In what cases are 7 adhans read? Azan and Iqamat (detailed analysis)

While reading the adhan, the muezzin's hands should touch his earlobes and his gaze should be directed towards the Kaaba. After the azan, the iqamat is read, after which a supplication (dua) is read, including salawat (blessing) of the Prophet Muhammad, his family and companions.

According to the Sunnah of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him), it is considered undesirable to leave the mosque between adhan and iqama without a good reason. The duration of reading the adhan depends on the prolongation of its words.

Before the advent of the adhan, Muslims performed the fivefold prayer in separate groups. People prayed together with those who were present, and as a result there were several small groups for each prayer. The desire of the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) was to gather all the Sahabah at one time to form a single group for each prayer. The Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) consulted with his companions on this matter.

Some companions suggested lighting a large fire for each prayer to inform people about the time of collective prayer, others suggested using the sound of hitting sticks. Some of the Sahabah suggested using a bell for this purpose. However, the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) chose to reject these proposals, since they were similar to the methods used by Jews and Christians to convene their meetings.

One morning, Abdullah ibn Zeid ibn Abdi Rabbihi (ra) came to the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) in a hurry about a dream he had seen. In a dream, Abdullah ibn Zeid ibn Abdi Rabbihi (r.a.) saw someone (an angel) holding several sticks and offered him to sell these sticks. The angel asked the reason for wanting to buy sticks. Abdullah ibn Zayd ibn Abdi Rabbihi (ra) explained that he wanted to call Muslims to congregational prayer by striking sticks. The angel said, “Shall I show you a better way?” After which the angel pronounced the entire adhan. Abdullah ibn Zeid ibn Abdi Rabbihi (ra) read the adhan before the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam), and the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam), hearing about the dream and the adhan, said: “This is a true dream.” The collections of hadith also mention that on that night, eleven Sahabah (ra) saw the same dream.

Subsequently, Hazrat Jibril (alayhis salam) told the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) through revelation to accept this method of adhan for convening the jamaat. After this, the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) ordered Abdullah ibn Zeid ibn Abdi Rabbihi (R.A.) to show Bilal (R.A.) how to perform the adhan, since Bilal (R.A.) had a strong voice. Another Sahab - Abdullah ibn Umme Makhtum (ra) - was also appointed by the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) as a muezzin.

Azan is one of the characteristic, distinctive features (symbols) of Islam. It is necessary to recite the adhan before every fard prayer. If a locality does not use the adhan to call for congregational prayers, their negligence may be considered sinful.

The Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) said that when the adhan is pronounced, the shaitan turns his back, emitting gases, and runs to the place from where he can no longer hear the adhan. (Mishkaat, volume 1, chapter on adhan).

Hazrat Mu'awiyah (ra) narrated that the Prophet (pbuh) said: “The muezzins will have the longest necks on the Day of Resurrection.” (Ibid.)

Hazrat Abu Saeed Khudri (ra) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) said: “Whoever among people, jinn or other living creatures hears the voice of the muezzin will be a witness to the muezzin on the Day of Resurrection.” (Ibid.)

Hazrat Jabir (ra) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “Whoever makes the dua of Basil for me (the prescribed dua after the azan), my intercession for him on the Day of Resurrection will become obligatory.” (Ibid.)

One of the oldest religions is Islam. It is familiar to almost every person: some profess it, and others have simply heard about it. The Ottoman Empire fought to the last drop of blood not only to expand its territory, but also to spread its faith. In the Islamic religion, the word "adhan" is a call to prayer. Let's try to figure out why Muslims have known about the meaning of this word since childhood, and how the adhan is read correctly.

Prophet Muhammad

Despite the fact that there was more than one prophet in the Islamic religion, it was Muhammad who is considered the founder and final interpreter of the will of Allah. According to legend, one day he gathered his associates for a council in order to decide how the call to prayer should sound. Each offered their own version, which was similar to the customs of other religions: ringing bells (Christianity), sacrifices, burning (Judaism) and others. That same night, one Sahaba (companion of the Prophet Muhammad) - Abu Muhammad Abdullah - saw in a dream an angel who taught him to read the adhan correctly. It seemed incredible, but other companions of the prophet also saw exactly the same dream. This is how it was decided to fulfill the call to prayer.

