Pharyngitis, treatment in a child

Pharyngitis- inflammation of the pharynx, or rather, its back wall, is rarely an independent disease, but is, as a rule, a symptom of respiratory infections. Chronic pharyngitis is associated with stomach diseases and is often the result of reflux of gastric contents, especially at night. This disease responds well to traditional treatment; recipes based on traditional medicine can relieve soreness, pain when coughing, and symptoms.

In children under 2 years of age, pharyngitis is more severe. The disease is often combined with inflammation of the mucous membrane of the nasopharynx and acute catarrhal rhinitis.

And now a little about the symptoms themselves and folk treatment of pharyngitis. In acute pharyngitis, symptoms include a sore throat (especially when swallowing), a dry cough, and discharge of mucus or pus. Acute pharyngitis often develops after hypothermia, ingestion of cold or too hot food, or inhalation of irritating gases and dust. Patients complain of sore throat and sore throat, dry and sometimes painful cough. Symptoms of chronic pharyngitis are less pronounced. Patients complain of a dry or sore throat and a dry, painful cough. With exacerbation, the symptoms of chronic pharyngitis resemble those of acute pharyngitis.

Symptoms of pharyngitis

Symptoms and treatment of acute pharyngitis in a child. Pharyngitis is a fairly common disease and occurs in a variety of forms. According to localization, it can be superficial - the mucous membrane of the pharynx suffers - this is a catarrhal form. Damage to the lymphadenoid elements located in a deeper layer, under the mucous membrane, is another form called granulosa pharyngitis.

Pharyngitis can be limited, for example, to the area of ​​the lateral ridges and more widespread throughout the posterior wall of the pharynx. The nature of inflammation can be acute, subacute and chronic. Pharyngitis can be an independent disease (with viral lesions), but much more often in children it develops secondarily, that is, it is a consequence of another underlying disease. Typically, such pharyngitis is a symptom of acute or subacute adenoiditis, tonsillitis, or exacerbation of chronic tonsillitis.

There are complaints of discomfort in the throat ("sore throat"), pain, which in most cases is insignificant, but sometimes very sharp and accompanied by a rise in body temperature to 38 ° C.

Acute pharyngitis in young children is severe, with high fever and pronounced general symptoms: adynamia (severe lethargy), lack of appetite, sleep disturbance, increased ESR to 25-30 mm/h. However, it must be considered that in these cases the disease should be regarded as acute adenoiditis with corresponding symptoms.

The diagnosis is made based on examination of the pharynx: there is hyperemia (redness), swelling and infiltration of the mucous membrane of the posterior wall of the pharynx, velopharyngeal arches, and sometimes the soft palate. With lateral pharyngitis, hyperemia and swelling of the lateral ridges of the pharynx are determined.

Viral pharyngitis is usually observed in acute viral respiratory diseases. Characterized by extensive bright red hyperemia, involving the palatine tonsils and soft palate. Sometimes red dots (pinpoint hemorrhages) or blisters appear on the mucous membrane of the back of the throat.

Local sensations are represented by a dry, irritating cough for 2-3 days, which gradually subsides. General manifestations may be absent. When a secondary infection occurs, the signs of the disease change accordingly.

Acute pharyngitis is an acute inflammation of the pharyngeal mucosa - a common manifestation of acute respiratory diseases. As a rule, with pharyngitis, children complain of pain, discomfort in the throat (burning, soreness, itching), coughing, and sometimes itching and pain in the ears. Infants cannot complain of being unwell, but attentive parents pay attention to restless behavior, sleep disturbances, and worsening appetite. Pharyngitis can be combined with other manifestations of acute respiratory infections, such as runny nose, cough, fever, conjunctivitis.

It should be noted that acute pharyngitis is rarely an isolated disease. It is usually combined with other upper respiratory tract diseases. In children under 2 years of age, the disease is more severe and is often combined with inflammation of the mucous membrane of the nasopharynx and acute catarrhal rhinitis. In this case, symptoms of acute rhinitis will be observed - impaired nasal breathing, copious mucous or mucopurulent discharge from the nose.

Treatment of pharyngitis

Treatment is carried out by an ENT doctor at a clinic or a pediatrician.

Therapeutic measures for pharyngitis include the following manipulations.

In case of acute and exacerbation of chronic pharyngitis, not accompanied by pronounced disorders of the general condition, symptomatic treatment is sufficient, including a gentle diet, hot foot baths, warm compresses on the front surface of the neck, milk with honey, steam inhalations and gargling.

In children under 2 years of age the disease is more severe and is often combined with inflammation of the mucous membrane of the nasopharynx and acute catarrhal rhinitis.

Treatment of pharyngitis in children under two years of age involves dry warming of the neck, plenty of warm drinks and taking mild restoratives.

How to properly treat a child with a sore throat: Selecting medications for children is not easy, since many of the drugs that are successfully used by adults are contraindicated for children, or do not have all the necessary properties. In most cases, throat diseases cause erosive damage to the mucous membrane of the oropharynx and the appearance of epithelial defects. The faster these defects are eliminated, the faster the unpleasant symptoms will disappear and recovery will occur. Conventional drugs are not able to restore the damaged integrity of the mucous membranes of the oropharynx. Drugs that can perform this task include Derinat, which, in addition to antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal and immunomodulatory properties, also has a pronounced reparative effect, that is, it restores the integrity of the epithelium and its protective functions. Thanks to these properties, the drug helps at all stages of the disease. The most convenient way to treat a throat is to use the drug Derinat in the form of a spray. Derinat speeds up the healing process, strengthens the immune system, which prevents possible recurrence of the disease.

Treatment of cough in infants and children under 1 year of age at home is quite difficult. Very few folk remedies are suitable for this. The softest and safest remedy for infants is compresses. And also massage. Compresses should not be used at elevated temperatures.

Compresses for infants with pharyngitis

Honey mustard scone
This folk remedy will help cure a cough in an infant. You need to mix equal amounts of honey, mustard powder, flour, vegetable oil, vodka, divide into two parts, place on a cloth, apply to the chest and back. Secure with a bandage and put on pajamas. This compress can be left overnight, if cough is being treated in children under 1 year of age - for two hours. It’s even better to do this: for the first use, leave it for two hours, if the child tolerated this product well and there are no allergic reactions on the skin, then leave this compress on all night

Compress for a child’s cough with honey and fat.
Mix 2 tbsp. honey, vodka, pork or goose fat. Rub this mixture onto the child's chest, back, feet, wrap the torso in a warm diaper, put on socks and put him to bed.

Potato compress.
Boil finely chopped potatoes (better yet, peel them), drain the water, put them in a plastic bag, tie them, then wrap them in several layers of cloth and secure them on your chest. We must make sure that it is not hot, but pleasant. The temperature of the compress can be adjusted by layers of fabric - as it cools, remove excess layers. Warm the baby's chest for 1 hour. After several procedures, the cough goes away.

Treatment of cough in infants

Mustard wraps

Treatment of cough in infants

In addition to compresses, treatment of cough in infants and children under one year of age requires the following measures:
1. Do not limit the child’s mobility - movements promote the discharge of sputum and help cleanse the bronchi of mucus.
2. Take the baby in your arms more often, pat it gently on the back, this will also improve bronchial drainage
3. To quickly cure a baby’s cough, let him drink warm water as often as possible.
4. Get a massage. You can use vegetable oil or massage creams to treat colds in children. You can do a light honey massage. Foot massage is very useful.
5. Humidify the air in the room where the sick baby is, use a special device for this, in winter you can hang a damp cloth on the radiator, or even better, go into the bathtub where the shower was previously running. Moist air will improve the baby's condition.

