Varieties of the Chihuahua breed. Brave Heart of Chihuahua Dog Fat Chihuahua

Deer, since most breeders prefer to breed Cobby type dogs.

But these graceful dogs have their admirers, who remain faithful to the classic type of the breed.

At first glance, Chihuahua Deer may seem too tender and fragile. In fact, they are in no way inferior to their stronger and more powerful-looking cobby relatives.

In the article we will tell you in detail about this breed of Chihuahua, and also show photos of these dogs.

When Chihuahuas appeared, there was no single breed type. Dogs could be of any color and build, and there were also differences in their sizes.

But at the same time, high-legged dogs had advantages - it was easier for them to hunt small animals living in the jungles of Mesoamerica, where their ancestors appeared in the 15th century BC.

Perhaps it was this feature that helped the long-legged and fast dogs This breed survived difficult times when, after the conquest of Mexico by the conquistadors, they again went wild and lived in the forests. When they were domesticated again by local residents, these small, graceful dogs became faithful and devoted companions for them.

IN mid-19th century, American travelers became interested in Chihuahuas and local residents began selling them puppies of this breed.

More full information Read about the history of the Chihuahua.

Long-legged, deer-like dogs were popular until relatively recently, when stocky Cobby-type Chihuahuas began to be considered more conformable.

Description of character

The Chihuahua Deer is a small, elegantly built dog. She looks elegant and sophisticated, and her movements are light and free. When such a dog runs, it seems that it almost does not touch the ground.

Chihuahua Deer are smart and very understanding. These are active and playful dogs that, despite their apparent fragility, are resilient and quite strong.

They are selflessly devoted to their owner, friendly and affectionate towards him. But they are wary of strangers.

Chihuahua Deer make good guards. Despite their small size, they are always ready to protect their owner or his property.

Distinctive features

Distinctive features of dogs of this type are:

• the head is relatively small in size, slightly elongated in shape;
• elongated muzzle;
• large and high-set ears;
• deep, but not wide chest;
• rather long paws;
• long and thin tail;
• the angles of the articulations are less pronounced than those of the cobby;
• There is no sense of strength or power in the movements of Deer type dogs.

Deer-type Chihuahuas do not have well-developed muscles, which makes them visually more sophisticated than representatives of the Cobby type.

Accepted standard type dir

The size of a standard Chihuahua Deer should be no more than 23 cm at the withers. Weight ranges from 0.5 to 3 kg.

The Chihuahua Deer is a small, square dog with a light bone structure.

The head does not look large or convex. The transition to an elongated muzzle is pronounced, but not sharp.

The ears are large and rather thin. They are set high, which gives the dog a resemblance to a fawn.

The eyes are relatively small, slightly convex. Their most preferred colors are dark shades brown.

The nose color is black or matches the base color.

The neck is quite long and narrow. The back is straight, not wide, merging into a slightly sloping croup.

The chest is deep enough, but not too voluminous. The stomach is tucked.

The limbs are parallel, due to the lack of pronounced muscles, they appear thin and long.

The tail is set quite high, long and thin.

The wool is soft, can be either smooth or, but not fluttering.

Your pet should be given chewing toys or treats designed to remove plaque.

Due to the fact that the dir accelerated metabolism, these dogs need already in cool weather, and the pet should wear it indoors.

NOTE!

Chihuahua Dire is not intended for street keeping - such a dog should only live in a house or apartment.

Price range

The price starts from approximately 20 thousand rubles, if the dog has documents. The maximum cost can reach 30-35 thousand and even higher.

How to choose a puppy?

Despite the fact that most modern breeders breed Cobby Chihuahuas, it is still quite possible to find Dire puppies with documents.

When choosing a future pet, you need to pay attention to the structure of its muzzle and head - while cobbies have a convex skull, dirs have an elongated one. The muzzles of this type of Chihuahua are quite long, the ears are larger and set high, and the eyes are not very large and less rounded than those of the Cobby, and this is noticeable already at an early age.

