Food allergies. Common food allergens: a list of foods that are dangerous for patients with hypersensitivity and increase the risk of negative reactions

Allergy is a disease that cannot be cured. However, you can take care of yourself in such a way that its manifestations are minimal or do not exist at all. To do this effectively, you need to know what most often causes sensitization. They will help us diagnostic studies, as well as knowledge of what is a potential threat.

Allergenic products

Anything can be an allergen. It happens that its role is played by components that seem practically safe, for example, apples or carrots. But most often, allergies occur as a result of consuming the following products:

1. Cow's milk, or rather its protein. Young children usually suffer from this type of allergy. Fortunately, the vast majority outgrow it. It is worth noting that cow's milk It is also harmful to older people.

1. Often we deal with intolerance milk sugar, that is, lactose. People suffering from this disease cannot consume unfermented dairy products. But yogurt, kefir, cottage cheese, buttermilk, etc. are completely safe for them.

1. A chicken egg is much more likely to sensitize the white than the yolk. If such an allergy appeared in childhood, there is a high probability that the child will outgrow it. Cooking, freezing, and baking do not reduce the allergic properties of eggs.

1. Fish and seafood- you should be very careful about this type of allergy, because it can cause severe reactions, including anaphylactic shock (characterized by sharp drop pressure and loss of consciousness). Moreover, even a small amount of allergen can cause a reaction.
   

   Fish and seafood can cause very severe allergies, including anaphylactic shock!

1. Meat - of all varieties, beef allergies occur most often, less allergenic are rabbit, turkey, and lamb meat. But be careful: if you are allergic, for example, to rabbit fur, there is a chance that you will also have to suffer from animal meat.
   

   An allergy to animal fur (rabbit, sheep) often means an allergy to meat. Be careful!

1. Vegetables and fruits (citrus fruits, kiwi, strawberries, tomatoes, celery, parsley usually cause allergies). Fortunately, in general, the reaction to fruits and vegetables is quite mild and is limited to the mouth area (the skin around the lips peels and cracks, sores appear). Many allergens are destroyed when fruits and vegetables are cooked, so they are much safer for many people in this form.

1. Legumes - This group includes soybeans and peanuts. You should know that peanuts are one of the most dangerous allergens. And if it turns out that the child is sensitive to them, then probably nothing will change with age. Peanut allergies can be very severe, caused by even small amounts, and can cause life-threatening reactions.
   

   Peanuts are one of the most dangerous food allergens.

1. Nuts - if a child has an allergy to them, it will likely remain allergic throughout his life. But you should know that the allergens present in nuts can be destroyed during cooking. On the other hand, roasting nuts is dangerous because it can introduce new allergens.

1. Cereals - usually wheat, barley, rye, oats. This is due to gluten, a protein found in these crops.
   

   In addition, it very often sensitizes cocoa, chocolate, mushrooms, mustard.

Insidious cross-allergy

• Birch pollen - pollen from hazel, alder, oak, hornbeam, beech, stone fruits (apple, pear, apricot, cherry, sweet cherry), kiwi, peach, mango, celery, carrot, poppy, pepper.
• Hazel pollen - pollen of birch, alder, oak, hornbeam, beech, walnut.
• Herbal pollen - melon, watermelon, tomato, flour (rye, wheat).
• Tree pollen - celery, carrots, spices.
• Ticks house dust– crustaceans: shrimp, crabs, oysters, snails.
• Feather - chicken eggs, chicken meat.
• The cat's fur is pork.
• Natural latex - banana, avocado, kiwi, papaya, pineapple, melon, mango, chestnut, almond, grapefruit, celery, potato, tomato, carrot, Bell pepper, spinach, lettuce, spices.
• Cow's milk - goat's milk, sheep's milk, beef.
• Apple - apricot, peach, pear, plum, cherry, sweet cherry, rowan, black currant.
• Parsley - anise, celery, dill, caraway seeds, carrots, parsnips.
• Cucumbers – melon, pumpkin, watermelon, zucchini.
• Onions - garlic, leeks, asparagus.
• Wheat - other types of grains, millet, corn.
• Green peas - beans, soybeans, lentils, peanuts.

Elena Petrovna 6,980 views

Normal operation gastrointestinal tract and beautiful general health largely depend on proper nutrition, which implies constant consumption of plant products.