Mustard wraps
Treatment of cough in children under 1 year of age can be carried out using mustard wraps. This is safer than mustard plasters, which are used to treat coughs in older people.
1 tbsp. l. dissolve dry mustard in 500 ml of warm water, moisten 4 layers of gauze in the solution and wrap the baby’s body, or place the cloth on the back. Wrap a towel on top and cover with a blanket. After 5 minutes, remove the compress and wipe the skin with warm water. After 4 such procedures, the child’s dry cough goes away

Treatment of pharyngitis at home

Irritating foods (hot, cold, sour, spicy, salty) are excluded from the diet; plenty of warm drinks are recommended - tea with lemon, milk with mineral water, etc.

Treatmentpharyngitisatchildrenfolkmeans: Gargling with antiseptic, herbal solutions (for example, a solution of 1% chlorophyllipt, rotokan, sea salt, eucalyptus, etc.) 3 - 4 times a day after meals. However, this is only possible in children older than 2-3 years. Who already know how to gargle.

The following herbal infusions are most effective for gargling:

1. Calendula flowers, plantain leaves, sage leaves, chamomile flowers.

2. Chamomile flowers, oregano herb, sage leaves, St. John's wort herb

3. Dandelion flowers, plantain leaves, birch leaves, pine buds.

Preparation of fees 1-3:

Mix the components in equal parts. 1 tbsp. collection, pour 1 cup of boiling water, boil for 3 minutes over low heat, leave for 1 hour, strain.

4. Oak bark - 2 parts, linden flowers - 1 part

5. Linden flowers - 2 parts, chamomile flowers - 3 parts

Preparation of fees 4-5:

Brew 1 teaspoon of the mixture in 1 glass of boiling water, strain, and cool.

Rinse with warm infusion 5-6 times a day.

To gargle, you can use a pharmacy tincture of eucalyptus - 20-30 drops per glass of warm water and eucalyptus oil - 15-20 drops per glass.

Irrigation of the pharynx with antiseptic or antibiotic-containing aerosols (a list by age is given below) 2-3 doses 2-4 times a day. Alternate gargling with herbal infusions and antiseptic solutions.

Gargling should be combined with inhalations. For inhalation, you can use an infusion of the following herbs: St. John's wort, mint herb, sage leaves, coltsfoot leaves, oregano herb, wild rosemary herb, chamomile flowers, eucalyptus leaves, plantain leaf. It is better to use a mixture of 2-3 herbs. The infusion is prepared as in collections 1-3.

1. Linden flowers, raspberries (if there are no allergies).

2. Raspberry berries - 2 parts, black currant leaves - 2 parts, coltsfoot leaves - 1 part, oregano herb - 1 part.

3. Plantain leaves, linden flowers, raspberries, anise.

Preparation: pour 1 tablespoon of the mixture with 1 glass of boiling water, boil for 3-5 minutes, leave for 30 minutes. Drink the decoction in 2 doses (1/2 cup each) with an interval of 2 hours.

Resorption of tablets or lozenges with antibacterial, analgesic, emollient substances (faringosept, falimint, strepsils, laripront, etc.), in children over 5 years old.

For bacterial pharyngitis, systemic antibiotics are necessary. Antibacterial therapy is justified only if the etiology of the disease is known or suspected to be streptococcal. Unjustified antibacterial therapy contributes to the development of resistance to antibiotics, and can also be complicated by adverse drug reactions. Antibiotics, if necessary, will be prescribed to you by your doctor!

Infants and young children cannot gargle or swallow tablets, so they are only prescribed to drink plenty of fluids and irrigate the throat with an antiseptic. It should be noted that children under two years of age should use all aerosols with caution due to the possibility of developing a spasm of the glottis.

Rinse method: take one sip of the prepared solution, clearly pronouncing the letter “O” or “E”, gargle, then spit out the solution. Rinse 3-4 times a day after meals.

For influenza, rimantadine is prescribed, for herpes infection - acyclovir.

For bacterial pharyngitis, local antibacterial drugs are prescribed - Bioparox (4 inhalations in the mouth every 4 hours) or Hexasprey (2 injections 3 times a day). The limitation for the use of these drugs is the age of up to 2.5 years (laryngospasm may develop).

The drug Yox, an otorhinolaryngological disinfectant containing polyvidone iodine, which releases active iodine upon contact with the mucous membrane, has a good therapeutic effect. Iodine, in turn, has a wide spectrum of antimicrobial effects; in addition, iodine accelerates the process of cleansing the mucous membranes of necrotic tissue (plaques). Yox also has an anesthetic (pain-relieving) effect.

Prevention: hardening the body, eliminating harmful factors, restoring impaired nasal breathing, increasing the body's defenses (use of immunocorrector drugs)

Chronic pharyngitis is often not an independent disease, but a manifestation of the pathology of the entire gastrointestinal tract: chronic atrophic gastritis, cholecystitis, pancreatitis. The entry of acidic gastric contents into the pharynx during sleep with gastroesophageal reflux disease and hiatal hernia is often a hidden cause of the development of chronic catarrhal pharyngitis, and in this case, without eliminating the underlying cause of the disease, any local treatment methods provide an insufficient and short-lived effect. Smoking (and passive smoking too) and tonsillectomy (removal of the tonsils) lead to the development of atrophic changes in the pharyngeal mucosa.

Pharyngitis often develops with constantly difficult nasal breathing. It can be caused not only by switching to mouth breathing, but also by the abuse of vasoconstrictor drops, which flow from the nasal cavity into the pharynx and have an unnecessary anemic effect there. Symptoms of pharyngitis may be present with the so-called postnasal drip (postnasal drip). In this case, discomfort in the throat is associated with the flow of pathological secretions from the nasal cavity or paranasal sinuses along the back wall of the pharynx. In addition to constant coughing, this condition can cause wheezing in children, which requires differential diagnosis with bronchial asthma.

Local antibacterial agents can be widely used in the treatment of pharyngitis. The choice of the optimal drug is determined by the spectrum of its antimicrobial activity, the absence of allergenicity and toxic effect. Of course, the most effective local drugs will not completely replace the need for systemic administration of antibiotics for sore throat and pharyngitis caused by beta-hemolytic streptococcus. On the other hand, due to the nonbacterial etiology of many forms of pharyngitis, the emergence of an increasing number of resistant strains of bacteria, as well as the undesirable effects of general antibiotic therapy, local administration of drugs with a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity is in many cases the method of choice.

Treatment of pharyngitis in a child with folk remedies

For treatment of pharyngitis In children, local, symptomatic general and folk remedies are used that increase immunity.

