Treatment of myositis. Muscle myositis How to cure sore muscles

All life is associated with movement, which is provided by various muscle groups. If their function is impaired, a person’s quality of life is significantly reduced - he cannot fully take care of himself and follow his usual daily routine. Fortunately, these diseases are quite rare. The most common of these are myositis. According to statistics from Professor N.A. Mukhina, they are observed no more than 1 case per 100 thousand population.

Myositis is an inflammation of certain muscle groups that develops under the influence of some damaging factor. In the initial stages, it manifests itself only as weakness or heaviness in the limbs, “masquerading” as ordinary fatigue or the flu. However, after a few days or weeks the patient is unable to get out of bed due to muscle immobility. Timely detection of myositis and its adequate treatment can eliminate the pathological process and restore the previous quality of life.

Classification and causes of myositis

There are several forms of the disease, which differ in the mechanism of occurrence, symptoms and treatment tactics. In the tenth revision of the International Classification of Diseases, they were systematized taking into account the above criteria. However, the main distinguishing feature, which suggests the form of myositis even when interviewing the patient, is the cause of development.

Acute infectious myositis

Currently, it is quite rare. Acute infectious myositis can develop for two reasons:

1. viruses – after a previous or other disease, the causative agent of which was a virus. It should be noted that most often myositis forms after (affecting the intestines), due to its migration through the blood into muscle tissue;
2. bacteria - any entry of these microorganisms into the muscles leads to the development of infectious myositis. They can penetrate in the following ways:
   • from the environment due to deep damage to soft tissues (deep cut, open fracture, incorrectly placed intramuscular injection, etc.);
   • from an infectious focus in other organs (when bacteria enter the blood or develop sepsis);
   • from surrounding tissues (with phlegmon of fatty tissue,).

Acute infectious myositis, as a rule, has a favorable course - recovery occurs within 2 weeks (with the exception of the development of myositis against the background of sepsis).

Interstitial myositis

This is a special form of myositis that develops due to damage to the connective tissue between muscles (interstitium). Most often, this is observed when mycobacteria (Koch bacilli) pass from the lungs, along the bloodstream, to other tissues. They settle in the interstitium and form granulomas - dense, space-occupying formations of pathogens and immune cells. The inflammatory reaction from the connective tissue spreads to the surrounding muscles and myositis develops.

Traumatic myositis ossificans

This myositis can develop after any injury to the limb (fracture, dislocation, penetrating injury, etc.) due to which hemorrhage occurs in the muscle tissue. If the blood has not broken down within 7-10 days, an area of ​​“ossification” gradually forms in its place, which constantly injures the muscle and causes its inflammation.

“Typical” traumatic myositis

Professional sports are often the cause of myositis. Typical localizations are:

Polymyositis and dermatopolymyositis

These forms are very similar to each other, the only significant difference is that with dermatopolymyositis, along with the muscles, the skin is severely affected. The exact cause of the development of these diseases is not clear, but the role of heredity has been proven. With certain characteristics of the immune system, lymphocytes can “make a mistake” and produce antibodies against normal tissues of the body (this is called an autoimmune process).

Juvenile dermatomyositis

The course of this form is very similar to classic dermatomyositis. The difference lies in the age of the patients (the juvenile form affects children from 5 to 15 years old) and the outcome - the disease is more severe and “ossification” (ossification) in the muscles is more often observed. A typical localization is neck myositis.

Dermatomyositis in neoplasms

Myositis can occur with malignant tumors. This is due to the formation of paraneoplastic syndrome - a rather rare phenomenon due to which cells of the immune system attack not only neoplasms, but also normal cells (including muscle cells)

Professional myositis

In the latest revision of the International Classification of Diseases, this type is not distinguished separately, since it is traumatic myositis. However, occupational pathologists separate it from others. For those employees of government organizations whose profession involves daily physical activity (and who have myositis), benefits of a social nature and in the organization of work are provided (increasing the number of breaks, reducing the number of shifts, switching to work with less workload).

Symptoms of myositis

The course and symptoms of myositis differ significantly in different forms of the disease, which allows them to be diagnosed already at the stage of examination and questioning. It is important to pay attention not only to muscle damage, but also to the condition of surrounding tissues (skin, fiber over muscles, bones), since changes in them can also be signs of myositis.

Symptoms of acute infectious myositis

This is the most favorable form of the disease. As a rule, it is preceded by symptoms of influenza or other acute respiratory viral infections:

• fever;
• decreased/lack of appetite;
• weakness;
• local symptoms (runny nose, sore throat or nose, cough of any nature, and so on).

After they disappear (within 1-2 days), initial manifestations of myositis of the muscles of the arms and legs: weakness or heaviness; pain, the same on both sides. They are typically more pronounced in the shoulders and hips than in more distant parts of the extremities (feet/wrist).

