Do humans have purple eyes? Purple eye color. Rare eye diseases

The human eye is beautiful and unique. Like finger patterns, it is specific to each person, and the gaze allows you to convey the widest range of emotions. People of European descent show the greatest diversity in eye color among the world's population. However, research shows that in ancient times all people had brown eyes, and other unusual shades appeared as a result of mutations. Based on this logic, all tones other than brown can be called the strangest and most unusual. Today, in most cases, the color ranges from the darkest shades of brown to the lightest blue, but more unusual variations are also found.

Top 10 Most Unusual Eye Colors in People Around the World

The color of a person's eye is determined by two factors - the pigmentation of the iris and the way it scatters the light passing through it. Genes determine how much melanin is present. The more melanin, the darker the color.

A boy with unusual blue eyes

However, everyone knows that for some people, the tone of their eyes tends to change depending on the lighting. The reason is the double layer of the iris. The color depends on which layer reflects the light. Approximately 79% of the world's population has brown eyes, making them the most common eye color on the planet. After brown, 8-10% of the world's people have blue eyes, 5% have amber or hazel eyes, and 2% of the world's people have green eyes. Rare tones include grey, red, purple, black.

1. Black is the rarest.
2. Red or pink is a disease of albinos.
3. Purple is an illusion in certain lighting.
4. Green is rare and beautiful.
5. Amber - mysterious golden, honey and cat eyes.
6. Walnut is one of the rarest soft colors.
7. Heterochromia - eyes of different colors.
8. Blue and cyan are the most attractive to humans.
9. Gray - the shine of cold steel.
10. Brown is the most common color in humans throughout the world.

Black is the strangest and most frightening

Have you ever seen someone with eyes that appear black as night? In fact, this is just an illusion and a trick of the eye, since the black iris does not exist in nature.

The eyes appear black, strange and frightening only from afar

Although these eyes look strange and black, they are actually dark brown, which is caused by an abundance of melanin. However, the presence of a pupil against the background of the iris can only be determined in bright daylight. Such strong pigmentation is extremely rare, so black eyes can be called the most unusual, strange and frightening in the world.

Red or pink is a sign of illness

A person with severe forms of albinism often has red or pink eyes. This is caused by extremely low levels of melanin, which allows the blood vessels to show through. These are some of the most unusual and strange eyes in the world, as they are extremely rare.

Because a person with albinism lacks pigment in the iris, light reflects off the back of the organ. The resulting strange coloration is due to the reflection of the network of blood vessels in the back of the retina. The iris can appear purple when this red tone is combined with the bluish color of the iris caused by a lack of melanin and the aforementioned light scattering effects.

In fact, the reason why eyes appear red is the same reason why red eyes appear in photographs, which is caused by light reflecting off the back of the eye and passing through the iris. In normal eyes and lighting conditions, light cannot escape the eye in this manner.

Purple - strange optical effect

Speaking about real purple, which is practically not found in nature, it is worth remembering again about albinism, which is the cause of its occurrence. However, often due to optical effects - lighting, skin tone or the desired tone of makeup, ordinary blue eyes begin to appear violet. The most famous example of this unusual effect is Elizabeth Taylor's eyes, which appear lavender in certain lighting. She does however have a set of double eyelashes: a rare genetic mutation.

Amber - an unusual effect of the sun in human eyes

Natural amber eyes are very rare to find - they are almost as rare as green ones. During their entire lives, most people do not meet other representatives of their species with such an unusual appearance. According to official statistics, only about 5% of people can boast of amber-colored eyes. Amber occurs due to the presence of a yellow pigment called lipochrome. This causes people's irises to exhibit unusual reddish-copper and yellowish-gold hues that can sometimes be confused with hazel.

Amber eyes are often called wolf eyes due to the distinct golden and dirty yellowish tone with a coppery tint, similar to that seen in the gaze of wolves. In addition to wolves, amber eye color can also be found in other representatives of the fauna: dogs, domestic cats, owls, eagles, pigeons and fish.

You can see photos of celebrities with this color:

• Nicole Richie
• Nicky Reed
• Evangeline Lilly
• Darren Criss
• Rochelle Aytes
• Joey Kern

Walnut - unusual and deep

About 5% have hazel eyes, caused by a combination of melanin and light scattering. They seem to be some of the strangest in the world as they sometimes change colors to green, brown and blue. In some cases, light is refracted in a special way, resulting in a multi-colored lining of the iris, where the predominant color depends on the wavelength of light entering the eye.

