Who was the first president of Russia. President of Russia

Presidential Inauguration

The inauguration of the President is the ceremonial procedure for assuming the office of the head of state. The word "inauguration" comes from the Latin " inaugure" - "I dedicate".

In different countries of the world, the ceremony of inauguration of the president has its own characteristics.

The tradition of inauguration of leaders of the Russian state in recent history is small. It begins with the assumption of office by the President of the USSR M.S. Gorbachev. The first and only President in the history of the USSR was elected on March 14, 1990 at the III Congress of People's Deputies of the USSR. On the same day at the congress of M.S. Gorbachev took the oath.

The first President of Russia, then still the RSFSR, B.N. Yeltsin was elected on June 12, 1991 by popular vote, and on July 10, at the Congress of People's Deputies of Russia, the elected President took office. B.N. Yeltsin took the oath of President, after which the anthem of the Russian Federation was played, and the state flag of the RSFSR was raised over the President's residence in the Kremlin next to the state flag of the USSR. From this moment the symbolism of the new Russia begins.

Later, decrees of the President of the Russian Federation appeared on the standard and sign of the President. These symbols found a place when B.N. took office. Yeltsin July 3, 1996.

On May 7, 2000, the inauguration ceremony of V.V. took place. Putin to the post of President of Russia, elected by popular vote during the early elections of the President of Russia on March 26, 2000.

According to the voting results in the presidential elections on March 14, 2004, V.V. Putin was elected President of Russia for a second term. On May 7, 2004, his inauguration ceremony took place again in the Kremlin.

On May 7, 2008, the ceremony of inauguration of D.A. Medvedev as President of Russia, elected by popular vote during the presidential elections of Russia on March 2, 2008, took place.

The inauguration of the current President of Russia, Vladimir Putin, elected on March 4, 2012 during the regular presidential elections, took place on May 7, 2012.

Symbols of presidential power

The symbols of presidential power in the Russian Federation are: the Standard of the President of the Russian Federation, the Badge of the President of the Russian Federation and a special copy, which are handed over to the newly elected President of the Russian Federation during the inauguration ceremony of the President of the Russian Federation after taking the oath on a special copy of the text of the Constitution of the Russian Federation.

Standard of the President of the Russian Federation

Standard of the President Russian Federation

The standard (flag) of the President of Russia is a square panel of three equal horizontal stripes: the top - white, the middle - blue and the bottom - red (the colors of the State Flag of Russia). In the center is a golden image of the State Emblem of Russia. The panel is edged with gold fringe. On the shaft of the Standard there is a silver bracket with the engraved last name, first name and patronymic of the President of Russia and the dates of his tenure in this post. The shaft of the Standard is topped with a metal pommel in the form of a spear.

The Standard of the President of Russia, together with the Badge of the President of Russia and a special copy of the text of the Constitution, is handed over to the newly elected President of Russia during the procedure for taking office as the President of Russia.

After the President of Russia takes the oath of office, the Standard of the President of Russia is installed in his office, and a duplicate of the Standard is raised above the President’s residence in the Moscow Kremlin.

Badge of the President of Russia

On the reverse side of the cross in the middle there is a round medallion, around the circumference of which is the motto: “Benefit, honor and glory.” In the center of the medallion is the year of manufacture - 1994. At the bottom of the medallion is an image of laurel branches. The sign is connected to the chain of the sign using a wreath of laurel branches.

The chain of the sign made of gold, silver and enamel consists of 17 links, 9 of which are in the form of an image of the State Emblem of Russia, 8 - in the form of round rosettes with the motto: “Benefit, honor and glory.” On the reverse side of the chain links of the sign there are plates covered with white enamel, on which the last name, first name, patronymic of each President of Russia and the year of his assumption of office are engraved in gold letters.

Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of August 5, 1996 N 1138 established that when the newly elected President of Russia takes office, the Badge of the President of Russia is assigned to the President of Russia as the head of state for the period of his powers by the Chairman of the Federation Council of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation.

