The neurons of the brain are restored by the drug. Restoration of damaged brain cells. The best vitamins for the nervous system: a list of the best drugs for children and adults

Neuroprotection allows you to save the structure and function of neurons. Under the influence of neuroprotective drugs, the metabolism in the brain is normalized, and the energy supply of nerve cells improves. Neurologists have been actively prescribing these drugs to patients since the end of the last century.

Neuroprotectors are cytoprotective drugs, the action of which is provided by the correction of membrane-stabilizing, metabolic and mediator balance. Any substance that protects neurons from death has a neuroprotective effect.

According to the mechanism of action, they are distinguished following groups neuroprotectors:

• nootropics,
• antioxidant agents,
• vascular drugs,
• Combined medicines,
• adaptogenic agents.

Neuroprotectors or cerebroprotectors are drugs that stop or limit brain tissue damage caused by acute hypoxia and ischemia. As a result of the ischemic process, cells die, hypoxic, metabolic and microcirculatory changes occur in all organs and tissues, up to the development of multiple organ failure. Neuroprotectors are used to prevent damage to neurons during ischemia. They improve metabolism, reduce oxidation processes, increase antioxidant protection improve hemodynamics. Neuroprotectors help prevent damage to the nervous tissue during frequent climate changes, after neuro-emotional stress and overstrain. Due to this, they are used not only for therapeutic, but also for preventive purposes.

For the treatment of children, a huge number of neuroprotectors with different mechanisms action at a dosage appropriate for age and body weight. These include typical nootropics - Piracetam, vitamins - Neurobion, neuropeptides - Semax, Cerebrolysin.

Such drugs increase the resistance of nerve cells to the aggressive effects of traumatic factors, intoxication, and hypoxia. These drugs have a psychostimulating and sedative effect, reduce the feeling of weakness and depression, eliminate the manifestations asthenic syndrome. Neuroprotectors affect higher nervous activity, perception of information, activate intellectual functions. The mnemotropic effect is to improve memory and learning, the adaptogenic effect is to increase the body's ability to withstand harmful environmental influences.

Under the influence of neurotropic drugs, the blood supply to the brain improves, headaches and dizziness decrease, and other autonomic disorders disappear. Patients have clarity of consciousness and increased level of wakefulness. These medicines do not cause addiction and psychomotor agitation.

Nootropic drugs

Nootropics are drugs that stimulate metabolism in the nervous tissue and eliminate neuropsychiatric disorders. They rejuvenate the body, prolong life, activate the learning process and speed up memorization. The term "nootropic" in translation from the ancient Greek language literally means "change the mind."

• "Piracetam" - the most famous representative nootropic drugs widely used in modern traditional medicine for the treatment of psychoneurological diseases. It increases the concentration of ATP in the brain, stimulates the synthesis of RNA and lipids in cells. "Piracetam" is prescribed to patients during the rehabilitation period after acute ischemia brain. The drug is the first nootropic synthesized in Belgium in the last century. Scientists have found that this medicine significantly increases mental performance and perception of information.
• "Cerebrolysin" is a hydrolyzate obtained from the brain of young pigs. It is a partially broken down whey protein enriched with amino peptides. Thanks to the low molecular weight"Cerebrolysin" quickly penetrates the blood-brain barrier, reaches the brain cells and exerts its therapeutic effect. This medicine is of natural origin, so it has no contraindications and rarely causes side effects.
• "Semax" is a synthetic neuropeptide complex that has a pronounced nootropic effect. It is an analog of a fragment of adrenocorticotropic hormone, but does not have hormonal activity and does not affect the functioning of the adrenal glands. "Semax" adapts the work of the brain and contributes to the formation of resistance to stress damage, hypoxia and ischemia. This medicine is also an antioxidant, antihypoxant and angioprotector.
• "Ceraxon" is prescribed to patients who have had a stroke. It restores damaged nerve cell membranes and prevents their further death. For patients with TBI, the drug allows you to quickly get out of a post-traumatic coma, reduces the intensity of neurological symptoms and the duration of rehabilitation period. In patients after active drug therapy, such Clinical signs, as lack of initiative, memory impairment, difficulties in the process of self-service, increases general level consciousness.
• "Pikamilon" is a drug that improves cerebral circulation, activates metabolism in the brain tissue. The drug has the properties of an antihypoxant, antioxidant, antiaggregant and tranquilizer at the same time. At the same time, there is no depression of the central nervous system, drowsiness and lethargy do not occur. "Pikamilon" eliminates the symptoms of overwork and psycho-emotional overload.