• Mix the juice of half a lemon, 1 tbsp. a spoonful of honey and a glass (200 ml) of hot red (dry) wine. Boil for 2-3 minutes, add a little cinnamon and 1 clove bud. Leave for 20 minutes, strain and drink hot. This is a good remedy for the first symptoms of pharyngitis(stingling, painful cough).
• If you have a slight headache, sore throat, weakness, you need to pour very hot water into a bowl, add a 20-30% decoction of pine needles or chamomile flowers and steam your feet well. You need to dry them with a hard towel and immediately put on woolen socks. The next procedure is to heat the chamomile decoction well in a saucepan, tilt your head over it, covered with a towel, and breathe in the hot steam. Finally, before going to bed, you need to drink a mug of viburnum tea with honey (mash viburnum fruits with honey, pour boiling water over them, and rub). You can add mint and linden blossom to viburnum.
• Take 3 teaspoons of finely grated carrots, add 1 chopped golden mustache joint and 1 teaspoon of honey. Stir and hold in the mouth, dissolving, pushing the tongue towards the back wall of the throat, 5 - 7 minutes, once a day. Then spit it out. The course of treatment is 7 days.
• Eucalyptus tincture has anti-inflammatory, expectorant, strong antiseptic, and analgesic effects. It is used internally for pharyngitis. 10 drops per half glass of warm water 2-3 times a day.
• Rosehip tea perfectly strengthens the mucous membrane of the back of the throat. You need to drink this tea for 2-3 months. You can add viburnum berries, lemon balm and sage to the rose hips. Pour the collection with boiling water in a thermos at the rate of 1 tbsp. spoon of the mixture in a glass of water, leave for 2 hours and strain. Before use, add 1-2 drops of sea buckthorn oil.
• For pharyngitis, propolis inhalation is useful: place 60 g of propolis and 40 g of wax in an aluminum bowl or mug with a capacity of 300 ml and place it in another larger container with boiling water. Propolis and wax will dissolve under these conditions, and the volatile substances of propolis, together with water vapor, will sublimate. Inhalations are recommended for 10-15 minutes in the morning and evening. People suffering from pharyngitis need to think about increasing local immunity. As studies in recent years have shown, with pharyngitis, the protective forces of the pharynx are reduced. They can be supported with herbal infusions, teas, and natural juices. At home, they are prepared from available berries, fruits, herbs and honey. Used to prevent seasonal exacerbations of the disease. Here are some recipes.
• Take a glass of raisins and cranberries, but 1.5 glasses of walnut kernels and honey, 1 glass (200 ml) of vodka. Grind all solid components, pour in vodka and slightly warmed honey. Stir everything. Take 1 tbsp. spoon 3 times a day an hour before meals. One serving per course of treatment.

Attention! Medicines containing alcohol should not be given to children and adolescents!

• Mix the juice from fresh plantain leaves with an equal amount of honey and cook for 20 minutes, store in a tightly closed container, take 1 tbsp. spoon 2-3 times a day.
• Take 1 teaspoon of sage herb, add a glass of water, bring to a boil, cool, strain, add 1 teaspoon of honey. Drink at night.
• Take 5 g of rose hips (chopped), nettle herb and thyme herb. Pour 15 g of collection into 200 ml of cold water, boil for 2-3 minutes, leave for 1 hour. Take 10 ml with honey as hot tea 2 times a day after meals. The course of treatment is 2 weeks.
• For acute pharyngitis, a hot decoction of wild apples (2 tablespoons per 200 ml of water) is useful; it is recommended to take a glass 1-2 times a day for 10-20 days.
• Fresh agave juice with honey (1:1 ratio) 1 teaspoon 4 times a day is a good remedy for prolonged pharyngitis.
• Take 1 tbsp. spoon of St. John's wort herb and pour 1 glass of boiling water in a thermos, leave for 1-2 hours and strain. Add 20 drops of pharmaceutical alcohol tincture of propolis to the infusion. Gargle 2-3 times a day and the illness will go away.

Autumn and winter are fun times for walking. Children are attracted by the snow, which they just want to try, and they are attracted by puddles - they are fun to splash with their feet. Often, the result of pranks and improper equipment for a walk are colds and ailments of the upper respiratory tract. The most common disease in children under 7 years of age is pharyngitis. Let's talk about him.

From this article you will learn

Features of the disease

The inflammatory process of the upper respiratory tract is accompanied by a deterioration in the overall somatic health of the baby. Most children have a severe course in infancy. Often combined with laryngitis and bronchitis. It is the first step to the occurrence of complications, the continuation of the inflammatory process in the bronchi, lungs, and nasopharynx.

Pharyngitis refers to diseases that are provoked by influenza viruses, acute respiratory viral infections, the common cold, and can be transmitted by airborne droplets. Bacterial pharyngitis most often appears in spring and late winter, when the immune system is weakened and harmful bacteria become more active.

Causes of the disease

The following factors are provocateurs:

• Frosty, dry, polluted air. The baby screams and cries on the street in cold weather, in the wind, and in the evening his temperature rises and his throat turns red. The cause of inflammation is cooled air currents and bacteria that enter the child’s oral cavity.
• Non-compliance with the temperature regime of food and drink. Everyone knows that ice cream, cold or hot drinks in large quantities cause a thermal burn in the throat. The tissue of the pharynx is damaged, the gates to infection open, and conditions for the life of harmful bacteria appear.
• Exogenous factors. This is tobacco smoke, environmental pollution, dry and dusty indoor air, spicy food.
• Viruses, bacteria. Cocci of various types, adenoviruses, influenza, bacilli, moraxella. The herpes virus from the lips penetrates the nasopharynx, causing herpetic pharyngitis.
• Weakened immunity. The postoperative period and severe infections reduce the level of the body's resistance. This group also includes a tendency to allergies.
• Infectious diseases of a different nature that the baby suffers from. Caries, stomatitis, sinusitis, candidiasis, sinusitis.
• Vitamin deficiency.
• Malfunctions of the gastrointestinal tract and kidneys.
• Thyroid diseases.
• ARVI, influenza, acute respiratory infections.
• Genetic predisposition.

Knowing the main factors that provoke the development of pharyngitis, it is possible to prevent the progression of the chronic form by starting treatment on time in the acute period. ENT disease can be easily treated with antiseptics, antibiotics, and other medications if the initiation of therapy is not delayed.

Alternative opinion. From a psychosomatic point of view, pharyngitis in a child is a consequence of grievances, hatred, and anger hidden from others. Unspoken complaints and fear of the offender get stuck in the larynx, provoking inflammation.

Classification of pharyngitis

Pediatricians distinguish several forms of pharyngitis, systematizing them according to the following indicators:

1. By provoking agent:

• herpes;
• vesicular (viral);
• streptococcal;
• chlamydial;
• allergic
• and others.

2. At the location of the concentration of foci of inflammation:

• Superficial (catarrhal) pharyngitis. Only the mucous membrane of the throat is affected, the internal tissues remain unaffected.
• Internal (granular). The lymphoid follicles of the pharynx become inflamed, and the deep layers of mucous tissue become covered with granular plaques.
• Follicular (lymphatic). Pathological foci of purulent inflammation arise rapidly, affecting the back wall of the pharynx. In terms of signs and manifestations, it is almost no different from sore throat.

3. By breadth of respiratory tract coverage:

• Limited pharyngitis. Localized on the side bolsters, the back walls do not become inflamed.
• Common pharyngitis. Covers the entire pharynx: back walls, sides.

4. According to the nature of the disease:

• spicy;
• subacute;
• chronic.

Important! Parents should remember that acute viral pharyngitis is contagious. During illness, isolate your child from meetings with friends and close contact with household members.

Symptoms

The main signs of pharyngitis include:

• a sore throat;

More than half of young patients complain about it. It occurs not only when swallowing food or saliva, as with a sore throat, but is permanent, but mild in severity.

• sore throat, resulting in coughing;

Occurs in 80-90% of patients. A tickling, similar to itching, is especially disturbing in the first days of the development of the disease, at night.

• high temperature, fever;

It is especially concerning for young patients under the age of 3-4 years.

• redness of the throat mucosa, external signs of inflammation;

The pharynx, which is located between the palate and the root of the tongue, is primarily affected. The tonsils become swollen and covered with a white coating. In this case, we can talk about a complication - sore throat.