But it is not always possible to eat something that is truly both healthy and tasty - an allergy to fruits forces you to choose only hypoallergenic fruits.

Fruit intolerance occurs in both children and adults, but before you completely exclude your favorite fruit from your diet, you need to figure out what exactly causes the allergy.

Causes of fruit allergies

The cause of a true allergic reaction to any fruit is the specific substances contained in these fruits.

Most often, the immune system is provoked to produce inflammatory mediators by fruit acids.

A true allergy occurs even if a person has eaten only a few pieces of an allergenic fruit.

But there are also pseudo-allergic reactions that develop if you eat an excess amount of fruits, for example, several tangerines or oranges at one time. This should not be forgotten.

Allergic reactions can develop not only to the fruit itself, but also to substances located on its surface.

Today all fruits are processed with special chemicals, increasing their shelf life, therefore allergies may be associated with these chemicals.

The development of an intolerance reaction also depends on the ripeness of the fruit. It has been proven that overripe fruits cause more allergic reactions.

This is due to the fact that they contain more fruit acids, and mold fungi can already multiply on the surface.

In children, fruit allergies may be associated with imperfections immune system.

And therefore, when various symptoms In case of intolerance, it is necessary to stop consuming the allergenic product and introduce it into the child’s diet after three years.

Symptoms of the disease in children and adults

Allergy to fruits refers to food reactions intolerance and therefore its symptoms affect the gastrointestinal tract, skin, less often respiratory system.

The disease can be identified by the following manifestations:

• Oral allergy syndrome. It is expressed by the appearance of itching, burning in oral cavity, swelling of the lips after eating fruit.
• Skin rashes. manifests itself as urticaria; children often develop rashes on the cheeks, abdomen, flexor surfaces of the arms, and under the knees. The appearance of the rash is accompanied by severe.
• Disorders of the digestive system. Nausea, bloating, colic, and diarrhea can also be manifestations of an allergic reaction.
• and conjunctivitis. Some people experience sneezing, excessive mucus production, and watery eyes when inhaling fruit aromas.

Allergies to fruits can be quite severe, with worsening breathing, shortness of breath, swelling of the face and throat. In this case, assistance must be provided immediately.

Common fruits to which allergies are most common

Most fruit allergies are detected by fruits with a bright color - orange or red. As a rule, this or others.

In second place in terms of the frequency of development of intolerance reactions are fruits with pits, these are peaches, apricots, and plums.

Also noted Great chance the appearance of allergy symptoms Exotic fruits bananas, kiwi, melon, papaya.

Children often develop symptoms of the disease after eating tangerines and oranges.

A reaction to grapefruit may be due to the fact that this fruit is capable of retaining drug components in the body.

Due to the accumulation of medications, skin and other allergic reactions occur.

Allergies to fruits are more common, that is, they occur in people with existing allergic reactions to other types of allergens:

• You may be intolerant to bananas, kiwi, avocados, peaches, nectarines and even some varieties of apples.
• People with hypersensitivity often cannot tolerate fruits with seeds. It may also appear.
• If you are allergic to wormwood, intolerance to melons develops.
• People with cereal pollen intolerance often develop allergic reactions to peaches and apricots.

There is a decrease in the manifestations of an allergic reaction if the fruit is subjected to good heat treatment.

They don't cause disease at all baked apples.

Drug treatment

It is necessary to begin treatment for fruit allergies by eliminating the allergenic fruit from the diet.

It is possible to determine the type of allergen by performing blood tests.

As the disease develops, treatment begins with the use of a specific group of medications.

Antihistamines.

If you need to quickly remove the growing symptoms of intolerance, then you need to use medications such as Diphenhydramine, or others.

Quick removal of toxins.

For any food allergies It is necessary to achieve the fastest possible removal from the body of toxins formed as a result of the antigen-antibody reaction.

Enterosorbents will help with this - Polysorb, .

Ointments and creams.

If skin symptoms develop, it must be used with an anti-inflammatory and antihistamine effect.

In case of severe spread of the rash and severe itching, ointments with hormones are used in the first days of the illness.

Drops.

For the treatment of rhinitis and conjunctivitis, or are prescribed.

