological examination

Questions for a gynecologist

You can come for a consultation with a gynecologist and a preventive gynecological examination if you have no complaints or already have certain complaints. A consultation with a gynecologist begins with a conversation. First, the gynecologist asks questions and fills out a medical record. By asking questions, the gynecologist will find out what problem the woman came to the doctor’s office with. It is important for a gynecologist to know what diseases a woman has had throughout her life, which will tell him about her predisposition to certain diseases. Some questions may seem too intimate or unnecessary, but they must be answered absolutely honestly. Answer all the gynecologist's questions and do not hesitate to ask him questions, because the state of your health depends on it.

External gynecological examination

A consultation with a gynecologist may include procedures such as measuring blood pressure, determining weight, and examining the mammary glands. After which the gynecologist proceeds to a gynecological examination of the female genital organs. To do this, the woman needs to lie down in a special gynecological chair. The gynecologist conducts an external examination to identify possible discharge, irritation, rashes, condylomas, gynecological tumors and other pathological changes in the external female genitalia. Having completed the external gynecological examination, the gynecologist proceeds to the internal gynecological examination.

Internal gynecological examination

During an internal gynecological examination, an obstetrician-gynecologist inserts disposable plastic speculum into the vagina to examine the cervix. The gynecologist also evaluates the presence of discharge and other pathological processes. After removing the speculum from the vagina, the gynecologist performs a vaginal examination. The gynecologist inserts the fingers of one hand, dressed in sterile disposable gloves, into the vagina. The gynecologist places his other hand on the anterior abdominal wall. Thus, the doctor notes the size, shape, position, mobility, pain of the uterus and appendages, and draws attention to the presence of pathological space-occupying formations in the pelvis. If you experience pain when palpating, you should immediately inform your gynecologist, as this may be a sign of an inflammatory or other gynecological disease. Sometimes a gynecologist can perform a rectal examination (for example, when examining virgins) when the data from other examinations is insufficient.

Taking a smear for flora during an internal gynecological examination

A mandatory stage of a preventive gynecological examination should be taking a smear. A bacteriological study is a study of a smear of gynecological discharge. The number of leukocytes is counted in the smear and pathogens are looked for. More than 10 leukocytes in the field of view may indicate the presence of a sexually transmitted infection or inflammation of the female genital organs. Based on the results of the smear, fungi (candidiasis), “key cells” (bacterial vaginosis), changes in the normal flora in the discharge due to vaginal dysbiosis can be detected. The gynecologist prescribes culture of discharge and PCR diagnostics of discharge to clarify the causative agent of the infectious process if a smear shows the presence of infection, but does not identify its causative agent.

Taking a smear for cytology during an internal gynecological examination

Cytological examination (cytology) is a mandatory stage in the early diagnosis of cervical diseases and a mandatory analysis carried out before its treatment. Even if nothing bothers the woman and the cervix seems unchanged to the naked eye, the woman should regularly (every year) undergo a cytological examination of cervical scrapings. The gynecologist takes a scraping during an internal gynecological examination. The scraping is taken with slight pressure, while the deeper layers of cells are scraped off. This is a painless procedure. This is done because the malignant process begins from the lower layers of the cervical epithelium and progresses to the surface of the mucous membrane. Therefore, if only the superficial layer is included in the analysis, a diagnosis can only be made when the disease is already at a late stage of development.

Colposcopy

Colposcopy is an examination of the cervix under a special microscope - a colcoscope. The gynecologist uses colposcopy during an internal gynecological examination in order not to miss the initial signs of a malignant tumor, if nothing bothers the patient and the cervix seems unchanged to the naked eye.

Colposcopy has enormous diagnostic value in cases of suspected cervical cancer, for diagnostics erosions cervix, dysplasia, leukoplakia. Only extended colposcopy can help make an accurate diagnosis of cervical disease in the early stages and determine its malignancy.