After the President of Russia takes the oath of office, the Badge of the President of Russia is kept in the Presidential residence in the Moscow Kremlin. The use of the Badge of the President of Russia is determined by the norms of the State Protocol.

The name of Boris Yeltsin is forever associated with Russian history. For some, he will remain simply the first president of the country. Others will remember him as a talented reformer who radically changed the political and economic systems of the post-Soviet state.

Childhood and family of the future president

The official biography of Boris Yeltsin says that his homeland is the village of Butka, located in the Sverdlovsk region. It was there, according to this source, that he was born on February 1, 1931.

But many researchers actively dispute this fact. After all, in this place, which is considered the birthplace of the politician, there was a maternity hospital. And his family lived in another place - the nearby village of Basmanovo. This is the reason for the fact that the names of both the first and second settlements are found in the sources.

The parents of the one who was the first president of Russia were simple villagers. My father was a builder who came under repression in the thirties and spent a very long time in Soviet camps. There he served his sentence. Having been granted an amnesty, he returned to his native village, where he first worked as an ordinary builder, and after some time took the position of head of a construction plant.

The politician's mother was a simple dressmaker.

Education of a future political leader

9 years after the birth of the boy, the family moved to the city of Berezniki. Here he started going to high school. The future first president of Russia was for a long time. But it is extremely difficult to call him a model student. Teachers remembered him as a pugnacious and restless boy.

Due to the presence of these qualities, the first serious problem arose in the life of Boris Nikolaevich. While playing with his peers, the future famous politician found an unexploded German grenade. This find interested him very much, and he made an attempt to disassemble it. As a result, Boris Yeltsin lost several fingers on his hand.

Later, this became the reason that the well-known first president of Russia never served in the army. After graduating from school, he became one of the students at the Ural Polytechnic Institute, which he successfully graduated from and received the specialty of civil engineer. Despite the missing fingers on his hand, Boris Nikolaevich became a master of sports in volleyball.

Career politician

After graduating from university, the future president of Russia became an employee of the Sverdlovsk construction trust. It was here that he first became a representative of the CPSU party, which had a positive impact on his career advancement. First, the chief engineer, and soon the director of the Sverdlovsk DSK, Boris Nikolaevich, quite often attended various party congresses.

In 1963, at one of the meetings, he became a member of the Kirov district committee of the CPSU. And after some time, Boris Yeltsin represented the Sverdlovsk Regional Committee of the CPSU. His party position included overseeing housing construction issues. But the career of the future great politician was rapidly gaining momentum.

In 1975, the one who was the first president of Russia holds the position of secretary of the Sverdlovsk regional committee of the CPSU. And after just a year, he already held the position of chief secretary of this political organization. This position belonged to him for nine years.

During this time, issues directly related to food supply were resolved in the Sverdlovsk region. Tickets for milk and other types of goods were abolished, and some poultry factories and farms began to operate. In addition, it was because of Boris Yeltsin’s initiative that the construction of the metro began in Sverdlovsk. Cultural and sports complexes were also built.

After this time, Yeltsin becomes a representative, and over time he is appointed to the position of people's deputy and Chairman

Being in fact the leader of Soviet Russia, he very seriously and categorically criticized the communist system, which his voters could not help but notice. In addition, the future president earned respect among them after signing the Declaration of Sovereignty. This document legally established the supremacy of Russian laws over Soviet ones.

When on December 8, 1991, the President of the Soviet Socialist Republic, Mikhail Gorbachev, was isolated and effectively removed from power, the future first President of Russia, the leader of the RSFSR, was one of the signatories of the agreement on this event took place in Belovezhskaya Pushcha with the assistance of the leaders of Ukraine and Belarus.

This was the beginning of the career of the leader of independent Russia.

Presidential career

After the collapse of the USSR, many problems arose in the Russian state, the solution of which fell on the shoulders of Boris Yeltsin. During the first years of independence, multiple problematic economic phenomena and sharp appeals from the population occurred. The name of the first president of Russia is inextricably linked with the bloody military conflicts that began at that time on the territory of the Russian Federation and beyond its borders.