The disease progresses extremely quickly. Within a few days (in severe cases, one), symptoms of myositis of the muscles of the back, chest and neck appear. The patient becomes absolutely motionless. A distinctive feature of the disease is that reflexes (knee, elbow, etc.) are completely preserved. The pain syndrome is also pronounced - any palpation of the muscles causes suffering to the patient.

How to test your knee reflex at home? If you don’t have a rubber mallet in your house or apartment, you can use the edge of your palm for this purpose. Before testing the reflex, check that the patient’s arm or leg is completely relaxed. It is most convenient to evoke the knee reflex from the “leg to leg” position - to do this, you need to strike with medium force 2-4 cm below the kneecap (along the quadriceps tendon, which can be felt with your hand).

How quickly muscle damage develops is how quickly it goes away. After the loss of the ability to move, after 6-10 hours (rarely up to 24 hours), myositis of the neck muscles begins to disappear without treatment. On average, all symptoms regress within 2-3 days. In severe cases, the patient is unable to get out of bed for more than a week; in this case, muscle damage can last up to 2-3 weeks.

Symptoms of interstitial myositis

Most often, this form develops against the background of tuberculosis or. The disease is chronic, often occurs without acute symptoms and progresses slowly. It is characterized by atypical localizations. For example, such patients more often develop myositis of the thoracic or cervical spine, without affecting the muscles of the extremities.

The following symptoms are characteristic of interstitial myositis:

• nagging pain, of medium or low intensity, which has a specific location and does not migrate;
• when palpated, you can determine not only muscle soreness, but also limited areas of compaction;
• the patient rarely feels severe weakness in the affected muscles. As a rule, muscle functions are preserved and movements are limited slightly.

In addition to the symptoms of myositis, patients exhibit signs of the underlying disease, which must be paid attention to during diagnosis. With tuberculosis, this is a violation of normal breathing (cough with sputum, shortness of breath) and general weight loss. Syphilis in the first period is manifested by local symptoms in the genital area (hard chancre in the form of compactions or ulcers).

Symptoms of traumatic myositis ossificans

For a long time after injury (several months to a year), myositis ossificans can occur hidden. Often, patients seek medical help after discovering a dense area on their leg or arm, which resembles bone in density. Pain syndrome can be expressed in different ways - it depends on the location and size of the formation. If it lies more superficially, it injures the muscle tissue more and causes pain. When located closer to the bone, the patient may not experience any discomfort.

Muscle weakness is rarely observed with traumatic myositis. General symptoms (fever, weight loss, decreased/lack of appetite) are also absent.

Symptoms of polymyositis

Polymyositis can develop in different ways. In the younger group of the population (under 20-25 years old), it often begins acutely. The patient feels sudden weakness and pain in the muscles of the upper or lower extremities; there may be general symptoms: slight fever (up to 38 o C), headache, lack/decreased appetite. Older people are characterized by a mild onset of polymyositis, which manifests itself as muscle pain in the arms or legs.

Subsequently, pain in weakened muscles occurs. As a rule, they are of a pulling nature, of medium intensity, spreading over the entire surface of the affected muscle. With palpation and physical activity, the pain syndrome intensifies.

If the patient receives adequate treatment, the disease progresses very slowly. Signs of cervical myositis, damage to the pectoral or scapular muscles may occur. Functional dysfunction of the hands and feet develops only in 5-10% of cases.

Additional symptoms may appear:

• slight peeling, cracking, redness of the skin over the affected muscles;
• joint pain that is transient (appears in different locations and quickly disappears with treatment);
• difficulty breathing (shortness of breath during prolonged physical work or walking), due to weakness of the diaphragmatic muscle.

Most often, polymyositis does not lead to life-threatening conditions.

Symptoms of dermatomyositis

The first symptom of dermatomyositis is most often a rash on the skin over certain muscles (usually on the shoulders, shoulder blades, hips and buttocks). The rash may also spread to the joints, neck and face (upper eyelids, sides of the nose). It has a characteristic appearance:

• red or bright pink;
• rises above the surface of the skin (less often in the form of flat, even, rounded spots);
• the rash is constantly peeling off.

After this, weakness and muscle pain gradually appear. In general, the subsequent course of dermatomyositis is similar to polymyositis. A distinctive sign may be the appearance of constant pallor of the hands and a feeling of “coldness” in them.

This form of myositis, as a rule, is asymptomatic (especially in cysticercosis and teniahrynchiosis). During the period of activity of Trichinella larvae, the patient may experience discomfort in the affected muscles. Weakness and dysfunction of the limb are almost never observed.

Symptoms of myositis in neoplasms

Against the background of malignant tumors, the symptoms of myositis are expressed in the form of dermatomyositis (much more often) or polymyositis. Additionally, the patient often experiences general exhaustion/weight loss; low temperature (about 37 o C), which persists for weeks and months; loss of appetite and fatigue.

