The Customs Union is an agreement adopted by the participants of the Eurasian Economic Union, the purpose of which is abolition of customs duties in trade relations. Based on these agreements, common ways of carrying out economic activities and a platform for quality assessments and certification are created.
Thanks to this it is achieved abolition of customs controls at the borders within the Union, general provisions for regulating economic activity for the external borders of the CU are concluded. In view of this, a common customs space is being created, using a generally accepted approach to border control. Another distinctive feature is the equality of rights of citizens of the customs area during employment.
In 2018, the Customs Union consists of next members of the EAEU:
The desire to become a party to this agreement was voiced by Syria and Tunisia. In addition, we know about the proposal to include Turkey in the CU agreement. However, to date, no specific procedures have been adopted for these states to join the Union.
It is clearly visible that the functioning of the Customs Union serves as a good help for strengthening economic relations between countries located on the territory of the former Soviet countries. We can also say that the approach established in the agreement by the participating countries speaks of restoring lost connections in modern conditions.
Customs duties are distributed through a single sharing mechanism.
Given this information, it can be stated that the Customs Union, as we know it today, serves serious tool for the economic unification of countries that are members of the EAEU.
To understand what the activities of the Customs Union are, it will not be amiss to gain an understanding of how it was formed to its current state.
The emergence of the Customs Union was initially presented as one of the steps in the integration of the CIS countries. This was evidenced in the agreement on the creation of an economic union, signed on September 24, 1993.
Step by step moving towards this goal, in 1995, two states (Russia and Belarus) entered into an agreement between themselves on the approval of the Customs Union. Later, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, and Uzbekistan also entered this group.
More than 10 years later, in 2007, Belarus, Kazakhstan and Russia signed a pact to unite their territories into a single customs region and approve the Customs Union.
In order to specify the previously concluded agreements, from 2009 to 2010, more than 40 additional agreements were concluded. Russia, Belarus and Kazakhstan have decided that, starting in 2012, a Common Market thanks to the unification of countries into a single economic space.
On July 1, 2010, another important agreement was concluded, which put into motion the work of the Customs Code.
On July 1, 2011, the current customs controls at the borders between countries were canceled and general rules were established at the borders with states that are not in the agreement. Until 2013, uniform legislative norms for the parties to the agreement will be formed.
2014 – The Republic of Armenia joins the Customs Union. 2015 – The Republic of Kyrgyzstan joins the Customs Union.
On January 1, 2018, a new unified Customs Code of the EAEU. It was created to automate and simplify a number of customs processes.
The unification of the borders of the Russian Federation, the Republic of Belarus and the Republic of Kazakhstan became the basis for the emergence of the Single Customs Space. This is how the territory of the Customs Union was formed. In addition, it includes certain territories or objects under the jurisdiction of the parties to the agreement.
The limit of the territory is the border of the Customs Union with third-party states. Moreover, the existence of borders for individual territories located under the jurisdiction of the Union member states is normatively established.
The management and coordination of the Eurasian Economic Union is carried out by two organs:
When creating the Customs Union, countries declared the main goal socio-economic progress. In the future, this implies an increase in trade turnover and services produced by business entities.
The increase in sales was initially expected directly in the space of the vehicle itself due to following conditions:
Having collected available information about the emergence and activities of the Customs Union, we can come to the conclusion that the results of increasing the turnover of goods and services are published much less frequently than news about the signing of new agreements, i.e. its declarative part.
But, nevertheless, analyzing the stated goals when creating the Customs Union, as well as observing their implementation, one cannot remain silent that simplification of trade turnover has been achieved and competitive conditions have been improved for economic entities of the Customs Union states.
It follows from this that the Customs Union is on the way to achieving its goals, however, in addition to time, this requires the mutual interest of both the states themselves and the economic elements within the Union.
The customs union consists of countries that have the same economic background, but today these states are very different from each other. Of course, even in Soviet times, the republics differed in their specialization, but after gaining independence, many more changes occurred that affected the world market and the division of labor.
However, there are also common interests. For example, many participating countries remain dependent on the Russian sales market. This trend is economic and geopolitical in nature.
Throughout the whole time leading positions in the process of integration and stabilization of the EAEU and the Customs Union played Russian Federation. This was possible due to its stable economic growth until 2014, when prices for raw materials remained high, which helped finance the processes launched by the agreements.
Although such a policy did not predict rapid economic growth, it still assumed the strengthening of Russia's position on the world stage.