The conflict with Tatarstan was resolved peacefully. At the same time, resolving the issue with the Chechen people, who want to get rid of the status of a union autonomous republic and part of the Russian Federation, could not do without armed conflicts. Thus began the war in the Caucasus.

End of career

The presence of a large number of problems significantly lowered Yeltsin's rating. But despite this, in 1996 he still remained president for a second term. His competitors then were V. Zhirinovsky and

The country continued to experience many crisis phenomena related to the political and economic systems. The first president of Russia was ill, his rating did not rise. The combination of all these factors led to Boris Yeltsin resigning on December 31, 1999. After him, Vladimir Putin took the chair.

After his resignation, the great politician was destined to live only eight years. His heart disease has become chronic. This provoked the death of the great on April 23, 2007. The first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin buried at the Novodevichy cemetery, which is located on the territory of Moscow.

Nowadays, there is a university named after the first president of Russia.

Presidential elections - 1991

On June 12, 1991, the presidential elections of the RSFSR took place. This was the only election in which citizens voted for president and vice president on the same ballot, following the American model. Many candidates were nominated for the post of head of state, but in reality only 10 couples submitted documents to the CEC. Boris Gromov, who later became “number two” under Nikolai Ryzhkov, initially ran for the main position, as did Albert Makashov’s “partner” - Alexey Sergeev.

Pairs of candidates were required to submit 100 thousand signatures to the CEC. Everyone did this except Vladimir Zhirinovsky, who took advantage of the legal opportunity and requested the support of people's deputies. For Zhirinovsky to become a candidate, at least 20% of those elected had to support him.

Candidates:

for president - Boris Yeltsin, 60 years old, Chairman of the Supreme Council of the RSFSR; for vice president - Alexander Rutskoy, 43 years old, chairman of the committee of the Supreme Council of the RSFSR, colonel, - non-partisan, with the support of democratic forces;

for president - Nikolai Ryzhkov, 62 years old, former chairman of the USSR Council of Ministers; for vice president - Boris Gromov, 47 years old, First Deputy Minister of Internal Affairs of the USSR, People's Deputy of the USSR, Colonel General, Communist Party of the RSFSR;

for president - Vladimir Zhirinovsky, 45 years old, politician; for vice president - Andrey Zavidia, 38 years old, president of the Galand concern, - LDPSS;

for president - Aman Tuleyev, 47 years old, chairman of the Kemerovo Regional Council of People's Deputies, people's deputy of the RSFSR; for vice president - Viktor Bocharov, 57 years old, head of the Kuzbassshakhtostroy plant, people's deputy of the RSFSR, non-party;

for president - Albert Makashov, 53 years old, commander of the Volga-Ural Military District, People's Deputy of the USSR, Colonel General; for vice president - Alexey Sergeev, 60 years old, head of the department of the Academy of Labor and Social Relations, Communist Party of the RSFSR;

for president - Vadim Bakatin, 53 years old, former Minister of Internal Affairs of the USSR; for vice president - Ramazan Abdulatipov, 44 years old, chairman of the Council of Nationalities of the Supreme Council of the RSFSR, non-partisan.

The elections were held according to the absolute majority system.

The turnout was 74.70%.

On July 10, 1991, Boris Yeltsin became president of the RSFSR, and Alexander Rutskoi took the position of vice president.

Presidential elections - 1996

The first round took place on June 16. The Central Election Commission registered 78 initiative groups to nominate presidential candidates. 16 groups were able to collect the million signatures required by law. As a result, the Central Election Commission registered nine candidates, seven were rejected. Six of them appealed this decision to the Supreme Court, which eventually decided to register two more. One of the candidates was Aman Tuleyev. On the eve of the elections, he withdrew his candidacy and called on his supporters to vote for the leader of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation Gennady Zyuganov.