Conclusion and conclusions

Chihuahuas of the Deer type, considered classic, have now become much less common. However, most of these Chihuahuas have retained their elegance and grace, without turning into excessive subtlety and fragility.

And, despite the fact that the Dire type is considered to be on the verge of the acceptable requirements of the standard, these dogs have their own fairly wide circle of admirers.

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Chihuahua dogs are loved by many, so if you are planning to get this dog, you should decide which type to give preference to. There are many different types of Chihuahuas, and each one is different from the previous one. In this article we will tell you what there are types of chihuahua depending on the various characteristics.

Depending on the body type, it is customary to distinguish between the types of Chihuahua: Deer and Cobby. Let's take a closer look at them.

Cobby

Some also say "coby chihuahua", although the correct name for this type of chihuahua is "cobby", not "coby". IN English language The word "cobby" means "stocky" and these cobby dogs fit that description perfectly.

They have a rather strong and massive body, and their head and chest are voluminous. It should also be said that the representatives of this type a very short neck (sometimes it may seem that it is absent altogether), and equally short legs (but despite this, they are quite strong and muscular).

Their tail is quite massive, slightly thicker at the base, and the dogs’ fur is very thick. Besides, characteristic feature This variety has a large head with huge eyes, which is why the Chihuahua’s face is often compared to the face of a child (it is called “baby face”). The eyes, as well as the ears, of these dogs are located quite far from each other.

Thus, representatives of the cobby type are very funny, stocky animals that can easily evoke affection with their appearance.

Dir

This name may seem strange to some, but if we remember that in English “deer” means “deer”, everything immediately falls into place. This fawn-like Chihuahua is rightly called that. The dir type has its own characteristics.

History of the origin of the Chihuahua breed

The Chihuahua is the smallest dog breed that comes in a variety of sizes, a wide variety of coat colors and coat lengths.

The history of the Chihuahua breed is very mysterious and there are many theories about the origin of this breed. Archaeological finds indicate that the breed originated in Mexico. The most common belief is that Chihuahuas are descended from the Techichi, a companion dog with ancient roots in Mexico. Ancient records of the breed date back to the 9th century, although excavations have revealed that Chihuahua remains were found in western Mexico, in tombs dating back to 300 BC. It is likely that the Chihuahua's ancestors existed before the Mayans; information about the breed can be found in materials from the Great Pyramid of Cholula, pre-1530, and the ruins of Chichen Itza on the Yucanat Peninsula. Ancient depictions of a Chihuahua that were found resembled a toy with an apple-shaped head, and Chihuahua varieties have been found throughout Central America, from Mexico to El Salvador. The earliest of these were found in Varacus, Mexico, which dates back to 100 AD. Techichi dogs were discovered in Georgia in 1325 and were also Chihuahuas.

In the 19th century, records appeared that the Chihuahua is a small, almost hairless dog.

The ancestor of the breed is considered to be the Mexican state of Chihuahua, where in 1850 the remains of dogs were found in old ruins near the Cassas Grandes, from which the breed got its name, although most of the artifacts associated with its existence can be found around Mexico City. A pot depicting "deer heads" of various Chihuahuas was discovered in the "Grandes Cassas", which dates back to 110-130 AD. and shows the long history of the breed. The Chihuahua remains enduringly popular as a breed, especially in America, when the breed was first recognized by the American Kennel Club in 1904. It is believed that today's Chihuahuas are much smaller than their ancestors, these changes are associated with the appearance of miniature chinese dogs, such as the Chinese Crested. Images of dogs dating back to 100 AD. in Veracruz, Mexico, are identical in appearance and size to modern "apple-headed" Chihuahuas, proving conclusively that the breed has been in Mexico for over 1,400 years.

Chihuahua breed standard

Description of the breed and standards of Chihuahua. The breed standard for this dog usually does not include height, only weight and a description of general proportions. The height of a Chihuahua varies depending on its size. For example, from six to ten inches, and for some from 12 to 15 inches (30 - 38 cm). The British and American Breed Standards state that Chihuahuas should not weigh more than six pounds. However, the British standard states that between 2 and 4 pounds is preferred and that if two dogs are equally good in type, the smaller one is preferable.