The history of relations between the parties to the agreements is similar to a series of compromises that were built on the basis of the role of Russia and the positions of partner countries. For example, there were repeated statements from Belarus about its priorities: a single economic space with equal prices for oil and gas, access to Russian government procurement.
To achieve these goals, the Republic increased tariffs on imported cars in the absence of its own production. Because of such measures it was necessary to install rules for certification of light industry goods, which hurt retail trade.
In addition, the standards adopted at the CU level were unified with the WTO model, despite the fact that Belarus is not a member of this organization, unlike Russia. Enterprises of the Republic have not received access to Russian import substitution programs.
All this served as obstacles for Belarus on the path to achieving its goals in full.
It should not be overlooked that the signed CU agreements contain various exceptions, clarifications, anti-dumping and countervailing measures, which have become an obstacle to the achievement of common benefits and equal conditions for all countries. At various times, virtually every participant in the agreement expressed disagreement with the terms contained in the agreements.
Although customs posts on the borders between the parties to the agreement were eliminated, border zones between countries have been preserved. Sanitary control at internal borders also continued. A lack of trust in interaction practice has been revealed. An example of this is the disagreements that flare up from time to time between Russia and Belarus.
Today it is impossible to say that the goals that were declared in the agreement on the creation of the Customs Union have been achieved. This is evident from the decrease in the turnover of goods within the customs area. There are also no economic development benefits when compared with the time before the agreements were signed.
But there are still signs that in the absence of an agreement the situation would deteriorate more rapidly. The manifestation of the crisis would be broader and deeper. A significant number of enterprises gain relative benefits by participating in trade relations within the Customs Union.
Methods for distributing customs duties among countries also indicate favorable trends for the Republic of Belarus and the Republic of Kazakhstan. Initially, a large share was planned for the budget of the Russian Federation.
The agreements signed by the parties benefited the production of automobiles. Duty-free sales of cars assembled by manufacturers in participating countries have become available. Thus, conditions have been created for the implementation of projects that previously could not succeed.
What is the Customs Union? Details are in the video.
A customs union is a form of interstate agreement concluded between two or more states to abolish customs duties on trade.
In addition, the terms of the customs union provide for the creation of a single territory. As a rule, the CU countries enter into an agreement on the creation of interstate bodies that should coordinate the implementation of a common foreign trade policy.
It should be noted that the unified foreign trade policy provides for the holding of meetings of ministers in charge of the relevant departments, the work of which is based on the activities of the interstate Secretariat. In essence, the Customs Union is one of the forms of interstate integration, which provides for the creation of interstate bodies.
According to the Agreement concluded on October 6, 2007, the founders of this Commission were the Republic of Kazakhstan, the Republic of Belarus and the Russian Federation. The location of the Commission was the city of Moscow. Moreover, in contrast to the free trade zone, such a form of integration as the Customs Union is considered deeper. The single regulatory body is the Customs Union Commission, which operates on a permanent basis.
The working body of the Commission is the Secretariat, which organizes the work of the Interstate Council of the EurAsEC. In addition, the Secretariat solves problems of information and technical support for the Commission. The work of the secretariat is carried out under the leadership of the Executive Secretary of the Commission.
The structure of the Secretariat includes a number of departments, namely:
- Administration Department;
- Administrative department;
- Trade Policy Department;
- Department of Tariff and Non-Tariff Regulation;
- Department of Financial Policy;
- Legal Department;
- Department of Policy in the Field of Sanitary, Phytosanitary and Veterinary Measures and Technical Regulation;
- Scientific expert council.
According to the terms of international treaties concluded between the member countries of the Customs Union, the boundaries of individual territories located in the member countries of the Customs Union can act as a border. The document defining the rules for carrying out foreign economic activity on the territory of the participating states is the current edition of the CU Code of Russia, Kazakhstan and Belarus, adopted on April 16, 2010.
1. Section of the main provisions, which contains the terms used, concepts of customs value, statistics, country of origin of goods, Unified National Economic Code.
2. Section of customs duties.
This section presents the procedure for calculating duties and taxes, refunds, payment deadlines, forced collection, and ensuring payment of various payments.
3. The control section, which specifies the forms and procedure for conducting examinations, inspections, detention of goods, as well as the risk management system.
4. Section of operations containing a list of operations that precede the filing of the declaration.
This section presents the procedure for temporary storage, as well as the departure and arrival of goods from the territory of the Customs Union.
5. Section of operations required to carry out goods placement procedures.
This section presents general concepts relating to order, as well as the release of goods.