Candidates:

Boris Yeltsin, 65, current Russian president;

Gennady Zyuganov, 51 years old, Communist Party of the Russian Federation;

Alexander Lebed, 46 years old, Congress of Russian Communities;

Grigory Yavlinsky, 44 years old, Yabloko party;

Vladimir Zhirinovsky, 50 years old, LDPR;

Svyatoslav Fedorov, 68 years old, ophthalmologist, Workers' Self-Government Party;

Mikhail Gorbachev, 65, former President of the USSR;

Martin Shukkum, 44, Socialist People's Party;

Yuri Vlasov, 60 years old, weightlifter, ex-State Duma deputy;

Vladimir Bryntsalov, 59 years old, businessman, Russian Socialist Party.

The turnout in the first round was 69.81%.

To win in the first round, a candidate had to receive 50% of the votes. Since none of them could do this, a second round was announced, which took place on July 3, 1996.

During the second, the turnout there was 68.88%.

Boris Yeltsin was re-elected President of Russia for a second term.

Presidential elections - 2000

On December 31, 1999, New Year's Eve, Boris Yeltsin announced his resignation, six months before the end of his presidential term. In accordance with the law, in this case, early elections should have taken place within three months. On January 5, 2000, the Federation Council scheduled a vote for March 26. The Central Election Commission registered 28 initiative groups that nominated candidates for the post of head of state. Another five were nominated by electoral associations. The number of required signatures, due to the tight deadlines for submitting documents, was halved - from one million to 500 thousand signatures. 15 headquarters were able to present them. As a result, the CEC registered 12 people. Five days before the elections, one of the contenders, Yevgeny Sevastyanov, withdrew his candidacy in favor of Yabloko leader Grigory Yavlinsky.

Candidates:

Vladimir Putin, 47, Russian Prime Minister, self-nominated;

Gennady Zyuganov, 55 years old, Communist Party of the Russian Federation;

Grigory Yavlinsky, 47 years old, Yabloko party;

Aman Tuleyev, 55 years old, governor of the Kemerovo region, self-nominated candidate;

Vladimir Zhirinovsky, 53 years old, LDPR;

Konstantin Titov, 55 years old, governor of the Samara region, Russian Party of Social Democracy, Union of Right Forces;

Ella Pamfilova, 46 years old, socio-political movement “For Civic Dignity”;

Stanislav Govorukhin, 64 years old, film director, “Fatherland - All Russia” party;

Yuri Skuratov, 47, former Prosecutor General of Russia;

Alexey Podberezkin, 47 years old, socio-political movement “Spiritual Heritage”;

Umar Dzhabrailov, 41 years old, businessman.

On March 26, 2000, elections took place. Vladimir Putin, having overcome the 50 percent barrier, was elected President of the Russian Federation.

The turnout was 68.64%.

Presidential elections - 2004

A peculiarity of the 2004 presidential elections was that the leaders of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation and the Liberal Democratic Party of Russia, Gennady Zyuganov and Vladimir Zhirinovsky, did not participate in them. Instead, the parties fielded “newcomers”: Nikolai Kharitonov and Oleg Malyshkin. Yabloko leader Grigory Yavlinsky also did not run. As a result, the CEC registered six candidates. Six more were unable to obtain registration: multimillionaire, chairman of the public organization “All-Russian Party of the People” Anzori Aksentyev-Kikalishvili; businessman Vladimir Bryntsalov; ex-head of the Central Bank, nominated by the Party of Russian Regions (now A Just Russia), Viktor Gerashchenko; public figure Ivan Rybkin; Chairman of the public movement “For Social Justice” Igor Smykov and the odious businessman German Sterligov.

Candidates:

Vladimir Putin, 51, current president of Russia, self-nominated candidate;

Nikolai Kharitonov, 55 years old, Communist Party of the Russian Federation;

Sergei Glazyev, 43 years old, self-nominated candidate;

Irina Khakamada, 49 years old, SPS, “Our Choice”;

Oleg Malyshkin, 52 years old, LDPR;

Sergei Mironov, 51, chairman of the Federation Council, was nominated by the Russian Party of Life.