Green - rare and layered

Only about 2% of people see the world with green eyes. Even if this number is accurate, 2% of 7.3 billion people is 146 million. This is approximately the population of Russia. The green color is due to low levels of melanin, the presence of a yellowish lipochrome pigment, and a blue tone caused by the scattering of reflected light. When all these factors come together, the color green is the color most common in Central, Western and Northern Europe.
You can see photos of celebrities with green eyes:

• Adele
• Emma Stone
• Amanda Seyfried
• Clive Owen
• Kate Middleton
• Gael Garcia Bernal

Heterochromia - strange and unusual games of nature

Heterochromia - strange and completely unusual-looking eyes. This occurs in cases where a person has two different eye colors at the same time. Complete heterochromia means that the iris of each eye has a different color. Sectoral heterochromia occurs when one eye reflects two different tones at once. Despite its rarity, heterochromia is present, for example, in David Bowie and Kate Bosworth.

Blue and light blue - rare and extremely attractive

Approximately 8-10% of the world's people have blue eyes. There is no blue pigmentation in the shell, so the blue color is a consequence of the low level of melanin secreted in the upper layer of the iris. However, research conducted by the University of Copenhagen in 2008 showed unusual results. A genetic failure that occurred about 10,000 years ago led to the appearance of blue eyes. Europe has the highest volume of blue-eyed people globally, while Finland tops the list of countries with the highest percentage of blue-eyed people at 89%.

Gray - rare, but not considered strange or unusual

Gray eyes are sometimes confused with blue eyes. Both colors are caused by low levels of melanin in the anterior layer of the iris. The appearance of gray occurs due to light scattering from the darker epithelium. Upon closer inspection, the gray color sometimes includes small flecks of yellow or brown. Gray eyes are most common in Northern and Eastern Europe.

Brown is the most common eye color in the world

Approximately 79% of people in the world have brown eyes, making them the most common color in humans. The chestnut color is determined by its pigmentation and can be found in a wide range of different shades of dark, medium, and light. A dark brown iris is the result of an extremely high melanin content. The largest distribution zones are:

• East Asia;
• Southeast Asia;
• Africa.

Iris of light, reddish-brown shades is the effect of low levels of melanin. The soft brown eye look is most common in Europe, Western Asia and America. Eye pigmentation is passed on from parents to offspring genetically. However, parents with brown eyes do not necessarily have children with the same shade, as a combination of the parents' genes may result in a different color.

People have the strangest eyes in the world

Going beyond color, it is worth paying attention to the shape and size of the eyes: here it is impossible to present a classification, since each person and case is individual and is a strange deviation from the norm. For example, the largest eyes in the world belong to Maria Telnaya, a model of Ukrainian origin living in Paris. The classic European eye shape is combined with an unusually huge size: Maria resembles an alien, and photo and catwalk designers are trying to emphasize this effect in every possible way.

There are a number of diseases that can change the appearance of the eyes and make them unusually strange:

• Microphthalmia is a condition in which one or both eyeballs are abnormally small.
• Anophthalmia - the patient is born with the absence of one or both eyes. These rare disorders develop during pregnancy.
• Polycoria. The pupil is a round hole that gets larger as the light fades and smaller as the light gets brighter. It's rare, but some people have more than one pupil in one eye. It is not clear what causes polycoria, but there may be a connection with diseases such as glaucoma and cataracts. Not everyone needs treatment, but if necessary, surgery can restore vision weakened by the disease.
• Cat's eye syndrome, or Schmid-Fraccaro syndrome, is a rare disorder of chromosome 22. The term "cat's eye" was coined due to the peculiar appearance of vertical colobomas in the eyes of some patients. However, more than half of those suffering from this disease do not have this trait. No matter how mysterious the description of a cat's eye on a person may sound, it doesn't look so good in the photo.