• labored breathing;

Caused by swelling of the tissues of the pharynx, inflammation of the tonsils.

• hoarseness of voice;

• main signs of a cold: weakness, headache, loss of appetite;

Diagnosed in 1/4 of all patients.

• disturbance of sleep, daytime activity.

The listed symptoms are characteristic of viral and bacterial pharyngitis. A rare allergic type of disease can be recognized by swelling of the mucous membrane, nasal discharge, swollen eyes, sore throat, but without hyperthermia and fever.

You can see in detail what an inflamed larynx with pharyngitis will look like in the photo.

Symptoms in babies

A small child cannot tell his parents what worries him and how he feels, but he can easily get pharyngitis. Moms will have to diagnose the disease or help the doctor do it. Look out for the following signs of pharyngitis in infants:

• hyperthermia. The fever occurs suddenly, lasts 3-4 days, the thermometer rises to 38-38.5 ° C;
• lack of appetite, excessive regurgitation immediately after feedings;
• dry cough;
• runny nose;
• sleep disturbance;
• general anxiety, moodiness;
• lethargy.

The causative agent of pharyngitis in infants and children under 2-3 years of age is most often viruses and the common cold. Acute disease occurs in severe form. The mucous membrane of the throat and nose becomes inflamed; in diathesis children, a rash may appear on the arms and buttocks. In rare cases, stool problems occur in newborns if the virus enters the intestines.

How is it different from a sore throat?

Acute sore throat and pharyngitis have the same ICD code, which means that their contiguity is not denied in international medical practice.

Important! If we talk about the treatment of sore throat and pharyngitis, then this also has its own characteristics. Tonsillitis is treated only with antibiotics, and pharyngitis - with drugs to relieve unpleasant symptoms. Antibacterial drugs have no effect on viral infections.

Diagnosis of the disease does not end with listing complaints or identifying symptoms of pharyngitis or sore throat. The doctor examines the patient and prescribes laboratory tests. Based on their results, a therapeutic course is drawn up.

Watch this video carefully. which details the differences between pharyngitis and tonsillitis.

Diagnostics

First of all, parents should contact their pediatrician. Pharyngitis is diagnosed during an external examination, based on patient complaints. If the treatment does not help, the symptoms subside, but return again, and the ENT doctor gets involved in the process. The number of additional examinations depends on how the overall clinical picture looks.

A specialist prescribes laboratory tests and studies:

• Analysis of urine;
• smear of the pharynx mucosa.

Microflora, PCR, sensitivity to antibiotics are studied.

For chronic forms you will need to undergo:

1. Examination of the nose and throat with an endoscope. This modern diagnostic method is necessary to detect pathological changes in mucosal tissues;
2. Sputum analysis if blood is present;
3. Examination by an allergist, immunologist. Necessary for the diagnosis of allergic pharyngitis.
4. Examination, conversation with a gastroenterologist. Required to exclude or confirm reflux type of pharyngitis.

A detailed examination and examinations by specialized specialists are necessary for early diagnosis of the disease and prescribing the correct treatment. Advanced, chronic forms will require surgical intervention.

Chronic form

Protracted illness and recurring symptoms are the first signs of chronic pharyngitis. The reasons for this deplorable situation are often:

• secondary infection of the nasopharynx (herpes virus, stomatitis and others);
• mononucleosis;
• error in diagnosing the type of pharyngitis;
• environmental factors irritating the pharynx.

The child continues to stay in the apartment of parents who smoke, the air in the rooms where the children are is dry, and during the treatment process drinks and food that are too cold or hot are offered.

• allergies, constant inhalation of an allergen;
• adenoids;
• chronic rhinitis.

Mucus drains down the back of the throat and irritates the tissues.

Important! If symptoms remain unchanged 10-14 days after the start of treatment, contact a specialist - an otolaryngologist. Perhaps the disease is progressing to a chronic stage or the treatment prescribed by the pediatrician is incorrect.

How to treat

Pharyngitis therapy is complex. Drug treatment is combined with folk recipes and the organization of the patient’s everyday life.

The standard treatment regimen consists of the following steps:

• Gargling.

Prescribed to children after one year. Antiseptic solutions are prepared from soda, salt and boiled water in the following proportions: 20 milliliters of liquid + 1 teaspoon of soda and salt.

Iodine solution is suitable for older children. You will need 2 drops of iodine per glass of warm water. You need to gargle 5-6 times during the acute period, 2-3 during the healing process.

This method is not suitable for infants, so the larynx is simply washed with Miramistin 2-4 times a day.

Or use a large syringe and boiled water. Gently point the disposable instrument down your throat and release a small amount of liquid inside. The baby will not like this, so act carefully so that the baby does not choke.

• Spraying inflamed areas with sprays. Use Ingalipt, Tantum Verde, Cameton, Hexasprey.

• Treatment of pustules with medicinal solutions. "Lugol", "Protargol", propolis help disinfect the pharynx and heal inflamed areas.

• Lollipop sucking. Lozenges, tablets with cooling, analgesic properties relieve discomfort and are antiseptics. “Imudon”, “Faringosept”, “Septolete” are considered effective medications. It is necessary to suck the lollipop for a long time, 3-4 times a day, without chewing it.

• Laser therapy. Performed in a hospital to treat severe clinical cases.

• Inhalations. They are carried out with special solutions for nebulizers, sodium chloride, calendula tinctures, chamomile decoctions, water with furatsilin.

Important! Using Pulmicort and Berodual to treat pharyngitis is dangerous. They are ineffective in this case. They are used to relieve bronchospasm and treat severe forms of bronchitis. In a child who does not have these diseases, they cause paradoxical spasm in the bronchi and can lead to death.

• Endopharyngeal instillation. Suitable for babies.

• Taking antimycotics. Effective for fungal pharyngitis. Amotericin, Diflucan, Nizoral spray are used.

• Antiseptic drop therapy. Use Tonzilgon. These are antiseptic drops. Relieve sore throat, disinfect the larynx, preventing the development of bacterial complications.

• Treatment with antibiotics. This is the most controversial issue in the treatment of pharyngitis. The use of antimicrobial drugs must be justified. The risk of developing bacterial complications gives the pediatrician the right to prescribe Biseptol and Summamed. Suitable for treating purulent, follicular pharyngitis. For viral or allergic infections, antibiotics are not used.

• Taking antiviral drugs. "Cycloferon", "Arbidol", "Anaferon", "Acyclovir" (for herpes pharyngitis). They strengthen the baby’s immunity and help cope with adenoviruses and oral infections.

• Antipyretics. For fever relief, use as needed. Syrups and suppositories are suitable for infants, and tablets for children over 2 years of age. They use Nurofen, Ibuklin Junior, Ibuprofen. If fever lasts more than 3 days, contact your doctor. You cannot use paracetamol or ibuprofen for more than 3 days in a row, change the medication, monitor the functionality of your kidneys and liver with your pediatrician.

• Therapy for vesicular, allergic types involves taking antihistamines. Zodak and Zyrtec relieve swelling and remove irritants from the intestines. If there are skin rashes, use Fenistil cream and corticosteroids for itching.

Baby care

Parents must follow the following recommendations from their attending physician for caring for their baby:

1. Create a damp, cool atmosphere in the room.

Dr. Komarovsky “screams” about this in every program. A dry and warm climate is a favorable environment for the occurrence of acute respiratory infections, acute respiratory viral infections, pharyngitis, bronchitis and other childhood diseases.