The turnout was 64.38%.

Presidential elections - 2008

According to the Russian Constitution, Vladimir Putin could no longer run for the post of president of the country. He officially supported the nomination of the United Russia candidate, Prime Minister Dmitry Medvedev, for the post of head of state. This choice was supported by the parties “A Just Russia”, “Civil Power”, “Agrarian Party” and “Greens”. The Central Election Commission registered four presidential candidates. 14 people received refusals, including the leader of the Russian People's Democratic Union and the People for Democracy and Justice party, Mikhail Kasyanov. The defects in the signature lists that he provided to the CEC amounted to 13.36% instead of the permissible level of 5%. The world chess champion, one of the leaders of the “Other Russia” coalition, Garry Kasparov, was also not registered. The congress of the initiative group putting forward it did not take place.

Candidates:

Dmitry Medvedev, 42 years old, first deputy prime minister, United Russia party;

Gennady Zyuganov, 63 years old, Communist Party of the Russian Federation;

Vladimir Zhirinovsky, 61 years old, LDPR;

Andrey Bogdanov, 38 years old, self-nominated candidate supported by the Democratic Party of Russia;

According to PACE representatives, the results of the 2008 elections reflect the will of the people. “The people of Russia voted for stability and continuity, which is associated with the current president and the candidate he supports. The elected president will have a solid mandate from the majority of Russians,” stated observers from the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe.

The turnout was 69.6%.

Presidential elections - 2012

On March 4, 2012, the next presidential elections in Russia took place. Dmitry Medvedev decided not to participate in the elections; Vladimir Putin became the main candidate for the post of head of state. In total, the Central Election Commission registered five candidates. Among others, the leader of the unregistered Other Russia party, Eduard Limonov, and a member of the Yabloko political committee, Grigory Yavlinsky, received refusals due to violations of the procedure.

Candidates:

Vladimir Putin, 59 years old, non-party, nominated by United Russia;

Gennady Zyuganov, 67 years old, Communist Party of the Russian Federation;

Mikhail Prokhorov, 46 years old, businessman, self-nominated candidate;

Vladimir Zhirinovsky, 65 years old, LDPR;

Sergei Mironov, 59 years old, “A Just Russia”.

In all regions of Russia, Vladimir Putin took first place. Moreover, in Chechnya, Dagestan, Ingushetia and several other regions, he received more than 90% of the votes. Only in Moscow did Putin fail to overcome the 50% barrier, gaining 46.95%.

The election results were announced on March 5. On the same day, President-elect Vladimir Putin was congratulated by the leaders of Syria and Iran, Bashar al-Assad and Mahmoud Ahmadinejad. On March 10, the head of state received congratulations from the owner of the White House, Barack Obama. On May 7, 2012, the president officially took office.

The political career of Russian President Vladimir Putin began in May 1990, with his appointment to the post of adviser to the chairman of the Leningrad City Council of People's Deputies under the leadership of Anatoly Sobchak. Already on June 12 of the same year, he became chairman of the external relations committee of the Leningrad mayor's office. He is responsible for attracting investment to St. Petersburg, cooperation with foreign companies and organizing joint ventures, as well as developing tourism. Putin's presidential term will begin only in 10 years, but more on that later.

Since 1993, the head of St. Petersburg, Anatoly Sobchak, began to leave Putin as deputy in charge of city affairs during his trips abroad. Already by 1994, the future president showed himself so well that it was decided to appoint him to the post of first deputy chairman of the government of St. Petersburg while retaining the position of head of the committee for external relations. The range of duties and responsibilities expanded rapidly.

Since August 1996, Putin moved to Moscow at the invitation of Pavel Borodin to the post of manager of the affairs of the President of the Russian Federation and within two years he received a promotion to deputy head of the presidential administration, and also became the head of the Main Control Directorate, having removed Alexei Kudrin from his post.