Strange and unusual eyes attract attention and captivate from the first moment. However, it is worth remembering that such “oddities” can be quite common in some situations. As mentioned earlier, hair and eyes of dark, predominantly chestnut colors predominate in the vast majority of areas of the planet. However, there are several countries where, in fact, light green or blue eyes appear in newborns more often than brown ones. For example, this situation is typical for Great Britain: in Ireland and Scotland, 86% of residents have green or blue eyes. In Iceland, this is typical for 89% of beautiful ladies and 87% of men. If we consider the European race globally, green eyes in most cases appear in a person of Celtic-Germanic origin.

Video

According to scientists, purple eye color cannot exist in nature. The lilac hue is acquired through the use of lenses, surgical operations to change the color of the iris, and the use of medications that have a brightening effect. There are widespread myths around the world about people with natural violet colors, but there is no scientific evidence of the phenomenon or reliable facts.

Causes of lilac color

The rare coloration of some people is explained by video editing techniques and incorrect designation of the color scheme, which is close to blue.

98% of people with violet eyes use ophthalmological agents to visually change the picture. The violet color cannot exist without artificial modifications. In photographs, “real” shades are achieved by applying filters and Photoshop tools. There are unfounded legends about a genetic defect called Alexandria syndrome, which is often associated with indigo children. In esotericism, it is believed that people with real lilac irises have developed extrasensory abilities, therefore violet eyes cause an increased resonance in society.

Also, the legend about people with naturally lilac eyes originated in India in the territory of Kashmir. The rare shades of the iris are explained by special climatic conditions and rarefied air. However, research shows that the predominant eye color in this region of India is brown, with natural blue and gray colors being rare.

There is also a theory that the distinctive purple color may be formed due to a gene mutation caused by mixing the scarlet eyes of an albino and the blue shades of a partner. However, from a medical point of view, this is impossible, since with albinism the visual organs are completely devoid of pigments. When inherited, the red tint of the parent's iris will not affect the formation of the child's eye color.

Mechanisms of eye color formation

The color of the natural iris depends on the concentration of pigments, varying based on genotype, and the blood vessels in the eye. Mixing the two shades of the father and mother can give the child an unusual color. When mixing inherited sky and green shades, there is a chance to form a turquoise color. However, at this time, no information has been received on how to obtain natural purple eyes through crossing.

Often photographers retouch the visual organs, giving the iris poisonous and unusual colors. Lilac ones are one of the most popular.

Effective ways to change color include:

• wearing colored lenses;
• surgical installation of an implant;
• laser clarification.

Others are green. But have you ever seen someone with naturally purple eyes? Most likely no. Although this eye color does exist. The reasons for its appearance include two components: one of them is associated with myth, the other with reality.

The possibility of having purple eyes is associated with a disorder called

"The Origin of Alexandria". Although the presence of such a disease is unknown today, it is quite possible that it existed in the past. According to legend, several centuries ago in a small Egyptian village there was a mysterious flash of light in the sky, to which all the inhabitants were exposed. After this, they began to have children with purple eyes. The first such child was a girl named Alexandria, born in England in 1329. Her eyes were gray or blue at birth and then turned purple within six months. Subsequently, the inheritance of eye color was passed on to her four daughters. However, they were healthy and lived to be a hundred years old. As you know, people with violet eyes have perfect vision. Although it may be a natural condition and not the result of a genetic defect or mutation.

The eye can be explained from a medical point of view. It's connected with

Albinism is a genetic disorder caused by an altered gene that prevents the development of melanin. This condition results in a lack of pigmentation in the skin, hair and eyes. Along with these symptoms, a person with albinism may have purple eyes. Essentially, the lack of melanin gives rise to red eyes, as all the blood vessels become visible through the iris. Sometimes blue collagen is reflected more strongly in the eyes. However, in very rare cases, red and blue hues can combine to form the color purple. But there is another explanation. Albino people suffer from hypersensitivity to sunlight. allows light to enter the eye, and this is what may contribute to the appearance of the purple color.

Speaking about such a genetic mutation, one cannot fail to mention the famous actress Elizabeth Taylor. Her violet eyes and dark hair captivated millions of people around the world and brought her immense popularity. Although there is currently a lot of debate about whether Taylor's eyes were naturally purple. The naturalness of the color is supported by the fact that contact lenses did not yet exist at that time. Production of the lenses began in 1983, and Elizabeth Taylor, with purple eyes, appeared on screen as Cleopatra as early as 1963. Many, however, believe that her eyes were not violet, but grey-blue. After all, as you know, purple is one of the intermediate shades between blue and gray.