What is the essence of Islam

Translated from Arabic, the word Islam means submission. This is what all religion is based on. There are five obligatory instructions that must be obediently followed by a Muslim believer.

• First of all, these are shahadas, which sound something like this: I testify that for me there is no other God but Allah, and Muhammad is his prophet.
• Every day 5 times must be carried out in Arabic with the fulfillment of certain instructions).
• During this period, fasting is obligatory, and the believer does not eat food from sunrise to sunset.
• At least once in your life you must visit the Kaaba in the city of Mecca.
• And also the last mandatory requirement is to donate to those in need and to the community.

It is interesting that in Islamic countries religion and the state are very closely related. For example, before each council meeting it is customary to praise Allah. As a rule, it is very difficult for an unbelieving Muslim (kafir) to live among believers, since he may be considered an enemy. If during the adhan a person does not repeat the words, then they will definitely pay attention to him and look at him with contempt. The Koran says that people who do not believe in Allah are enemies and cannot be loved, even if they are relatives. Muslims truly believe that one day the day of judgment will come, and everyone will be rewarded according to their deserts.

First muezzin

A muezzin is a minister who calls people to prayer from a minaret (a tower located next to a mosque). After the procedure for performing the adhan was approved, the Prophet Muhammad ordered one Muslim with a very beautiful voice to learn these rules by heart. This man's name was Bilal ibn Rabah, and he became the first muezzin in the Islamic religion. In addition, there is information that Bilal himself added the words “prayer is better than sleep” to the morning azan, and the Prophet Muhammad approved of this. Only men can read the call to prayer. In addition, in Islamic countries there are competitions for the best recitation of the adhan. It is so beautiful and mesmerizing that even non-believers enjoy listening to it.

Azan Reading Basics

Unique is the fact that in the Islamic faith even the call to prayer is read according to certain rules and rituals that never change. In Israel, the Azan is read five times a day, at the same time. Also, the muezzin must face towards the cubic building (shrine) of the Kaaba, located in the city of Mecca. This is a very important shrine, with which numerous rituals, prayers and, of course, azan are associated. The text that is read facing the Kaaba is considered sacred.

Also, for example, a Muslim who has died is buried on his right side, facing the shrine; it is also recommended to sleep in this position. Reading prayers is also connected with this direction; every believer knows approximately exactly where it is located. In addition, the reader of the adhan raises his hands approximately to the level of his head, and his thumbs of both hands touch the earlobes.

Azan text

The call to prayer among the Muslim people consists of seven formulas that must be heard without fail. No one ever changes the adhan. The text goes something like this:

1. God is glorified four times: “Allah is above all.”
2. The shahada is said twice: “I testify that there is no deity comparable to the One and Only God.”
3. The shahada about the Prophet Muhammad is said twice: “I testify that Muhammad is the messenger of God.”
4. The call itself sounds twice: “Hurry to prayer.”
5. Twice: “Seek salvation.”
6. Twice (if these are the words that Bilal added: “Prayer is better than sleep.”
7. God is glorified twice again: “Allah is above all.”
8. And once again a testimony of faith: “I testify that there is no god but Allah!”

How to correctly read and listen to the call to prayer

As mentioned earlier, the call to prayer should be read by a man with a very beautiful and sonorous voice, holding his earlobes with his fingers. Reading the adhan is reminiscent of singing a song, the words are pronounced very clearly and in a chant, but according to Islamic law, the call should not sound like music. Also, when pronouncing certain phrases, the muezzin turns his head either to the right or to the left. The listener of the adhan, which calms the soul, in turn, must repeat almost all the words he hears. The exception is the phrase “There is no God but Allah,” which is replaced by the expression: “Strength and might only belong to Allah.” And also before morning prayer, having heard the words: “Prayer is better than sleep,” you need to answer: “You said what is true and fair.”