Antioxidants

Antioxidants are drugs that neutralize the pathogenic effects of free radicals. After treatment, the cells of the body are renewed and healed. Antihypoxants improve the utilization of oxygen circulating in the body and increase the resistance of cells to hypoxia. They prevent, reduce and eliminate the manifestations of oxygen deficiency, supporting energy metabolism at the optimum level.

List of neuroprotective drugs with antioxidant action:

1. "Mexidol" is effective in combating hypoxia, ischemia, convulsions. The drug increases the body's resistance to stress, stimulates its adaptive capacity to the damaging effects of the environment. This medicine is included in the complex treatment of dyscirculatory changes occurring in the brain. Under the influence of Mexidol, the processes of perception and reproduction of information are improved, especially in the elderly, alcohol intoxication organism.
2. "Emoxipin" increases the activity of antioxidant enzymes, reduces the formation of prostaglandins, prevents thromboaggregation. "Emoxipin" is prescribed to patients with signs of acute cerebral and coronary insufficiency, glaucoma, intraocular hemorrhage, diabetic retinopathy.
3. "Glycine" is an amino acid that is a natural metabolite of the brain and affects functional state its specialized systems and non-specific structures. It is a neurotransmitter that regulates metabolic processes in the CNS. Under the influence of the drug, psycho-emotional stress decreases, brain function improves, the severity of asthenia and pathological dependence on alcohol decrease. "Glycine" has an anti-stress and sedative effect.
4. « Glutamic acid"- a drug that stimulates the recovery processes in the body, normalizes metabolism and transmission nerve impulses. It increases the resistance of brain cells to hypoxia and protects the body from the toxic effects of toxic substances, alcohol, and some medicines. The drug is prescribed to patients with schizophrenia, epilepsy, psychosis, insomnia, encephalitis and meningitis. "Glutamic acid" is included in the complex therapy of cerebral palsy, poliomyelitis, Down's disease.
5. "Complamin" is a neurotropic drug that improves the blood supply to the brain, promoting the flow oxygenated blood to the brain tissue, suppressing platelet aggregation. Complamin is an indirect antioxidant that activates lipid and carbohydrate metabolism and has a hepatoprotective effect.

Vascular drugs

Classification of the most used vascular preparations: anticoagulants, antiplatelet agents, vasodilators, calcium channel blockers.

• Anticoagulants: "Heparin", "Sinkumarin", "Warfarin", "Phenylin". These drugs are anticoagulants that disrupt the biosynthesis of blood coagulation factors and inhibit their properties.
• Antiplatelet action has "Acetylsalicylic acid". It inactivates the enzyme cyclooxygenase and reduces platelet aggregation. In addition, at this drug there are indirect anticoagulant properties, realized by inhibiting blood coagulation factors. "Acetylsalicylic acid" is prescribed for prophylactic purposes to persons with disorders cerebral circulation survivors of stroke and myocardial infarction. "Plavix" and "Tiklid" are analogues of "Aspirin". They are prescribed in cases where their "Acetylsalicylic acid" is ineffective or contraindicated.
• "Cinnarizine" improves blood flow, increases resistance muscle fibers to hypoxia, increases the plasticity of erythrocytes. Under its influence, the vessels of the brain expand, cerebral blood flow improves, and the bioelectric ability of nerve cells is activated. "Cinnarizine" has an antispasmodic and antihistamine effect, reduces the reaction to some vasoconstrictor substances, reduces excitability vestibular apparatus, while not affecting arterial pressure and heart rate. It relieves spasms of blood vessels and reduces cerebroasthenic manifestations: tinnitus and severe headache. Assign medication to patients with ischemic stroke, encephalopathy, Meniere's disease, dementia, amnesia and other pathologies accompanied by dizziness and headache.

Combination drugs

Neuroprotective drugs of combined action have metabolic and vasoactive properties that provide the fastest and best therapeutic effect in the treatment of low doses of active substances.