So, the basis for the presence of violet eyes is a genetic defect. The conditions of its origin are associated both with a legend, which, unfortunately, cannot be verified, and with albinism, which most of us have a clear idea of. Be that as it may, the possibility of having natural violet eyes is not excluded, although this is a very rare condition.

Eye color is of great importance in a girl's life, even if we don't think about it. Very often, clothes and accessories are chosen directly to match the color of the eyes, not to mention the fact that thanks to existing stereotypes, we, to some extent, form our initial opinion about a person taking into account the color of his eyes.

Therefore, when special lenses appeared that changed eye color, many girls rushed to purchase them in order to create images with different eye colors. And besides lenses, Photoshop helps us, with its help you can achieve any color, but unfortunately this is displayed only on the monitor screen and photographs.

What determines the real color of a person's eyes? Why do some people have blue eyes, others green, and some even boast purple ones?

The color of a person’s eyes, or rather the color of the iris, depends on two factors:

1. Density of iris fibers.
2. Distribution of melanin pigment in the layers of the iris.

Melanin is a pigment that determines the color of human skin and hair. The more melanin, the darker the skin and hair. In the iris of the eye, melanin ranges from yellow to brown and black. In this case, the back layer of the iris is always black, with the exception of albinos.

Yellow, brown, black, where then do the blue and green eyes come from? Let's look into this phenomenon...

Blue eyes
The blue color is due to the low fiber density of the outer layer of the iris and the low melanin content. In this case, low-frequency light is absorbed by the back layer, and high-frequency light is reflected from it, so the eyes turn out blue. The lower the density of the fibers of the outer layer, the richer the blue color of the eyes.

Blue eyes
Blue color occurs when the fibers of the outer layer of the iris are denser than in the case of blue eyes and have a whitish or grayish color. The higher the fiber density, the lighter the color.

Blue and blue eyes are most common among the population of northern Europe. For example, in Estonia up to 99% of the population had this eye color, and in Germany 75%. Only given modern realities, this situation will not last long, because more and more people from Asian and African countries are trying to move to Europe.

Blue eye color in babies
There is an opinion that all children are born blue-eyed, and then the color changes. This is a wrong opinion. In fact, many babies are actually born light-eyed, and subsequently, as melanin is actively produced, their eyes become darker and the final eye color is established by two to three years.

Grey colour it turns out similar to blue, only in this case the density of the fibers of the outer layer is even higher and their shade is closer to gray. If the fiber density is not so high, then the eye color will be gray-blue. In addition, the presence of melanin or other substances gives a small yellow or brownish impurity.

Green eyes
This eye color is most often attributed to witches and sorceresses, and therefore green-eyed girls are sometimes treated with suspicion. Only green eyes were obtained not due to witchcraft, but due to a small amount of melanin.

In green-eyed girls, yellow or light brown pigment is distributed in the outer layer of the iris. And as a result of scattering by blue or cyan, green is obtained. The color of the iris is usually uneven; there are a large number of different shades of green.

Pure green eye color is extremely rare; no more than two percent of people can boast of green eyes. They can be found in people in Northern and Central Europe, and sometimes in Southern Europe. Women have green eyes much more often than men, which played a certain role in attributing this eye color to witches.

Amber
Amber eyes have a monotonous light brown color, sometimes with a yellowish-green or reddish tint. Their color can also be close to marsh or golden, which is due to the presence of lipofuscin pigment.

Swamp eye color (aka hazel or beer) is a mixed color. Depending on the lighting, it may appear golden, brown-green, brown, light brown with a yellow-green tint. In the outer layer of the iris, the melanin content is quite moderate, so the marsh color is the result of a combination of brown and blue or light blue. Yellow pigments may also be present. Unlike amber eye color, in this case the color is not monotonous, but rather heterogeneous.

Brown eyes
Brown eye color results from the fact that the outer layer of the iris contains a lot of melanin, so it absorbs both high-frequency and low-frequency light, and the reflected light adds up to brown. The more melanin, the darker and richer the eye color.