Dosage of all medications and general course their use is selected by the allergist based on the patient’s age and manifestations of the disease.

To normalize the immune system, in some cases it may be necessary to use immunomodulators.

Treatment with folk remedies

Children will only need to drink one or two glasses.

To prepare the mummy solution, you need to take only fresh raw materials; it is soft to the touch and dissolves quickly and without residue in water.

The course of treatment is one month.

Eggshell.

Good effect in the treatment of allergies has eggshell.

Homemade eggs required white. They need to be washed well with soap, broken and the yolk and white are poured out of them.

After this, the thin inner film is removed, and the shell itself is well dried.

After drying, the shells are ground into powder in a coffee grinder and are ready for use.

Birch buds.

The leaves and buds of young birch cleanse the blood of allergens.

Any folk remedies must be used as a course. At chronic types Allergy treatment is recommended as a preventative measure to be used several times a year.

Allergies to fruits can also be eliminated by using specific immunotherapy, that is, by introducing the smallest doses of allergens.

At modern level medicine, it is possible to minimize the manifestations of intolerance reactions and this is easier to achieve if you consult a doctor early.

It all depends on the location of the human body.
Red and orange fruits are usually considered the most dangerous for allergy sufferers.

According to statistics, allergies to stone fruits, for example, peaches, plums, and apricots, often appear.
The causes of allergies to fruits are mainly related to the specific substances contained in them (for example, fruit acids), which cause a violent reaction in the human body.

In most cases, people suffering from are susceptible to them, since pollination, in fact, is the beginning of the ripening of fruit that is unsafe for them. It has already been confirmed that half of allergy sufferers who suffer from the “neighborhood” of apple pollen cannot tolerate apples themselves. Often allergies are provoked by fruits that are not specific to the country where the allergic person was born.

In other words, you need to be careful when consuming exotic fruits when visiting other countries, since there is a high risk of complications and even anaphylactic shock.

Symptoms of a fruit allergy

If you have a fruit allergy, your symptoms may vary. First, of course, this standard set signs: a person sneezes, his eyes are watery, and he has a runny nose. Tingling may begin and swelling may develop.

In most cases, in places that came into contact with the fruit (lips, oral cavity), itching and swelling occur; in other words, the so-called oral syndrome appears, when the main manifestations of the allergy are concentrated in the nasopharynx.

In some cases, urticaria, scabies, etc. may develop. Usually it is reactions in the form of various kinds of rashes that cause plums. It happens that fruits causing allergies, when consumed in food, contribute to the development of such manifestations as diarrhea, cramps or vomiting.

One of the most terrible reactions is the main set of symptoms in which is associated with difficulty breathing, and it can be caused by bananas that seem safe at first glance, and apples or can trigger asthma.

How to cure fruit allergies

Treatment of fruit allergies consists of a number of measures. First, this is the diagnosis and elimination of the consequences of the body’s reaction, then the upcoming establishment of digestive processes if the gastrointestinal tract is affected.

You should definitely seek help from a doctor; if the consequences of allergies are obvious, he will prescribe you (Zodak, Tavegil). You may also be prescribed or.
, there are also special ones.

Your doctor will recommend that you eliminate the fruit from your diet until it is determined whether it is an irritant. Also, maybe he will tell you which fruits you can eat if you are allergic... fruits are in your case, from time to time allergy sufferers manage to eat without any consequences even those fruits that cause a reaction in them, the main condition is that there should be no skin on them . In some cases, it causes rejection by the body.

It happens that, for example, apples are lost from time to time, as soon as you process the fruit - bake, boil, dry and even just chop it, in other words, raw fruit is more unsafe.

The reason is simple - the allergens contained in it are very unstable and are destroyed by the slightest impact. In some cases and overripe fruit, which has been stored for a certain number of days, in other words, is no longer fresh, can provoke a much more severe reaction than unripe fruit. The fact is that in the latter the content of stimuli is even less due to the incompleteness of the maturation processes.

Treatment of allergies to fruits with folk remedies

By for obvious reasons must completely exclude the introduction of honey and everything connected with it. Otherwise, you risk again “enjoying” all the “delights” of the appearance of an allergy. One of the most effective methods in the treatment of food rejection reactions by the body is duckweed. There are no contraindications to this method, which is popular among many herbalists.