Azan at home

Many of those who become professed Muslims at a conscious age are interested in the question: is it necessary to read the azan at home? This is a call to prayer, but is there any point in calling oneself to prayer? Of course, for Christian believers, the question may seem very strange, but nothing more than an answer to it. Even if the prayer takes place in a house or hotel, it is necessary to read the adhan. This is practically a component of prayer, which cannot be avoided. In Turkish hotels, each room even indicates the direction of the Kaaba, where you should turn when reading the adhan.

What is adhan for a Muslim really?

It would seem that a simple call to prayer, like the ringing of bells in the Orthodox faith, should not raise any special questions. But believing Muslims have their own opinion on this matter. The Qur'an clearly states that adhan is the path to Allah's forgiveness and true faith. The power of calls to prayer is so great that without it, prayer loses its meaning. In addition, in the Islamic faith there is such a thing as sunnah - this is the desired duty of every Muslim.

And the holy scripture says that adhan is a sunnah that opens the way to Paradise. The call to prayer sounds 5 times a day in every mosque, and believers joyfully go to it. They believe that the azan, which calms the soul and gives them peace, will certainly help in their daily affairs and save them from hell.

Azan for children

A child born into a Muslim family is also a part of this large and strong religion from the first days. Azan for children is a sacrament similar to baptism in Orthodoxy. It is believed that the first words a newborn should hear are a call to prayer. Of course, for this it is necessary to call the spiritual head. But, despite the fact that azan is a common occurrence in Israel, it is quite difficult to perform this ritual immediately after the birth of a baby. Most often, the call to prayer for a newborn is read in his ear by the father. Then, after the mother and child are discharged from the maternity hospital, the spiritual leader is invited to the house to conduct the ceremony.

This tradition, of course, has its meaning. First of all, from birth the child is introduced to Allah and taught to praise him. In addition, it is believed that holy words will protect the child from the machinations of Shaitan (the devil).

Since every Muslim knows how to read the adhan, reading it into the ear of a son or daughter is not difficult. Perhaps the Islamic faith is so strong precisely because from birth the child is instilled with love and reverence for Allah. It is believed that parents are obliged to raise a child according to the laws of the Koran, and great responsibility always lies with the head of the family - the man. His responsibilities include providing for the family and its moral principles.

For a true Muslim, ill-mannered children or an errant wife are considered a disgrace. During adhan, the head of the family must go outside, repeat the words after the muezzin and go to prayer. The woman and child can stay at home and pray there. However, contrary to popular belief, Muslim women and young children are not prohibited from entering the mosque. Most often, the whole family comes to the morning adhan and prayer. And then they spend the whole day in a high spiritual mood.

To summarize, we can say that adhan is part of the daily rituals of Islamic peoples. The call to prayer praises Allah and the Prophet Muhammad, and also testifies that there is only one God. The adhan sounds five times a day, before each obligatory prayer, and each believer repeats the words of the call to prayer.

Dictionary meaning of the word adhan "notify, announce, call" and as an expression, adhan is an announcement to the faithful that the time of prayer, obligatory for all Muslims, has begun. The word muezzin, which has the same root meaning, means - "reading azan", mi"zana "place for reading adhan"(minara).

In the Holy Qur'an the word azan in one place is expressed in the sense "proclamation, notice"(at-Tawbah, 9/3), but as an expression in the form "call, call" passes in two verses (al-Maida, 5/58; al-Jumah, 62/9). The word azan appears in various forms in seven verses of the Koran (al-Baqarah, 2/279; al-Araf, 7/167; al-Hajj, 22/27), and the word muezzin in the meaning " herald calling" passes in two verses (al-Araf, 7/44; al-Yusuf, 12/70). In hadiths, the word azan often appears as an expression of various types (noun, verb).