A humidifier and thermometer should be your friends until your baby grows up. Sources of dust - carpets, large soft toys - also need to be disposed of urgently.

2. Provide the patient with plenty of warm fluids.

The volume of fluid depends on the age and weight of the child. For example, if the baby is one year old, then multiply his weight by 125 milliliters.

11 kg x 125 ml = 1375 ml. This is the daily norm for a baby of this age and weight.

At high temperatures, the coefficient increases to 140 milliliters.

11 kg x 140 ml = 1540 ml.

Of course, such a calculation is not fundamentally important, but it is worth getting closer to this volume of liquid drunk per day. With the help of drinking, the child washes his throat and prevents viruses and bacteria from clinging to the surface.

Important! The degree of heating of compotes, water, tea should correspond to the baby’s body temperature. If he has a fever and the thermometer shows 38°C, then heat the drink to the same level.

3. Create the right menu.

Do not prepare solid foods; feed your baby soups, pureed purees, and broths. Prohibited:

• sweets;
• soda;
• spicy dishes;
• sour juices;
• oranges, lemons.

Liberties and indulgences in food are allowed when pain and inflammation begin to subside.

Important! Popular questions from young parents are the following: is it possible to bathe the baby and is it possible to go for a walk? The answer is negative. Do not wash completely, do not go outside with your baby until the temperature normalizes and the general condition improves. Having overcome the acute period, adequately assess the child’s mood and physical health before taking a bath or going to the playground.

Traditional methods of treatment

“Grandma’s” recipes are not used as the main methods of treatment. These are additional measures that will speed up recovery and alleviate the baby’s condition.

• Honey and mustard.

Used in equal proportions. Make a cake from the mixture (if it turns out to be a batter, add flour), wrap it in gauze and attach it to the baby’s chest or back for 1-2 hours. The compress will warm the chest, relieve pain, and cure cough.

• Herbs.

Used for preparing solutions for inhalation and rinsing.

You can breathe through a nebulizer with infusions of chamomile, oregano, and sage. Gargle with decoctions of oak, cinnamon, mint, eucalyptus, and black elderberry.

• Potato steam.

For 3-4 days, when the baby does not have a fever, try inhaling over a pan of freshly boiled potatoes. Cover the child's head with a towel and tilt it over the container. Let the steam inhale for 5-10 minutes once a day, preferably before bed.

• Drink with berries and herbs.

To reduce temperature, use raspberries, linden, and coltsfoot leaves as general tonics. Add fresh berries, brewed herbs to tea, compotes.

• Foot baths.

Used only when the patient's body temperature is normal. Pour hot water into a basin, add mustard or pine needle infusion. Steam the legs for 5-7 minutes. Then put on your socks.

• Compress with vodka on the neck.

Wet the gauze folded in layers with an alcohol solution, place the compress closer to the throat, the baby’s neck should be clasped. It will warm the tissues and help relieve pain.

• Rose hip tea.

Strengthens the mucous membrane of the throat. Suitable for the treatment and prevention of chronic pharyngitis.

Together with folk remedies, homeopathy is also used as alternative medicine. Popular natural remedies are:

• Argentumnitricum (silver nitrate). It restores the fullness of the voice and relieves hoarseness.
• Aconite lowers temperature and relieves burning sensation in the throat.
• Apis eliminates swelling of the tonsils and pharynx.

Homeopathic remedies are not generally accepted drugs for the treatment of pharyngitis in children. They are used at the request of the parents and in the absence of allergies to the components in the baby.

Prevention

The list of measures to prevent pharyngitis is as follows:

• Do not overcool your child.
• Avoid contact with dusty, tobacco-contaminated air.
• Strengthen your immune system.
• , exercise, add fruits and vegetables to your diet.
• Contact your doctor promptly. Do not allow the disease to drag on or become chronic.
• Avoid injury to the nasal septum.
• Monitor the condition of your teeth and oral cavity. Treat caries and stomatitis in a timely manner.
• Get examined for adenoids if you observe frequent sinusitis and otitis media in your baby.

Prevention of pharyngitis, colds, adherence to the rules of a healthy lifestyle will help the child avoid serious complications and protect against diseases.

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The likelihood of illness increases if the child spends little time outside and is constantly in a room with very dry air.

Frosty winter air can also contribute to the disease, especially if the child breathes through the mouth.

Pharyngitis is easy to treat - if you act quickly, you can stop the disease before it begins to cause suffering to the child. If pharyngitis is not treated, its chronic form may develop.

Pharyngitis in children and its main symptoms

Characteristic symptoms of the disease:

• It hurts to swallow and there is a feeling of constant discomfort in the throat. Pharyngitis in children under one year of age is difficult to recognize. Very young children become capricious, cry, and may experience a slight cough.
• It should also be remembered that pharyngitis can be the onset of infectious diseases: scarlet fever, etc. In general, pharyngitis is distinguished precisely by the patient’s constant attempts to clear his throat, which do not bring success. with pharyngitis in children, dry.
• There may be a persistent feeling of a lump in the throat
• If the lung begins to become deeper and stronger after two or three days, it means that the infection is spreading to the respiratory tract. Then it may begin to develop or.
• In order not to confuse pharyngitis, you should know their symptoms. With pharyngitis, the sensation in the throat is quite tolerable, it is rather discomfort. When the pain in the throat is sharp, every sip hurts.

At the same time, with a sore throat, the temperature rises sharply, and the throat very quickly becomes coated. With pharyngitis, the feeling may be accompanied by a slight fever. The exception is bacterial pharyngitis, which is accompanied by a very high temperature.

• As a separate disease, viral pharyngitis occurs rarely; more often it develops as a concomitant phenomenon with acute respiratory infections, runny nose, and mild colds. In this case, the symptoms are as follows: painful shallow cough, nasal discharge, lacrimation, etc.
• Sometimes this is accompanied by stool disorders.
• Swallowing is painful, and swallowing saliva causes more discomfort than eating. Swallowing may cause additional discomfort in the ears: pain, itching may occur
• A rash may occur, but this does not cause any further concern.
• The bacterial form is distinguished by an acute, almost sudden course - severe pain in the throat occurs in the general optimal state of the body.

Then the temperature rises, a plaque may appear on the throat, and the tonsils may enlarge. Sometimes bad breath appears; it is caused by bacteria that multiply in the affected area at tremendous speed. The eyes begin to water, the voice becomes hoarse.

Diagnosis of pharyngitis

To determine pharyngitis, in most cases, a careful examination of the throat is sufficient; a number of signs indicate the disease:

• throat is red, but not too much
• tonsils look normal
• the back wall may be inflamed and even contain pus if bacterial pharyngitis develops
• Granules – granular formations – may appear on the back wall; in this case, granulosa pharyngitis develops
• if a streptococcal infection is suspected, a throat swab is prescribed, and the presence of not only , but also pathogens is checked
• If a pathogenic infection is detected, a course of antibiotics is prescribed, sometimes treatment is carried out in an inpatient setting.

It is most difficult to recognize acute pharyngitis in children - babies under one year of age usually have very mild symptoms.

Chronic form of pharyngitis

We can talk about the transition of the disease to a chronic form if recovery or noticeable improvement does not occur within 2 weeks.