1. "Thiocetam" has a mutually potentiating effect of "Piracetam" and "Thiotriazoline". Along with cerebroprotective and nootropic properties, the drug has antihypoxic, cardioprotective, hepatoprotective, immunomodulatory effects. "Thiocetam" is prescribed to patients suffering from diseases of the brain, heart and blood vessels, liver, and viral infections.
2. Phezam is a drug that dilates blood vessels, improves the absorption of oxygen by the body, and helps to increase its resistance to oxygen deficiency. The composition of the drug includes two components "Piracetam" and "Cinnarizine". They are neuroprotective agents and increase the resistance of nerve cells to hypoxia. "Fezam" speeds up protein metabolism and utilization of glucose by cells, improves interneuronal transmission to the central nervous system and stimulates blood supply to ischemic areas of the brain. Asthenic, intoxication and psycho-organic syndromes, impaired thinking, memory and mood are indications for the use of Phezam.

Adaptogens

Adaptogens include herbal remedies that have a neurotropic effect. The most common among them are: tincture of Eleutherococcus, ginseng, Chinese magnolia vine. They are designed to fight increased fatigue, stress, anorexia, hypofunction of the gonads. Adaptogens are used to facilitate acclimatization, prevent colds, and speed up recovery after acute illnesses.

• "Liquid extract of Eleutherococcus" is a phytopreparation that has a general tonic effect on the human body. This is a dietary supplement, for the manufacture of which the roots of the plant of the same name are used. Neuroprotector stimulates the immune system and the adaptive capacity of the body. Under the influence of the drug, drowsiness decreases, metabolism accelerates, appetite improves, and the risk of developing cancer is reduced.
• "Ginseng tincture" is of vegetable origin and has a positive effect on the body's metabolism. The drug stimulates the work of the vascular and nervous systems of a person. It is used as part of general strengthening therapy in debilitated patients. "Ginseng tincture" is a metabolic, antiemetic and biostimulant agent that helps the body adapt to atypical loads, increases blood pressure, and lowers blood sugar levels.
• "Chinese lemongrass tincture" is a common remedy that allows you to get rid of drowsiness, fatigue and recharge your batteries for a long time. This remedy restores the state after depression, provides a rush physical strength, perfectly tones, has a refreshing and stimulating effect.

The best vitamins for the nervous system: a list of the best drugs for children and adults

The functioning of the human body is controlled by the nervous system: any failure in its work immediately affects both the physical and the psychological state. Constant fatigue, insomnia, irritability, discomfort in the stomach, hypotension ... All this may not indicate the presence of a somatic disease, but that the body receives few vitamins and minerals that are necessary for normal operation brain.

What vitamins and minerals are necessary for the nervous system to function properly?

Job nervous system depends on the intake of certain groups of vitamins and minerals.

B vitamins

B vitamins free normal functioning nervous system becomes impossible. Vitamins B1, B6 and B12 are neurotropic: they are often used in the treatment of neurological disorders, and their lack causes damage to peripheral nerves.

Each of these vitamins works in a specific way:

• B1 restores nervous tissue, participates in the transmission of nerve impulses and acts as an antioxidant, slowing down tissue aging and participating in cell regeneration;
• B6 is necessary for the normal course of all types of metabolism in the body, and is also involved in the synthesis of neurotransmitters;
• B12 accelerates the formation and regeneration of the myelin sheath that covers the nerve fibers;
• B9 is necessary to restore all types of memory (long-term and short-term), as well as to ensure normal pace transmission of nerve impulses.

Usually, in multivitamin complexes designed to normalize the functioning of the nervous system, all of the listed vitamins are present: it has been proven that in combination they can achieve an excellent effect.

Vitamin A

Vitamin A, or retinol, makes it possible to normalize sleep and wakefulness, and also improves cognitive abilities. Retinol is an antioxidant and protects cells from aging and destruction. Vitamin A also improves vision.

Vitamin E

Vitamin E improves blood circulation in the brain, strengthens the walls of blood vessels and allows you to keep good memory. Regular consumption of this vitamin is an excellent prevention of age-related neurological diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease. Vitamin has a slight sedative effect, relieving increased irritability.