Despite the fact that namaz became fard for Muslims, the method of notifying the time of namaz was not known until the Hijra of the Prophet Muhammad in Medina. During the Medina period, Muslims gathered together from time to time and monitored the times of prayer. For some time, heralds walked the streets calling " as-salah as-salah"(for prayer, for prayer), but this was not a way out of the situation. The need for some means of notifying the time of prayer was obvious. Various proposals were received - to knock on a beater or a beam (in ancient times, instead of ringing a bell, Christians used a board, which they knocked with a mallet or stick), blow a trumpet, light a fire, raise a banner. But the Prophet Muhammad did not agree with any of the proposals, because... the beat symbolized the Christians, the trumpet ringing of the Jews, the fire of the pagans. At this time, one of the ashabs named Abdullah b. Zaid b. Sa'leb dreamed of the azan. The next morning, Abdullah came to the Prophet and told about his dream. Following this, the Prophet Muhammad ordered the venerable Bilal to read the sentences of the azan in the azan twice, and in the iqama once once. Meanwhile, the venerable Umar also came to the Prophet Muhammad and told him that he also had the same dream, but Abdullah b. Zayd was ahead of him and was the first to tell about his dream (Bukhari, Azan).

Bilal climbed onto the high roof of the house of one of the women from the Sons of Najjar tribe and read the morning adhan (Abu Dawud) for the first time. Thus, the azan was generally recognized in the 1st year of the Hijri (622), and according to one of the legends in the 2nd year of the Hijri (623). Subsequently, a special place for reciting the adhan was built at the back of al-Masjid an-Nabawi.

The adhan, along with the fact that it was not accepted through the sunnah, is confirmed in the Quran with the words: " When you call for prayer, they mock it and consider it entertainment. This is because they are foolish people."(al-Maida, 5/58); " O you who believe!When you are called to pray on Friday, strive to understand Allah and leave trading. It would be better for you, if only you knew."(al-Jumah, 62/9).

Azana consists of the following words:

"Allahu Akbar"
(Allah is Great) - 4 times
"Ash-hadu Allah Ilaha Illalah"
(I testify that there is no god but Allah) - 2 times
"Ash-hadu anna Muhammad Rasul Allah"
(I testify that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah) - 2 times
"Haya 'ala-s-Salah"
(Hurry to prayer, hurry to prayer) - 2 times
"Haya 'ala-l-falah"
(Hurry to salvation, hurry to salvation) - 2 times
"Allahu Akbar"
(Allah is Great) - 2 times
"La ilaha illa-lah"
(There is no god but Allah)

During the morning adhan after two times " "Haya 'ala-l-falah" repeat twice words " (prayer is more blissful than sleep) and it’s called " taswib".

In its meaning and content, the adhan is a call to both prayer and Islam. More precisely, on the one hand, through the adhan, Muslims are called to prayer and, on the other hand, it once again confirms the unshakable truth of the three principles of Islam - the unity of Allah, Muhammad is His messenger, real salvation in a happy akhirat. If we take into account that the times of prayer are established as a result of the position of the globe in relation to the sun and rotation around its axis, then the continuous reading of the azan in all corners of the globe and the ascension of this divine message at any time of the day will become clear. Many hadiths transmitted on behalf of the Prophet Muhammad emphasize the importance of the meaning and recitation of the azan (Bukhari).

Adhan is recited for fard prayers. If a prayer is heard being read in a mosque, then a separate azan is not required for prayers performed at home. Those who are in a place far from reading the adhan or far from populated areas can read the adhan. Adhan is not recited for Juma Namaz (Friday Namaz), Witr Namaz, Eid Namaz (Al-Fitr, Al-Adha), Taraweeh, Namaz of Rain Prayer and all other Namaz that are not Fard. During the time of the Prophet Muhammad, the azan was not read for prayers that are not fard, prayers in the event of a solar eclipse, and the like. Muslims were called upon with words " as-salatu al-jamia"(go to prayer with the community) (Bukhari). Reading the azan in a quiet voice to a newborn in the right ear, and the mandub in the left iqama (if done, it is considered sawab, if not done, it is not considered a sin) (Abu Dawud).