In this case, you need to consult a doctor, since chronic pharyngitis in children can have completely different causes:

• secondary infection of the lesion (simply put, if a bacterial infection is added to pharyngitis, and it turns into another form, preserving the symptoms of chronic pharyngitis in children)
• mononucleosis (if observed)
• lymph nodes can also be palpated with.
• constant throat irritation: too dry air, presence of allergens in the air
• damage to the mucous membrane of the throat by a foreign body
• the development of a chronic runny nose, in which there is constant irritation of the back of the throat due to discharge from the nasal cavity
• other additional reasons complicating the condition.

Treatment of chronic pharyngitis is prescribed only by a doctor after determining the cause of such a protracted course of the disease.

How to treat pharyngitis

Antibiotics should not be used for pharyngitis in children, especially by choice. Even with severe symptoms of pharyngitis, you cannot treat your child on your own. The decision on how to treat the disease is made by the attending physician after excluding other infectious diseases and determining the causative agent if a bacterial form of the disease is present.

The child’s immune system must cope with the problem on its own, and treatment should be aimed at easing the symptoms:

• reduction of pain and discomfort in the throat,
• normalize the temperature if possible
• supporting the body and ensuring peace.

If necessary, your doctor may prescribe antiviral drugs (for example, if herpetic pharyngitis develops).

What can and should be done

• Gargle

The safest remedy is lightly salted water (1 teaspoon per glass of water). Not suitable for small children.

You can prepare infusions of chamomile, calendula, and plantain. Pharmacies have ready-made rinses: “Chlorophyllipt”, “Rotokan”. Any rinsing should be done after eating so that it lasts longer. A child of 5 years old can already gargle independently.

If the child is already 3 years old, you can use Miramistin to irrigate a sore throat; for this you need to buy a spray.

Advice! To treat children under 2 years of age who cannot yet gargle, Dr. Komarovsky advises using an inhaler and warm inhalations with decoctions of medicinal herbs.

• A warm, generous drink is required

Tea, herbal infusions, diluted natural juices, fruit drinks, compotes. It is better to buy herbal teas on the recommendation of a doctor. You should not drink hot milk.

• Hot steam inhalations are not used. In general, anything that increases throat irritation should be avoided if possible.
• You can apply warm compresses to the front of the throat.
• The child should be fed warm dishes, without herbs and spices. If your child wants something spicy, you should first give him a spoonful of butter.
• To reduce irritability of the throat and respiratory tract, the air in the room where the child is located needs to be humidified. To do this, simply place an open container of water in the room.
• Too high a temperature should be brought down by using paracetamol or ibuprofen. You should not try to cure pharyngitis with antibiotics; they do not act properly on viruses, but the child’s intestinal microflora will be seriously affected. In addition, the emergence of clones of microorganisms that are resistant to the action of the antibiotics used is possible.
• Instead of gargling, you can use throat aerosols, but they are suitable for children if they are already 2 years old. Small children should not use them, as they may experience spasms of the upper respiratory tract.

Important! Preparations and remedies based on plant components and bee products are very effective, but before use you should make sure that there are no allergic reactions to these natural antiseptics.

• You should also check the child’s body’s reaction to medications containing iodine and its derivatives, sulfonamides (inhalipt), and other active natural substances. The age of the child also matters; some medications can be used from 3 years old, others from five years old. The doctor prescribes medications according to indications and taking into account the individual characteristics of the child’s body.
• Products containing chlorhexidine should be used under strict supervision, since this antiseptic is quite toxic.
• Vitamin complexes are prescribed, especially ascorbic acid, which improve the child’s health.
• Pharmacies have a large selection of lollipops and sucking candies with analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects.

First, you should give your child one piece of candy or lollipop and see if there is an allergic reaction to the components. You can also ask your doctor to recommend certain types of such lozenges. Faringosept and Strepsils work well.

• If you have a severe runny nose, you can try using vasoconstrictor nasal drops.

However, they should be used no longer than 4-5 days, since the body gets used to it very quickly and with further use they will no longer be so effective. Moreover, they can, on the contrary, increase the secretion of mucus from the nose.

Advice! If there is no high temperature, you can walk with your child so that he moves and breathes fresh air.

You should choose days with good weather; if the weather is constantly damp and cold, then it is better to cancel walks for several days.

Acute pharyngitis is an inflammatory process that develops in the larynx. The disease provokes severe swelling of the mucous membranes and pain.

Children of preschool and primary school age are at risk. In the absence of timely treatment, acute pharyngitis can become chronic.

Symptoms and treatment of acute pharyngitis in children have a number of features. Further prognosis will depend on a correctly designed course of therapy.

General concept and characteristics

Acute pharyngitis belongs to the category infectious and inflammatory diseases, affecting lymphoid tissue and mucous membranes of the oropharynx. A pathology with characteristic symptoms develops.

In most cases, the disease in children is provoked by complications after respiratory infections.

In the absence of timely treatment, pharyngitis can cause the development of additional diseases (, etc.).

Causes of the disease

As independent disease acute pharyngitis develops rarely.

Most often, the pathology becomes a complication of infectious processes progressing in the child’s body.

The factors that provoke the disease in an infant or older child can be not only respiratory tract diseases, but also intestinal infections. The risk of developing acute pharyngitis increases in the presence of negative external influences on the body of a small patient.

provoke Acute pharyngitis can be caused by the following factors:

1. Constant inhalation of polluted air by the child.
2. Progression of infectious diseases in the body.
3. Untimely and inadequate treatment of diseases of a viral and bacterial nature.
4. Low level of protective functions of the child’s body.
5. Complications of allergic reactions.
6. Frequent and excessive hypothermia of the child.
7. Consequences of endocrine disorders that reduce immunity.
8. Critical lack of vitamins in the child’s body.

Symptoms and signs

Acute pharyngitis in a child - photo of the throat:

The symptoms of acute pharyngitis depend on the disease against which the pathology arose, as well as on individual characteristics of the body child. When additional infections occur, the little patient’s condition worsens and is accompanied by an increase in body temperature.

If acute pharyngitis occurs against the backdrop of a progressive allergic reaction, then additional symptoms may include a rash on the skin and swelling of the mucous membranes of the eyes and nasal cavity.

Symptoms The following conditions can cause acute pharyngitis:

• increased body temperature (up to 38 degrees);
• painful swallowing;
• dryness and swelling of the mucous membranes of the larynx;
• whitish discharge on the mucous membranes of the oropharynx;
• and drowsiness;
• soreness and tingling in the throat;
• decreased or lack of appetite;
• enlargement and inflammation of the lymph nodes;
• pronounced vascular injection of the palate and posterior pharyngeal wall;
• sensation of a foreign body in the throat, causing a cough;
• inflammation in the form of red grains on the mucous membranes of the oropharynx;
• and voice disorder;
• stuffy ears and hearing loss.

Complications and consequences

Complications of acute pharyngitis may pose a threat to life child.

The inflammatory process quickly spreads to the respiratory organs and disrupts their functioning.

In addition, with pharyngitis the immune system the child significantly reduces its functions.

The small patient becomes vulnerable to viruses and bacteria. Additional infections may accompany the disease, complicating the child’s therapy and recovery process.

Consequences Acute pharyngitis can cause the following complications:

• spicy and ;
• cervical;
• peritonsillar abscess;
• tracheitis and;
• retropharyngeal abscess;
• respiratory failure;
• inflammation of the auditory tube;
• outbreak of fungal infection.

Diagnostics

Symptoms of acute pharyngitis may resemble diphtheria or catarrhal tonsillitis. The task of diagnosis is not only to determine the degree of the inflammatory process and confirm the diagnosis, but also to exclude the presence of these pathologies in the child.