Vitamin D

Vitamin D helps to cope with the decline in long-term and short term memory. It also makes it possible to avoid atherosclerosis.

All of these vitamins should be part of complexes designed to improve the functioning of the nervous system. To enhance their action, microelements are added to the preparations: iron, which saturates cells with oxygen, iodine, which improves cognitive abilities, selenium, which stimulates the nervous system, etc.

Causes of disruption of the nervous system

Disorders in the work of the nervous system can occur for various reasons:

• hypoxia. Just six seconds after the oxygen supply to the brain is cut off, a person loses consciousness, and after 15 irreversible neurological damage is formed. Chronic hypoxia caused by anemia and lack of iron in the body is also dangerous;
• increase in body temperature. With a prolonged fever, the metabolic rate increases, as a result of which resources are quickly depleted, and nervous processes slow down;
• entry of toxic substances into the body. A group of neurotropic poisons is distinguished, which act selectively, affecting mainly nerve cells;
• metabolic disorders, for example, diabetes mellitus, in 80% of cases leading to the development of neurological symptoms;
• heredity. Some genetic diseases cause metabolic disturbances in nerve cells. For example, with phenylketonuria, the body accumulates a large number of toxic substances that affect the cells of the nervous system;
• brain injury (bruises, concussions);
• overwork and frequent stress;
• vascular diseases leading to impaired blood circulation of the brain;
• oncological diseases. A tumor can not only affect the brain or spinal cord, but also cause intoxication of the body with the products of its decay.

Vitamins are essential in the treatment of many disorders of the nervous system. For example, when chronic hypoxia shows the intake of drugs with vitamins A and iron. For people with diabetes, special complexes have been developed that accelerate the rate of regeneration of nervous tissue.

Vitamin Deficiency Symptoms

You can learn more about the symptoms of disruption of the nervous system in the following video:

The nervous system reacts to vitamin deficiency in the following way:

• efficiency drops: you have to make great efforts in order to cope with daily activities;
• disturbed sleep and wakefulness. It can be both drowsiness and insomnia;
• irritability appears;
• short-term and long-term memory deteriorate;
• causeless mood swings occur;
• a person becomes distracted, it is difficult for him to concentrate.

Why is it important to take care of the state of the nervous system?

Contrary to the earlier opinion, scientists came to the conclusion that nerve cells are capable of recovery. True, in order to regain health, you will have to work hard and even change your lifestyle, as well as your diet and daily routine.

It is very important to do this: since malfunctions in the functioning of the nervous system affect the functioning of the body as a whole:

• neurasthenia can eventually cause serious heart problems;
• lack of blood circulation in the brain leads to the development of stroke and coronary disease;
• due to malfunctions in the functioning of the nervous system, the quality of life decreases: the desire to work, spend time with friends, learn new information, etc. disappears.

The nervous system controls the functioning of the body as a whole. So, by healing it, you improve your health and give yourself longevity and energy.

Vitamin complexes for adults

In pharmacies, you can find a number of drugs to stabilize the nervous system:

• Neurostabil. The drug, which includes vitamins of group B, vitamin A, C and E, as well as a complex of extracts medicinal plants, increases stress resistance and has a mild calming effect. Neurostabil should be taken three times a day after meals, the doctor selects the dosage depending on the severity of the symptoms of beriberi;
• Neurostrong. The drug improves blood circulation in the brain, helps to quickly recover from injuries or stroke, as well as surgical interventions. For the prevention of beriberi, it is recommended to take two tablets twice a day if Neurostrong is prescribed in medicinal purposes, the dosage is doubled;
• Vitrum Superstress. The complex allows you to normalize sleep, accelerates cell regeneration, and also strengthens the immune system. In addition to vitamins, the composition of the product includes folic acid, which improves metabolism, and iron, which improves blood composition;
• Neurovit-R. This drug is used to treat diseases of the nervous system: neuritis, neuralgia, etc.;
• Neurorubin-Forte. The composition of the product includes vitamins of the group and B and microelements necessary for the normal functioning of the brain.

Before you buy a vitamin complex, you should talk with your doctor: some products have side effects and, if taken uncontrolled, can cause harm to health.