The muezzin must have a strong and sonorous voice, read the azan slowly from a high place so that people have the opportunity to repeat after him, in order for the voice to come out more loudly, put the tip of the index finger to the ear or put the palms to the ears, stand facing the qiblah, "Haya 'ala-s-Salah" turn your face to the right "Haya 'ala-l-falah" to the left, observe the principles and norms of Islam and perform ablution before reading the azan - all this is mustahab (mustahab are actions often performed by the Prophet. Those who perform mustahab will be rewarded (sawab). Those who do not comply will not be considered sinful and will not be held accountable on the Day of Judgment ).

Having heard the adhan, every believer must repeat the words of the adhan after the muezzin. Only with words "Haya 'ala-s-Salah"and "Haya 'ala-l-falah" say instead of these words " La hawla wa la quwwata illa billah"(all changes, all power and actions are possible only with the will of Allah). Hearing a sentence added to the morning adhan "" al-Salatu khayrum min an-nawm" must speak " Sadakta va berirta"(he said the truth and correctly).

After the adhan, the following dua is read below, which the Prophet Muhammad himself read and which will contribute to the patronage of the Prophet of Islam:

"Allahumma Rabba Hazihi" d da "vati" t tamme wa "s salati" l kaima ati Muhammadan

al-vasilata ve"l fazilata wa"b"askhu makaman mahmudeni"llesi vaadtah"

" O Allah, Lord of this perfect call and this ongoing prayer, bring (bestow) Muhammad to al-Wasila and to the highposition and point (lift) towardsa place of praise that Youpromised him, verily, You do not break your promise!(Bukhari, Azan, 81)

Saying the azan before prayer is an optional, but highly desirable (sunnah muakkada) act. It is also advisable for Muslims, some time after the birth of a child, to whisper the adhan into the right ear. The same is done with a person who has been possessed by evil spirits.

• 1. History
• 2 Text
• 3 Reading rules
• 4 Etiquette while listening to the adhan
• 5 Notes
• 6 Literature
• 7 Links

Story

According to legend, the adhan was established by the Prophet Muhammad in 622-623 and initially consisted of pronouncing the phrase as-salat jami'atan (“prayer - together”). The choice of the oral form of call was due to the existence of similar practices in pre-Islamic pagan Arabia. The same method of calling to prayer was used by the “false prophets” Musailima and Sajah.

According to legend, having moved to Mecca, the Prophet Muhammad called his companions to a council in order to choose a suitable call to prayer. Some companions suggested ringing bells, others lighting fires, and others blowing a trumpet. The Prophet rejected these proposals, since these were the customs of Christians, Zoroastrians and Jews. That same night, Abdullah ibn Zeid saw in a dream that a man in a green robe (the angel Jibril) approached him and taught him the words and procedure for performing the call to prayer. In the morning he went to the Prophet Muhammad and told him about this. Then it turned out that many companions saw similar dreams. After listening to them, Muhammad approved of this form of adhan and instructed Abdullah ibn Zeid to teach the words of the adhan to Bilal ibn Rabah, who had a very beautiful voice. Thus, Bilal became the first muezzin in the history of Islam.

In the 1920s and 1930s, Atatürk's government insisted on replacing the traditional adhan in Arabic with a Turkish translation. To prevent Islamic propaganda, the Arabic word “al-falyah” (salvation) was not translated into Turkish. For this reason, instead of the words “Haydi kurtuluşa” (Hurry to salvation), the “Turkish adhan” sounded “Haydı Fellaha”.

The ban on the adhan in Arabic was lifted in Turkey on June 6, 1950, after the opposition won the elections. It is believed that the use of the adhan in Turkish was contrary to the hadith, which states that the Arabic text does not retain its meaning when translated.

Text

The Sunni adhan consists of seven formulas.

Reading rules

While reciting the adhan, the muezzin must turn his face towards Mecca (qibla) and hold his earlobes with his thumbs and forefingers. The adhan should be read by people with a beautiful and sonorous voice. Azan is performed in a chant manner and slowly. Chanting the adhan should not turn into something like music.