6. Section of procedures relating to registration of cargo transit, export of goods, duty-free trade, warehouse, temporary export and entry from the territory of the Customs Union, the procedure for re-export and re-import, refusal in favor of the state and destruction of goods, etc.
7. Section containing the specifics of moving certain categories of goods across the border, as well as the specifics of conducting operations in relation to these goods.
8. Section of transitional provisions of the Code of the Customs Union.
Knowledge of all the features of the registration procedure allows you to prevent the emergence of controversial issues regarding the determination of the product code and the value of the cargo.
It should be noted that in addition to the Customs Code, the procedure for clearing goods is also regulated by other domestic laws and international legal acts concluded between the member states that are members of the Customs Union.
In 1995, the countries of the Customs Union were defined, united by economic and trade relations. Today these are Kazakhstan, Belarus and Russia, with Kyrgyzstan and Armenia joining them. The countries of the Customs Union have formed a single territory with the abolition of all duties on products sold within these borders. The customs tariff is the same for everyone and the same requirements have been created regarding the regulation of trade relations with other countries.
Uniform standards were introduced, which the countries of the Customs Union pledged to implement, thus protecting their own markets from low-quality imported products, as well as smoothing out the roughness of the trade and economic spheres within the Union. The same 2007 agreement provided for the creation of a commission, which became a regulatory body covering all countries of the Customs Union. Her term of work ended in July 2012, and she was replaced by an even more powerful organization - the EEC, which began its activities six months before the end of the Customs Commission. The Eurasian Economic Commission has an order of magnitude more powers; its staff includes ten times more people.
The Customs Commission formed regulations and legal documents, which were necessarily reviewed and signed by all participants, that is, three people - the chairman and two members of the commission. It should be noted that such a commonwealth plan as the Eurasian countries of the Customs Union with Russia is far from the first experience in the history of mankind. In the nineteenth century, the German Customs Union was created, later the EU Customs Union, the South African Customs Union and so on. This is nothing more than an interstate agreement of more than two countries on the abolition of customs trade duties, one of the forms of collective protectionism.
Every time a customs union is created, the participating countries negotiate the creation of intergovernmental bodies that will coordinate and harmonize foreign trade policies. Meetings are periodically held at the ministerial level of relevant departments, which rely on the permanent interstate secretariat for their work. The Customs Union, whose member countries have interstate integration, also creates supranational bodies. This is a more advanced form of integration than, for example, simple free trade zones. The EEC is a permanent regulatory supranational body of the EAEU, which was previously the less advanced Customs Union and the Common Economic Space (SES).
This modern form of a single trade and economic union was created in 2011 by the decision of three presidents - the Republic of Belarus, the Republic of Kazakhstan and the Russian Federation - and sealed by an agreement dated November 18 of this year. By status, this organization is a supranational governing body, and is subordinate to the SEEC (Supreme Eurasian Economic Council), and the decisions of the commission are necessarily implemented by all member countries of the Customs Union, the EAEU and the SES. The main task for the EEC is to provide all conditions for the development and functioning of these three formations, as well as to improve the sphere of integration within the boundaries of these associations.
All powers of the Customs Union Commission were transferred to the Eurasian Economic Commission. In addition to this, additional functions have appeared, quite a lot of them. The areas of authority are very wide; the commission deals with customs tariff and non-tariff regulation, customs administration, and technical regulation. Compliance with sanitary, phytosanitary and veterinary standards is globally important, and here too the EEC area of action is in place. Member countries of the Customs Union benefit from import customs duties, which have been credited and distributed by the commission. It also establishes trade regimes in relation to foreign countries. The commission is charged with maintaining statistics on mutual and foreign trade, developing macroeconomic and competition policies, and distributing agricultural and industrial subsidies.
Energy policy is under the authority of the Customs Union Commission; under its leadership, natural monopolies are created and municipal and state purchases are made. Each function of the EEC has the goal of flourishing mutual trade in investments and services; it controls monetary policy. Also under her authority are transportation and transport, protection of the results of individualization of services, works, goods, and intellectual activity. The EEC deals with labor migration, financial markets - banking, insurance, securities and foreign exchange markets. And also in her areas of interest there are many other things that are quite difficult to list without rewriting multi-page documents. From the main thing: it is the commission that implements international treaties and forms the legal framework of the Customs Union and the EEC. The countries of the single Customs Union, being parties to this association, make shared contributions approved by the heads of state of the parties.
