The recovery period after any surgical intervention requires compliance with certain restrictions. Of course, you should significantly reduce the intensity of physical activity and make small adjustments to your usual wardrobe. But there is no reason to deny yourself the pleasure of traveling!
Is it possible to fly on an airplane after mammoplasty? Can! The quality of modern prostheses and new surgical techniques allow women to minimize the number of unpleasant restrictions.
Traveling by air transport in itself evokes a lot of interesting sensations. The feeling of flight and the incredible view from the window are attracting more and more travelers.
Don't forget about business flights. After all, many women who have decided to do this do not want to take long breaks in their careers. Modern quality prostheses are no longer “afraid” of pressure changes. The density of the shell allows you to keep the contents of the implant inside without causing any special difficulties. And in order for the prosthesis to be damaged, something more serious must happen than a several hour flight.
Even if you decide to travel on an airplane after mammoplasty, you must remember to follow important rules. To prevent the occurrence of postoperative inflammatory processes, it is necessary to take a course of broad-spectrum antibiotics. And it is important to take them at strictly defined hours in order to maintain the concentration of the active substance at the proper level. And it’s so easy to forget about this in the hectic change of time zones!
Until 2-3 weeks, it is forbidden to lift weights that exceed 2-3 kilograms. This means that the contents of your hand luggage must be carefully considered. And the luggage itself must be carried by another person. Another point is related to raising your arms - this is strictly prohibited for 10 days after the operation. It is important to remember this every minute!
The times when pressure changes had a negative impact on the condition of implants are long gone! And the idea that they burst at great heights or depths even makes plastic surgeons laugh. Experts fear something completely different.
Air travel is associated with increased stress on a woman’s body. The prostheses themselves are strong enough to withstand any changes in pressure and movement. Doctors are more concerned about the condition of their own tissues and their restoration. Therefore, to the question: “when can you fly after mammoplasty,” experienced plastic surgeons do not have a universal answer. Each person's body is individual!
A long flight with time zone changes is stressful! And how the body, weakened by surgical intervention, will tolerate it is difficult to predict. Therefore, it is better to save energy for recovery in the first few weeks after surgery.
The time for New Year's holidays is approaching. It's time to take care of your health and start the new year 2017 with new strength and good spirits. Where should I start? Have you ever thought about your vision? How much does it prevent you from living a full life? How, where and when is it better to have laser vision correction? What restrictions must be observed after surgery? These questions are answered by ophthalmologist, surgeon Roman Mikhailovich Pankratov.
– Roman Mikhailovich, what time of year is best to carry out laser correction?
– Let me make a reservation right away that there are two methods of laser vision correction – photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) and laser keratomileusis (LASIK). The second operation has a number of advantages, since after it there is a much shorter rehabilitation period, less likelihood of complications and more stable results. Therefore, in the vast majority of cases we perform this operation. There are situations when LASIK cannot be performed, and in this case we do PRK. These operations have different contraindications, different rehabilitation periods and, accordingly, different restrictions. But since 99% of the time we do LASIK, today we will talk about this operation.
As for the choice of time of year for the operation, it does not matter at all. Neither low or high temperature, nor sunlight, nor snow affect the result of the operation. After LASIK, the surgical area heals within 4-5 hours. During this time, the eye usually hurts, waters, and reacts to light. Therefore, we recommend spending these hours at home. In the evening you can go outside without fear that something will happen to your eye.
– What restrictions should be observed after laser correction?
– There really aren’t that many restrictions. And we recommend following them for only 2 weeks after surgery. The most important thing is not to rub your eyes with your hands and not to squint too much, as this can displace the valve formed during the operation, which will lead to decreased vision, pain, and will require repeated surgery. But our patients can easily cope with this. There is no need to be afraid that the valve will move during sleep or accidentally touching the eye. The valve can only be damaged if you rub your eye or squint too hard.
We also recommend limiting visual stress. It is to limit, not to exclude! After the operation, the very next day you can work at the computer, read books, watch TV, and drive a car. But at the same time, your eyes will get tired, and the image may blur. Therefore, you should give your eyes rest. We also do not limit the time spent on the computer - everything is individual. Some people can easily spend 4-5 hours at the computer the very next day after surgery, while others’ eyes begin to hurt within 10 minutes. The result of the operation does not depend on visual stress after it!