Diagnosis of myositis

To confirm the presence of myositis and determine its form, questioning and examining the patient is not enough. To do this, additional examination is carried out using instrumental and laboratory diagnostic methods.

Normal indicators:
leukocytes - 4.0-9.0*10 9 /1l;
neutrophils – 2.0-5.5*10 9 /1l (47-72% of the total number of leukocytes;
Eosinophils – 0.02-0.3*10 9 /1l (0.5-5% of the total number of leukocytes).

• – pay attention to the level of CK fraction MB (creatine phosphokinase enzyme), an increase in which indicates damage to muscle tissue; C-reactive protein, which is a sign of autoimmune inflammation;

Normal indicators:
CPK-MB – 0-24 U/l, CRP – 0.78-5.31 ng/ml

To determine the form of myositis, it is necessary to comprehensively assess the patient’s condition and the data of diagnostic measures.

Treatment

Treatment of myositis is determined by the form of the disease. For successful therapy, it is necessary to stop/delay the inflammatory process in the muscles, eliminate its cause and provide adequate pain relief to the patient in order to improve his quality of life.

Treatment of acute infectious (purulent) myositis

The main thing with this form of myositis is to promptly eliminate the cause of the disease. If a purulent focus (phlegmon or abscess) has not yet formed in the muscle, then you can limit yourself to prescribing antibiotics:

• Penicillins (Amoxicillin, Carbenicillin, Ampicillin) - if the patient did not take any antibacterial drugs 3 months before the disease;
• Protected versions of penicillins (Amoxiclav) - if the patient has taken penicillins in the next 3 months;
• Macrolides (Azithromycin, Erythromycin) are the best option to eliminate the immunity of bacteria to penicillins (including protected ones). For the treatment of myositis in a child under 5 years of age, it is preferable to use Josamycin, an antibiotic that has a minimal number of side effects.

Prescribing one of these drugs allows you to cope with the bacterial infection that causes myositis. To improve the general condition of the patient in case of severe intoxication (fever over 38 o C, severe weakness, lack of appetite, etc.) it is recommended:

• intravenous drip infusions (droppers) with physiological solution (sodium chloride) in a volume of 1.5-2 liters;
• abundant alkaline drinking (mineral waters of Essentuki, Naftusya, Arzni);
• taking NSAIDs in combinations (paracetamol; Antigrippin, Coldrex, Teraflu solutions).

When an abscess/phlegmon forms, surgical intervention is necessary to eliminate the purulent focus.

Treatment of dermatomyositis and polymyositis

The main reason for the development of these forms of myositis is an “error” of the body’s immunity (autoimmune process). Therefore, patients need to reduce the function of the immune system. For this purpose, glucocorticosteroid hormones are prescribed in the form of Prednisolone or Methylprednisolone. The dose is chosen individually and constantly adjusted, depending on the effect of therapy, so constant monitoring by a doctor is necessary.

Cytostatics or Glucocorticosteroids? Currently, there are various schemes for starting treatment. In the first case, all therapy is carried out with hormones (Prednisolone), starting with large doses and gradually reducing to maintenance (for constant use). In the second, the first drug used is a cytostatic (a drug that inhibits the growth of immune cells), which has more side effects, but better effectiveness. The doctor can use one of these regimens, since there is no clear solution for the treatment of these forms of myositis.

On average, the effect of treatment occurs 4-6 weeks after starting Prednisolone. If the patient regains muscle strength and the pain goes away, the minimum dose is left for lifelong use. If symptoms persist, increase the dose or switch to cytostatics (Methotrexate, Azathioprine, Cyclosporine).

Treatment of interstitial myositis

To eliminate the symptoms of interstitial myositis, adequate treatment of the underlying disease is necessary. To do this, the patient is sent to a specialized department or dispensary (if tuberculosis is present), where he undergoes a course of therapy prescribed by a specialist.

Treatment of traumatic myositis ossificans

It has been proven that conservative treatment has no effect on the course of this form of myositis. Therefore, it is necessary to take a wait-and-see approach - wait until the bone formation is completely formed and determine whether it interferes with the patient’s ability to lead his usual lifestyle. If the patient needs to get rid of it, surgical removal of the ossification is performed. Indications for surgery:

• damage to a nearby joint;
• compression of a large nerve/vessel;
• regular muscle injury.

The prognosis after treatment is favorable, there are no relapses of the disease.

Treatment of myositis in neoplasms

The main point in the treatment of this form is the treatment of the tumor, which is determined by the oncologist. In order to reduce the symptoms of myositis, hormones (Prednisolone or Methylprednisolone) are used.

Treatment of occupational myositis

For the treatment of occupational myositis, an integrated approach is used, which is based on a combination of physiotherapeutic procedures with pharmacological drugs. Currently, patients are recommended to take the following measures:

Physiotherapeutic:

• warming up the affected muscles and improving their blood circulation (paraffin baths, galvanic currents, UHF) - has a good effect on back myositis;
• sanatorium-resort treatment – ​​preferably at mineral springs or with the possibility.