Brown eye color is the most common in the world. But in our life, this - which is a lot - is valued less, so brown-eyed girls sometimes envy those to whom nature has given green or blue eyes. Just don’t rush to be offended by nature, brown eyes are one of the most adapted to the sun!

Black eyes
Black eye color is essentially dark brown, but the concentration of melanin in the iris is so high that the light falling on it is almost completely absorbed.

Red eyes
Yes, there are such eyes, and not only in the movies, but also in reality! Red or pinkish eye color is found only in albinos. This color is associated with the absence of melanin in the iris, so the color is formed based on the blood circulating in the vessels of the iris. In some rare cases, the red color of the blood mixes with the blue to produce a slight purple tint.

Purple eyes!
The most unusual and rare eye color is deep purple. This is extremely rare, perhaps only a few people on earth have a similar eye color, so this phenomenon has been little studied, and there are different versions and myths about this that go back centuries. But most likely, violet eyes do not give their owner any superpowers.

This phenomenon is called heterochromia, which translated from Greek means “different color”. The reason for this feature is the different amount of melanin in the irises of the eye. There is complete heterochromia - when one eye is one color, the other - another, and partial - when parts of the iris of one eye are different colors.

Can eye color change throughout life?
Within one color group, color can change depending on lighting, clothing, makeup, even mood. In general, with age, most people's eyes lighten, losing their original bright color.

A woman's adornment is her eyes. And if they are also of a unique, rare color, such a lady will hardly be forgotten. This article will talk about the amazing shade of the eyes - purple!

Origin and genetic mutations of eye color

It is believed that initially all the inhabitants of the earth had the same eye color for everyone - presumably brown, but definitely a dark shade. They connect this with the prevailing dark skin of people living in warm, sunny places in those distant times.

How did all the other colors come about? The answer is simple - genetic mutations. Changing living conditions, natural disasters, settlement of northern lands, periods of mass migration, interracial marriages - these are the main reasons for such modifications.

Interesting! Danish geneticists led by Professor Hans Eyberg claim that the ancestor of all modern blue-eyed men and women was one person who lived approximately 10,000 years ago. Over 99.5% of those who had their DNA analyzed had the same genetic mutation that changed the processes of melanin production. People with dark eye color also have one “forefather,” but he lived much earlier!

The production of melanin, which determines not only the color of the eyes, but hair and skin, is the responsibility of the OCA2 gene. It is this that determines the color of a person’s eyes.

There are times when a gene stops working altogether and turns off. The skin, hair and eyes of such people with albinism are light. Sometimes blood vessels can give a red eye effect.

Iris pigmentation and eye color

It is influenced by two main factors:

On a note! Newly born babies have a very small amount of pigment, which is why the vast majority of babies have light blue eyes. It mostly darkens with age. For older people, the opposite happens. “Fading” of the eyes occurs: the number of melanocytes decreases, and the iris brightens.

What is the iris of the eye?

The iris is a diaphragm that separates the cornea and lens. In fact, the structure of the iris is very complex.

Mesenteries, pupillary margin, lacunae or crypts, concentric limbus, stroma - there are many specific terms related to the iris.

There are three shell layers with their own functions:

1. Upper border
2. Stromal
3. Posterior pigment-muscular

You can see dots, circles and some spots on the iris with the naked eye. Using these formations, scientists learned to diagnose other diseases of the body and called this discipline iridology (from the Latin iris - iris).

It will be educational! The science of iridology goes back thousands of years. The founder of medicine himself, Hippocrates, paid attention to the condition of the iris and determined the patient’s illness from it. A yellowish eye color may indicate that a person has jaundice, red circles around the iris (“cherry pit”) indicate Wilson-Konovalov disease, and black spots on the iris may indicate the presence of tumors.

There are two muscles of the iris - the sphincter, responsible for the contraction of the pupil, and the dilator, responsible for its expansion.

Interesting! The pupil width can vary from 1.5 mm to 10 mm. No human organ is capable of this anymore!

The outer edge of the shell is always darker. This is explained by the fact that the concentration of melanin here is higher than inside. The contracting iris regulates light in the eye cavity

The iris itself is not smooth; it is distinguished by a relief pattern that is unique in each individual case.