Vitamins for children

For children there are special vitamin complexes, contributing to the improvement of the nervous system:

• Alphabet. This complex is adapted for the child's body: it does not contain dyes and flavors, so even small children can take it;
• Multitabs. The Danish-made drug is available in several forms and is suitable for children from birth to 18 years;
• Vitrum. The drug is available in the form chewable tablets. The complex is indicated to increase appetite and with seasonal beriberi, it is also recommended for the prevention of overwork during school hours.

It is important to remember that hypervitaminosis is no less dangerous than hypovitaminosis. Therefore, parents should strictly control the intake of vitamin complexes by the child.

How to help your nervous system recover?

In order for the work of the nervous system to normalize, the following recommendations must be followed:

• take vitamin complexes prescribed by a therapist. It is very important to get the doctor's opinion about which vitamins are best suited and which drugs will have the best effect on the body;
• give up strong tea and coffee: the substances contained in these drinks have a stimulating effect, however, in the presence of neurological disorders, they regular use causes rapid depletion of the resources of the nervous system;
• avoid stress and give yourself time to rest and relax;
• eat right: the nervous system may suffer from a lack of amino acids, which are the “building material” that is necessary for the restoration of nervous tissue;
• to refuse from bad habits;
• adhere to a strict daily regimen: try to get up, eat and go to bed at the same time;
• try to sleep at least seven hours a day;
• spend time on fresh air or ventilate the room more often: this will help to avoid hypoxia.

To stabilize the work of the nervous system, breathing exercises are shown. It is very easy to learn them:

• inhale deeply with your stomach, trying to make it puff up, hold your breath for a couple of seconds and slowly push the air out through your nose. The cycle should be repeated 3-4 times: this will help you calm down and collect your thoughts;
• come to open window and do deep breath, slowly raising your arms up until they connect above your head. Hold your breath and exhale as you lower your arms. Repeat the exercise three times.

These simple recommendations help to tidy up the nervous system. However, it is better not to self-medicate, but to consult a specialist who can determine the cause. unpleasant symptoms and prescribe appropriate treatment.

Ask your doctor to help you choose the best suitable drug, and strictly follow the prescribed dosage: the result will not be long in coming!

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"Nerve cells do not regenerate" - myth or reality?

As the hero of Leonid Bronevoy, the county doctor, said: “the head is a dark object, it is not subject to research ...”. A compact accumulation of nerve cells called the brain, although it has been studied by neurophysiologists for a long time, scientists have not yet been able to get answers to all questions related to the functioning of neurons.

Essence of the question

Some time ago, until the 90s of the last century, it was believed that the number of neurons in the human body has a constant value and it is impossible to restore damaged brain nerve cells if lost. In part, this statement is indeed true: during the development of the embryo, nature lays a huge reserve of cells.

Even before birth, a newborn child loses almost 70% of the formed neurons as a result of programmed cell death - apoptosis. Neuronal death continues throughout life.

Starting from the age of thirty, this process is activated - a person loses doneurons every day. As a result of such losses, the brain of an old person is reduced by about 15% compared to its volume in youth and mature years.

It is characteristic that scientists note this phenomenon only in humans - in other mammals, including primates, the age-related decrease in the brain, and as a result, senile dementia is not observed. Perhaps this is due to the fact that animals in nature do not live to advanced years.

Scientists believe that brain tissue aging is natural process, laid down by nature, and is a consequence of longevity acquired by man. A lot of body energy is spent on the work of the brain, so when there is no need for increased activity, nature reduces the energy consumption of brain tissue, spending energy on maintaining other body systems.

These data do support the common expression that nerve cells do not regenerate. And why, if the body in normal condition there is no need to restore dead neurons - there is a supply of cells, with an excess designed for a lifetime.

Observation of patients suffering from Parkinson's disease showed that the clinical manifestations of the disease appear when almost 90% of the neurons in the midbrain responsible for controlling movements die. When neurons die, their functions are taken over by neighboring nerve cells. They increase in size and form new connections between neurons.

So, if in a person's life "...everything goes according to plan", neurons lost in genetically incorporated quantities are not restored - there is simply no need for this.

More precisely, the formation of new neurons occurs. Throughout life, a certain number of new nerve cells are constantly produced. The brain of primates, including humans, produces several thousand neurons every day. But the natural loss of nerve cells is still much greater.