By 1998, Putin was already responsible for working with the regions. In the same year, his effective work led to him occupying the post of director of the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation. In the spring of 1999, he received the post of Secretary of the Security Council. Less than a year remains until Putin begins his term as president of Russia.

According to sources, the first conversations about Putin becoming president began in early May 1999. In August 1999, Vladimir Vladimirovich became first deputy and acting chairman of the government of the Russian Federation. On August 9, Boris Yeltsin officially announces his successor for the first time. Talks about the transfer of power started twice - December 14 and December 29. At first, Putin replied that he was not ready for such a decision, but later he was forced to agree and on December 31, Boris Yeltsin announced his resignation and the complete transfer of powers to his successor.

Thus, Vladimir Putin’s unofficial term begins on December 31, 1999 - he holds the position of acting president of the Russian Federation. Officially, Putin's first presidential term begins on March 26, 2000 - on that day he won the first round of elections with 52.49% of the vote.

Putin's first and second presidential terms

Putin's first term as president stretched from 2000 all the way to 2008. As mentioned above, in the first presidential elections in which he participated, he received 52.49% of the votes. The elections held in 2004 were able to demonstrate that over the past four years, voters were convinced that the choice in favor of Putin was made correctly. Thus, self-nominated Putin began his second term as president with a victory of 71.31% of the Russian vote.

The next presidential elections were held in 2008, but Vladimir Putin did not participate in them; according to the Constitution of the Russian Federation, he did not have the right to run for the post of head of state for the third time in a row. Instead, the guarantor of the Constitution, together with the United Russia party, proposed the candidacy of Dmitry Medvedev, who won the vote with 70.28%. Putin took the post of Prime Minister of Russia, where he remained until 2012. In 2012, he began his third term as head of the Russian Federation.

Putin's third presidential term

As noted above, Vladimir Putin’s third term as president began in 2012. Shortly before the elections, an amendment was made to the Constitution of the Russian Federation, according to which the presidential term was increased from four to six years. That year, Putin won the elections due to the fact that 71.31% of Russians voted for his candidacy. The United Russia party was then responsible for nominating Putin for the presidency, which today is perhaps the most powerful party in modern Russia thanks to the majority of seats in the Russian government.

Three years after the elections, political scientists in Russia and other countries around the world decided to take stock of the successes Putin has achieved during his reign. Despite the fact that Putin's presidential terms lasted only 12 years, in total Vladimir Vladimirovich was in power for 15 years, including four years as Prime Minister of the Russian Federation. A kind of anniversary fell on May 7, 2015 - this day became the half of Putin’s third term as President of the Russian Federation, in addition, it was on May 7, 2000 that the first inauguration of President Putin took place.

Even then, on May 7, 2015, political scientists predicted that the head of state would run again in 2018. But, as we know, at the beginning of December 2017, Vladimir Putin had not announced his intention to participate in the elections.

Some political scientists, speaking about Putin’s term as president and what results Vladimir Vladimirovich achieved during this time as head of state, noted that such a concept as the “Putin phenomenon” has appeared in the world, which has become a personalized response to the people’s expectations from authorities. As Franz Klintsevich, the first deputy head of the United Russia faction and now the first deputy chairman of the Committee on Defense and Security of the Federation Council of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation, noted at the time, at the beginning of the 21st century, the “Putin phenomenon” meant the fight against oligarchic capitalism and the return of the state to the social sphere. These same factors led to Putin's victory in the presidential elections in subsequent years. At the same time, Klintsevich called the reformatting of relations between the government and society the leading trend of Putin’s current term.