As for physical activity, after the operation you can do everything that you do in normal life - carry bags, lift children. Only very large, extreme physical activity should be limited. And not because they can cause “something to burst” in the eye. The thing is that when lifting heavy weights, you involuntarily “help” yourself by starting to strain the facial muscles of the face. Look at weightlifters at competitions - when lifting the barbell, they begin to grin or puff out their cheeks and squint their eyes. And the latter cannot be done after surgery.
Limiting sports activities is also aimed at not damaging the surgical area. Therefore, team (football, volleyball, basketball) and contact (wrestling, boxing) sports should be limited. Light physical activity in the gym, fitness, running, cycling are possible the very next day after surgery.
Once again I would like to draw your attention to the fact that it is enough to observe the restrictions for two weeks. In two weeks you can do absolutely everything! And yet, we prescribe drops for two weeks after the operation. But this can be done at home, at work, at the dacha, and while traveling.
– Is it possible to fly on an airplane after surgery?
– Yes, you can fly on an airplane the very next day after the operation. Changing atmospheric pressure will not affect the result in any way. However, after surgery the eye becomes more susceptible to various types of infections, so we prescribe antibacterial drops for one week as a preventative measure. During this period, a change in climate zone, acclimatization, frequent exposure to drafts or air conditioners, and water procedures can lead to inflammation of the eye. Therefore, if you plan to travel to warm regions, we recommend doing this 1 week after laser correction. It is important that you should not dive with your eyes open for 2 weeks after surgery. Swimming in the sea or an outdoor pool is possible, diving with a mask or sealed goggles is also possible. Therefore, with proper planning and following the restrictions, you will be able to see all the colors of both the south and our beautiful winter without glasses or contact lenses.
Roman Mikhailovich studied to work with excimer lasers at the Scientific and Pedagogical Center “Eye Microsurgery” (Moscow) under the strict guidance of professionals. He has been working at the Ophthalmological Laser Clinic since 2008, and the number of laser vision correction operations performed since then has exceeded 7,000. You can trust the experience of a professional in his field, read real patient reviews on the website.
The pressure in the cabin can affect the passenger’s well-being due to the development of hypobaric hypoxia (insufficient oxygen saturation of the blood) with existing respiratory diseases and heart failure. In addition, changes in pressure lead to the expansion of gases in various body cavities, which also causes some discomfort.
Commercial airlines fly at an altitude of 7010-12498 m above sea level, and cabin pressure is set at an altitude of 1524-2438 m, otherwise only a few healthy people would survive such a flight. Sudden ascents, even to such a height, can cause headaches, dizziness, nausea and a feeling of weakness even in healthy passengers. The fact is that at an altitude of 2438 m, the partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood drops from 95 to 60 mm Hg. Art. In a healthy passenger, the saturation of hemoglobin with oxygen decreases by only 3-4%, but passengers with the listed pathologies develop more pronounced hypoxia.
Thus, 18% of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease experience moderate respiratory distress syndrome during such flights. These passengers may require supplemental oxygen. Unfortunately, not all airlines provide it. On all Russian airlines it is prohibited to carry oxygen, even to doctors accompanying seriously ill patients. On foreign airlines, since 2005, passengers, on doctor’s orders, can independently carry cans of oxygen concentrate.
According to the Boyle-Marriott law, gas confined in closed cavities will expand as it rises to height. This is why, by the way, bottles of shampoos and creams taken on the road leak. For healthy passengers, all this physics results only in minor abdominal pain and stuffy ears. But a person with a runny nose is already at risk of developing otitis media. With colds, the Eustachian tube, which connects the pharynx with the inner ear and equalizes the pressure in it when rising to a height, is inflamed, its lumen is narrowed, or even “glued together.” When there is a sharp change in external atmospheric pressure, it is enough for a healthy person to make a yawning, chewing or sucking movement (this is why caramels are sometimes handed out on airplanes), and the lumen of the Eustachian tube into the pharynx opens, which quickly eliminates congestion in the ear. In the case of a cold, this does not always help, and then you can resort to the Valsalva maneuver: exhale with your mouth closed and your nose pinched. For the same reasons, a cold after a flight can worsen with sinusitis. Therefore, passengers with a runny nose are advised to use vasoconstrictor drops (for example, based on oxymetazoline) before takeoff and landing. Infants can be given a bottle or pacifier - this stimulates swallowing and helps equalize pressure in the ears and sinuses.