But the plan may fall apart. Neuronal death can occur. Of course, not because of the lack of positive emotions, but, for example, as a result of mechanical damage during injuries. This is where the ability to regenerate nerve cells comes into play. Scientists' research proves that brain tissue transplantation is possible, in which not only the graft is not rejected, but the introduction of donor cells leads to the restoration of the recipient's nervous tissue.

Teri Wallis precedent

In addition to experiments on mice, the case of Terry Wallis, who spent in a coma after a strong car accident twenty years. Relatives refused to take Terry off life support after doctors diagnosed him in a vegetative state.

After a twenty-year break, Terry Wallis regained consciousness. Now he can already pronounce meaningful words, joke. Some motor functions are gradually restored, although this is complicated by the fact that for such a long time of inactivity, all the muscles of the body have atrophied in a man.

Research on the brain of Terry Wallis by scientists demonstrates phenomenal phenomena: Terry's brain grows new nervous structures to replace those lost in the accident.

Moreover, new formations have a shape and location that are different from the usual ones. It seems that the brain grows new neurons where it is more convenient for it, without trying to restore those lost due to injury. Experiments conducted with patients in a vegetative state have proven that patients are able to answer questions and respond to requests. True, this can only be fixed by activity. brain system using magnetic resonance imaging. This discovery can radically change the attitude towards patients who have fallen into a vegetative state.

An increase in the number of dying neurons can contribute not only to extreme situations like traumatic brain injuries. stress, malnutrition, ecology - all these factors can increase the number of nerve cells lost by a person. The state of stress also reduces the formation of new neurons. Stressful situations experienced during fetal development and in the first time after birth can cause a decrease in the number of nerve cells in a future life.

How to restore neurons

Instead of asking the problem whether it is possible to restore nerve cells at all, maybe it is worth deciding - is it worth it? In the report of Professor G. Hueter at the World Congress of Psychiatrists, he spoke about the observation of the novices of the monastery in Canada. Many of the observed women were over a hundred years old. And all of them demonstrated excellent mental and mental health: no characteristic senile degenerative changes were found in their brains.

According to the professor, four factors contribute to the preservation of neuroplasticity - the ability to regenerate brain:

• the strength of social ties and friendly relations with loved ones;
• the ability to learn and the realization of this ability throughout life;
• balance between what is desired and what is in reality;
• sustainable outlook.

All these factors were exactly what the nuns had.

A balanced, moderate diet also contributes to brain health. We will not discuss a drug that really restores nerve cells in this article.

Because the appointment of drugs should be carried out by specialists. Food with a low calorie content and the presence of certain minerals and vitamins in the diet can stimulate the regeneration of nerve cells.

After all, it is known that all diseases are caused by nerves. Eat right - it's also good for the figure. And give your brain a constant load. The brain, like any other organ, atrophies in inactivity. Live long and happily!

Repair of damaged brain cells

Functions of the cell membrane

The most important structural components of neurons, like any other cells, are cell membranes. They usually have a multilayer structure and consist of a special class of fatty compounds - phospholipids, as well as proteins penetrating them.

Causes of damage to brain cells

The pathological processes underlying the damage and death of nerve cells are of a universal nature. With any damage to neurons, cell membranes suffer, which leads to a violation of their various functions, primarily mechanical, barrier and transport.

The drug for the restoration of brain cells - Cerakson

Fortunately, modern neuropharmacology is increasingly providing physicians and their patients with the opportunity to restore the functions of damaged neurons and prevent their further death, even under conditions of continued exposure to pathological factors.

The mechanism of action of Ceraxon

The main mechanism of action of Ceraxon is its ability to more than replenish the supply of phospholipids in the cell lost due to damage to its membranes or in the process of “autocannibalism” that has begun. This contributes to the restoration of damaged cell membranes, suppression of lipid peroxidation reactions and apoptosis.

Indications for use of Ceraxon

Thus, Ceraxon is effective in vascular diseases brain. In traumatic brain injury, the drug reduces the duration of the coma period and the severity of neurological symptoms. This has been proven alongside clinical research.

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For a long time, even scientists could only hear a negative answer to the question “whether nerve cells are restored”. That is why the famous statement that warns people against experiences in various stressful situations, many still consider it an axiom. The lack of a research base and the necessary equipment did not give scientists the opportunity to make sure that brain neurons are capable of self-healing.