After the adhan, a prayer is read, including the blessing of the Prophet Muhammad, his family and companions.

During the morning adhan, Sunnis say the words “As-salatu khairu mina-n-naum” (Prayer is better than sleep!). According to legend, Bilal ibn Rabah woke up the Prophet Muhammad with these words, who liked them so much that he allowed them to be used in the morning azan. Shiites also say the words “Ashhadu anna ‘Aliyan waliullah” and “Hayya ‘al khayra l-‘amal” (Go to a better cause!). At the end of the adhan, Shiites pronounce the words “La ilaha illallah!” twice.

When pronouncing the words “Haya ‘ala s-salah”, the muezzin turns his head to the right, and when pronouncing the words “Haya ‘ala l-falyah” - to the left.

Etiquette while listening to the adhan

A Muslim who has heard the adhan should repeat after the muazzin everything he says, right down to the words: Haya ‘ala s-salah, Haya ‘ala al-falyah. Instead of these words, Muslims need to say: “La hawla wa-la quwwata illa bi-Llah” (Arabic: لا حَـوْلَ وَلا قُـوَّةَ إِلاّ بِالله‎‎ - Strength and might only belong to Allah !). Before the morning prayer, the words “As-salatu hairu mina-n-naum” (Prayer is better than sleep!) are replaced by the formula: “You said what is true and fair!”

After completing the azan, a prayer is said for the Prophet Muhammad: “Allahumma, Rabba hazihi-d-da'wati-t-tammati wa-s-sala-ti-l-kaima-ti, ati Muhammadan al-wasilyata wa-l-fadilyata wa- b'as-hu makaman mahmudan allazi wa'adta-hu, inna-kya la tuhlifu-l-mi'ada!

Notes

1. Azan // Kazakhstan. National Encyclopedia. - Almaty: “Kazakh encyclopedias”, 2004. - T. I. - ISBN 9965-9389-9-7.
2. 1 2 3 4 5 Ali-zade, A. A., 2007
3. 1 2 3 4 5 Islam: ES, 1991
4. Ali-zade, A. A., 2007, Abdullah ibn Zeid
5. Words of remembrance of Allah spoken during adhan // Fortress of a Muslim / Comp. S. al-Qahtani; lane from Arabic A. Nirsha. - 4th. - M.: Umma, 2012. - ISBN 978-5-94824-175-3.
6. Translation: O Allah, Lord of this perfect call and this ongoing prayer, bring Muhammad to al-Wasila and to a high position and guide him to the place of praise that You promised him, verily You do not break a promise!

Literature

• Alizade, A. A. Azan (archive) // Islamic encyclopedic dictionary. - M.: Ansar, 2007.
• Rezvan E. A. Azan // Islam: encyclopedic dictionary / rep. ed. S. M. Prozorov. - M.: Nauka, 1991. - P. 14.

Links

• Answers to questions about adhan / AskImam.Ru
• Azan: a brief history / AskImam.Ru
• Azan times in different parts of the world / Adhan.Ru
• Azan and Iqamat / Umma.Ru
• Azan and Iqamat Al-Shia.Ru

azan in Mecca, azan prayer time, azan kz, azan download, azan words, azan listen, azan text, azan soothing the soul, azan Shakyru, azan Shakyryp at Koyu

1) Azan is a call to prayer. It is sunnah to recite the azan for the fivefold prayer, as well as for Friday prayer.

2) Azan is pronounced only by men. Adhan made by a woman is invalid.

3) When pronouncing the adhan, the muezzin should face the qibla.

4) Adhan should also be given for replenishing (kaza) prayer. If the worshiper performs several kaza-namazs at once, he must pronounce the adhan for the first kaza-namaz, after which he has a choice: either pronounce the adhan for the remaining kaza-namazs, or limit himself to only pronouncing the iqama.