Medicinal:

• taking vitamins B 6 (pyridoxine) and B 12 (folic acid);
• NSAIDs (Ketorolac, Ibuprofen, etc.) to relieve pain.

Myositis is a disease that affects one of the most important tissues in the body - muscle. The large number of species makes it difficult to diagnose, however, laboratory and instrumental examination methods make it possible to determine the specific type of myositis in the early stages of the disease. Treatment should be selected individually for each patient, depending on the form, severity of symptoms and course of the disease. It is aimed not only at reducing symptoms, but also at eliminating the cause. If doctors manage to complete both stages of therapy in full, the patient will be able to forget about myositis forever. Unfortunately, some forms of the disease cannot be completely cured, but even with them it is possible to maintain a decent quality of life for the patient.

What it is? Myositis is an inflammatory lesion of one or a group of muscles in the cervical, lumbar or thoracic spine. The course of the disease is accompanied by severe pain, muscle weakness and muscle atrophy (reduction in their volume and degeneration of fibers).

Lack of treatment for myositis at an early stage leads to damage to a large muscle mass (polymyositis), inflammation of the skin (dermatomyositis), nerve fibers (neuromyositis) and joints (arthritis with myositis).

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Causes of occurrence and mechanism of development

The inflammatory process in the muscles can be caused by the following reasons:

The mechanism of occurrence and course of myositis is determined by a combination of several processes. The most common cause of development is the presence of infection in the body - these are viruses, E. coli, staphylococcus and streptococcus.

In this regard, muscle inflammation complicates the course of an infectious disease (for example, influenza, sore throat, tonsillitis, pneumonia).

A purulent infection in the body also provokes the development of myositis (purulent foci, muscle abscesses or sepsis). Its formation in muscle tissue is provoked by trauma to the skin without subsequent compliance with antiseptic rules.

An autoimmune infection can cause myositis - this process is as follows: when microbial toxins enter the body, the immune system releases antibodies that attack the connective tissue of the muscles. The body, in response to the stimulus, attacks itself.

In an autoimmune process, collagen and elastic fibers, fibrous muscle capsules, tendons are first damaged, and then the muscle tissue itself. This is how myositis develops in rheumatism, etc.

Endogenous (internal) intoxication causes the development of toxic myositis. This process is as follows: failure of internal organs (for example, heart or liver), caused by an endocrine disorder (for example, toxicosis, diabetes), causes the formation of endogenous toxins in the muscles.

• External poisoning with drugs, alcohol or industrial emissions also provokes the development of myositis.

Myositis ossificans (inflammation of muscles due to injuries and bruises) leads to muscle ossification, which is caused by the deposition of salts in them. The pathogenesis of this type of myositis is not fully understood today. It is also known that it can be transmitted by heredity.

Symptoms of myositis by location of pain

Depending on the location of the inflammatory process, the patient may experience different manifestations of the disease.

Neck

Cervical myositis is usually provoked by a draft. Its manifestation occurs in the morning, one or two days after the person’s neck has been “blown out.”

• difficulty moving the head;
• pain in the frontal region, back of the head and ears;
• violation of the swallowing process;
• constant increase in pain: at first aching pain appears when moving, later it is present even at rest;
• weather changes affect the severity of pain;
• swelling in the neck area;
• redness of the skin of the neck;
• muscle weakness;
• increased body temperature (sometimes fever).

Small of the back

Myositis of the back muscles is characterized by a long course. Patients complain of severe headaches and general malaise, pain that intensifies when bending or turning.

Symptoms of back muscle myositis can appear all at once or gradually as the disease progresses:

• aching pain in the lumbar muscles;
• thickening of muscle tissue;
• painful sensations when feeling the muscles;
• joint pain;
• body temperature rises;
• a state of chills appears;
• constant muscle tension is felt;
• mobility is limited.

The pain syndrome may intensify with changes in weather or atmospheric pressure.

Pectoral muscles

Thoracic myositis is characterized by an increase in pain. The pain does not leave a person even at rest.
Symptoms of thoracic myositis:

• general weakness;
• chest pain;
• a feeling of muscle spasm (numbness) (especially in the morning);
• pressing on the muscle increases pain;
• the muscles of the chest can be easily palpated (felt);
• body temperature rises and a state of chills appears;
• the skin over the problem area swells and turns red;
• when palpated, the muscles appear lumpy;
• weather changes increase pain.

Features of myositis symptoms in children

In children, signs of muscle inflammation develop a little differently. Often parents begin to treat a viral infection without medical advice, thereby putting their own child at risk. Symptoms of myositis in children:

• the child complains of pain;
• his body temperature rises;
• the child becomes weak and “lethargic”;
• he is limited in movement (depending on location);
• muscle spasms are observed;
• the skin turns red and swells (in the place where pain is present).