Extended colposcopy is an examination of the cervix after treatment with a 3% acetic acid solution. The action of acetic acid lasts about 4 minutes. After studying the collopscopic picture of the cervix treated with acetic acid, the gynecologist performs the Schiller test - smearing the cervix with a cotton swab moistened with 3% Lugol's solution. The iodine contained in the solution stains glycogen in the cells of healthy, unchanged squamous epithelium of the cervix dark brown. Thinning cells (atrophic age-related changes), as well as pathologically altered cells in various dysplasias of the cervical epithelium (precancerous conditions) are poor in glycogen and are not stained with iodine solution. Thus, a gynecologist during colposcopy identifies areas of pathologically altered epithelium and, if necessary, marks areas for cervical biopsy.

Ultrasound of the pelvis and fetus

In gynecology, pelvic ultrasound complements the gynecological examination and is used very widely, because with its help, with a high degree of reliability, you can examine the pelvic organs and monitor the development of pregnancy (fetus). Pelvic ultrasound is an examination method that allows a gynecologist to get an idea of ​​all the pelvic organs, including the uterus and ovaries, which is of great importance in the diagnosis of gynecological tumors and inflammation of the female genital organs, and abnormalities of the uterus.

A pelvic ultrasound makes it possible to determine the causes of pathological discharge, uterine bleeding, pain in the lower abdomen and menstrual irregularities that are not visible during a routine gynecological examination.

Ultrasound allows you to determine the presence of pregnancy and fetal abnormalities. Ultrasound also plays a decisive role in the diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy and is necessarily performed before the abortion procedure to confirm the presence of a fertilized egg in the uterine cavity.

Consultation with a gynecologist based on the results of a gynecological examination and tests

To make a diagnosis, a gynecologist compares the results of a gynecological examination with data from anamnesis (the history of the woman’s life and illness), gynecological tests, complaints and the results of other examinations. Therefore, in order to make a diagnosis or ensure the absence of gynecological diseases, a woman needs at least two consultations with a gynecologist.

At the first consultation, the gynecologist performs the gynecological examination described above, colposcopy, pelvic ultrasound and collects material for gynecological tests. If a woman has complaints and symptoms of gynecological diseases, the gynecologist, during the first consultation, recommends to the woman what tests (except smears) she needs to undergo and prescribes symptomatic treatment to reduce the symptoms of the disease (pain in the lower abdomen, bleeding, itching, etc.).

A woman can take many tests during her first gynecological examination, but to take some tests she needs to come to the gynecologist again for fence material for analysis on a certain day of the menstrual cycle, after the necessary preparation or on an empty stomach.

At a follow-up appointment, the gynecologist advises the woman on the results of smears and other tests, if they were taken during the first gynecological examination. Test results may indicate the presence of a gynecological disease in the absence of symptoms, confirm a preliminary diagnosis made during the first examination, or indicate the need for further examination to make a diagnosis.

A complete treatment regimen for a gynecological disease is signed by a gynecologist after diagnosis. After treatment, and sometimes during treatment, a woman needs to come for a consultation with a gynecologist and take gynecological tests again to monitor the results of treatment.

Preparing for a gynecological examination

A woman needs to visit a gynecologist’s office several times a year if she cares about her health. The most optimal period for a preventive examination by a gynecologist is after menstruation. One day before consulting a gynecologist, it is not recommended to be sexually active. It is necessary to take a shower before examining a gynecologist, but douching has a negative effect, because... the doctor needs to see the real condition of the vaginal discharge and take a swab. There is no need to shave your hair before examining a gynecologist. If a woman has taken antibiotics and other medications, then it is necessary to warn the doctor about this. Sometimes testing for infections should take place no earlier than two weeks after the end of treatment in order to get the correct results. If you have to get tested for chronic infections, it is better to do this before or immediately after your period.

A consultation with an obstetrician-gynecologist and examination usually takes about 30 minutes. Try not to be nervous during the examination. Answer all the doctor's questions and do not hesitate to ask him questions, because... The state of your health depends on this.

It is necessary to come to see a gynecologist in the following situations:

Recently, the asymptomatic course of gynecological diseases, including sexually transmitted diseases, has become very common. Vaginal discharge occurs in such diseases, but more often they are the only symptom and appear periodically. Without analyzes It is difficult to distinguish them from normal discharge. Therefore, every woman needs a preventive examination by a gynecologist at least twice a year.