In 1962, American scientists conducted the first experiments on rats, the results of which were stunning: the restoration of nerve cells is a natural process, but their regeneration in the human brain was scientifically confirmed only in 1998. 1

The destructive effect on the brain is exerted by stress, insomnia, chronic sleep deprivation, radiation, alcohol abuse and drugs, as well as others negative factors. All this could be fatal for a person, if not for the process of restoration of nerve cells, called neurogenesis.

IN modern society the question is no longer relevant whether nerve cells are restored or not, since each of the studies has already been backed up by published facts and figures:

• the rate of neurogenesis in humans is 700 neurons per day;
• about 1.75% of nerve cells are renewed per year;
• these indicators are not affected by gender;
• regeneration activity decreases with age, but this does not affect the quality of neurons;
• with age cell cycle lengthens. 2

The complexity of the nervous system and the role of human nerve cells in it

The main element of the nervous system is the neuron, or nerve cell. Their number in the human body is tens of billions, and they are all interconnected. The nervous system is a complex and little studied part of the human body.

Much attention is paid to the issue of human nerve cell repair, but to date, scientists have been able to explore and study only 5% of neurons. As a result, it was found that on the outside they are covered with the so-called myelin sheath (a protein that can renew itself throughout human life). Thus, the previously existing theory about the impossibility of neuronal regeneration is just a myth.

The nervous system is connected with all organs and tissues of the body through nerves that carry information from external environment. It performs a lot of complex and diverse functions, determined by the interaction between nerve cells. The most important of them are:

• association or integration - ensuring the interaction of all organs and systems, thanks to its correct work, the body functions as a whole;
• participation in the processing of information coming through both internal and external receptors;
• transformation, processing and transfer of the information received to the relevant authorities and systems;
• development as the environment becomes more complex. 3

A study by scientists Elizabeth Gould and Charles Gross, working at Princeton University in the Department of Psychology, published in 1999, became a new step in the development of medicine and made it possible to give a reasonable answer to the question that excites inquisitive minds: is this how nerve cells are restored or not?

Mature monkeys became experimental subjects. As a result of the experiment, it was found that thousands of new neurons appear in their brain every day, while they do not stop producing until death.

At the World Congress of Psychiatrists, which is organized every three years and last took place in 2014, scientists noted that human brain develops not only in childhood adolescence– it continues to change, regenerate and develop throughout our lives. In this case, the main influence on this organ is exerted by emotional factors.

The restoration of nerve cells by the human body is a long process, but it is possible to increase its speed if you engage in intellectual work: new neurons are formed only in the parts of the brain associated with the work of thought and new knowledge. According to the data provided by congress participants, neurons reproduce faster:

• in extreme situations;
• when solving complex problems;
• in the planning process;
• if necessary, use memory, especially short-term;
• in resolving issues spatial orientation. 4

How to restore nerve cells? 5

Stress negatively affects the entire body and the nervous system in particular - neurons are destroyed. If you are thinking about how to restore nerve cells, take into account some rules:

• measure your dreams against reality;
• learn to organize your life;
• stop going with the flow;
• find the meaning of your own life;
• create social connections;
• improve relationships with people, especially with loved ones;
• do not forget that regeneration of nervous tissue usually does not require material costs;
• look for solutions to emerging problems;
• remember that studying at any age promotes the regeneration of nerve cells.

Scientists from the USA M. Rubin and L. Katz introduced the term “neurobics” into science and recommend regular mental training to restore nerve cells. Such aerobics is useful for both children and adults, after a while there is a rapid assimilation of new material, memory development and an improvement in brain performance even in old age. At the World Congress of Psychiatrists, the director of the Russian Research Psychoneurological Institute named after. Bekhterev Professor N.G. Neznanov emphasized in his speech that even with senile dementia there is a possibility of restoring neurons and tissues.

A huge reserve of neurons is laid at the genetic level during the period embryonic development. With the onset of adverse factors, nerve cells die, but new ones are formed in their place. However, as a result of large-scale studies, it was found that the natural decline somewhat exceeds the appearance of new cells. The important thing is that, contrary to the previously existing theory, it has been proven that nerve cells are restored. Experts have developed recommendations for enhancing mental activity, which make the process of neuronal recovery even more efficient.