The severity and rate of increase of myositis symptoms indicate the severity of the disease: acute or chronic form.

The appearance of chronic myositis is a consequence of the lack of proper treatment for the acute form of the disease. With inappropriate treatment, the symptoms of chronic myositis worsen.

If you notice symptoms of myositis, you must consult a doctor who can diagnose the disease. He will collect a detailed history and consider the patient’s complaints. Depending on the degree of neglect of the disease, tests are prescribed:

1. General and biochemical blood test to determine whether there is an inflammatory process in the body;
2. Antibody test to rule out autoimmune disease;
3. Magnetic resonance imaging to establish the exact location of muscle tissue damage;
4. Electrophotography: electrical stimulators test muscle functionality;
5. Biopsy of the back muscles, which is a last resort in diagnosing myositis.

The treatment regimen for myositis depends on the cause of its occurrence. The main method of therapy is to take painkillers and anti-inflammatory drugs, for example, Ortofen, Analgin, Diclofenac, Voltaren.

The operation is accompanied by the introduction of medications into the body to eliminate intoxication, such as immunostimulants and vitamins.

• warm compress;
• rubbing with ointments;
• exercise therapy.

In the hospital, the patient will undergo massage and physiotherapeutic procedures:

• electrophoresis,
• phonophoresis,
• diadynamic currents and others.

As a preventive measure for myositis, sanitary-resort treatment can be prescribed.

Treatment of myositis using traditional methods can also be effective, but it is better when such procedures are carried out with complex drug therapy and in consultation with the attending physician.

Healing ointments prepared from willow bud powder and butter, crushed chamomile flowers or lilac alcohol tincture will help relieve inflammation and field syndrome.

The treatment of cervical myositis is well facilitated by the application of warm boiled and mashed potatoes or cabbage leaves, which are previously rubbed with laundry soap and sprinkled with salt.

You can make compresses from burdock leaves scalded with boiling water or honey wraps.

Tinctures of honey and apple cider vinegar diluted with water, a decoction of adonis herb or burdock root work well against muscle inflammation.

Prognosis and possible complications

As a preventive measure, you should simply take care of your health, adhering to the basic recommendations not only regarding myositis, but also other diseases:

• prevent body hypothermia;
• do not be in drafts;
• avoid carrying infectious diseases on your feet;
• exercise;
• when doing sedentary work, take breaks to warm up;
• diversify your diet with foods high in vitamins and minerals.

Myositis causes the development of muscle weakness - a person feels difficulty climbing stairs, it becomes difficult for him to move, and is in an upright position.

Lack of treatment leads to damage to new muscles. With cervical myositis, the larynx, pharynx and esophagus become inflamed. Inflammation in the respiratory muscles causes severe shortness of breath.

Myositis must be treated promptly to avoid muscle atrophy, which can last for the rest of life. If you notice symptoms of the disease, you should immediately consult a doctor.

Back myositis is an inflammatory muscle disease that can occur due to various factors. Symptoms of this disease can vary, but generally there is pain in the affected area. There are other symptoms. It intensifies during movement and palpation. There is an increase in body temperature.

The disease occurs due to drafts or hypothermia, muscle injuries or damage, bacterial infections, toxic lesions. We can also talk about autoimmune lesions, acute viral infections, and long-term stress on the body.

Drug treatment for this disease can not only cure the underlying disease, but also eliminate the cause of the disease.

Therefore, it is very important to undergo a course of therapy under the supervision of a specialist. He will know exactly what means to use and will be able to help at any moment if something goes wrong. Moreover, you, as a patient, will be able to constantly take tests and monitor your health constantly.

All adults have at least somehow encountered inflammation of the back muscles. This is a very familiar feeling when, after a couple of days at the dacha, the lower back ache or a person does not feel comfortable straightening up. It is the inflammation of the back muscles that causes such discomfort.

The main symptoms of the disease are pain, which intensifies when palpated. Pain also intensifies during movement or when the weather changes. In addition, there are other symptoms. The inflammatory process is complemented by muscle atrophy, redness and swelling of the body, as well as muscle weakness.

It is very important to diagnose on time, then treatment will give a good result. The main signs of the disease include:

• pain, aching in nature, that intensifies when the muscles are touched or when they move;
• the presence of cords and nodules, which are painful inflammatory foci;
• redness of the skin, the appearance of slight swelling;
• presence of headaches and fever;
• deterioration of the patient's condition (this is possible when adequate treatment is not available).

Main symptoms of the disease in children

Very often, back myositis in children can be recognized only by monitoring their behavior. This is due to the fact that it is difficult for young patients to talk about what and where they hurt.

There are local and general symptoms of the disease in children.

General symptoms of back myositis include the presence of pain, fever, weakness and other signs that indicate general intoxication.