5) It is sunnah to be in a state of ablution while pronouncing the adhan. However, it is permissible to recite the adhan without performing ablution.

6) It is not allowed to pronounce the adhan for prayer before the start of the time for this prayer.

7) If the azan is pronounced before the time of prayer, such azan will not be valid. In this case, the adhan should be repeated.

Azan

اَللهُ أَكْبَرُ

Allahu akbar
Translation: "Allah is Great"
(pronounced 4 times)

أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَّآ إِلٰهَ إلَّا اللهُ

Ashkhadu alla ilaha illallah
Translation: “I bear witness: no one is worthy of worship except Allah.”
(pronounced twice)

أَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَّسُولُ اللهِ

Ashkhadu anna Muhammadar-rasulullah
Translation: “I bear witness: Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah.”
(pronounced twice)

حَيَّ عَلَى الصَّلٰوةِ

Haya ‘alas-salaah
Translation: “Hurry to prayer!”
(pronounced twice)

حَيَّ عَلَى الفَلَاحِ

Haya 'alal-falah
Translation: “Hurry to salvation!”
(pronounced twice)

اَللهُ أَكْبَرُ

Allahu akbar
Translation: "Allah is Great"
(pronounced twice)

لَآ إِلٰهَ إلَّا اللهُ

La ilaha illallah
Translation: “There is no god but Allah”

The muezzin should cleanse himself from both types of impurity: both small and large. He should climb to an elevated or high place outside the boundaries of the mosque and face the qibla.

(Please note: Adhan should not be given inside the mosque)

Facing the qibla, the muezzin places the index fingers of both hands into the ear holes. Next, he pronounces the adhan in a loud voice (without shouting).

While pronouncing the words “hayya ‘alas-salah”, the muezzin turns his face to the right so that his chest and legs are still facing the qibla.

When pronouncing the words “haya ‘alal-falah,” he turns his face to the left in a similar way.

During the azan pronounced for Fajr prayer, after the words “haya ‘alal-falyah,” the following phrase must be said twice:

الصَّلٰوةُ خَيْرٌ مِّنَ النَّوْمِ

As-salatu khayrum-minan-naum
Translation: “Namaz is better than sleep”

After saying “Allahu Akbar” twice, the muezzin must pause long enough for those hearing the adhan to respond (we will discuss how to respond later).

In addition to this pause, after “Allahu Akbar” the muezzin should pause once after each phrase so that those who hear the adhan have time to respond.

Iqamat

Iqamat is similar to adhan, but differs from it in the following ways:

1) Iqamat is pronounced inside the mosque, while adhan is pronounced outside it.

3) During Iqamah, the fingers are not placed in the ears, as is the case with the adhan.

4) Iqamat is pronounced quickly, while adhan is pronounced slowly.

5) The phrase “As-salatu khairum-minan-naum” is not pronounced during Iqama.

6) During the iqama for the fivefold prayer after “haya ‘alal-falah” the phrase is pronounced twice:

قَدْ قَامَتِ الصَّلٰوةُ

Komatis salah code
Translation: “Namaz has begun”

7) During Iqama, the face is not turned to the right and left as in adhan.

8) Iqamat is pronounced when the congregational (jamaat) prayer is about to begin.

Rules of adhan and iqamat

1) For a traveler (musafir), saying the azan when he performs his prayer is mustahab (preferable).

2) The adhan and iqama in the mosque are sufficient for all the people of the area. Therefore, if the adhan and iqamat have already been pronounced in the mosque, pronouncing the adhan and iqamat at home will be mustahabb.

3) It is makruh (blameable and forbidden) to pronounce the azan and iqama in a mosque, where congregational prayer is performed daily with the azan and iqama. However, in a mosque where there is no fixed order of imam and muezzin, the azan and iqama are read by each group or person performing namaz in that mosque.

5) Adhan and Iqama are read only for prayers of the “Fard Ayn” category (five times and Friday prayers).