Nerve cells are restored: proven by scientists

In humans, a huge reserve of nerve cells is laid down at the genetic level during the period of embryonic development. Scientists have proven that this value is constant and when lost, neurons do not recover. However, in the place of dead cells, new ones are formed. This happens throughout life and every day. Within 24 hours, the human brain produces up to several thousand neurons.

It was found that the natural loss of nerve cells somewhat exceeds the formation of new ones. The theory that nerve cells regenerate is indeed true. It is important for each individual to prevent the disruption of the natural balance between the death and restoration of nerve cells. Four factors will help maintain neuroplasticity, that is, the ability to brain regenerate:

• the constancy of social ties and a positive orientation in communication with loved ones;
• the ability to learn and the ability to implement it throughout life;
• sustainable outlook;
• balance between desires and real possibilities.

As a result of large-scale studies, it has been proven that any amount of alcohol kills neurons. After drinking alcohol, erythrocytes stick together, this prevents nutrients from entering the nerve cells and they die in almost 7-9 minutes. In this case, the concentration of alcohol in the blood is absolutely irrelevant. Women's brain cells are more susceptible than men's, so alcohol addiction develops at lower doses.

Brain cells are especially susceptible to any stressful conditions in pregnant women. Nervousness can provoke not only a deterioration in the well-being of the woman herself. The fetus is at high risk of developing various pathologies, including schizophrenia and mental retardation. During pregnancy, increased nervous excitability threatens that the programmed cell death of 70% of already formed neurons will occur in the embryo.

Proper nutrition

Refuting known theory that nerve cells are not restored, recent scientific studies prove that cell regeneration is possible. It does not require expensive drugs or complex medical equipment. Experts say that neurons can be restored using proper nutrition. As a result of clinical studies with the participation of volunteers, it was revealed that a low-calorie and rich in vitamins and minerals diet.

The resistance to diseases of a neurotic nature increases, life expectancy increases and the production of neurons from stem cells is stimulated. It is also recommended to increase the time interval between meals. It will improve general well-being more effective than calorie restriction. Scientists claim that malnutrition in the form of improper diets reduces the production of testosterone and estrogen, thereby reducing sexual activity. The best option- eat well, but less often.

Aerobics for the brain

Scientists have proven that in order to restore nerve cells, it is important to use the maximum number of brain regions every minute. Simple tricks such training are combined into a common complex called neurobics. The word is quite easy to decipher. "Neuro" means neurons, which are nerve cells in the brain. "Obika" - exercise, gymnastics. Simple neurobic exercises performed by a person allow you to high level activate not only brain activity.

All cells of the body, including nerve cells, are involved in the training process. For a positive effect, it is important to remember that “brain gymnastics” should become an integral part of life, and then the brain will really be in a state of constant activity. Experts have shown that many daily habits of a person are so automated that they are performed almost at an unconscious level.

A person does not think about what happens in his brain during certain actions. Being an integral part Everyday life, many habits simply slow down the work of neurons, because they are performed without minimal mental stress. You can improve the situation if you change the established rhythm of life and daily routine. Eliminating predictability in actions is one of the techniques of neuroscience.

morning awakening ritual

For most people, one morning is similar to another, down to the smallest worker. Performing morning procedures, coffee, breakfast, jogging - all actions are scheduled literally in seconds. In order to sharpen the senses, you can do the entire morning ritual, for example, with your eyes closed.

Unusual emotions, the connection of imagination and fantasies contribute to the activation of the brain. Unusual tasks will become neurobics for cells and a new stage in the improvement of mental activity. Experts recommend replacing traditional strong coffee with aromatic herbal tea. Instead of scrambled eggs, you can have sandwiches for breakfast. The unusualness of habitual actions will be the best way to restore neurons.

New route to work

Habitual to the smallest detail is the way to work and back. It is recommended to change your habitual path, allowing brain cells to connect to remember the new route. unique method counting steps from the house to the parking lot is recognized. It is recommended to pay attention to the sign of the nearest store or to the inscription on the billboard. Focusing on the little things around is another sure step in neuroscience.