To do this, you will need a teaspoon of the freshest and previously well-washed herb - “combine” it with 50 grams. ordinary vodka and leave it alone for a week. When indicated time will pass, you need to take the medicine three times a day, 15 drops, but not in pure form, and with the addition of 50 ml. water (quarter cup).

Others more effective method is taking mumiyo (the product must certainly be natural). To eliminate allergy symptoms, it must be taken once a day (it is better to take it in the morning), always with a small amount of warm milk. You need to drink 100 ml each time. mumiyo.

Allergy to fruit is an annoying hindrance for those who strive for a healthy lifestyle and who have been diagnosed with such a diagnosis. But first, let's figure out what an allergy is. considered an atypical immune response to food. It can be acute: when even a small amount of a product containing an allergen causes a pronounced reaction. Swelling of the nasal mucosa, urticaria, vomiting, migraine - all these symptoms make it easy to determine the cause of poor health, since its connection with the use of a certain product can be traced. But most often, manifestations of allergies are erased and do not clearly indicate specific product nutrition.

How can you tell if you have an allergic reaction to fruit?

The most dangerous fruits for people prone to allergies are bananas, cherries, kiwis, apricots, melons, papaya, pineapples, plums, and peaches. Eating them is often accompanied by an oral symptom, which is characterized by allergic reactions in the mouth and throat. Itching, tingling and swelling in the mouth may occur. An allergic reaction is usually accompanied by sneezing, runny nose, and watery eyes.

Cross allergic reactions

Cross allergic reactions between different products not uncommon. In other words, if a person is allergic to one product, then it can almost certainly be assumed that he is allergic to a number of other products. Thus, 20% of people with an allergy to natural latex (the so-called rubber allergy) are likely to react negatively to avocados, kiwis, bananas, apples, cherries, figs, papaya, melon, nectarines and peaches.

Allergies to fruits are observed in people suffering from hay fever (allergy to pollen). Birch pollen gives a cross-reaction in the form of food allergies to stone fruits (cherries, plums, apricots) and apples. Ambrosia wormwood pollen - on melon, bananas and watermelon. Grass pollen - on peach.

Example cross allergies May be an allergy to kiwi. It is not found too often, although kiwi contains very strong allergen. Symptoms can even occur when inhaling the odor and storing the fruit. Along with an allergy to kiwi, there is a reaction to pineapple, papaya and products with high content vitamin C.

Allergies to lemon are most common in children. In this case it is possible cross reaction for citrus fruits: tangerines and oranges.

Food allergy syndrome can manifest as an immediate allergic reaction in the form of irritation, itching, slight swelling mucous membrane immediately after ingestion fresh vegetables and fruits. Contact of fruit juice on the lips or contact of fruit peels with skin during processing may be accompanied by symptoms contact dermatitis, urticaria and allergic rhinitis. Plums and strawberries can cause rashes, while citrus fruits and apples can sometimes trigger asthma.

IN in rare cases an allergic reaction to fruits can lead to very serious consequences that are life-threatening. These are anaphylactic reactions: shortness of breath, difficulty breathing. Bananas can be the culprit in causing anaphylaxis. There are known cases of anaphylactic shock due to an allergy to plums.

What should people do if they have certain contraindications to eating fruit? Should we really look for a replacement? natural vitamins in pharmacies and buy synthetic drugs? Fortunately, everything is not so bleak.

• Eat processed fruits and berries. The fact is that an allergic reaction most often occurs when eating fruits raw. If the fruits are subjected heat treatment: bake in microwave oven, cook or preserve, the allergic reaction is smoothed out or does not occur at all. Therefore, even if there is a confirmed allergy to fresh apples, a person can eat applesauce, Apple juice, apple jelly, apple pie. An allergic reaction to apple juice is extremely rare, even in young children. But if it is observed, it is necessary to use only green apples for making juice - they are less allergenic compared to brightly colored fruits.
• Cut off the peel and eat only the pulp. It has long been known that the most allergenic part of the fruit is the peel, so allergy sufferers are advised to peel the fruit before eating it. Those who are allergic to peaches can safely eat their pulp (as a reference: in this case, it is likely that you are allergic to pears).
• Eat unripe fruits. Ripe fruits contain more allergens. Unripe fruits cause milder allergic reactions.