So, in 1995, the leaders of Russia, Kazakhstan and Belarus signed agreements on the creation of the Customs Union. Later they were joined by Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan. In 2000, the Eurasian Economic Union was created on the basis of this organization. In 2007, the Customs Union Commission was created as a single operating, permanent regulatory body. This path turned out to be quite difficult for Tajikistan, and this needs to be discussed separately. Below there will be a chapter dedicated to Tajikistan and its path to the Customs Union, which this country has not yet mastered. Perhaps in 2017 he will become its sixth member.
In 2010, the Customs Code was introduced, and in 2011, the Declaration on Economic Integration and its second step - the Common Economic Space (SES) was adopted, which came into force only in 2012 in the form of seventeen interstate agreements, which laid the legal basis this organization. Then the turn came to form the Eurasian Economic Commission, which replaced the CU Commission. In January 2015, a comprehensive agreement on the Eurasian Economic Union was signed, which became the third step towards creating an advanced customs system on the territory of the above states. In 2016, five countries signed this treaty. Which countries are included in the new type of Customs Union? Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia.
In 2012, the commission’s staff numbered six hundred, six months later - eight hundred and fifty, and in 2013 - more than a thousand. All of them are international employees. The EEC operates at two levels - the EEC Board and the EEC Council. The latter manages the activities of the commission, it has five representatives: from each participating country - the deputy prime minister of the national government. Meetings are held monthly. The council includes from Russia - I. I. Shuvalov, from Kyrgyzstan - O. M. Pankratov, from Kazakhstan - A. U. Mamin, from Belarus - V. S. Matyushevsky, from Armenia - V. V. Gabrielyan. The chairpersons take turns in alphabetical order. Decisions are made by consensus.
The executive body of the commission is the EEC Board, which carries out further integration within the borders of the CU and the SES. There are ten members, two people from each country, one of them chairs. Countries included in the Customs Union appoint members and the chairman of the Board for a period of four years, and extension of powers is also provided (at the level of heads of state). Meetings are held weekly.
With the creation of the CU, it became possible to unite in a certain format (supranational organization) part of the space of the lost Soviet Union. In essence, the Customs Union is the result of the will of the leaders of the three countries, which is aimed at removing barriers, integration, freedom of movement of services, goods, all types of capital, including human capital, across the transparent borders of the participating countries. Logically, the union needs to be expanded, perhaps not to sixteen members, but as many as possible. But from an economic point of view, this step is very risky. Regarding Tajikistan’s accession to the Customs Union, the debate has not subsided for many years; it is still topical. It must be said that, just like Kyrgyzstan, the Tajiks signaled their desire to join in a very contradictory way.
Firstly, it is one of the poorest countries in Central Asia. There is no access to the sea, all around are mountains, where the civil war lasted for five years since 1992. The entire infrastructure was damaged, especially the economic one. Now the economy of this country is based on cotton production, light and textile industries. Recently, mining has begun - aluminum, coal, antimony, silver and gold. Also, power plants built during the Soviet Union are still operating in the republic. But overall the situation in the country still remains deplorable. Almost the entire working population has left Tajikistan, mostly to Russia, from where they send remittances to families. Of course, this country would have been accepted into the Customs Union anyway, but before Kyrgyzstan joined the Customs Union, Tajikistan did not have common borders with the Customs Union.
The single territory of the Customs Union - the countries that are its members and all their expanses. These are the terms of the agreements that are signed by the leaders of the Customs Union: the borders of individual territories within any country participating in the Customs Union are the borders of the Customs Union. Within these states, customs borders have been eliminated, customs barriers have been removed, customs duties are not applied, and mutual trade flourishes without any administrative restrictions.
Services, goods, capital and labor flow freely throughout the territory, the domestic legislation of each participating country is unified with the creation of supranational regulation in the field of law. All this contributes to the growth and stability of all participating national economies.
Only the main tasks performed by the countries of the Customs Union are presented here. List:
1. Create a single customs territory within the borders of the participating countries.
2. Introduce a regime of absence of non-tariff and tariff restrictions in trade, except for those cases specified in special regulations.
3. Completely abolish customs controls in participating countries at their internal borders.
5. Use similar mechanisms in regulating trade and the economy, which are based on market universal economic principles and economic legislation harmonized for this purpose.
6. To establish the work of unified bodies governing the Customs Union.
Trade relations with countries outside the CU along the entire external border exist according to different rules. There, common customs tariffs are applied, common non-tariff regulation measures are used, a common customs policy is pursued, and common customs regimes are applied.