For the Fédération Cynologique Internationale (FCI), the ideal Chihuahua breed standard is 1.5 to 3 kg, with lighter weight being more acceptable in the ring. Although the Chihuahua's weight is acceptable from 3.3 to 6.6 kg.

Chihuahua coat

The Kennel Club in the United Kingdom and the American Kennel Club in the United States recognize only two varieties of Chihuahuas: the longhair and the smoothhair (shorthair). Long-haired Chihuahuas are smooth to the touch, the coat is soft and fine, and the undercoat is fluffy, which gives the Chihuahua its fluffy appearance. The coat of long-haired Chihuahuas requires minimal grooming. Unlike short-haired Chihuahuas, long-haired Chihuahuas shed much less hair during the shedding period; this process can take them from one to two years. and sometimes three years.

On photo of long-haired chihuahua, cobby type:

Chihuahua coat color

Chihuahuas can now be found in any color combination, from pure black to pure white color, spotted, many colors and patterns. There is no combination of color and pattern that is considered more valuable than another. Marbled Chihuahuas have not been included in the breed standard since 2007. The International Canine Federation, consisting of 84 countries, made changes to the Chihuahua breed standard - to disqualify "merle" (marbled coat color); their opinion was supported by clubs in New Zealand, Germany, Canada and Australia, as they believed that a similar marbled color appeared by crossing Chihuahuas with other dogs, and not through natural genetic drift (a change in the frequency of a gene variant in a population due to random sampling).

However, in 2008, the Chihuahua Club of America voted that merlies would not be disqualified in the United States.

On photo chihuahua (chihuahua) marble color:

Temperament, character of the Chihuahua

Chihuahuas have a very stable psyche. Characteristic feature This breed is that they quickly take on the character of the owner, they can be both calm and aggressive, while being very loyal to one owner. Chihuahuas do not always get along with other breeds; they prefer to communicate with representatives of their own breed. They love peace and tranquility, are very curious and observant. They can spend hours watching you work at the computer or just read a book on the couch. Chihuahuas are very agile (they love to be on the move), active, hardy, temperamental, absolutely fearless, with excellent reactions and hearing. Under severe stress, representatives of this breed suffer from involuntary urination.

Video of a Chihuahua puppy of super mini size, cobby type, age 2 months:

Appearance of a Chihuahua

The body of the Chihuahua is compact, the skull is shaped like an apple ( main feature Chihuahua breed), the tail is of moderate length (raised high), in the direction of the lower back it forms a semi-ring with a tip or is curved. The tail is flat, gradually tapering towards the tip. Preferable for males square shape body, the bitch may have a more drawn-out body, which is due to reproductive function.

Chihuahua eyes

The Chihuahua's eyes are large, round in shape, dark and expressive. There are Chihuahuas with light eyes.

Chihuahua ears

The Chihuahua's ears are large, erect, widely spaced, wide at the base and gradually taper to a rounded tip. Smooth-haired Chihuahuas have ears covered with very short hair; they appear bald in appearance; long-haired representatives of the breed have ears covered with long hair, and according to the breed standard, this hair does not need to be cut.

The picture on the website shows the ear size options for a Chihuahua:

1) big ears;

2) medium-sized ears;

3) small ears.

Excessively pointed, small and rounded ears in Chihuahuas are considered a fault. Chihuahuas' ears should not have very large lobes. In a calm state, they should stick out to the side (forming an angle of 45 degrees relative to the axis of the skull - the base of the head), as shown in the figure. When alert, the ears of a Chihuahua take a high position, but not a V-shape (high set and directed upward).

Chihuahua teeth bite

The bite in a Chihuahua, and indeed in every dog, is a form of closure of the upper and lower teeth and jaws. Acceptable dental bite options for Chihuahuas:

1) correct, i.e. scissor bite, only this bite corresponds to the Chihuahua breed standard;

Options malocclusion Chihuahua or dental defects:

2) undershot;

3) direct bite (pincer-shaped);

4) snack;

5) bulldog bite.