Local symptoms appear depending on where the inflammation is located. But such symptoms do not differ, regardless of the form of back myositis.

Such symptoms are the presence of:

You can often notice the presence of the first signs of back myositis in the morning, after a seemingly normal preliminary state. The baby begins to behave differently. He is characterized by lethargy, he is capricious, and begins to cry. If you try to change the position, the baby starts crying more. An increase in temperature is very common. It is not necessary that a viral or bacterial infection be present.

When a doctor examines a child, tension in a specific muscle group is detected. It cannot be done without a spastic state, sharp pains when feeling the body. Often the area of ​​skin over the area of ​​inflammation is hot and red.

What medications will help adults?

Treatment of back myositis in adults is aimed at eliminating the inflammation process. Treatment of the main disease or factor that provoked the development of inflammation is also expected.

If we talk about traditional remedies, then in order to relieve inflammation, it is recommended to use non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs:

• "Diclofenac".
• "Ketorolac".
• "Ibuprofen."
• "Movalisa".

It is better to use these remedies as injections. But you should not use them for more than a week. This can lead to the appearance of medicinal ulcers in the gastrointestinal tract.

Also, drugs that have a venotonic and angioprotective effect will have a good effect. Such a medicine could be L-lysine escinate. Thanks to it, swelling of soft tissues is eliminated, the inflammatory process is eliminated, and pain is reduced.

If the disease is caused by bacterial flora, then drugs such as antibiotics should be used. Sometimes surgical intervention is not possible, for example, in the presence of pus in the interfascial area.

Ointments during the treatment of back myositis provide a warming effect and relieve pain. The use of warming ointments (Finalgona, Zostrix, Apizatron, Capsicam) is recommended to relieve spasms and warm up the muscles. They are used in situations where the disease is caused by prolonged stress.

Improper application of the ointment causes skin burns.

Ointments that relieve inflammation can be taken for various forms of the disease immediately after diagnosis. They provide pain relief, prevent swelling, and fight inflammation.

Therefore you can use:

• "Diclofenac."
• "Indomethacin."
• "Ketonal".
• "Bystrum gel."
• "Nise gel."

What medications will help cure the disease in children

Treatment of the disease in children should be carried out only after a specialist has established the correct diagnosis. Under no circumstances should you self-medicate. This could end in tragic consequences. Everything is due to the fact that under the guise of myositis, dangerous illnesses can be hidden.

The complex uses medications that can improve blood supply to the affected area and fight inflammation and pain.

To relieve muscle inflammation and pain, it is necessary to use non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. If the case of the disease is advanced, then hormonal drugs are used.

To improve blood supply and relieve the spastic state of the baby's muscles, treatment with ointments that can warm (rubbing, massages, compresses with a warming effect) helps. Treatment with physiotherapeutic procedures (UHF, ultrasound and medications) also has a good effect on the child’s body.

What is important to know?

Treatment of myositis should be individualized. Only a qualified specialist can do this. Under no circumstances should you self-medicate. This way, the pain syndrome can be eliminated, and the cause of the disease will remain unnoticed. Therefore, the doctor must first conduct a serious examination. This is how the cause of the disease is revealed. After this, you can begin prescribing appropriate therapy.

The use of analgesics is usually recommended to relieve pain. They also prescribe medications that relieve inflammation. If myositis is local, then use ointments and creams with a local irritant effect. If the form of the disease is too acute, then the patient cannot do without bed rest. This way the affected muscles are at rest. The purulent form of the disease requires surgical intervention. In addition, it is recommended to prescribe massages, physiotherapeutic procedures and therapeutic exercises.

Often in medical practice there is such a pathology as inflammation of the arm muscle, the treatment of which can be carried out at home. Inflammation of skeletal muscles that participate in human motor movements is called myositis. It can occur in anyone. Most often, this disease is associated with lifestyle. It has been established that inflammation of the arm muscles is an occupational disease. Most often, this pathology is diagnosed in adults, but can also be detected in children. What is the etiology, clinical picture and treatment of hand myositis?

Features of arm muscle inflammation

Myositis is a large group of skeletal muscle diseases that occur with similar symptoms. The etiology can be very different. Muscle inflammation can be an independent disease or a manifestation of another pathology, for example, tuberculosis. Often muscles are affected by systemic diseases (lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, dermatomyositis). The muscles of the hand are responsible for performing purposeful actions; they are responsible for the accuracy of movements. A person does all the work with his hands, so it is very important that the arm muscles function well. There are many muscle groups in the upper limbs. If only one of them becomes inflamed, local myositis occurs. Very often, several muscle groups are involved in the process at once, then this condition is called polymyositis.

Depending on the etiology and course of the disease, the following forms of inflammation of the arm muscles are distinguished:

If damage to the arm muscle is an independent disease, it is called myositis ossificans. It is known that muscles are in direct contact with the skin of the human body. Sometimes the inflammatory process affects the skin, and dermatomyositis occurs.