Due to the same mechanisms, bloating and abdominal pain can occur. Therefore, it is not recommended to drink a lot of carbonated drinks before a flight.
During some surgical and diagnostic procedures, air is introduced into the body cavity (surgeries on the abdomen, chest, some eye surgeries). If you plan to fly a few days after such an operation, be sure to consult with a specialist.
Deep vein thrombosis
A truly serious danger to life is deep vein thrombosis, which can develop in a passenger who has been sitting for many hours. Contraction of the leg muscles ensures normal venous outflow from the legs. Prolonged immobility leads to stagnation of blood in the veins and can lead to thrombosis. Blood clots that form in veins are in most cases small in size and do not pose a problem. Larger blood clots can lead to swelling and tenderness in the lower legs. If a fragment of a blood clot breaks off and is carried into the lungs by the bloodstream (this is called an embolism), shortness of breath, chest pain, and in severe cases can even result in death. Thromboembolism of the pulmonary arteries does not appear immediately, but several hours or days after the flight.
Studies show that eight-hour or longer flights increase the risk of thromboembolism by approximately 4 times. In general, the risk increases even with 4-hour flights.
The risk of thromboembolism increases if the following factors are present:
Repeated flight within the last 2 weeks
Thrombosis in the past
Thromboembolism in a close relative
Use of estrogen-containing contraceptives
Pregnancy
Recent injury or surgery (especially abdominal, pelvic, or lower extremity surgery)
Presence of malignant tumors
Congenital pathology of the blood coagulation system
Drink plenty
Avoid alcohol and caffeinated drinks (coffee, Coca-Cola, etc.)
Change your position in the chair, or even better, get up regularly and walk around the cabin
Do exercises that force your calf muscles to contract
Cosmic radiation
At high altitudes, the level of cosmic radiation increases, so in 1991 the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) began to consider cosmic radiation as an occupational risk factor for crew members. With annual total exposure to more than 20 mSv, the risk of developing breast or skin cancer may increase. As for passengers, even frequent fliers, to date, no significant effect of cosmic radiation on their health has been discovered.
Desynchronosis
In English, the term jet lag is very popular, which is translated into Russian as “desynchronosis,” known only to specialists. We are talking about disrupted daily biorhythms due to sudden changes in time zones. Many of us know that long flights can cause weakness, drowsiness or insomnia, constipation, decreased performance and poor health. To fit into a new time zone, on average, a healthy person needs a day for every hour of difference when flying to the west and a day and a half when flying to the east.
To alleviate the effects of desynchronosis, follow these recommendations:
Before traveling east, try going to bed an hour earlier than usual for 3 days before your flight. Before flying west, on the contrary, go to bed an hour later 3 days before.
Do not drink caffeinated drinks during the flight
In a new place, try to fall asleep for at least 4 hours at a new night time - this will speed up the resetting of the biological clock.
Melatonin-based drugs remain the gold standard in the treatment of desynchronosis. Melatonin is a hormone of the pineal gland that regulates circadian rhythms depending on the length of daylight hours. Melatonin preparations are recommended for use when crossing 5 or more time zones, and they begin to take it 2-3 days before the flight. If you have epilepsy or are taking warfarin, do not use melatonin without consulting your doctor. New, more effective drugs have also appeared that have not yet been registered in the Russian Federation, such as agomelatine (an agonist of melanin and serotonin 5-HT receptors) and ramelteon (an agonist of melatonin receptors).
If you are in a new place for less than 3 days, there is no need to try to adjust to local time.