Any type of jaw misalignment also does not meet the Chihuahua breed standard, because... similar cases are considered an anomaly.

Perfect dental system The Chihuahua consists of 4 canines (2 upper and 2 lower), 12 incisors (6 upper and 6 lower), 10 molars and 16 premolars. The absence of one or more teeth is not considered a disqualifying factor for a Chihuahua.

Chihuahua neck

The neck of male Chihuahuas is thicker than that of females, and the upper line of the neck is slightly convex and middle length. Long-haired Chihuahuas have a neck covered with long hair. Some long-haired Chihuahuas do not have long hair on the neck, but according to breed standards, it is preferable to have long hair in the neck area.

Chihuahua chest

Rib cage In representatives of the Chihuahua breed, the ribs are wide and deep, voluminous; the ribs have a rounded appearance.

The figure shows variations in the shape of a Chihuahua's chest when viewed from the front:

1) correct form Chihuahua chest, most consistent with the Chihuahua breed standard;

2) excessively round form Chihuahua chest;

3) the flattened shape of the Chihuahua's chest.

When viewed from the side, the Chihuahua's chest should extend to the elbows, but not be barrel-shaped.

Chihuahua limbs

The Chihuahua's forelimbs are quite long and straight, the hind limbs are well muscled.

The long bones are parallel and vertical, with good angulations at the hips, stifles and hocks and in harmony with the angulations of the forelimbs. The Chihuahua's paws are small, oval, the toes are well spread, and the claws are convex. The pads on the paws are elastic and well developed. Dewclaws are not preferred in Chihuahuas.

Chihuahua front limb position

The figure shows the options for placing the front limbs of a Chihuahua:

1) correct positioning of the limbs, only such positioning corresponds to the standard of the Chihuahua breed, the paws are parallel to each other;

2) very narrow set of forelimbs - does not correspond to the standard of the Chihuahua breed;

3) size of the forelimbs (disqualifying factor);

4) clubfoot of the Chihuahua's forelimbs also does not correspond to the Chihuahua breed standard.

Posting of the hind limbs of a Chihuahua

The picture shows possible options posture of the Chihuahua's limbs: in the first picture the correct posture of the Chihuahua's limbs, it is clear that they are straight and parallel to each other, in the second picture the Chihuahua's limbs have a completely different shape, the hock joints are close together and this posture is called "cow posture." In the third picture, observe another of the options for positioning the Chihuahua’s limbs, which also does not correspond to the Chihuahua breed standard. In this version, the position is barrel-shaped, i.e. clubfoot. The cause of clubfoot in a Chihuahua is dislocation kneecap(patelloluxation). The fourth picture shows another variant of the Chihuahua's limbs - a wide set, which also does not correspond to the Chihuahua breed standard.

Today the standards are recognized two types of chihuahua depending on the structure of the body. This ✅ type cobe (cobby-type) and ✅ type dir (deer-type).

Some more types of Chihuahua (false types):

1. Classical
2. Pekingese
3. Aboriginal
4. English
5. Extreme
6. Exotic

Type of Chihuahua Coby

This type of Chihuahua is characterized by a dense and stocky build. Their distinctive features are pretty on a massive neck big head with expressive eyes. There is typically a large distance between the ears and eyes. The small ears at the base are quite wide.

The chest is deep and voluminous. The back has a flat topline, compact paws, a thick tail with a thickening in the middle. The coat is thick with a pronounced undercoat. The Kobe has energetic movements with good propulsion with its hind legs.

Type of chihuahua dir

These Chihuahuas are also called deer-like Chihuahuas because they are, in fact, very similar to a fawn. They are characterized by a small head with large ears and an elongated muzzle, which give the dog a bat-like appearance. The chest has a smaller volume than that of Cobby dogs. The paws of this variety are thinner and narrower, the angles of the hock joints are less pronounced.

The tail is much thinner and longer than that of the Kobe, and the strides are smaller due to the fact that the kick hind limbs clearly weaker. The coat is not so thick, with virtually no undercoat. Both types are recognized by breeders, but preference is given to the Cobby type. According to the type of coat, Chihuahuas can be long-haired or smooth-haired. The smooth-haired variety has a thick hairline fits tightly to the body.