Etiological factors

Inflammation of the muscles in the arm can occur for various reasons. The muscles of the shoulder girdle, forearm, shoulder and hand may be affected. All reasons can be divided into external and internal.

External reasons include:

• heavy loads on the muscular system of the arm;
• lack of muscle preparation before playing sports;
• prolonged muscle tension during work;
• local hypothermia;
• staying in cold water (swimming in an ice hole);
• alcohol abuse;
• drug use (cocaine);
• mechanical injury to the hand.

Myositis of the arm muscles often occurs in individuals engaged in certain types of activities. The risk group includes drivers, programmers, musicians (pianists, violinists). During their activity, the muscles are constantly under tension. An uncomfortable working posture contributes to this. The simplest reason is injury to the arm muscles. As a result of injury, muscle fibers may rupture. This leads to swelling and inflammation.

Symptoms of hand myositis

Clinical manifestations of inflammation of the arm muscles are few. The main symptoms are:

• pain in the arm that gets worse with movement;
• the appearance of nodules in the muscles;
• swelling of the affected area;
• skin redness;
• limb weakness;
• muscle tension.

Myositis can occur in acute and chronic forms. Acute inflammation is characterized by a violent onset. Most often this occurs with infectious diseases and injuries. If the injury is open, then inflammation develops as a result of infection of the wound. Acute purulent inflammation may be accompanied by an increase in body temperature and other symptoms of intoxication (weakness, malaise). Joint function is often impaired. In case of acute inflammation of the hand muscles, a person cannot perform work.

As for the chronic form of myositis, it often develops against the background of acute inflammation, when proper medical care is not provided. In terms of prevalence, inflammation of the arm muscles is inferior to that of the lower back. When the arm muscles become inflamed, the mobility of the latter is limited. A sick person is unable to raise his arms (in case of damage to the muscles of the shoulder girdle). Neuromyositis sometimes occurs. Its peculiarity is that along with the muscles, nerves are affected. This contributes to impaired sensitivity in the hands, decreased muscle strength, and severe pain. A characteristic sign of neuromyositis is the symptom of tension. Sometimes nodules or areas of compaction can be felt deep under the skin. These symptoms indicate fibromyositis. In this situation, muscle tissue is replaced by connective tissue.

Diagnostic measures

Myositis can be confused with others (tendonitis, tendovaginitis, arthritis). You can contact a therapist, rheumatologist, or neurologist about pain in your arm. Diagnostics includes interviewing the patient, external examination, palpation of the affected area, laboratory tests (blood and urine tests), determination of sensitivity, and assessment of movement in the affected limb. When interviewing a patient, the doctor should pay attention to the sequence of symptoms, the patient’s main complaints, previous illnesses, and a history of chronic pathology. Indications of injury, nature of work, and participation in sports are of great diagnostic importance.

The patient is first examined visually. Then the affected area is palpated. With the help of palpation, local pain and the presence of compactions can be detected. Laboratory testing allows us to identify signs of the inflammatory process. To exclude autoimmune diseases, rheumatic tests are performed. At the same time, the content of acute phase proteins (C-reactive protein), rheumatic factor, and antinuclear antibodies in the blood is assessed. If polymyositis or dermatomyositis is detected, a biopsy may be done.

How to cure myositis

If the arm muscle is inflamed, treatment should be comprehensive.

Therapeutic measures include the use of ointments, gels that have anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects; massage, acupuncture, manual therapy, eliminating the main cause of inflammation.

For non-purulent myositis of infectious etiology, the following gels can be used: “Fastum Gel”, “Apizartron”, “Finalgel”. These remedies reduce inflammation, improve metabolic processes in muscles, and relieve muscle tension. To eliminate pain, analgesics are used in the form of tablets. Doctor Mom ointment is often used to treat children. Treatment of acute myositis also includes resting the affected limb. In case of purulent inflammation development, antibacterial drugs are used. They can be administered by injection or orally.

Working conditions are of great importance in the complex treatment of hand myositis. If you have any symptoms of myositis, you should consult a doctor promptly.

Myositis is a condition in which muscles are affected due to exposure to a wide variety of factors. It can be inflammation , injuries , toxic lesions . This disease is characterized by pain, and in some cases it even affects the muscles. With myositis, inflammatory processes occur in one or several skeletal muscles at once. So inflammation can develop in neck , back , chest . If inflammation has developed in a large number of muscles, then this pathology is usually called polymyositis . If the lesion occurs not only in the muscles, but the skin is also involved in the process, then this disease is called.

This disease is characterized by local pain, the intensity of which increases after a certain period of time. The pain intensifies during movements during which the affected muscles contract. The patient also feels pain during. Due to the pain during the course of the disease, joint movement is limited. Muscle weakness becomes more severe over time, and the affected muscles may atrophy over time. Myositis can also develop into a chronic disease. In this case, its exacerbation occurs during unstable weather conditions, after hypothermia, at night.