All of the above advice should be taken with reservation, since each person’s body is individual and what is acceptable for one may not be suitable for another. People who are allergic to fruits should include them in their diet with great caution and little by little. By consuming peeled or partially ripened fruits, observe whether this leads to a smoothing of the allergic reaction. If this does not happen and the manifestations of allergies are not long in coming, you should immediately stop eating these fruits and take antihistamines to eliminate the symptoms.

The best thing you can do is to completely avoid those fruits that cause your allergies. Try to find a complete replacement for them. Fruits and berries such as mangoes, figs, avocados, grapes, gooseberries, currants, guava, pomegranates, persimmons are no less useful and at the same time are not considered a risk group. In any case, when introducing new, especially exotic, fruits into your diet, you should consult with an allergist.

The body reacts to certain stimuli to haptens and antigens. Antigens include:

• Dust.
• Pollen.
• Components of chemical origin.
• Wool.

Haptens include:

• Allergens various products nutrition.

When a person has a tendency to allergies, when polysaccharides and proteins enter the body, they are accepted as foreign, and antibodies to them begin to be produced for protection, and subsequently neurotransmitters. These substances provoke the development of allergies in the form of skin rashes and malfunctions. digestive tract and respiratory organs. What can and cannot be eaten by people with allergies? This is exactly what we will talk about.

Main allergen products

Basically, allergies can be to the following products:

• Seafood.
• Dairy products.
• Fish.
• Eggs.
• Legumes.
• Nuts.
• Chocolate.
• Some types of fruits and vegetables.
• Celery.
• Buckwheat.
• Certain types of meat.
• Peanut.

A large place among allergies falls on semi-finished products, canned food, food instant cooking, various smoked meats, sweet carbonated drinks, sauces. They are the ones who make a person feel unwell, skin rashes and other symptoms inherent in allergies. But what can you eat if you have allergies? You will learn more about this further.

What can you eat if you have some allergies?

At bronchial asthma You can eat almost all foods, except:

• Wheat bread.
• Orekhov.
• Honey.
• Some fruits that contain salicylic acid.
• Raspberries.
• Abrikosov.
• Oranges.
• Cherries.

What can you eat if you are allergic to wool? You can eat almost all foods except pork and beef.

If you are allergic to mites, dust, daphnia, or cockroaches, you should avoid consuming the following foods:

• Shrimp.
• Crabs.
• Lobsters.
• Langustov.
• Snails.

Ragweed and hay fever type should exclude the following foods:

• Sunflower oil.
• Seeds.
• Watermelon.
• Melon.
• Strawberries.
• Citrus.
• Celery.
• Dill and parsley.
• Spices.

What can you eat if you are allergic to milk proteins? Avoid:

• Milk.
• Dairy products.
• Cream.
• Ice cream.
• Wheat bread.
• Oil.

What can you eat if you have allergies: list

The list of foods that are allowed to be consumed if you have allergies is:

• from beef, chicken, turkey.
• Vegetarian soups.
• Olive, vegetable and sunflower oils.
• Rice, buckwheat, oatmeal.
• Curdled milk, cottage cheese, kefir and yogurt without flavorings.
• Brynza.
• Cucumbers, cabbage, greens, potatoes, green peas.
• Green apples and pears (bake before use).
• Weak tea without additives.
• Dried fruits compote.
• Not fresh bread, unleavened flatbread, lavash.

What pills to take for allergies

Medicines that are used to relieve allergy symptoms belong to the following groups:

• Antihistamines. These drugs prevent the release of allergy and histamine mediators.
• Systemic glucocorticoid hormones.
• Membrane stabilizers. They reduce the excitability of cells that are responsible for the development of allergies.

Antihistamines are used to relieve allergy symptoms for short period. New generation drugs reduce sensitivity to histamine, so they need to be taken several times a day at equal intervals.

What pills can you take for allergies? Allowed drugs include: Suprastin, Tavegil, Dibazol. Don't forget to consult your doctor. During pregnancy medicines for allergies can only be used in exceptional cases.

What else can be used for allergies? Drugs latest generation from an allergic reaction simultaneously affect histamine receptors and lose sensitivity to the allergy mediator. Even with high level histamine in the blood, the allergic reaction will not develop in the future. The advantage of new generation tablets is that they do not cause sedative effect and are taken only once a day. These drugs are: Ketotifen, Cetirizine, Claritin, Loratadine.