Pathological vaginal discharge is the main symptom of almost all gynecological diseases, including sexually transmitted diseases. If they appear, it is necessary to consult a gynecologist with an examination and tests for determining infections, including sexually transmitted ones.

Uterine bleeding in the middle of the cycle, increased and prolonged bleeding during menstruation. Consultation with a gynecologist with examination and Ultrasound in this case, they are necessary to determine the source of bleeding. Bleeding that occurs during pregnancy requires immediate hospitalization.

Abdominal pain. In female gynecological diseases, it is most often observed in the lower abdomen. A consultation with a gynecologist with an examination, tests and other examinations are necessary to identify the cause of the pain.

Problems with conception. Conceiving a child requires preparation. Gynecological diseases can negatively affect pregnancy and the unborn baby. Therefore, it is very important to come for a consultation and examination with a gynecologist to identify and treat them before conception.

At planning pregnancy a woman needs to come for an examination and consultation with an obstetrician-gynecologist, be examined and take a test in advance tests to identify infections, including - ureaplasmosis. Planning your pregnancy and performing a gynecological examination during pregnancy allows you to avoid complications and unpleasant surprises during pregnancy.

Diagnosis of pregnancy. The first signs of pregnancy before a missed period are inaccurate and often mislead women. During pregnancy, menstrual-like discharge is possible. In order to diagnose pregnancy in a timely manner, at the slightest suspicion, you need to consult a gynecologist, do an ultrasound and a blood test for hCG.

Termination of pregnancy (medical abortion). In the event of an unwanted pregnancy, you will receive qualified advice from an obstetrician-gynecologist on how to terminate it. Medical abortion is the least traumatic for a woman.

Contraception. Every woman should, with the help of a gynecologist, choose the most suitable means of protection against unwanted pregnancy for her. This requires a consultation with a gynecologist with an examination, ultrasound, and, if necessary, hormonal studies and other tests.

Hormonal disbalance. Often the main cause of diseases of the female reproductive system is hormonal changes (hormonal imbalance). During your consultation, your gynecologist will prescribe the necessary examinations to diagnose hormonal disorders.

Menstrual irregularities. Ovarian dysfunction is most often a symptom of serious gynecological diseases. A consultation with a gynecologist and an examination is necessary to identify these diseases.

From symptoms of premenstrual syndrome ninety percent of all women are affected. Before your period a woman may experience many unpleasant and painful sensations that should not normally exist. A woman should not put up with these sensations and suffer in silence; she must come for a consultation with a gynecologist.

Tides and painful sexual intercourse are the most common symptoms of menopause. During the consultation, the gynecologist will tell the woman how to alleviate the pathological menopause. A very dangerous symptom is the appearance of bloody discharge from the genitals after menopause. When they appear, a woman should consult a gynecologist for an examination immediately.

Cervical erosion. One of the most common diseases, which may not manifest itself in any way and can only be detected during a preventive gynecological examination.

Uterine fibroids. It may also not manifest itself in any way and be detected only during a preventive gynecological examination. Asymptomatic progression can lead to severe growth of the node, bleeding and surgical intervention.

Endometrial hyperplasia often asymptomatic, but more often manifests itself as dysfunctional uterine bleeding. Often the diagnosis of endometrial hyperplasia is made when a woman comes to see a gynecologist about infertility.

Polyps of the uterus (endometrium) and cervix(cervical canal). In recent years, polyps of the uterus and cervix have been found even in teenage girls. They do not manifest themselves in any way for a long time and over time can become malignant. For their timely detection, every woman needs a consultation with a gynecologist and a preventive examination twice a year.

Ovarian cyst. During a routine ultrasound examination, a gynecologist may detect an ovarian cyst in a woman. Some cysts may disappear on their own, but in many cases a course of hormonal treatment is required, and in some cases surgery is required to get rid of the source of the danger.

Spikes are formed when an acute inflammatory process in the female genital organs becomes chronic and the healing process extends over time. Adhesive disease is practically untreatable. Therefore, to avoid the formation of adhesions, if symptoms occur inflammation Immediately come for an appointment with a gynecologist.

Cervicitis- inflammation of the mucous membrane of the cervix. May manifest as pathological discharge, burning, itching. If the flow is hidden, it may not manifest itself in any way. Therefore, every woman needs a preventive consultation with a gynecologist with an examination at least twice a year. The causative agents of infection are often gonococci and Trichomonas.

Thrush (or vaginal candidiasis) Caused by yeast-like fungi of the genus Candida. It often becomes chronic due to improper self-medication. To select the correct treatment and identify infections that often accompany exacerbation of thrush, which a woman may not even suspect (including sexually transmitted infections), it is necessary to consult a gynecologist for an examination.

Vaginal dysbiosis- this is a violation of the normal microflora of the vagina. This disease affects most women; it is often the result of improper self-medication. Dysbacteriosis can lead to the development of inflammatory gynecological diseases. Before prescribing medications to normalize the vaginal microflora, a consultation with a gynecologist, examination and tests is necessary.

For examination on syphilis a woman can also come for a consultation and examination with a gynecologist . Syphilis is a chronic venereal disease that affects the skin, mucous membranes, many internal organs, bones and the nervous system. Recently, it has often been completely asymptomatic. The RW (Wassermann reaction) used to diagnose syphilis is often false-positive and false-negative and is very outdated.

Advantages of the Demetra Gynecological Clinic

• The consultation is conducted by highly qualified gynecologists with extensive experience.
• Considering the frequent imitation of gynecological diseases in the pathology of other organs, close cooperation is carried out between gynecologists and the therapist for the benefit of patients
• Modern methods of diagnosis and treatment of diseases, incl. laboratory tests, pelvic ultrasound and pregnancy ultrasound, colposcopy
• Treatment of diseases without hospitalization (outpatient)
• Convenient location of the clinic in Kyiv: Darnitsky district, near Poznyaki metro station
• Convenient working hours by appointment only
• If you have any questions, call us, our employees will provide all the necessary information

Conception is a natural and physiological process that gives rise to a new life. Unfortunately, with today's crazy pace of life, many couples have difficulty conceiving. In cases where pregnancy does not occur for some reason, special methods are used to calculate favorable days for conceiving a child.

When does conception occur?

Conception is preceded by ovulation, which occurs monthly in a healthy female body.

• The ovulation process is caused by the movement of an egg, which appears as a result of the rupture of a mature follicle, from the ovary into the fallopian tube. The egg is capable of conception within 24 hours;
• To do this, the egg must meet the male sperm, which is active for three to four days;
• If sexual intercourse took place long before or after ovulation, then pregnancy will not occur, the sperm will die, and the egg will be released along with menstrual bleeding.

There is no specific day in the menstrual period for ovulation; everything is individual for each woman. Most often, ovulation can be calculated by the following signs:

1. unpleasant or painful sensations in the lower abdomen;
2. swelling of the mammary glands;
3. increased libido;
4. change in the consistency of vaginal discharge;
5. change in mental state (excessive emotionality, irritability).

Calculation methods

None of the methods for calculating ovulation, except ultrasound diagnostics, is accurate. To increase the likelihood of achieving the desired pregnancy, it is recommended to use various combinations of them.

Calendar

The calendar calculation method is suitable for women with regular periods.

• The length of the cycle does not play any role;
• When compiling a calendar of the most favorable days for conception, you need to analyze the last three months;
• In case of irregularity of the menstrual period, it is recommended to take into account all its fluctuations over the year;
• Scientists consider the period from the 9th to the 18th days to be the most productive.

1. To get the first calendar day of possible ovulation, you need to reduce the duration of the shortest period by 18. For example, if it was 27 days, then the first day will be considered the 9th day (9 = 27-18);
2. To get the last calendar day of possible ovulation, you need to reduce the duration of the longest period by 11. For example, if it was 35 days, then the last day will be the 24th day (24 = 35-11).