In most cases, acute pharyngitis is detected during a visual examination of the oropharynx of a small patient, but other methods of examining the child may be prescribed.

At diagnostics The following procedures apply:

• auscultation;
• throat swab for microflora;
• virological studies;
• rhinoscopy;
• otoscopy;
• consultation with relevant specialists.

Treatment methods

Therapy for acute pharyngitis includes not only taking medications of certain categories, but also following additional rules that allow speed up recovery child.

You can supplement the main course of therapy with some options folk remedies, strengthening the immune system of a small patient and eliminating painful symptoms in the throat.

When treating acute pharyngitis, a child may be prescribed the following: medicines:

Inhalations are very effective in the treatment of acute pharyngitis. Such procedures can be carried out in medical institutions or at home (using a nebulizer).

The method eliminates the symptoms of the disease and speeds up the healing process little patient.

As solutions can be used for inhalation herbal decoctions, Berodual, Pulmicort, Dexamethasone and other drugs. Before starting the procedures, it is recommended to agree on the method with your doctor.

Folk remedies

Examples of folk remedies for the treatment of acute pharyngitis:

Indications for surgery

If there are complications of acute pharyngitis, surgery may be necessary. The main indication for surgery is lack of effectiveness of conservative therapy and the development of complications of the pathological process.

Inflammation with pharyngitis can spread to the tonsils and cause suppuration of the granules. If such a consequence occurs, then surgical intervention will be aimed at removing them.

Doctor Komarovsky's opinion

Uncontrolled use of antibiotics can significantly disrupt the functioning of a child’s body. This category of drugs is prescribed only in the presence of a bacterial nature inflammatory process. For other etiologies of pharyngitis, the use of antibiotics is unacceptable.

Dr. Komarovsky additionally gives the following: recommendations:

Prevention

The main measure to prevent acute pharyngitis in children is control of the level of protective functions of the body. If the immune system does not work fully, then the risk of developing complications even after colds will increase.

Chronic pharyngitis can accompany every attack on a small patient’s body by viruses or bacteria. The treatment process will take a long time, and the respiratory system will be constantly subject to inflammation.

Prevention measures acute pharyngitis are the following recommendations:

Treatment of acute pharyngitis in most cases limited to 7-14 days. After proper therapy, the little patient recovers completely.

If the course of treatment was carried out incorrectly or was completed prematurely, then there is a risk of developing chronic pharyngitis.

How and with what to treat acute pharyngitis in children? Find out from the video:

We kindly ask you not to self-medicate. Make an appointment with a doctor!

Diseases of the posterior pharyngeal wall accompany people throughout their lives. Most often, children suffer from this pathological process because they have weakened immunity and anatomical features of the throat structure. It is useful for every parent to know how to treat acute pharyngitis in children. This article will indicate which medications are best to take in case of illness, how to distinguish the disease from similar ailments based on clinical signs.

As a rule, the disease is provoked in children due to the influence of infectious pathogens on the mucous membrane of the respiratory tract. Inflammation in the posterior pharynx is caused by influenza viruses, herpes, adenoviruses, fungi and bacterial bodies. The most common acute form of the disease occurs in children.

Acute pharyngitis in a child is provoked by the following factors:

• injuries, burns of the respiratory tract;
• foreign bodies getting into the throat;
• infectious, viral damage;
• hypothermia;
• emotional shock.

Passive smoking also causes the development of this disease, since nicotine smoke irritates the throat and provokes the activation of bacteria. Pediatric pharyngitis is divided into:

• acute (treated for 1 month);
• prolonged (more than 31 days);
• chronic (does not go away within 6 months, often worsens).

An advanced form of pathology can occur in the catarrhal, granulosa and atrophic phase. The disease can have an allergic, fungal, viral, bacterial and traumatic etiology.

Symptoms of pharyngitis in children allow timely detection of the development of the disease. The most pronounced clinical picture is during the onset of the pathology. Symptoms are usually severe, children complain of severe pain in the throat, and the temperature rises above 38 degrees.

How to eliminate the inflammatory process in the back wall of the pharynx in children is determined by the attending physician. You cannot select treatment on your own, especially in the acute stage of the disease.

The disease requires complex therapy using pharmaceutical, folk and physiotherapeutic measures.

As a rule, treatment takes place at home if the parents strictly follow the doctor’s recommendations. In a one-year-old child, pharyngitis is usually cured in the hospital, since constant monitoring and medical care are required.

Factors leading to the development of pharyngitis in children.

Symptoms

Clinical manifestations of acute inflammatory disease in the posterior wall of the larynx are quite striking. Children experience burning, dryness, soreness, and soreness in the throat; the symptoms are especially noticeable when swallowing. How to treat acute pharyngitis in children will depend on the clinical manifestations of the disease and the stage of advanced pathology. Symptomatic therapy helps relieve painful symptoms and improve the patient’s condition.

Acute pharyngitis in children: symptoms and treatment:

• severe pain in the throat;
• shallow cough symptom;
• hoarseness in the voice;
• the temperature may rise and remain subfebrile;
• headache;
• sleep disorder

In newborn babies, the disease is much more severe, the symptoms remain the same, with the addition of a rash on the body, runny nose, dysphagia, dyspepsia, and conjunctivitis. The severe course of this form of the disease in children is sometimes complicated by the development of purulent otitis, mediastinitis, and retropharyngeal abscess.

The chronic course of the disease is characterized by discomfort and the sensation of a foreign object in the throat, a barking cough symptom. Upon visual examination, the mucous membrane is loose, there is redness on it. The child feels nausea, vomiting, soreness in the throat, pain radiates to the ear. Treatment of acute pharyngitis in children differs from therapeutic measures aimed at eliminating the advanced form of the disease. It is necessary to fight the disease with frequent exacerbations. This process is fraught with dangerous complications in the form of otitis media and meningitis.

With inflammation of the posterior wall of the pharynx of fungal etiology, the symptoms do not differ from the catarrhal and hyperplastic varieties. Cracks and ulcers are often observed in the corners of the mouth, the posterior lymph nodes are enlarged, and there is a cheesy coating in the area of ​​the larynx, over which a reddish, eroded mucosa is visible. Treatment of pharyngitis in a 2-year-old child of this etiology often requires inpatient conditions.

Signs of the development of pharyngitis in children.

Diagnostics

Only the attending physician can make an accurate diagnosis. In general, diagnosis does not cause difficulties in determining the disease. It is useful for every parent to know how to distinguish pathology from catarrhal tonsillitis, diphtheria and other infectious diseases. When establishing a diagnosis, the results of laboratory tests and the general condition of the patient’s body are taken into account. Pharyngitis in children under one year of age is difficult to determine, since the child cannot express complaints; parents must do this for the baby, after first monitoring his behavior.

Tests required to make a diagnosis:

• rhinoscopy;
• otoscopy;
• auscultation.

Using a throat smear, it is possible to clarify the causative agent of the infection in order to select therapy to cure a disease such as pharyngitis. Prevention of the disease requires maintaining the protective properties of the body, hardening, and timely treatment of colds.

How to identify pharyngitis in children.

Treatment

Often, the fight against inflammation of the posterior pharyngeal wall of the acute phase is limited to local therapy. During the development of the disease, it is necessary to create the most favorable conditions for the patient’s recovery.

1. It is necessary to exclude the consumption of spicy, fried, sour, cold and too hot foods.
2. The air temperature in the room should not exceed 25 degrees Celsius.
3. Oxygen must be humidified using special humidifiers.
4. The patient is instructed to remain silent, unless absolutely necessary, not to talk.