Causes of myositis

Types of myositis

Experts define different types of myositis. In most cases, myositis affects the broad muscles of the back, neck, shoulders, and less commonly the muscles of the buttocks are affected. But it is considered the most dangerous neck myositis . With this disease, a dull pain is first felt in the neck, radiating to the back of the head, to the shoulders or between the shoulder blades. With neck myositis, as a rule, the cervical vertebrae can move normally, but sometimes movement restrictions occur due to pain.

Emergence acute purulent myositis very often it is a complication of purulent diseases or septicopyemia. Its occurrence is provoked streptococcus , staphylococcus , Pneumococcus , other . This form of the disease is characterized by the occurrence , , phlegmon in the muscles. With this form of myositis, the patient feels severe pain, which becomes even more noticeable during movement or palpation of the muscles.

Due to infectious diseases, infectious non-purulent myositis . In this case, pain and muscle weakness are much less pronounced than with purulent myositis.

For myositis ossificans characterized by weakness in the muscles, atrophic processes in the muscles, calcium deposition in the connective tissue. At myositis of the lumbar muscles A characteristic symptom is aching pain in the lower back. This disease lasts a long period and is a common cause of lumbar pain. In this case, there is some muscle density and pain on palpation.

Polymyositis

At polymyositis Not one, but several muscle groups are affected. With this disease there are no manifestations of very severe pain, but severe muscle weakness is observed. The disease begins with the patient having difficulty performing normal activities, such as climbing stairs. Later, due to atrophic processes in the neck muscles, it becomes difficult for a person to hold his head upright. At the last stage of the disease, they atrophy chewable , swallowing , involved in the respiratory act muscles. Also, patients with polymyositis sometimes develop. If you take the right treatment tactics and implement it in a timely manner, the patient will fully recover.

Dermatomyositis

Dermatomyositis It especially often manifests itself in women in young or middle age. The probable cause of this disease is considered to be genetic factors . The reason why the disease starts to develop may be stress, a cold, hypothermia, or too much exposure to sunlight. The skin is affected by a red or purple rash that appears on the hands, face, and upper body. With dermatomyositis, the patient also complains of manifestations weaknesses , high temperature , chills . The person begins to lose weight sharply. With this disease, symptoms can appear either gradually or increase rapidly. With such an illness, the muscles often become flabby, and calcium salts accumulate under the skin, causing pain.

Acute and chronic myositis

The disease is usually divided into spicy And chronic myositis, also distinguished professional And catarrhal , purulent And non-purulent myositis. If the patient has an untreated acute stage of myositis, the disease can gradually acquire a chronic form. In chronic myositis, pain occurs in case of hypothermia, weather changes, or at night. The chronic form of myositis also occurs due to an infectious disease.

Symptoms of myositis

The main symptom of this disease is pain, which manifests itself as aching. During movement or touching the muscles, the pain intensifies. Over time, pain may increase. If you feel the muscles, you will find nodules And cords which are particularly painful. Sometimes there is slight swelling and redness of the skin. Also, in patients with myositis, it may occur, headache . With neck myositis, which usually occurs due to hypothermia, the pain radiates to the back of the head, between the shoulder blades, and to the shoulders.

Myositis of the masticatory muscles causes convulsive clenching of the jaws and muscle tension. Sometimes the patient cannot speak or chew at all. If timely treatment is not taken, the disease can progress, causing inflammation to spread to new muscle groups.

Diagnosis of myositis

When diagnosing “myositis,” one should distinguish between myositis and the cervical spine. To do this, an X-ray examination is carried out, and it is also determined whether the mobility of the vertebrae is preserved and whether degenerative lesions occur. The specialist examines the patient's complaints. Later, a blood test is performed: with myositis, increased activity of muscle enzymes is observed in the blood, and specific antibodies are present. Electromyography is used for diagnosis.

Treatment of myositis

Treatment of myositis should be started after the first symptoms of this disease appear. Many different methods are used as therapy, including: electrical stimulation muscles and nerves with the help and pharmacopuncture . In the process of complex therapy, analgesics and drugs with a vasodilating effect are used. If a patient is diagnosed with purulent myositis, he is prescribed antibiotics. With this form of myositis, it is sometimes necessary: ​​opening, draining the wound, and then washing it with antiseptics.

Good results are observed after completing a massage course performed by an experienced specialist. Patients are prescribed regular physical therapy sessions. However, in this case, all movements of the patient and the distribution of the load must be strictly controlled by the attending physician. Also applies vacuum therapy , reflexology . At home, dry heat is used. So, the affected area can be wrapped in a woolen scarf. The method of rubbing the affected area is also used to treat myositis. Heated and dissolved in water are suitable for this purpose.

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