Note! The iris of the eyes, like fingerprints, can determine a person’s identity. Private companies and some government agencies are implementing checkpoints with such access control. Fingerprints alone have 40 unique characteristics, and the iris has 256!

It is believed that the iris can tell about an individual's past and future illnesses. It is believed that it carries information four generations into the future.

Basic eye colors

Ophthalmologists count 8 regular colors, which have many shades. As noted above, the color will depend on how much melanin is in the iris. Let's look at these colors.

Brown

The most common shade on all continents.

It differs from other shades in that there is a lot of melanin in the iris.

People with brown eyes are found on all continents - both in hot countries, where there is a lot of bright sun, and in the far north, where there is just as much blinding white snow.

It is dark brown eyes that are the most “useful”, they are able to protect a person from a large amount of light.

You definitely didn't know about this! Brown eyes are actually blue. It's all about the brown pigment, which gives the iris a brown tint. There is an operation to turn brown eyes blue using a laser.

Blue

It is interesting to note that there is simply no blue pigment in the iris.

Signals lower density of stromal fibers and low melanin content.

As a result, the output resulting from the refraction of light produces a beautiful blue tint.

Blue

This eye color is obtained if the density of the iris fibers is higher than in the case of a pronounced blue color.

The stromal fibers themselves have a bluish tint, as a result, light is reflected from them, and the eyes turn out blue.

Blue color is widespread among Europeans (today up to 99% of native Estonians have blue eyes, the same could be said about 92% of the inhabitants of Denmark in the 70s of the last century) and residents of the Middle East.

Blue eyes attract us with their allure and beauty. Charm and mystery are the characteristics we associate with such people.

There is a direction in psychology that deals with the relationship between eye color and a person’s character. Blue-eyed people are credited with prudence, leadership, and a practical attitude to life. Whether this is actually true or not is difficult to prove. A person’s life, its circumstances, genetics - each person is individual, as well as character traits.

Green

It occurs more often in females than in males.

Green light is produced by mixing blue light from the stroma and a brownish pigment called lipofuscin found in the outer layer of the iris.

It is almost impossible to find bright green eyes; mostly they will be light green shades.

Only about 2% of people living on our planet are lucky to have green eyes. These lucky ones live on the European continent.

That's for sure! Green eyes are often found on red-haired girls. This combination of hair and eye color is considered natural.

Grey

This shade depends on the same density of fibrous stroma in the iris. The higher it is, the further from blue and closer to gray the color will be. This is the most common shade among residents of Eastern Europe, including Russia.

Amber

It is difficult to meet people with such eyes on the street or in a cafe. These eyes are light brown in color, sometimes with a copper or golden tint.

Bolotny

The result is several shades. Thanks to the corresponding analogies, this color is also called nut or beer.

Combinations of gray, blue and blue give such an unusual shade. The iris of swamp eyes is usually heterogeneous and has many pigment spots.

Black

There is so much melanin in the iris of such eyes that the incoming light is almost completely absorbed. This color is widespread among the Asian population. Children born in the countries of this region are mostly black-haired and black-eyed.

Important! The more melanin in our organs, the better protected we are from harmful ultraviolet rays. This is why the vast majority of Africans have black skin and eyes.

Black eyes attract us with their depth and mystery. Entire works of art are dedicated to such eyes - songs, poems, paintings.

Purple eye color - myth or reality?

A rarity of amazing beauty – “violet-colored eyes”.

Very rarely do people have this amazing natural iris color.

There is not much less melanin in it than in blue, but the result is a fascinating shade.

There are several theories, scientifically plausible and less credible, based more on legends from the past than on scientific evidence. Let's take a closer look at them.

Origin of Alexandria

Adherents of this semi-mystical theory believe that in one small village on the banks of the Nile there was a flash of light in the sky. The reason is not given.

As a result, the inhabitants of this settlement began to produce descendants with violet eyes and pale skin.

A girl named Alexandra became the first such child. It is said that her eyes were light gray at birth, but over the next 6 months they turned purple. In the future, she had four daughters with the same eyes, who lived to be 100 years old.

Today it is not possible to confirm this explanation of the mutation with medical facts. This explanation of the phenomenon of violet eyes can only be taken on faith or rejected as a fable. In any case, the owners of violet eyes are given an image of mystery, a kind of mysticism.