This fur shines beautifully like silk. Long-haired dogs have undercoat, visible on the neck with a collar, on the ears with a fringe and tail. completely covered with fur. The surface of this coat is smooth and slightly wavy. Unofficial or false types of Chihuahuas

What other types of Chihuahuas are there?

Many sellers talk about a much larger number of types of Chihuahuas, including classic, aboriginal, extreme, English, exotic. But these are the so-called false types. “Native” Chihuahuas are exported from the ancestral country of this breed - Mexico.

These dogs have a sharp muzzle, an insufficiently round head with close-set eyes and ears. At the same time, the dog has a fairly large body weight, which does not fit into the breed standard, and a large tail, curled around the back of the Chihuahua. The “English” Chihuahua has a rather massive build with a rough bone structure and, as a result, a lot of weight.

The “extreme” Chihuahua is characterized by a peculiar excess. His doll head looks too artificial, his eyes are too bulging, and his limbs are too thin. These are real dwarfs. The “exotic” Chihuahua is similar to the “extreme” one, but is even smaller in size. The “classic” Chihuahua is similar to the Dire type, but differs in a simplified skull shape with a muzzle that is too long. He also has the wrong angle of his feet.

What types of Chihuahuas are there - a question that interests many fans of these cute little ones who love their funny appearance and loyal character. In this article we will try to give the most detailed answer to it.

Before talking about the differences, it is worth highlighting general signs, characteristic of these dogs:

• average duration life is about 12 years;
• tiny height (from 15 to 23 cm) and weight (from 500 grams to 3 kg);
• the head is shaped like an apple, there is a fontanel on top - a non-ossified part of the skull;
• the transition from the forehead to the nose is pronounced;
• pointed muzzle, large erect ears, large dark eyes;
• characterized by high activity;
• smart, easy to train;
• fur comes in different colors;
• They have a loyal and friendly character and are good with children.

Every dog ​​has his own individual characteristics, but these signs are common to representatives of the breed.

Officially accepted varieties

There are species recognized by professional dog handlers, and there are those that are artificially bred by breeders for profit, the so-called false types. Let's take a closer look at which of them dog breeders consider to be generally accepted.
Animals are divided into several subtypes. First of all, long-haired and smooth-haired dogs are distinguished.

Long-haired cats are characterized by the presence of soft, non-curly hair with a fine structure. There is an undercoat of low density. More elongated hair is observed in the area of ​​the ears, neck, back of the paws and tail.

Smooth-haired cats are characterized by shorter, denser fur that lies close to the body. It is soft and smooth to the touch; in some areas the hairs may be slightly longer than on the whole body.

If a dog has a mixed or intermediate coat type, this is considered a deviation from the norm.
Based on body parameters, there are varieties of cobby and dir.

Cobbies have a dense and stocky body structure; in addition to these characteristics, they can be distinguished by the following characteristics:

• large head;
• large round eyes located far from each other and a snub nose, thanks to which they are also called “baby-face”;
• the ears are not too large, located far apart, wider at the base;
• well developed chest;
• small, dense, developed limbs;
• powerful tail with a seal in the middle;
• the coat is dense with a pronounced undercoat;
• When moving, they push off with their hind legs, making a strong push.

Chihuahua Deer in their structure resemble tiny fawns, which is why they are also called “deer-like”.

These animals have the following characteristics:

1. small head;
2. elongated muzzle;
3. the ears are large, reminiscent of the ears of a bat;
4. small chest;
5. the legs are long and thin;
6. the tail is long and thin;
7. the coat is of moderate thickness, there is almost no undercoat;
8. in order to move, they are forced to take more steps because their paws push off much weaker than those of a cobby.

Both body types are recognized by dog ​​breeders, but more often they prefer cobbies for breeding.

Interestingly, these varieties of the Chihuahua breed are rarely found in pure form, most animals have traits of both, which is quite acceptable.