Special groups of passengers
Each airline may have different requirements, and the captain has the right to refuse travel to any passenger, even if he has a ticket. An indicative list of contraindications for flying is as follows:
Newborns less than 7 days old
Pregnancy over 36 weeks
Coronary heart disease with painful attacks at rest
All serious and/or acute infectious diseases
Decompression sickness
Increased intracranial pressure caused by hemorrhage, trauma, or infection
Myocardial infarction or stroke 7-10 days before the flight
Recent surgery on the abdominal or thoracic cavities, on the skull, on the eyes - i.e. all operations that involve introducing air into a closed body cavity
Severe respiratory illness, shortness of breath at rest, pneumothorax (air in the chest cavity above the lung)
Sickle cell anemia
Exacerbation of mental illness
Passengers with these conditions can only fly on commercial aircraft if accompanied by medical personnel.
Regarding first aid on board, I note that in accordance with British, Canadian and American legislation, passenger doctors are not required to save passengers if they develop any life-threatening condition. In Australia and many countries in Europe, Asia and the Middle East, on the contrary, a doctor on board is required to provide medical care. In any case, during international flights, a medical professional cannot be held liable for the medical care provided on board, within the limits of his knowledge and experience, even if it was provided incorrectly.
On board any airliner there is always a first aid kit, equipped according to the standard of the country to which the aircraft belongs. All crew members are required to have first aid skills for acute abdominal pain, acute mental agitation, anaphylactic reaction, chest pain (suspicion of myocardial infarction), bronchial asthma attack, cardiac arrest, hypoglycemia, convulsive seizure, loss of consciousness. The quality of first aid training varies from country to country. Unfortunately, I have to admit that in Russia it leaves much to be desired.
In situations where a patient requires placement of implants on the sides of the upper jaw, a sinus lift procedure may most likely be required. This is due to the fact that there is often a lack of bone tissue in the places where the inserts are attached due to previous periodontal diseases, trauma to the jaw or long-term absence of teeth. Modern technologies make it possible to carry out implantation regardless of the amount of remaining bone material, which allows each patient to restore normal functioning of the oral cavity.
Sinus lifting is an artificial increase in the volume of bone on the alveolar process in the area of the upper jaw to the size necessary for attaching an implant. Due to the specific structure of the upper jaw, namely the presence of large voids (maxillary sinuses), it becomes possible to create the necessary space for prosthetics.
Practice shows that in 55-70% of cases patients have a lack of bone tissue, so bone augmentation is required. In addition, over time, bones, like muscles, can atrophy and decrease in volume. In all these cases, a sinus lift is indicated if there are no other restrictions.
Installation of dental elements can take place in two ways: open and closed. The first is carried out if the bone size is less than 7 mm in width, the second - from 7-8 mm.
Open sinus lifting involves:
A closed operation implies:
Regardless of the type of procedure prescribed, the patient must undergo a high-quality preliminary examination and preparation.
Compliance with these rules will prevent the augmented bone from moving and will protect it from infections and inflammation. It is believed that the recovery period lasts until the bone material has completely engrafted, and it is individual for each patient. On average it ranges from 4 to 9 months. The following complications may occur after implantation:
Many patients do not attach much importance to some of the attending physician’s prohibitions. Unfortunately, the consequences can be really serious. Thus, drinking alcohol can slow down the wound healing process, and solid food can dislodge the implant and destroy bone material. But few people know that it is fraught with serious complications. There are several reasons for poor health:
It is worth understanding each of them in more detail.
A flight, even a short one, quite often causes feelings of anxiety, fear and sometimes reaches the point of panic. Experiencing severe stress, a person is very harmful to his health - the capillaries begin to significantly increase in size and can burst. As a result, hematomas, blue discoloration or pallor appear. If a short time has passed after sinus surgery and the wounds have not had time to heal, then due to fear of flying, the blood supply to the tissues in the area of the maxillary sinuses may be disrupted. You may end up with severe headaches, bleeding, or misalignment of the implants.
Changes in atmospheric pressure during takeoff and landing are the second reason to avoid flying for a certain period. The maxillary sinuses are small chambers filled with air. It is precisely due to the displacement of the mucous membrane that the sinus lift procedure occurs. In normal times, the anastomosis has normal patency, so the pressure has time to change without any special consequences for the person. In our case, the patency of the anastomosis has not yet had time to recover. The patient begins to feel nasal congestion, headaches and toothaches.