For those who hear the adhan, it is mustahabb to respond to it, that is, they should quietly repeat the phrases pronounced by the muezzin. They answer during the pauses made by the muezzin after each phrase. However, after the phrases “haya ‘alas-salyah” and “haya ‘alal-falyah” you should say:

لَا حَوْلَ وَلَا قُوَّةَ إِلَّا بِاللهِ

La hawla wa la quwwata illya billah
Translation: “There is no power or strength except through Allah”

During Fajr Azan, after the phrase “as-salatu khairum-minan-naum,” the listeners should say:

صَدَقْتَ وَبَرَرْتَ

Sadakta wa bararta

At the end of the adhan, listeners say salawat and the following prayer:

اللّٰهُمَّ رَبَّ هٰذِهِ الدَّعْوَةِ التَّآمَّةِ، وَالصَّلٰوةِ الْقَآئِمَةِ، اٰتِ مُحَمَّدًا الْوَسِيلَةَ وَالْفَضِيلَةَ وَالدَّرَجَةَ الرَّفِيعَةَ، وَابْعَثْهُ مَقَامًا مَّحْمُودًا الَّذِي وَعَدْتَّهُ، وَارْزُقْنَا شَفَاعَتَهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيٰمَةِ، إِنَّكَ لَا تُخْلِفُ الْمِيعَادَ

Allahumma Rabba hazihid-da'vatit-tammati, you-salatil ka-imati, ati Muhammadanil-vasilyata wal-fadylyata wad-darajatar-rafi'ata, wab'ashu makamam-mahmudanillyazi wa 'attahu, warzukna sha fa'atahu yaumal-kyyamati, innakya la tuhliful-mi'ad.

Translation: “O Allah, Lord of this perfect call and beginning prayer! Bless Muhammad with utmost closeness to You, grant him perfection and elevate him to the high position You promised! And grant us his intercession on the Day of Judgment. Verily, You do not break your promise.”

7) Replying to the iqama is also mustahab. The answers to the iqamat are the same as to the azan, and after the phrase “komatis salah” the following must be said:

أَقَامَهَا اللهُ وَأَدَامَهَا

Akomahallahu wa adamaha
Translation: “May Allah establish prayer and make it constant!”

8) There is no need to answer the adhan during the following actions:

A. performing namaz;

b. listening to the khutbah (Friday, wedding, etc.);

V. during menstruation and postpartum bleeding;

g. during meals;

d. during intimacy.

9) The second azan for Friday prayer should be given inside the mosque in front of the minbar.

10) The adhan by the muezzin must be performed while standing. If the adhan was given while sitting, it should be repeated. But if the adhan was said while sitting for one’s own prayer (not for a congregational prayer), there is no need to repeat it, although the adhan should not be read while sitting unnecessarily.

11) It is mustahabb to close the ear openings with your fingers while performing the adhan.

12) To pronounce the adhan while in a state of great impurity is strictly condemned (makrooh-tahrim). Repeating such azan is mustahab.

13) To pronounce iqamat while in a state of major or minor impurity is makrooh-tahrim. But, unlike the adhan, repeating the iqama is not mustahabb.

14) Sunnah is to pronounce the phrases of adhan and iqama in sequence. If a mistake is made in the order of the phrases of the adhan or iqama, such a mistake should be corrected by repeating in the correct order the phrase spoken in the wrong place.

15) If, during the performance of the adhan, the muezzin for some reason cannot complete it (for example, due to illness), repeating the entire adhan again will be sunnah-muakkadah.

16) If the minor ablution of a person pronouncing the adhan or iqamat is broken, it will be better to complete the adhan or iqamat, and after that perform ablution.

17) Pronouncing Iqama is the right of the one who pronounced the adhan. But he can consent to the pronouncement of iqama by another person.

18) The muezzin should finish the iqama in the same place where he began it. He should not move from place to place while pronouncing the iqama.

19) If, after pronouncing the Iqamah, the Imam performs the Sunnahs of Fajr, then the time it takes to perform them will not be considered significant. Therefore, there is no need to repeat the Iqamah.