Marchesani syndrome

This is the scientific version of the origin. If she is to be believed, purple eye color may be a mutation due to a rare disease called Marchesani Syndrome.

Patients are characterized by three signs:

• small stature,
• subluxation of the lens,
• brachydactyly or underdeveloped limbs.

However, among the direct symptoms of this syndrome, the effect of violet eyes is not mentioned in any publication.

Marchesani syndrome is named after the German ophthalmologist who identified it as an independent disease in 1939. This is a syndrome of microspherophakia-brachymorphia, with congenital hyperplastic mesodermal dysmorphodystrophy. Patients experience glaucoma, brachycephaly, and shortening of the neck and trunk with age.

Albinism

Albinism is a rare genetic autoimmune disease characterized by a complete absence of melanin.

Because all the blood vessels can be seen through the iris, the eye color of people with this disease appears red.

There have been recorded cases where blue collagen in the eyes of such people is reflected a little more strongly than is usually the case. Hence the purple eyes.

The health of people with albinism is constantly at risk. These people cannot tolerate a lot of sunlight and tanning is contraindicated for them.

Eye color disorders

There are rare eye color diseases that are worth mentioning separately.

Aniridia

This is a genetic disease that means the absence of the iris in principle or a small part of it.

The prevalence rate is 1 in 700,000. The disease is mainly transmitted hereditarily, but sometimes mechanical eye injuries can be the cause of aniridia.

People with this disease are offered surgery to implant an artificial iris.

Heterochromia

In simple words - this is . The causes can be both congenital pathologies and acquired ones - diseases, syndromes or injuries. Does not affect the quality of vision in any way.

There are three types of this disease:

Heterochromia can also appear on the scalp, when some of the hair on the head takes on a different color.

Rare eye diseases

- a gift! This is if you don’t resort to tinted lenses! But there are times when eyes of rare beauty become cloudy, darken, circles appear on the iris, in a word, the eyes become dull.

The reason for this may not only be old age. There are diseases in ophthalmology that can lead to the unpleasant consequences listed above. Let's look at some of them.

This is a chronic degenerative process that leads to cataracts, or clouding of the lens.

Named in honor of its discoverers - Swedish ophthalmologist Dalen and Austrian specialist Fuchs.

The iris becomes cloudy and pale. The base color gradually becomes barely visible.

The posterior pigment layer may become visible, and nodules may appear on the iris.

There are many more symptoms. Usually one eye is affected. The disease may be confused with heterochromia and considered hereditary. Therefore, it is diagnosed by chance. It is still treatable.

The reasons may be different - seasonal inflammation of the structure of the eye shell, allergies, impaired vascular permeability.

Not observed in the syndrome. Sensitivity to light becomes more acute, circles may appear in front of you, a feeling of heaviness and sometimes pain in the eyes.

Corticosteroids and antihistamines are prescribed.

Symptoms include the following:

• Miosis - the pupil narrows;
• Ptosis – drooping of the upper eyelid or raising of the lower eyelid;
• Sunken eyeball;
• Poor pupil reaction to light;

The causes of the syndrome can be different, ranging from a malignant tumor, thyroid carcinoma, multiple sclerosis, and even inaccurate medical intervention. In children, the disease leads to heterochromia in one eye.

Genetics and eye color

Do the following questions concern you:

• What eye color will my children have?
• How can I convey my unique eye color to my future child?
• Why does a child's eye color differ from his parents'?

There is only one answer to these questions. Not one, but six genes are responsible for transmitting eye color from parents to children. Therefore, children may have a completely different eye color than their dad or mom.

Tattoo on eyes

Tattoos on the eyeball are another fashionable trend of our time.

Although this procedure is considered painful and not always safe, there are brave souls who are ready to make such sacrifices for the sake of a unique image.

Some choose tattooing on the eyeball, and in this case there are a lot of tattoo options, it all depends on the client’s imagination.

Others choose to fill the whites of their eyes with colors ranging from sky blue to girly pink.

Conclusion

Beautiful eyes always attract attention, and rare eyes fascinate and remain in the memory for a long time.

Violet or violet eyes are not a myth or fiction. People with this eye color really live among us. There are very few of them, but still they exist.

Take care of your eyes! Through them we understand our world at least 90%!