Instructions
on medical use of the drug
Atenolol-Teva
atenolol
pills
one tablet contains: active substances: atenolol – 25 mg, 50 mg, 100 mg excipients: microcrystalline cellulose 3.34/ 6.67/ 13.4 mg, magnesium carbonate 43.75/ 87.50/ 175.00 mg, corn starch 28.50/ 57.00/ 114.00 mg, sodium lauryl sulfate 1.58/ 3.17/ 6.34 mg, magnesium stearate 0.58/ 1.17/ 2.34 mg, gelatin 1.00/ 2.00/ 4.00 mg, hypromellose 3.00/ 5.00/ 6.25 mg, titanium dioxide 0.60/ 1.00/ 1.25 mg, glycerin 0.60/ 1.00/ 1.25 mg.
Description: White or almost white, round, biconvex tablets, coated. One side is smooth, on the other side there is a dividing line (25 mg and 100 mg tablets), or a dividing line and embossed “M 006” (50 mg tablets).
selective beta1-blocker.
ATX Code: C07AB03
Pharmacodynamics
The drug has antianginal, antihypertensive and antiarrhythmic effects. It does not have membrane stabilizing or internal sympathomimetic activity.
Reduces the formation of cAMP from ATP stimulated by catecholamines.
In the first 24 hours after oral administration of the drug, against the background of a decrease in cardiac output, a reactive increase in total peripheral vascular resistance is observed, the severity of which gradually decreases within 1-3 days.
The hypotensive effect is associated with a decrease in cardiac output, a decrease in the activity of the renin-angiotensin system, baroreceptor sensitivity and effects on the central nervous system. The hypotensive effect is manifested by both a decrease in systolic and diastolic blood pressure(BP), a decrease in shock and minute volumes. In average therapeutic doses it has no effect on the tone of peripheral arteries. The hypotensive effect lasts 24 hours, and with regular use it stabilizes by the end of the second week of treatment.
The antianginal effect is determined by a decrease in myocardial oxygen demand as a result of a decrease in heart rate (prolongation of diastole and improvement of myocardial perfusion) and contractility, as well as a decrease in the sensitivity of the myocardium to the effects of sympathetic stimulation. Reduces heart rate (HR) at rest and during physical activity. By increasing end-diastolic pressure in the left ventricle and increasing distension muscle fibers ventricles may increase oxygen demand, especially in patients with chronic heart failure. The antiarrhythmic effect is manifested by suppression of sinus tachycardia and is associated with the elimination of arrhythmogenic sympathetic influences on the conduction system of the heart, a decrease in the rate of propagation of excitation through the sinoatrial node and an extension of the refractory period. It inhibits the conduction of impulses in the antegrade and, to a lesser extent, in the retrograde directions through the AV (atrioventricular) node and along additional conduction pathways.
The negative chronotropic effect appears 1 hour after administration, reaches a maximum after 2-4 hours, and lasts up to 24 hours.
Reduces the automaticity of the sinus node, reduces heart rate, slows AV conduction, reduces myocardial contractility, and reduces myocardial oxygen demand. Reduces myocardial excitability.
When used in average therapeutic doses, the drug has a less pronounced effect on the smooth muscles of the bronchi and peripheral arteries than non-selective beta-blockers.
Pharmacokinetics
Absorption from gastrointestinal tract– fast, incomplete (50-60%), bioavailability – 40-50%, time to reach maximum concentration in blood plasma – 2-4 hours. It penetrates poorly through the blood-brain barrier, passes in small quantities through the placental barrier and into breast milk. Connection with blood plasma proteins – 6-16%. Practically not metabolized in the liver. The half-life is 6-9 hours (increases in elderly patients). Excreted by the kidneys by glomerular filtration (85-100% unchanged). Impaired renal function is accompanied by an extension of the half-life and cumulation: with creatinine clearance below 35 ml/min/1.73 m², the half-life is 16-27 hours, with creatinine clearance below 15 ml/min/1.73 m² - more than 27 hours (necessary dose reduction). It is excreted during hemodialysis.
Hypersensitivity to the drug, cardiogenic shock, stage II-III atrioventricular (AV) block, severe bradycardia (heart rate less than 45-50 beats/min.), sick sinus syndrome, sinoauricular block, acute or chronic heart failure (at the decompensation), cardiomegaly without signs of heart failure, Prinzmetal's angina, arterial hypotension (if used for myocardial infarction, systolic blood pressure less than 100 mm Hg), lactation period, simultaneous use of monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs), age up to 18 years (efficacy and security have not been established).
Carefully: diabetes, metabolic acidosis, hypoglycemia, history of allergic reactions, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (including emphysema), AV block of the first degree, chronic heart failure (compensated), obliterating diseases of peripheral vessels (intermittent claudication, Raynaud's syndrome), pheochromocytoma, liver failure, chronic renal failure, myasthenia gravis, thyrotoxicosis, depression (including a history), psoriasis, pregnancy, elderly age.
Prescribed orally before meals, without chewing, with a small amount of liquid.
Arterial hypertension. Treatment begins with 50 mg of Atenolol 1 time per day. To achieve a stable hypotensive effect, 1-2 weeks of administration are required. If the hypotensive effect is insufficient, the dose is increased to 100 mg in one dose. Further increase in dose is not recommended, since it is not accompanied by an increase in clinical effect.
Angina pectoris. The initial dose is 50 mg per day. If the optimal therapeutic effect is not achieved within a week, increase the dose to 100 mg per day. Sometimes it is possible to increase the dose to 200 mg once a day. Elderly patients and patients with impaired renal excretory function require adjustment of the dosage regimen. In the presence of renal failure, dose adjustment is recommended depending on creatinine clearance. In patients with renal failure at creatinine clearance values above 35 ml/min/1.73 m² (normal values are 100-150 ml/min/1.73 m²), significant accumulation of Atenolol does not occur.
For patients on hemodialysis, Atenolol is prescribed 25 or 50 mg/day immediately after each dialysis, which must be done in inpatient conditions, since a decrease in blood pressure may occur.
In elderly patients, initial single dose– 25 mg (can be increased under the control of blood pressure, heart rate).
The cardiovascular system: development (worsening) of symptoms of chronic heart failure (swelling of the ankles, feet; shortness of breath), impaired atrioventricular conduction, arrhythmias, bradycardia, marked decrease in blood pressure, orthostatic hypotension, heartbeat.
Central nervous system: dizziness, decreased ability to concentrate, decreased reaction speed, drowsiness or insomnia, depression, hallucinations, increased fatigue, headache, weakness, nightmares, anxiety, confusion or short-term memory loss, paresthesia in the extremities (in patients with " intermittent claudication and Raynaud's syndrome), muscle weakness, convulsions.
Gastrointestinal tract: dry mouth, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, constipation, change in taste.
Respiratory system: dyspnea, bronchospasm, apnea, nasal congestion.
Hematological reactions: platelet purpura, anemia (aplastic), thrombosis;
Endocrine system: gynecomastia, decreased potency, decreased libido, hyperglycemia (in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus), hypoglycemia (in patients receiving insulin), hypothyroid state.
Metabolic reactions: hyperlipidemia.
Skin reactions: urticaria, dermatitis, itching, photosensitivity, increased sweating, skin hyperemia, exacerbation of psoriasis, reversible alopecia. Sense organs: blurred vision, decreased secretion of tear fluid, dry and sore eyes, conjunctivitis.
Effect on the fetus: intrauterine growth retardation, hypoglycemia, bradycardia. Laboratory indicators: agranulocytosis, leukopenia, increased activity of liver enzymes, hyperbilirubinemia.
Others: back pain, arthralgia, withdrawal syndrome (increased angina attacks, increased blood pressure). The frequency of side effects increases with increasing dosage of the drug.
Symptoms: severe bradycardia, AV block II- III degree, increasing symptoms of heart failure, excessive decrease in blood pressure, difficulty breathing, bronchospasm, dizziness, fainting, arrhythmia, ventricular extrasystole, cyanosis of fingernails or palms, convulsions.
Treatment: gastric lavage and administration of adsorbents medicines; if bronchospasm occurs, inhalation or intravenous administration of the beta2-adrenergic agonist salbutamol is indicated. In case of impaired AV conduction, bradycardia - intravenous administration of 1-2 mg of atropine, epinephrine or placement of a temporary pacemaker; for ventricular extrasystole - lidocaine (class 1A drugs are not used); when blood pressure decreases, the patient should be in the Trendelenburg position. If there are no signs of pulmonary edema - intravenous plasma replacement solutions, if ineffective - administration of epinephrine, dopamine, dobutamine; for chronic heart failure - cardiac glycosides, diuretics, glucagon; for convulsions - intravenous diazepam. Dialysis is possible.
Interaction with other drugs
With the simultaneous use of atenolol with insulin, oral hypoglycemic drugs, their hypoglycemic effect is enhanced. When used together with antihypertensive drugs different groups or nitrates increase hypotensive effect. Concomitant use of atenolol and verapamil (or diltiazem) may cause a mutually enhanced cardiodepressive effect. The hypotensive effect is weakened by estrogens (sodium retention) and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, glucocorticosteroids.
With the simultaneous use of atenolol and cardiac glycosides, the risk of developing bradycardia and atrioventricular conduction disorders increases.
When atenolol is prescribed simultaneously with reserpine, methyldopa, clonidine, verapamil, severe bradycardia may occur.
Simultaneous intravenous administration of verapamil and diltiazem can provoke cardiac arrest; nifedipine can lead to a significant decrease in blood pressure.
When taking atenolol simultaneously with ergotamine and xanthine derivatives, its effectiveness is reduced.
Upon termination combined use atenolol and clonidine treatment with clonidine is continued for several days after atenolol is discontinued.
Concomitant use with lidocaine may reduce its elimination and increase the risk of lidocaine toxicity.
Use together with phenothiazine derivatives helps to increase the concentration of each drug in the blood serum.
Phenytoin for intravenous administration, drugs for general anesthesia(hydrocarbon derivatives) increase the severity of the cardiodepressive effect and the likelihood of lowering blood pressure.
When used together with aminophylline and theophylline, mutual suppression of therapeutic effects is possible.
Concomitant use with MAO inhibitors is not recommended due to a significant increase in the hypotensive effect; the break in treatment between taking MAO inhibitors and atenolol should be at least 14 days.
Allergens used for immunotherapy or allergen extracts for skin tests increase the risk of severe systemic allergic reactions or anaphylaxis.
Inhalation anesthetics (hydrocarbon derivatives) increase the risk of suppression of myocardial function and the development of arterial hypertension. Amiodarone increases the risk of bradycardia and AV conduction depression. Cimetidine increases plasma concentrations (inhibits metabolism). Iodine-containing radiopaque drugs for intravenous administration increase the risk of anaphylactic reactions.
Prolongs the effect of non-depolarizing muscle relaxants and the anticoagulant effect of coumarins. Tri- and tetracyclic antidepressants, antipsychotic drugs (neuroleptics), ethanol, sedatives and hypnotics increase depression of the central nervous system. Dehydrated ergot alkaloids increase the risk of developing peripheral circulatory disorders.
Monitoring of patients taking Atenolol should include monitoring heart rate and blood pressure (at the beginning of treatment - daily, then once every 3-4 months), blood glucose levels in patients with diabetes (once every 4-5 months). In elderly patients, it is recommended to monitor renal function (once every 4-5 months).
The patient should be taught how to calculate heart rate and instructed about the need medical consultation at heart rate less than 50 beats/min.
In thyrotoxicosis, atenolol may mask certain Clinical signs thyrotoxicosis (for example, tachycardia). Abrupt withdrawal in patients with thyrotoxicosis is contraindicated because it can increase symptoms. In diabetes mellitus, it can mask tachycardia caused by hypoglycemia. Unlike non-selective beta-blockers, it practically does not enhance insulin-induced hypoglycemia and does not delay the restoration of blood glucose to normal concentrations. In patients with coronary heart disease (CHD), abrupt withdrawal of beta-blockers may cause an increase in the frequency or severity of anginal attacks, so discontinuation of atenolol in patients with CHD should be done gradually. Compared with non-selective beta-blockers, cardioselective beta-blockers have less effect on pulmonary function, however, in obstructive diseases respiratory tract atenolol is prescribed only in case of absolute readings. If it is necessary to prescribe them, in some cases the use of beta2-adrenergic agonists can be recommended. Patients with bronchospastic diseases can be prescribed cardioselective adrenergic blockers in case of intolerance and/or ineffectiveness of other antihypertensive drugs, but the dosage should be strictly monitored. An overdose is dangerous due to the development of bronchospasm. Particular attention is required in cases where surgical intervention under anesthesia is required in patients taking atenolol. The drug should be stopped 48 hours before the intervention. As an anesthetic, you should choose a drug with the least possible negative inotropic effect.
When using atenolol and clonidine simultaneously, atenolol should be discontinued several days before clonidine in order to avoid withdrawal symptoms from the latter. It is possible that the severity of the hypersensitivity reaction may increase and there will be no effect from the usual doses of epinephrine against the background of aggravated allergy history.
Medicines that reduce catecholamine reserves (for example, reserpine) can enhance the effect of beta-blockers, so patients taking such combinations of drugs should be under constant medical supervision to detect a pronounced decrease in blood pressure or bradycardia.
In case of increasing bradycardia (less than 50 beats/min), arterial hypotension (systolic blood pressure below 100 mm Hg), atrioventricular block, bronchospasm, ventricular arrhythmias, severe impairment of liver and kidney function, it is necessary to reduce the dose or discontinue treatment.
It is recommended to discontinue therapy if depression caused by taking beta-blockers develops.
If intravenous administration of verapamil is necessary, this should be done at least 48 hours after taking atenolol.
When using atenolol, it is possible to reduce the production of tear fluid, which is important in patients using contact lenses.
Treatment should not be abruptly interrupted due to the risk of developing severe arrhythmias and myocardial infarction. Cancellation is carried out gradually, reducing the dose over 2 weeks or more (reduce the dose by 25% in 3-4 days).
Should be discontinued before testing the content of catecholamines, normetanephrine and vanillylmandelic acid in the blood and urine; antinuclear antibody titers.
Beta blockers are less effective in smokers.
Pregnant women should be prescribed atenolol only in cases where the benefit to the mother outweighs the potential risk to the fetus. Atenolol is excreted in breast milk, so during breastfeeding it should be taken only at exceptional cases and with great caution.
Impact on the ability to drive and operate machinery
During the treatment period, it is necessary to refrain from engaging in potentially hazardous activities that require increased concentration and speed of psychomotor reactions.
Tablets: 25 mg, 50 mg, 100 mg. 10 tablets per blister made of PVC/aluminum foil. 2, 3, 5 or 10 blisters with instructions for use in a cardboard box.
At a temperature not higher than 25 °C. Out of the reach of children!
5 years. Do not use after the date indicated on the package.
On prescription.
Teva Pharmaceutical Enterprises Ltd., Israel.
Manufacturer
Merkle GmbH, Ludwig-Merkle-Strasse 3, 89143 Blaubeuren, Germany.
Address for receiving complaints:
119049, Moscow, st. Shabolovka, 10, building 1.
Atenolol is a complex cardiovascular drug that helps to effectively cope with arterial hypertension, as well as coronary heart disease.
This medication has pronounced hypotensive (reducing high blood pressure), antiarrhythmic, and also antianginal effects.
Regular use of Atenolol helps to significantly reduce the frequency and strength of heart contractions, while quickly normalizing the pulse.
In general, long-term use of this drug significantly reduces the risk of possible development heavy cardiovascular diseases(myocardial infarction, stroke, etc.), while the mortality rate among many patients is significantly reduced.
After internal administration, the main hypotensive effect appears within 1-2 hours and lasts for more than 20-24 hours.
Main indications for the use of Atenolol:
Attention: Before starting to use Atenolol, it is recommended to consult with a qualified general practitioner!
Available medicinal product in the form of soluble tablets for internal use.
The daily dose of this drug is 1 t. (25 mg.) 1-2 r. the day before meals, drinking plenty of water. The maximum dose of Atenolol per day should not exceed more than 4 tons (200 mg) per day.
The course of treatment and dose of the drug is determined by the attending physician absolutely individually for each patient, depending on the severity of the particular disease.
The initial daily dose of Atenolol at complex treatment angina pectoris is 2 t (50 mg), while maintenance should not exceed more than 1 t (25 mg).
With the development of any adverse reactions After long-term use of Atenolol, it is recommended to consult your doctor!
In this article, we looked at what Atenolol helps with, as well as how to take it correctly.
Analogues of the drug atenolol are presented, in accordance with medical terminology, called “synonyms” - drugs that are interchangeable in their effects on the body, containing one or more identical active ingredients. When selecting synonyms, consider not only their cost, but also the country of production and the reputation of the manufacturer.
Reduces the stimulating effect on the heart of sympathetic innervation and catecholamines circulating in the blood. It has a negative chrono-, dromo-, batmo- and inotropic effect: it reduces heart rate, inhibits conductivity and excitability, and reduces myocardial contractility. OPSS at the beginning of the use of beta-blockers (in the first 24 hours after oral administration) increases (as a result of a reciprocal increase in the activity of α-adrenergic receptors and the elimination of stimulation of β 2 -adrenergic receptors), after 1-3 days it returns to the original level, and when long-term use decreases.
The hypotensive effect is associated with a decrease in minute blood volume, a decrease in the activity of the renin-angiotensin system (of greater importance for patients with initial hypersecretion of renin), the sensitivity of the baroreceptors of the aortic arch (there is no increase in their activity in response to a decrease in blood pressure) and an effect on the central nervous system; manifested by a decrease in both systolic and diastolic blood pressure, a decrease in stroke volume and cardiac output. In average therapeutic doses it has no effect on the tone of peripheral arteries.
The antianginal effect is determined by a decrease in myocardial oxygen demand as a result of a decrease in heart rate (prolongation of diastole and improvement of myocardial perfusion) and contractility, as well as a decrease in the sensitivity of the myocardium to the effects of sympathetic innervation. A decrease in heart rate occurs at rest and during physical activity. By increasing end-diastolic pressure in the left ventricle and increasing the stretch of ventricular muscle fibers, it can increase oxygen demand, especially in patients with chronic heart failure.
The antiarrhythmic effect is due to the elimination of arrhythmogenic factors (tachycardia, increased activity sympathetic nervous system, increased cAMP content, arterial hypertension), a decrease in the rate of spontaneous excitation of sinus and ectopic pacemakers and a slowdown in AV conduction. Inhibition of impulse conduction is observed predominantly in the antegrade and to a lesser extent in the retrograde directions through the AV node and along additional pathways.
Unlike non-selective beta-blockers, when used in average therapeutic doses, it has a less pronounced effect on organs containing β 2 -adrenergic receptors (pancreas, skeletal muscles, smooth muscles of peripheral arteries, bronchi and uterus), and on carbohydrate metabolism; the severity of the atherogenic effect does not differ from the effect of propranolol. The negative bathmo-, chrono-, ino- and dromotropic effects are less pronounced. When used in high doses(more than 100 mg/day) causes blockade of both subtypes of β-adrenergic receptors.
The hypotensive effect lasts 24 hours, and with regular use it stabilizes by the end of 2 weeks of treatment. The negative chronotropic effect appears 1 hour after administration, reaches a maximum after 2-4 hours and lasts up to 24 hours.
Note! The list contains synonyms for Atenolol, which have a similar composition, so you can choose a replacement yourself, taking into account the form and dose of the medicine prescribed by your doctor. Give preference to manufacturers from the USA, Japan, Western Europe, as well as well-known companies from Eastern Europe: KRKA, Gedeon Richter, Actavis, Egis, Lek, Hexal, Teva, Zentiva.
| Release form(by popularity) | price, rub. |
| Atenolol | |
| 50mg No. 30 tab Borisovsky plant (Borisovsky ZMP OJSC (Belarus) | 13.60 |
| 50 mg No. 30 tab Synthesis (Sintez OJSC (Russia) | 15.60 |
| Tab 100 mg N30 Synthesis (Sintez OJSC (Russia) | 17.40 |
| 25mg No. 30 tb.p/pl.o Ozone (Ozone LLC (Russia) | 19.70 |
| 100 mg No. 30 tb.p/pl.o Ozone (Ozone LLC (Russia) | 28.90 |
| Atenobene | |
| Atenova | |
| