It is with the help of vision that a person perceives most of the information from the surrounding world, therefore all facts related to the eyes are interesting to a person. Today there are a huge number of them.
Interesting facts about eyes begin with the fact that man is the only creature on the planet that has whites of eyes. The rest of the eyes are filled with cones and rods, as in some animals. These cells are found in the eye in the hundreds of millions and are light sensitive. Cones respond to changes in light and colors more than rods.
In all adults, the size of the eyeball is almost identical and is 24 mm in diameter, while a newborn child has an apple diameter of 18 mm and weighs almost three times less.
Interestingly, sometimes a person can see various floaters before the eyes, which are actually threads of protein.
The cornea of the eye covers its entire visible surface and is the only part of the human body that is not supplied with oxygen from the blood.
The lens of the eye, which provides clear vision, constantly focuses on the surrounding environment at a speed of 50 objects per second. The eye moves with the help of only 6 eye muscles, which are the most active in the entire body.
Interesting facts about eyes include the fact that it is impossible to sneeze with your eyes open. Scientists explain this with two hypotheses - a reflex contraction of the facial muscles and protection of the eye from germs from the nasal mucosa.
Interesting facts about vision and eyes often have data about what a person actually sees with the brain, and not with the eye. This statement was scientifically established back in 1897, confirming that the human eye perceives surrounding information upside down. Passing through the optic nerve to the center of the nervous system, the picture turns over to its usual position in the cerebral cortex.
These include the fact that each person's iris has 256 distinctive characteristics, while fingerprints differ in only forty. The probability of finding a person with the same iris is almost zero.
Most often, this pathology manifests itself as color blindness. Interestingly, at birth all children are colorblind, but with age, most return to normal. Most often, this disorder affects men who are unable to see certain colors.
Normally, a person should distinguish seven primary colors and up to 100 thousand of their shades. Unlike men, 2% of women suffer from a genetic mutation, which, on the contrary, expands the range of their color perception to hundreds of millions of shades.
Considering the interesting facts about it, iridology was born. It is an unconventional method for diagnosing diseases of the whole body using the study of the iris
Interestingly, pirates did not wear blindfolds to hide their injuries. They closed one eye so that it could quickly adapt to the poor lighting in the holds of the ship. By alternating one eye between dimly lit rooms and brightly lit decks, pirates could fight more effectively.
The first tinted glasses for both eyes appeared not to protect from bright light, but to hide the gaze from strangers. At first they were used only by Chinese judges, so as not to show others personal emotions about the cases under consideration.
The color of a person's eyes is determined by the amount of concentration of melanin pigment in the body.
It is located between the cornea and the lens of the eye and consists of two layers:
In medical terms they are defined as mesodermal and ectodermal, respectively. It is in the front layer that the coloring pigment is distributed, determining the color of a person’s eyes. Interesting facts about the eyes confirm that only melanin provides color to the iris, regardless of what color the eyes are. The shade changes only due to a change in the concentration of the dye.
At birth, almost all children have this pigment completely absent, which is why the eyes of newborns are blue. With age, they change their color, which is fully established only by the age of 12.
Interesting facts about human eyes also state that color can change depending on certain circumstances. Scientists have now established such a phenomenon as a chameleon. It is a change in eye color when exposed to cold for a long time or in bright light for a long time. Some people claim that the color of their eyes depends not only on the weather, but also on their personal mood.
The most interesting facts about the structure of the human eye contain evidence that in fact all people in the world are blue-eyed. The high concentration of pigment in the iris ensures the absorption of light rays of high and low frequencies, due to which their reflection leads to the appearance of brown or black eyes.
Eye color largely depends on geographic area. So in the northern regions the population with blue eyes predominates. Closer to the south there are a large number of brown-eyed people, and at the equator almost the entire population has a black iris.
More than half a century ago, scientists established an interesting fact - at birth we are all farsighted. Only by the age of six months does vision return to normal. Interesting facts about human eyes and vision also confirm that the eye is fully formed according to physiological parameters by the age of seven.
Vision can also affect the general condition of the body, so when the load on the eyes is excessive, general fatigue, headaches, fatigue and stress are observed.
Interestingly, the connection between the quality of vision and the carrot vitamin carotene has not been scientifically proven. In fact, this myth dates back to the war, when the British decided to hide the invention of aviation radar. They attributed the quick detection of enemy aircraft to the keen vision of their pilots, who were eating carrots.
To test your visual acuity yourself, you should look at the night sky. If you can see a small star near the middle star of the handle of the big dipper (Ursa Major), then everything is normal.
Most often, this disorder is genetic and does not affect overall health. Different eye colors are called heterochromia and can be complete or partial. In the first case, each eye is colored with its own color, and in the second, one iris is divided into two parts with different colors.
Cosmetics have the greatest impact on the quality of vision and eye health in general. Wearing tight clothes also has a negative effect, since it impedes blood circulation in all organs, including the eyes.
Interesting facts about the structure and functioning of the eye confirm that a child is not able to cry in the first month of life. More precisely, no tears are released at all.
The composition of tears has three components:
If the proportions of these substances on the surface of the eye are not respected, dryness appears and the person begins to cry. If the flow is excessive, tears can directly enter the nasopharynx.
Statistical studies claim that every man cries on average 7 times per year, and every woman 47.
Interestingly, the average person blinks once every 6 seconds, mostly as a reflex. This process provides the eye with sufficient hydration and timely cleansing of impurities. According to statistics, women blink twice as often as men.
Japanese researchers have found that the blinking process also acts as a reboot for concentration. It is at the moment of closing the eyelids that the activity of the attention neural network decreases, which is why blinking is most often observed after the completion of a certain action.
Interesting facts about the eyes did not miss such a process as reading. According to scientists, when reading quickly, the eyes become tired much less. At the same time, reading paper books is always a quarter faster than reading electronic media.
Many people believe that smoking has no effect on eye health, but in fact, tobacco smoke leads to blockage of the retinal blood vessels and leads to the development of many diseases of the optic nerve. Smoking, both active and passive, can lead to clouding of the lens, chronic conjunctivitis, yellow spots on the retina, and blindness. Lycopene also becomes harmful when smoked.
In normal cases, this substance has a beneficial effect on the body, improving vision, slowing down the development of cataracts, age-related changes and protecting the eye from ultraviolet radiation.
Interesting facts about the eyes refute the idea that monitor radiation negatively affects vision. In fact, excessive strain on the eyes is caused by frequent focusing on small details.
Also, many believe in the need to deliver only by Caesarean if a woman has poor eyesight. In some cases, this is true, but for myopia, you can undergo a course of laser coagulation and prevent the risk of retinal rupture or detachment during childbirth. This procedure is carried out even at the 30th week of gestation and takes only a few minutes, without having any negative impact on the health of both mother and child. But be that as it may, try to regularly visit a specialist and have your vision checked.
Human vision is an absolutely unique system. It accounts for approximately 80% of the total perception of the world.
And there is so much interesting and unknown in it that we are sometimes amazed at how much we don’t know. In order to slightly expand the boundaries of what is known and, perhaps, surprise with something, I suggest that you familiarize yourself with a selection of the most interesting facts about the eyes and vision.
We are used to mercilessly straining our eyes while sitting in front of monitors. And few people think that in fact this is a unique organ, about which even science still knows not everything.
♦ Brown eyes are actually blue under the brown pigment. There is even a laser procedure that can turn brown eyes blue forever.
♦ The pupils of the eyes dilate by 45% when we look at the one we love.
♦ The cornea of the eye is the only part of the human body that is not supplied with oxygen through the circulatory system. Corneal cells receive oxygen dissolved in tears directly from the air.
♦ The corneas of humans and sharks are similar in structure. Using this interesting fact, surgeons use shark corneas as a substitute during operations.
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You can't sneeze with your eyes open. When we sneeze, we reflexively close them. Indeed, at the moment the air flows through the nose and mouth, the pressure in the eye blood vessels increases significantly. Closed eyelids prevent the capillaries in the eyes from breaking. This is our body's natural defense.
The second hypothesis explains this fact by the reflex behavior of the body: when sneezing, the muscles of the nose and face contract (causing the eyes to close).
Another interesting fact is that when you sneeze, the air speed reaches 150 kilometers per hour.
Some people sneeze when bright light comes into their eyes.
♦ Our eyes can distinguish about 500 shades of gray.
♦ Each eye contains 107 million cells, all of which are sensitive to light.
♦ The human eye is capable of perceiving seven primary colors: blue, orange, red, yellow, green, cyan, violet. You should remember a fact from the field of physics - there are three “pure” colors: green, red, blue. The remaining four colors are a combination of the first three
At the same time, it turns out that we can distinguish about a hundred thousand shades, but, for example, the eye of an artist sees almost a million different shades of paint.
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Our eyes are about 2.5 cm in diameter and they weigh about 8 grams.
Interestingly, these parameters are the same for almost all people. Depending on the individual structural features of the body, they can differ by a fraction of a percent. A newborn baby has an apple diameter of ~18 millimeters and a weight of ~3 grams.
♦ Of all the muscles in our body, the muscles that control the eyes are the most active.
♦ The space of the frontal bone between the eyes is called glabella.
♦ Your eyes will always remain the same size as when you were born, and your ears and nose will never stop growing.
♦ There are people on Earth whose eye colors are different. This phenomenon is called heterochromia. There are very few such unique people - only 1% of the population has been recorded whose color of the iris of the left eye does not coincide with the color of the right. This phenomenon occurs due to mutations at the gene level (lack of color pigment - melanin).
♦ It is wrong to assume that a person is characterized by any one eye color. As it turned out, it can change due to various factors, for example, depending on lighting. This is especially true for light-eyed people.
In bright light or extreme cold, a person's eye color changes. This interesting phenomenon is called a chameleon.
♦ In addition, it has been proven that blue eye color is the result of a mutation in the HERC2 gene, which arose many years ago. About 10,000 years ago, all people had brown eyes, until a person living in the Black Sea region developed a genetic mutation that resulted in blue eyes. In this regard, carriers of this gene in the iris have a greatly reduced amount of melanin production, which is responsible for eye color.
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The flashes of light you see in your eyes when you rub them are called phosphenes.
Phosphene - visual sensations, unusual effects that appear in a person without exposure to light on the eye. The effects are luminous points, figures, flashes in the eyes in the dark.
♦ On average, we see about 24 million different images throughout our lives.
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The eyes transmit a huge amount of information to the brain every hour. The capacity of this channel is comparable to the channels of Internet providers in a large city.
The eyes process about 36,000 pieces of information every hour.
♦ Only 1/6 of the eyeball is visible.
♦ Our eyes focus on about 50 things per second. Every time you change your gaze, the lens changes focus. The most advanced photographic lens requires 1.5 seconds to change focus, the lens of the eye changes focus permanently, the process itself occurs unconsciously.
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People say “in a blink of an eye” because it is the fastest muscle in the body. Blinking lasts about 100 - 150 milliseconds, and you can blink 5 times per second.
Our eyes blink an average of 17 times per minute, 14,280 times per day and 5.2 million times per year.
It is interesting that when talking, a person blinks more often than when he is silent. Studies have also shown that men blink twice as often as women.
♦ The eyes load the brain with work more than any other part of the body.
♦ The life cycle of an eyelash is no more than five months, after which it dies and falls out. There are 150 eyelashes on the upper and lower eyelids of a human eye.
♦ If you only have one eye red in a flash photo, there is a chance that you have an eye tumor (if both eyes are looking in the same direction towards the camera). Fortunately, the cure rate is 95%.
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The human eye contains two types of cells - cones and rods. Cones see in bright light and distinguish colors; the sensitivity of rods is extremely low. In the dark, rods are able to adapt to a new environment, thanks to them a person gains night vision. The individual sensitivity of each person's rods allows them to see in the dark to varying degrees.
♦ The Mayans found squint attractive and tried to make sure their children were squinted.
♦ Schizophrenia can be detected with 98.3% accuracy using a conventional eye movement test.
♦ About 2% of women have a rare genetic mutation that causes them to have an extra cone retina. This allows them to see 100 million colors.
♦ American actor, director, producer, screenwriter, three-time Oscar nominee Johnny Depp is practically blind in his left eye and nearsighted in his right. The actor reported this interesting fact about his own vision in an interview with Rolling Stone magazine in July 2013. According to Johnny Depp, vision problems have plagued him since childhood, from the age of fifteen.
It is this interesting fact that explains the reason why most of Depp’s heroes have vision problems and wear glasses.
♦ The story of the Cyclops comes from the peoples of the Mediterranean islands who discovered the remains of extinct pygmy elephants. Elephants' skulls were twice the size of a human's, and the central nasal cavity was often mistaken for the eye socket.
♦ A case has been reported of conjoined twins from Canada who share a thalamus. Thanks to this, they could hear each other's thoughts and see through each other's eyes.
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The eye, turning with the help of six muscles that provide its unusual mobility, permanently makes intermittent movements.
The human eye can make smooth (not jerky) movements only if it is following a moving object.
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An unusual method for diagnosing the iris in alternative medicine is called iridology.
♦ In Ancient Egypt, both women and men wore makeup. Eye paint was made from copper (green paint) and lead (black paint). The ancient Egyptians believed that this makeup had healing properties. Makeup was used primarily for protection from sunlight and only secondarily as decoration.
♦ The most severe damage to the eyes is caused by the use of cosmetics.
♦ Man is the only creature on the planet that has proteins.
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The images that are sent to our brain are actually upside down (this fact was first established and studied in 1897 by American psychologist George Malcolm Stratton and is called inversion).
The information collected by the eyes is transmitted inverted through the optic nerve to the brain, where it is analyzed by the brain in the visual cortex and visualized in a complete form.
If you use special glasses with an image inversion effect (a person sees objects upside down), the brain gradually gets used to this defect and will automatically adapt the picture seen to the correct state. This is explained by the fact that initially the image, passing through the optic nerve into the brain, appears upside down. And the brain is adapted to respond to this feature by straightening the image.
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Humans and dogs are the only ones who look for visual cues in the eyes of others, and dogs only do this when interacting with humans.
♦ Astronauts can't cry in space because of gravity. Tears gather in small balls and begin to sting your eyes.
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There are colors that are too “complex” for the human eye; they are called “impossible colors.”
♦ Not all pirates who used the blindfold were disabled. The bandage was put on shortly before the attack to quickly adapt vision to combat on and below the deck. One eye of the pirates got used to the bright light, the other to dim lighting. The bandage was changed as needed and battle conditions.
♦ We see certain colors because this is the only spectrum of light that passes through water, the area where our eyes originate. There was no evolutionary reason on earth to see a wider spectrum.
♦ Eyes began to develop about 550 million years ago. The simplest eye was particles of photoreceptor proteins in single-celled animals.
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Apollo mission astronauts reported seeing flashes and streaks of light when they closed their eyes. It was later discovered that this was caused by cosmic radiation irradiating their retinas outside of Earth's magnetosphere.
♦ Bees have hairs in their eyes. They help determine wind direction and flight speed.
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We “see” with our brains, not with our eyes. Blurred and poor-quality images are a disease of the eyes, as the sensor receiving a distorted image.
Then the brain will impose its distortions and “dead zones”. In many cases, blurry or poor vision is not caused by the eyes, but by problems with the visual cortex of the brain.
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The eyes use about 65 percent of the brain's resources. This is more than any other part of the body.
♦ If you pour cold water into a person's ear, the eyes will move towards the opposite ear. If you pour warm water into your ear, your eyes will move to that same ear. This test, called the caloric test, is used to determine brain damage.
♦ The ideal duration of eye contact with someone you meet for the first time is 4 seconds. This is necessary to determine what eye color he has.
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The wriggling particles that appear in your eyes are called floaters. These are shadows cast on the retina by tiny filaments of protein inside the eye.
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The octopus's eyes do not have a blind spot and have evolved separately from other vertebrates.
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Sometimes people with aphakia, the absence of a lens, report seeing ultraviolet light.
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Did you know that each person's iris is completely unique, just like their fingerprints? This feature is used at some checkpoints by scanning the eye, and thus determining the person’s identity. This system underlies biometric passports, where a special chip stores information about a person, as well as a pattern of the iris of his eye.
Your fingerprints have 40 unique characteristics, while your iris has 256. This is the reason why retinal scans are used for security purposes.
♦ Interestingly, such a disease as color blindness (the inability of a person to distinguish one or more colors) is more susceptible to men. Of the total number of people suffering from color blindness, only 0.5% are representatives of the fair sex. Every 12th male representative is color blind.
Scientists have also noticed that newborn children are color blind. The ability to distinguish colors appears at a later age.
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Almost 100 percent of people over 60 years of age are diagnosed with eye herpes at autopsy.
♦ Contrary to the popular belief that a bull is irritated by red fabric (according to the rules of bullfighting, a bull reacts aggressively to a bullfighter’s red cloak), scientists claim that these animals do not distinguish the color red at all, and are also myopic. And the bull’s reaction is explained by the fact that it perceives the flickering of the cloak as a threat and tries to attack, defending itself from the enemy.
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If you place two halves of ping pong balls over your eyes and stare at a red light while listening to a radio tuned to static, you will experience vivid and complex hallucinations. This method is called Ganzfeld procedure.
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About 65-85% of white cats with blue eyes are deaf.
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To keep an eye out for nocturnal predators, many animal species (ducks, dolphins, iguanas) sleep with one eye open. One half of their brain hemisphere is asleep while the other is awake.
♦ There is a very simple way to distinguish a vegetarian animal from a predator. And then nature put everything in its place.
The first has eyes located on both sides of the head in order to see the enemy in time. But predators have eyes in the front, which helps them track their prey.
Based on materials from www.oprava.ua, www.infoniac.ru
Although we often take them for granted, our eyes are amazing things. Did you know how many shades of gray we can distinguish, or how many times you blink a year? Here are some interesting facts about the wonders of our vision and eyes. Our retina perceives the world upside down, and the brain turns the “picture” upside down. To see the world as your retina sees it, you need to wear prismatic glasses. 
In addition, the image arrives at the retina split in half and distorted. Each half of the brain receives one half of the image and then assembles the entire picture that you are used to seeing. 
The retina does not perceive red. Although the retina has red, green, and blue color receptors, "red" receptors perceive only yellow-green, and "green" receptors perceive blue-green. The brain combines these signals and turns them red. 
Your peripheral (side) vision has very low resolution and is almost black and white. We don't notice this because as you move your eyes, the peripheral details are filled in before you even notice the difference. 
Do you have blue eyes? All blue-eyed people in the world have one ancestor. 
Do you have brown eyes? All people on Earth originally had brown eyes. Blue eyes appeared as a mutation about 6,000 years ago. 
If you are blind but were born with normal vision, you still see images in your dreams. 
When you started reading this sentence, you blinked 6 times. On average, we blink 17 times per minute, or 5.2 million times per year. 
If you are nearsighted, your eyeball is longer than usual. If you suffer from farsightedness, it is shorter than usual. 
Your eyes remain almost the same size as they were at birth. 
Newborns can see at a distance of approximately 38 cm. This is approximately the distance at which the mother's face is during feeding. 
Your tears take on a different composition depending on whether you have a speck in your eye or whether you are crying or yawning. 
Your eyes constantly make quick, jumping movements called "microsaccades" to keep objects from disappearing from your view. A process called the Troxler effect causes static objects to disappear if you look at them for too long. Microsaccades prevent this. 
The eyes use 65 percent of the brain's resources. 
The most used muscles in the body are the eye muscles. They are more active than any other muscle in your body. 
Giant squids have the largest eyes in the world. 
Fear of eyes is called ommatophobia. 
Sitting at a computer does not harm your eyes, it overstrains the eye muscles. 
Your eyes can distinguish about 50,000 shades of gray. 
The flashes of light you see when you rub your eyes are called phosphenes. 
The role of vision is difficult to overestimate. It has been proven that a person receives 90% of information through the eyes, so the difference between the concepts of “just seeing” and “seeing life 100%” becomes enormous. At the same time, the organ of vision is one of the most complex in our body. So, it is controlled by very “fast” muscles - the eye can make more than 120 oscillation movements per second, even if you just focused your gaze on one point. These and other interesting facts about vision have a big impact on our ability to see.
It is important to know that using "outdated" glasses or contact lenses can cause headaches.
*Global Attitudes and Perceptions About Vision Care, The Vision Care Institute™, LLC
Eyes- an organ that allows a person to live a full life, admire the beauty of the surrounding nature and exist comfortably in society. People understand how important the eyes are, but they rarely think about why they blink, why they cannot sneeze with their eyes closed, and other interesting facts related to this unique organ.
10 interesting facts about the human eye
In addition to vision, a person has organs of touch and smell, but it is the eyes that conduct 80% of the information that tells about what is happening around. The ability of the eyes to capture images is very important, since it is visual images that retain memory longer. When meeting a specific person or object again, the organ of vision activates memories and gives rise to thought.
Scientists compare the eyes to a camera, the quality of which is many times higher than that of ultra-modern technology. Bright and content-rich pictures allow a person to easily navigate the world around them.
The cornea of the eye receives oxygen directly from the air
The uniqueness of such an organ as the eyes lies in the fact that no blood flows into its cornea. The presence of capillaries would negatively affect the quality of the image captured by the eye, so oxygen, without which not a single organ of the human body can function effectively, receives oxygen directly from the air.
The eye is a miniature computer
Ophthalmologists (vision specialists) compare the eyes to a miniature computer that captures information and instantly transmits it to the brain. Scientists have calculated that the “RAM” of the organ of vision can process about 36 thousand bits of information within an hour; programmers know how large this volume is. Meanwhile, the weight of miniature laptop computers is only 27 grams.
A person sees only what is happening directly in front of him
The location of the eyes in animals, insects and humans is different, this is explained not only by physiological processes, but also by the nature of life and the gray habitat of a living creature. The close placement of the eyes provides depth of image and three-dimensionality of objects.
Humans are more advanced creatures, therefore they have high-quality vision, especially when compared with marine life and animals. True, such an arrangement has its drawback - a person sees only what is happening directly in front of him, the view is significantly reduced. In many animals, an example is a horse, the eyes are located on the sides of the head, this structure allows you to “capture” more space and react in time to approaching danger.
Approximately 95 percent of living creatures on our planet have vision
Approximately 95 percent of living creatures on our planet have an organ of vision, but most of them have a different eye structure. In the inhabitants of the deep sea, the organ of vision consists of light-sensitive cells that are not capable of distinguishing color and shape; all that such vision is capable of is perceiving light and its absence.
Some animals determine the volume and texture of objects, but at the same time see them exclusively in black and white. A characteristic feature of insects is the ability to see many pictures at the same time, but they do not recognize colors. Only human eyes have the ability to accurately convey the colors of surrounding objects.
There is a myth that a person can only recognize seven colors, but scientists are ready to debunk it. According to experts, the human visual organ is capable of perceiving over 10 million colors; no living creature has such a feature. However, there are other criteria that are not characteristic of the human eye, for example, some insects are able to recognize infrared rays and ultraviolet signals, and the eyes of flies have the ability to detect movement very quickly. The human eye can only be called the most perfect in the field of color recognition.
Veronica Seider - the girl with the sharpest eyesight on the planet
The name of a student from Germany, Veronica Seider, is listed in the Guinness Book of Records; the girl has the sharpest eyesight on the planet. Veronica recognizes a person's face at a distance of 1 kilometer 600 meters, this figure is approximately 20 times higher than the norm.
If a person did not blink, his eyeball would quickly dry out and quality vision would be out of the question. Blinking causes the eye to become covered with tear fluid. It takes about 12 minutes per day for a person to blink – once every 10 seconds, during which time the eyelids close over 27 thousand times.
A person begins to blink for the first time at six months.
The human eyes and nasal cavity are connected by nerve endings, so often when exposed to bright light we begin to sneeze. By the way, no one can sneeze with their eyes open; this phenomenon is also associated with the reaction of nerve endings to external stimuli of calm.
Scientists have found similarities in the structure of the human eye and sea creatures, in this case we are talking about sharks. Modern medicine methods make it possible to restore human vision by transplanting a shark cornea. Similar operations are very successfully practiced in China.
Sincerely,
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