As Vladimir Slatinov, a professor at the Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration under the President, noted in 2015, Putin, despite the fact that his term in power has already crossed the 15-year mark, is in excellent physical and intellectual shape, which cannot be said about those who have been in power for a long time. the helm of the board of Soviet general secretaries. The events of a year ago at that time - the aggravation of relations with Ukraine, the return of Crimea to the Russian Federation, anti-Russian sanctions imposed by Western countries - all this led to the fact that Putin, in his third presidential term, demonstrated colossal composure and great activity. After all, all of the above could have shaken the country, but in the end, thanks to Putin’s competent policies, it led to the fact that the Russian economy only strengthened, and Russia’s position in the international political arena became the agenda of many Western politicians.

An opponent of the President of the Russian Federation in political terms, the leader of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation Gennady Zyuganov, summing up the 15th anniversary of Putin’s presidential term, noted that the head of state “turned the ship of state in favor of national interests,” and also began to pursue a more balanced patriotic policy that enjoys the support of the country’s population . The high support of Russians and their approval of the president’s activities throughout Putin’s presidential and prime minister term also demonstrates the correctness of the chosen course.

Data from public opinion polls on the activities of the President of the Russian Federation "Levada Center"

Despite the fact that today Vladimir Vladimirovich has been at the helm of the country for 17 years, not everyone knows what Putin’s presidential term is now. In fact, it’s the third one. Some Russians overlook the period when the head of state was the head of the Government as Prime Minister in the period from 2008 to 2012.

The end of Putin's presidential term: what's next

According to the Central Election Commission, the Russian presidential elections are scheduled for March 18, 2018. The same date will be the day when Putin’s third term as president ends. Whether he will run again is not yet known. This question is currently one of the most pressing among Russian and Western political scientists.

The President is the highest person of the state, vested with a wide range of powers. Any capable citizen of the Russian Federation who is at least 35 years old and has lived in the country for more than 10 years can be elected President of the Russian Federation. The President is elected by popular vote for a term of 4 years. He cannot be elected to his post more than two times in a row.

The first president of Russia (originally the RSFSR) was Boris Nikolaevich Yeltsin. He assumed this position after the country's first popular presidential elections, held in June 1991. He was elected to this post again in 1996, and in 1999 resigned at his own request. Until the next elections, held in 2000, V.V., who held the post of head of government, was appointed acting president. Putin.
Upon taking office, the President of the Russian Federation, in the presence of members of the Federation Council, deputies of the State Duma and judges of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation, takes the following oath to the people: “When exercising the powers of the President of the Russian Federation, I swear to respect and protect the rights and freedoms of man and citizen, to observe and defend the Constitution of the Russian Federation , protect the sovereignty and independence, security and integrity of the state, faithfully serve the people.”

According to the Constitution of the Russian Federation, the president is entrusted with the responsibilities of protecting the state sovereignty of the country, its independence and integrity, ensuring interaction between government bodies, resolving issues of citizenship, awarding state awards, and the right to pardon. The President is the guarantor of the Constitution, that is, he ensures compliance with all its provisions by all citizens of the country. The President is also the Supreme Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. He has the right in a certain situation to introduce a state of war or a state of emergency on the territory of the country or in its individual parts. The President (with the consent of the State Duma) is the Prime Minister of the Russian Federation and approves members of the government. He also decides on its dissolution, as well as the dissolution of the State Duma in cases specified by the Constitution.

The President of the Russian Federation may terminate the exercise of his powers early at his own request or in case of inability to fulfill his powers for health reasons. He can be removed from office through a special procedure (impeachment) for high treason or committing other serious crimes defined by law.

The official residence of the President of the Russian Federation is located in Moscow. The symbol of presidential power is the standard, which is a square cloth in the colors of the State Flag of the Russian Federation with a golden image of the State Emblem in the center. A silver bracket with the engraved surname, first name and patronymic of the President and the dates of his tenure in this post is fixed on the shaft of the standard.

Currently, the post of President of the Russian Federation is held by Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin. In August 1999, he was appointed Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation, and from December 31, 1999 (after B.N. Yeltsin resigned) acting President of the Russian Federation. On March 26, 2000, he was elected President of the Russian Federation (took office on May 7, 2000). On March 14, 2004, he was elected for a second term.