Membrane stabilizers are used to strengthen the basophil membrane, and they do not destroy the allergen that has entered the body. Basically, this group of drugs is prescribed for the treatment of chronic allergies.

Glucocorticoid hormones are prescribed for severe allergies when other methods and medications have not given the desired effect. They are considered analogues of adrenal hormones and have anti-inflammatory and antiallergic effects. These hormones should be discontinued after treatment, gradually reducing their dose.

Allergy tests

If you have allergy symptoms, you need to get tested to find the cause. Where can I get tested for allergies? To do this, you need to contact the laboratory. Analyzes can be taken using the following methods:

• Scratch method. During the diagnostic process, an allergen is placed at the puncture site. After some time, redness or swelling may occur. The test is positive if the papule is more than 2 mm. About 20 samples can be made at one puncture site.
• By injection method.
• Intradermal tests with various components allergens.

It is necessary to get tested if allergies occur after eating, medicines and on household chemicals. Staging skin tests is considered a reliable and proven method for diagnosing all allergic reactions to which the body is hypersensitive. Three days before the diagnosis, you need to stop taking antihistamines.

Diet for allergies: features

• On allergy days, eat at least 4 times a day.
• Use boiled beef, chicken and pork for food.
• During this period, eat pasta, eggs, milk, sour cream, kefir (if there are no contraindications).
• Cucumbers, zucchini, greens.
• It is recommended to avoid fruits, berries and mushrooms.
• You should not eat sugar and honey, as well as products containing these components.
• Exclude dough products, alcoholic beverages, coffee, cocoa, smoked foods, and pickles.

All products and medications can be prescribed and adjusted only by a doctor. There is another type of hypoallergenic diet. They are used not for the purpose of treatment, but for the purpose of prevention, to eliminate the allergic irritant. If allergies bother you quite often, then such a diet must be followed constantly. Doctors identify several appropriate techniques. They are used for allergic reactions to various irritants.

Nutrition after allergies

What can you do after an allergy? When the symptoms of the disease begin to subside, you can gradually add some foods to the diet. This is carried out according to a special scheme from low-allergenic to highly allergenic. Each new product is introduced once every three days. If the allergy begins to worsen, it means that the last product was found to be allergenic. List of products that can be used after allergies:

• Low-fat and boiled beef, chicken or pork.
• Soups on secondary broth with the addition of cereals.
• Vegetarian soups.
• Vegetable oil and butter.
• Boiled potatoes.
• Various porridges.
• Lactic acid products.
• Cucumbers, greens.
• Watermelon and baked apples.
• Herb tea.
• Compotes of berries and dried fruits.
• White bread without yeast.

Diet for exacerbation of allergies

During an exacerbation, you need to consult an allergist. Here the doctor will be able to do tests that will identify the allergen. It is also necessary to comply strict diet. It is based on several stages:

1. Starvation. For two days the patient should drink only water. You should avoid tea, coffee and carbonated drinks altogether. During the day you need to take up to 1.5 liters of clean water.
2. Can be added to some products. They should be the least allergenic. These are porridges, yeast-free bread and vegetable broth.

You can stay on this diet for a week and eat up to 7 times a day in small portions. Next you should adhere to basic diet for another two weeks until the symptoms of an allergic reaction completely disappear. If you have allergies, you can drink purified or mineral water no gases. Also shown are tea without flavors and additives, dried fruit compote, and rosehip decoction. You cannot drink coffee, cocoa, beer, kvass, carbonated drinks, as well as grape wines, vermouth, liqueurs, liqueurs.

Bottom line

Allergies - enough serious pathology which can lead to complications. Patients who suffer from this disease are advised to follow a certain diet and know the permitted and prohibited foods for a particular irritant. Together with treatment and use antihistamines The doctor prescribes a hypoallergenic diet to the patient. You need to follow it for about three weeks until the allergy disappears completely. The latest generation drugs are prescribed once a day and can be used long time without developing addiction syndrome. People who are prone to allergic reactions, do not abuse alcoholic beverages and smoking. These factors provoke the occurrence of the disease. Be healthy!