It is worth considering the fact that even with an ideal cycle, women have problems determining ovulation and becoming pregnant. This happens due to changes in hormonal levels, which are influenced by factors such as:

• various stressful situations;
• taking medications;
• recent illnesses.

By basal temperature

The method of maintaining a basal temperature chart is usually recommended by antenatal clinic doctors.

It is based on observations of changes in body temperature due to the increased effects of progesterone on the body. The method helps not only to calculate the date of ovulation, but to evaluate the functioning of the ovaries, depending on the phase of the cycle, and to identify gynecological problems.

1. To calculate favorable days for conception, the rectal temperature is measured every morning at the same time, without getting out of bed;
2. Next, a graph is drawn based on the data obtained;
3. With a standard two-phase cycle, during ovulation, there is a noticeable sharp increase in temperature by several tenths of a degree (usually about 0.4);
4. The next two weeks are considered the best for trying to conceive;
5. There are also sharp drops in temperature a few days before ovulation and menstruation;
6. An increased basal temperature recorded at the end of the second phase indicates a likely pregnancy.

As with the previous method, changes in hormonal levels can distort the measurement results.

According to changes in vaginal discharge

Cervical mucus or vaginal discharge changes its consistency depending on the phase of the cycle. The reason for these changes is differences in the ratio of estrogen and progesterone concentrations.

• Start of the cycle;

The days immediately after menstruation cannot be called favorable for conceiving a child. This period is also called “dry”.

Estrogen levels are low, so the sticky secretions cover the cervix to prevent bacteria, viruses and sperm from entering. In this case, there are no or almost no external manifestations on the walls of the vagina.

• The period before ovulation;

Estrogen levels rise and reach maximum values ​​when the egg leaves the ovary. The mucus thins out, becoming sticky and watery.

• Ovulation period;

During ovulation, the discharge is the most abundant and viscous, somewhat reminiscent of the white of a raw egg. This consistency provides sperm with easy access to the fallopian tubes.

This period is the most profitable.

• End of the cycle.

Estrogen levels decrease while progesterone increases due to the formation of the corpus luteum. The mucus becomes viscous again and remains in this state until the onset of menstrual bleeding.

Using special ovulation tests

In their way of working, ovulation tests are similar to pregnancy tests.

1. Indicator strips react to the level of hormones in the urine - immediately before the release of a mature cell from the ovary, the amount of LH (luteinizing hormone) increases sharply;
2. Test strips are used according to instructions for several days, usually a week before the expected date of ovulation;
3. At the maximum concentration of the hormone, the stripes become bright, and the next few days are favorable days of the cycle for conception.

Ultrasound diagnostic method

The most modern and accurate method used in pregnancy planning. Its medical name is folliculometry.

• Immediately after the end of menstruation, a woman, with the help of an ultrasound diagnostic specialist, monitors the dynamics of follicle maturation every two days;
• Its diameter should reach 1.8 - 2.4 cm;
• However, the follicle does not always rupture, sometimes forming a cyst;
• Evidence of rupture of the follicle is the fluid leaking from it on the wall of the uterus, as well as the formation of the corpus luteum;
• To accurately determine the best days for conception, the doctor observes the patient from several months to six months. In this way, you can determine the reasons for the lack of ovulation.

People's

The simplest method, somewhat reminiscent of the calendar method.

1. To determine the interval of the ovulation process, the average length of the menstrual cycle is divided by two, and then simultaneously added to it and subtracted from it by one. For 28 days, this is the interval from 13 to 15 days;
2. Since ancient times, it has been customary to take into account the position of the moon in the sky to plan pregnancy. It is believed that the female body works in accordance with the lunar phases;
3. It is not recommended to use the periods of the new moon, full moon and waning moon to conceive a child. The waxing moon is best suited for this process.

It is completely normal if pregnancy does not occur after stopping contraception for two months to a year.

Important! If conception does not occur for more than a year, both partners should contact a specialized center or antenatal clinic.

You also need to plan a pregnancy together.

About six months before trying to get pregnant, it is recommended to get tested for diseases of the blood and genitourinary systems, and also pay attention to your lifestyle.

Good luck with your planning and easy conception!