As a local therapy, patients are prescribed disinfectants for irrigation of the oropharynx (herbal decoctions, antiseptics). The back wall of the throat should be treated with Lugol's solution, Iodinol. Medicinal and alkaline inhalation measures will relieve pain. Dissolving lozenges will help moisturize the larynx, relieve soreness and pain. Newborns who cannot take pills and gargle on their own are advised to drink plenty of fluids and use antimicrobial medications.

To prevent the occurrence of chronic pharyngitis in children, manipulations are carried out to restore nasal breathing and sanitize foci of inflammation.

How to get rid of pharyngitis in children

Drops for oral administration

Drops are used to relieve local inflammation in the nasopharynx, which occurs due to the spread of the disease to nearby organs. To treat pathology, these medications are used on average for no longer than 7 days. Topical drops for eliminating acute pharyngitis are preparations based on antibacterial components, such as Isofra, vasoconstrictor drugs - Nazol and Naphthyzin.

1. Isofra drops are produced on the basis of the local antibacterial agent framycetin. This component is effective for chronic respiratory diseases. The course of treatment usually lasts 10 days. Uncontrolled use of drops is fraught with addiction. The medicine Isofra does not have side effects and has no contraindications.
2. The drug Nazol Baby is actively used for pharyngitis in the treatment of children; the drops provide a vasoconstrictor effect. The medication effectively eliminates nasal congestion and inflammation in the nasal mucosa. These drops cannot be used for atherosclerosis, heart failure, and glaucoma. Side effects include nausea, sleep disturbances, and sometimes vomiting.
3. The drug Naphthyzin also has a vasoconstrictor effect and is used both for the treatment of pharyngitis and for acute and chronic diseases. Drops help eliminate swelling and reduce the amount of mucus. The medicine is contraindicated in children under 3 years of age.

In children under 3 years of age, the acute form of pharyngitis is usually accompanied by catarrhal rhinitis, an inflammatory process in the lining of the nasopharynx. Drops quite effectively eliminate these phenomena.

Medicine for pharyngitis Isofra

Nazol drug for the treatment of pharyngitis in children

Naphthyzin remedy for pharyngitis.

Medicinal aerosols

Sprays are widely used to treat inflammation of the posterior pharyngeal wall in children. This form of drugs is convenient to use; aerosols have virtually no side effects.

What drugs are most effective for treating pharyngitis?

Sea salt spray – Aqualor. This substance provides a strong bactericidal

Preparations in the form of sprays for the treatment of pharyngitis in children.

impact. To enhance the result, the drug contains chamomile and aloe. Plants have a calming, softening effect on the inflamed larynx. As a rule, Aqualor is used no more than 6 times a day.

Aerosol Lugol for treating an inflamed larynx.

Aerosol Lugol. This drug is produced on the basis of iodine and has a bactericidal and antispasmodic effect. It is most effective to use such a drug at the stage of development of the disease. You need to treat the throat 2-4 times a day. Within half an hour after using the medicine, there is no need to give the child anything to eat or drink so that the active ingredients have time to be absorbed into the larynx. This spray should not be used if you are intolerant to iodine. The course of treatment is prescribed by the doctor individually. Newborns should apply the aerosol to a pacifier, which should then be given to the child.

Aerosol for irrigation of an inflamed pharynx Hexoral.

Hexoral. This medication can only be used by children over 3 years of age. The drug provides antiseptic and antispasmodic effects. The product effectively eliminates all fungi. The active components of the medication remain exclusively on the mucous membrane, therefore, there are no problems with the digestive system. The spray should only be used in the morning and evening, as the results last for 12 hours. Hexoral effectively eliminates purulent inflammatory processes. The course of treatment is determined by the pediatrician.

Aerosols act by distributing active components directly to the site of inflammation. The product also prevents the spread of infection to other organs.

Rinse solutions

Liquids for irrigation of the oropharynx for acute pharyngitis in children are used as local therapy. With their help, it is possible to relieve soreness in the throat and relieve swelling.

1. Chlorhexine solution. To make a medicinal rinse, you need to take 10 milliliters of the product and 30 ml of boiled water. Since the solution cannot be swallowed, the procedure must be carried out in this way: the baby stands over the sink, and the parent injects the medicine from a syringe. Manipulations are carried out 3 times a day for 2 weeks.
2. Chlorophyllipt. Using the product, you can lubricate the inflamed pharynx with a cotton swab dipped in a solution of the drug for irrigating the pharynx. For 100 milliliters of warm boiled water you will need 5 ml of medicine, stir the mixture thoroughly. The event is carried out 4 times a day for 14 days.

The above medications should be used to treat a child when he is already able to rinse the oropharynx on his own without swallowing the solution. Before purchasing medication, you should consult your doctor. Such medications are quite harmless, but to avoid side effects, it is better to be safe.

How to irrigate the throat for pharyngitis in children.

Preparations for resorption

Medicinal lozenges are easy to use and have anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. Lozenges often have a pleasant taste and aroma so that children do not refuse to use this remedy.

1. Septolete. These lozenges can be used by children under 4 years of age. You need to dissolve the drug every 5 hours, 1 tablet, until the symptoms subside. The course of treatment should last no more than 7 days.
2. Faringosept. Lozenges for resorption include ambazone, which provides a powerful antiseptic, antispasmodic and anti-inflammatory effect. To get maximum results, you need to dissolve 1 tablet every 3 hours. Allowed for use by children over 3 years old. Children under 7 years old are given three pieces a day. The course of treatment should not last more than 5 days.
3. Grammidin. Lozenges are produced on the basis of lidocaine, this substance often provokes allergic reactions. Lozenges are prescribed for children over 4 years of age. You are allowed to take no more than 4 lozenges per day. The course of treatment lasts no longer than 6 days.

It should be noted that lozenges for pharyngitis are allowed for use in the absence of problems with the kidneys. It is important to make sure that the baby does not suffer from such diseases before giving him the pills.

Medicines to treat pharyngitis in children.

Faringosept resorption agent

Resorption agent for pharyngitis.

Why is the disease dangerous?

In the absence of timely and competent treatment, acute pharyngitis in children can lead to the development of complications. They are much more difficult to treat than the disease itself in any form.

What complications arise after pharyngitis in children:

• transition of the disease to a chronic course;
• spread of infection to nearby organs;
• the appearance of retropharyngeal and peritonsillar abscess;
• rheumatism;
• tonsillitis.

The consequences of untreated pharyngitis can be avoided if you start fighting the disease in a timely manner. It should be noted that complications appear much more often in children than in adults. Therefore, full compliance with all recommendations of the attending physician is required.

Prevention

To minimize the risk of developing inflammation of the posterior pharyngeal wall in infants, you need to follow simple rules that are aimed at increasing the body’s protective functions and preventing contact with pathogens. Prevention of pharyngitis in children consists of:

• avoid hypothermia (they provoke the activation of pathogenic microorganisms present in the body);
• regular walks with fresh oxygen (1-2 times a day, subject to normal weather);
• the room where the sick child is located must have humidified oxygen;
• You should not smoke in the room where the baby is, it is better to do it outside;
• regularly carry out wet cleaning in the room;
• promptly treat rhinitis, adenoiditis, sinusitis.

The child should be given vitamins during outbreaks of acute respiratory diseases. If your baby is prone to colds, you should always adhere to preventive rules.

With this video you can find out what acute pharyngitis in children is, the symptoms and treatment of the disease.