The third reason is oxygen levels. On airplanes there are quite often problems with the sufficiency of oxygen in the air. If the brain lacks it, hypoxia begins. Many people do not know that high-altitude hypoxia, together with any dental surgery, can create many problems, including:
Dry air is another problem. Rising to altitude, the body begins to lose a lot of fluid and dry mucous membranes can provoke bleeding. To restore water balance, it is recommended to drink a lot of water, moisturize the skin and treat the nasal mucosa with special products - saline solutions or Vaseline creams. But, after a sinus lift, you cannot use such remedies without a doctor’s permission, so it is better to postpone the trip for at least a week.
A sudden change in time zones makes air travel after sinus lift and bone grafting a real test. If no surgical interventions have occurred, the person feels:
In the case of osteoplasty, the patient’s immunity is already quite weakened due to the use of antibacterial drugs, so a sharp decrease in protective functions can cause severe pain and rejection of the material.
Low mobility in the aircraft cabin provokes congestion and the appearance of edema. Swelling in recently injured maxillary sinuses leads to difficulty breathing, bleeding, headaches and toothaches.
But the most important contraindication for air travel after surgery is the presence of stitches. If the dentist has not yet removed the stitches, then the primary healing process has not yet completed. Due to the enormous load on the body on an airplane, the patient’s stitches may come apart, which will lead to negative consequences: ranging from minor bleeding to death.
As mentioned earlier, the healing process for each patient is strictly individual. On average it lasts 4-9 months. As for air travel, doctors recommend:
The main reason why complications occur is non-compliance with the rules established by the jaw surgeon. In situations where the patient adheres to the recommendations, but wants to implement air travel after sinus lift and bone grafting, or feels any concern, you should immediately consult a doctor. What you should pay attention to:
Such symptoms are direct contraindications for air travel and require immediate treatment.
Sinus lifting is considered a complex surgical procedure, which requires the experience of a highly qualified dentist and the patient’s consent to comply with the rules of the recovery period.
Implantation is a universal way to solve the problem of missing teeth. With its help, you can restore the area locally without grinding down adjacent teeth for dentures. In addition, implants look aesthetically pleasing. The main advantage of such an operation is its long-lasting effect. Artificial bone tissue can last for the rest of your life without ever requiring additional manipulation.
Installation of implants in the upper jaw in 90% of cases requires bone grafting, the good effect of which is impossible without following medical recommendations. But as a result, the patient will receive strong teeth and a healthy smile.
During my last flight, my neighbor was a woman who had undergone surgery to remove appendicitis less than a month earlier. This surprised me, because in a similar situation in the past, I was afraid of possible complications and preferred to return the purchased plane ticket. As it turned out, it was in vain. Here's what I learned about flying after surgery.
The first and most important recommendation is to consult a doctor. To identify all the risks, the doctor must know exactly where you are going, how long you will spend in the air, how you feel at the moment and whether you are experiencing pain or discomfort. Based on this information, the doctor will give an opinion on the possibility of flying and, if necessary, prescribe additional medications.
Firstly, the restriction of air travel is associated with the need for enhanced monitoring of the patient’s condition in the postoperative days and the ability to urgently provide medical care to the patient.
The second reason is the sharp pressure drop during takeoff and landing of the aircraft. Such an impact can lead to divergence of recently placed sutures. After about two weeks, the edges of the wound heal and the risk of bleeding becomes minimal. For older people, the healing time is usually longer and can be up to 30 days.
If you have to fly, you should refrain from lifting heavy objects and try to choose a flight that does not require transfers.
Heart surgeries deserve special attention. In the absence of complications and good health, the flight is possible already on the tenth day. However, doctors recommend postponing the flight for at least 4 weeks until the body is completely stabilized. It is also worth noting that when installing a pacemaker, it is necessary to avoid magnetic frames and metal detectors, since failure to comply with this recommendation may lead to malfunction of the device. Before the security check, you need to warn the airport employee about the presence of a pacemaker. In this case, passing through magnetic frames will be replaced by a personal search.
If you have suffered a heart attack or stroke, the requirements for flights become more stringent: air travel is possible no earlier than 3 weeks after the operation with stable recovery of the body. If you have had a difficult operation or have a slow recovery, it is not recommended to fly for the next six months. Also, during the flight you need to have a device for measuring blood pressure and medications recommended by your doctor.
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