False types

In addition to the listed options, there are other body types of dogs of this breed. They are also called intrabreed lines.

• It must be taken into account that these options are not recognized by serious dog handlers and are unlikely to be able to participate in exhibition activities.

Therefore, if you intend to breed, choose individuals that best meet the standards.

Domestic breeders have developed subspecies that differ from the generally accepted ones. Let's look at them in more detail:

Pekingese subtype - they are distinguished by an excessively snub nose and bulging eyes, making these dogs unlike ordinary representatives of the breed and giving them an external resemblance to pugs. These individuals have defects and shortcomings that exclude the possibility of further breeding and participation in exhibitions.

Aboriginal species - animals are characterized by such characteristics as excessively tall growth compared to others and a pointed, insufficiently round shape of the skull, too small a distance between the eyes and ears.
The English subspecies has a coarse, weighty build.

The extreme subtype is characterized by such features as big forehead, very bug-eyed eyes, a strong snub nose and very short limbs, which makes it difficult for babies to move.
The exotic subtype is similar to the previous one, it is distinguished only by the smaller size of the individuals.

• Classic - resembles the dire type, but the shape of the skull is simplified, the forehead is flat, the muzzle is strongly lowered, and the feet are located at an irregular angle.

The price of purebred dogs is much higher than the cost of representatives of false types, which is why breeders breed them.

Possible defects and shortcomings

Deviations from standards are divided into shortcomings and defects.

Dogs have the following disadvantages:

• the absence of some teeth or the presence of double ones;
• jaw deformation;
• very pointed ears;
• excessively short neck;
• stretched torso;
• legs too short;
• the hind legs are located too close;
• inverted elbow position;
• an incorrectly placed, curled or too small tail.

The International Federation of Cynologists allows the possibility of some deviations in the physique and in the proportions between parts of the body. However, they should be as close to the standards as possible.

We separately list the vices that will lead to disqualification:

1. pronounced aggression or cowardice in behavior;
2. drooping or short ears;
3. very elongated body;
4. absence of a tail;
5. the presence of bare areas of skin in smooth-haired individuals;
6. excessively long, thin or shaggy hair in long-haired dogs;
7. weight over 3 kg;
8. the presence of a large fontanel.

Height differences

These dogs are the smallest of all living on the planet. The Guinness Book of Records includes a dog of this breed, Boo-Boo, which is considered the tiniest dog. Her height is 10 cm in height and 16 in length, and her weight is 675 grams.

However, professional dog handlers do not officially distinguish such Chihuahua species like mini or supermini. Such deviations are considered a disease of dwarfism or the result of untimely birth.

Excessively small dogs are not suitable for further breeding and participation in exhibitions.

In addition, they have a more fragile body structure than their counterparts, an incomplete set of teeth and reduced immunity.

Their lifespan is no more than 10 years. Caring for such a pet will require a lot of effort and time, so it is worth assessing all the risks before purchasing.

The rules for caring for micro pets are as follows:

• miniature dogs should not be dropped;
• you need to look at your feet all the time so as not to step on the baby;
• Children should not be allowed to play with pets, as they may die as a result of careless handling;
• you cannot take them to bed with you, this can result in a fall and injury;
• exclude the possibility of playing with other animals;

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• for puppies, you must follow a diet: they are not given pearl barley porridge and milk to avoid health problems;
• You should not skip feeding puppies, this can cause hypoglycemia in your pet and lead to his death;
• for some time the small dog is fed pre-chewed food;
• don't let kids get severe stress, this is also fraught with hypoglycemia and seizures.

When purchasing such pets, be careful: they often have genetic diseases organs of vision, breathing, of cardio-vascular system etc. Don't trust breeders who talk about new varieties. Of course, not all representatives of intrabreed deviations are ugly and sick, but it is better to be safe.

Study the established standards in advance, this will help you avoid problems and worries with a sick pet. Focus on the puppy's pedigree, the parents' exhibition achievements and the experience of dog breeders.

Remember that no matter what type of Chihuahua you choose, you are responsible for its care and care. Each dog is individual, but it will always respond to the love and care of its owner.