Compared to the functions of a free trade zone, the CU has many advantages provided to all business entities in the participating countries. First of all, the costs of creating, processing, moving, and transporting goods across the territories of the CU countries are reduced.
In addition, financial and time costs are reduced due to the absence of administrative restrictions. The number of customs procedures is reduced, while goods from other countries not participating in the Customs Union must overcome many customs barriers. With the help of the vehicle, new sales markets are more easily opened. Customs legislation is being simplified and unified.
Countries such as Tunisia, Syria and Turkey intended to join the Eurasian Economic Union. So far, nothing is known about the specifics of actions regarding the implementation of these desires, however, it may happen that with the entry into the number of countries of a single customs space with Russia, political tension in these states will stabilize. In any case, a lot suggests that these intentions are being discussed and weighed in these countries. Another country that is now a potential candidate for joining the CU is Uzbekistan.
With the death of President Karimov, who clearly did not want to integrate into any of the regional organizations, the policy in the state changed. Uzbekistan is experiencing the most difficult economic situation, without much hope for improvement. The TS would be extremely beneficial for him. It is worth remembering that the largest number of migrants in Russia come from Uzbekistan and Tajikistan. There are also many from Kyrgyzstan, but they have a much more stable legal position, since this country is a member of the Customs Union. The customs union is still one of the steps to strengthen ties between the states of the former USSR. Through economic ties, through economic and technological chains - to the restoration of renewed ties and new political realities.
The Customs Union (CU) is an official association based on the agreement of the participating countries on the abolition of customs borders between them, and accordingly the abolition of duties. Also, the basis for the functioning of the union is the use of a single tariff for all other states. As a result, the Customs Union has created a huge single customs territory, within which goods are moved without the expense of crossing customs borders.
Although the Customs Union was legally created in 2010, it actually began to work only on July 1, 2011, when acts on the creation of a single customs territory came into force in the participating countries, and all control and regulatory bodies were created and began to operate. At the moment, five states are members of the CU - Russia, Kazakhstan, Armenia, Belarus and Kyrgyzstan. Several other countries are official candidates to join the organization or are considering doing so.
The Russian Federation is the initiator and basis of the CU. This country has the most powerful economy among all participating countries, and within the Union it has the opportunity to increase the competitiveness of its goods within the common market, which, according to experts, will give it additional profits in less than 10 years, totaling $400 billion.
For Kazakhstan, participation in the Customs Union is primarily good because it allows it to enter an association that provides a total of up to 16% of world grain exports. Working in the same field, Kazakhstan and Russia had the opportunity to significantly influence the world grain market, changing its conditions in their favor. In addition, the rapidly developing agricultural industry of Kazakhstan in this way managed to significantly strengthen its position in the Russian Federation and other countries of the association.
For Belarus, which has long been partially integrated with Russia into a single customs and economic field, participation in the Customs Union made it possible to expand the geography of preferential supplies of its products to several more countries, and also increased the influx of investments, in particular from Kazakhstan. According to experts, participation in the Customs Union annually brings Belarus up to $2 billion in additional profit.
These countries have recently become members of the Customs Union. Their involvement made it possible to further strengthen the association’s position in the global energy market. These same countries have received preferential access to markets, the total volume of which significantly exceeds their economic capabilities, so they are predicted to accelerate GDP growth and the general well-being of the population.
In general, the Customs Union is considered as a mutually beneficial economic partnership of geographically and mentally close countries that have equal rights and opportunities within the framework of the association. Considering the prospects for the accession of new members, we can expect that in the near future the CU will become an even more powerful and influential economic bloc.
The heads of government of the EurAsEC countries decided to join Kyrgyzstan to the Customs Union, a special working group was created, said acting Prime Minister of Kyrgyzstan Omurbek Babanov at a meeting of the EurAsEC Interstate Council at the level of heads of government in St. Petersburg.
The decision to create the Customs Union of Russia, Belarus and Kazakhstan was made in August 2006 at an informal summit of the Eurasian Economic Community (EurAsEC).
The Customs Union provides for the creation of a single customs territory, within which customs duties and restrictions of an economic nature are not applied, with the exception of special protective, anti-dumping and countervailing measures. Within the framework of the Customs Union, a single customs tariff and other uniform measures to regulate trade in goods with third countries are applied.
On October 6, 2007 in Dushanbe, Russia, Belarus and Kazakhstan, based on the Treaty establishing the EurAsEC of October 10, 2000, signed the Treaty on the creation of a single customs territory and the formation of the Customs Union, and also approved the Action Plan for its creation. It was decided that the rest of the EurAsEC countries would join it as they were ready.
The highest body of the Customs Union, in accordance with the Treaty of October 6, 2007, is the Interstate Council, which includes the heads of state and heads of government of the three republics: President of the Russian Federation Dmitry Medvedev, Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation Vladimir Putin; President of the Republic of Belarus Alexander Lukashenko, Prime Minister of the Republic of Belarus Sergei Sidorsky, President of the Republic of Kazakhstan Nursultan Nazarbayev, Prime Minister of the Republic of Kazakhstan Karim Masimov.
Since October 2008, the functions of the supreme body of the Customs Union of Belarus, Kazakhstan and Russia were assumed by the Interstate Council of the EurAsEC at the level of heads of state (Interstate Council - VOTS).
To ensure the conditions for the functioning and development of the union, a single permanent regulatory body was established - the Customs Union Commission. Its decisions are binding and do not require confirmation at the national level. They are adopted by two-thirds of the votes, Russia has 57 votes in the commission, Belarus and Kazakhstan have 21 votes each.
On February 4, 2009, by decision of the Customs Union Commission, Sergei Glazyev was approved as the executive secretary of the Customs Union Commission.
Disputes between member states of the Customs Union are resolved by the Court of the Eurasian Community. By 2012, it will be possible to challenge the actions of the Customs Union bodies and state authorities of this association in the EurAsEC court.
In 2009, the Supreme Body of the Customs Union, the Commission of the Customs Union and the governments of the parties carried out a set of measures to complete the formation of the legal framework of the Customs Union, including the Unified Customs Tariff, the Customs Code, and the Statute of the Court of the Customs Union.
On November 27, 2009, the Customs Union Commission adopted a decision “On unified customs and tariff regulation of the Customs Union of the Republic of Belarus, the Republic of Kazakhstan and the Russian Federation.”
The Customs Union formally began its work on January 1, 2010, when the Common Customs Tariff (CCT) came into force.
On July 5, 2010, at the EurAsEC summit in Astana, Russia, Kazakhstan and Belarus signed a Statement on the entry into force of the Customs Code. For three countries it applies from July 6, 2010, for Russia and Kazakhstan - from July 1, 2010.
The Unified Customs Code provides for a number of provisions that have no legal analogy in the customs legislation of the member states of the Customs Union: the concept of the Unified Customs Territory of the Customs Union was introduced; uniform conditions for customs transit have been created throughout the territory of the union; Customs clearance in mutual trade and, step by step, customs control (at the border) of goods originating from the territory of the member states of the Customs Union and goods of third countries released for free circulation in the single customs territory have been abolished. The Code provides for mutual recognition of measures to ensure the payment of customs duties throughout the territory of the Customs Union. The institution of an authorized economic operator is also being introduced - a person who is granted the right to use special simplifications when carrying out customs procedures.
On September 1, 2010, the regime for crediting and distributing duties began to operate on the territory of the Customs Union. According to tripartite agreements, import duties are credited to a single account and then distributed proportionally between the budgets of Russia, Kazakhstan and Belarus. , in Kazakhstan - 7.33%, in Belarus - 4.7%.
On July 1, 2011, customs authorities stopped controls at the internal borders of the Customs Union.
In accordance with the action plan approved by the three states, Russian customs authorities will cease all customs operations in relation to goods and vehicles traveling to the territory of our country, which were previously carried out at checkpoints across the state border of the Russian Federation on its Kazakhstan section. On the Russian-Belarusian border at notification acceptance points (PPUs), operations to control the transit of goods from third countries that remained until recently have been stopped.
A transition period is being introduced on the Russian-Kazakh border, during which border checkpoints will remain at which border and migration control will be carried out.
Customs control over goods and vehicles traveling to the territory of the Customs Union will be carried out by the customs services of Russia, Belarus and Kazakhstan at checkpoints on the external borders. for each consignment of goods processed on their territory with a request to join the Customs Union.
Russia has long been inviting Ukraine to the Customs Union, but Kyiv declares that it is ready to cooperate with the Customs Union in the “3+1” format. At the same time, Ukraine hopes to initial an association agreement with the EU by the end of 2011, part of which is a provision on a free trade zone. But after former Ukrainian Prime Minister Yulia Tymoshenko was sentenced to seven years in prison for abuse of power, the European Union threatened to freeze the negotiations.
The material was prepared based on information from open sources
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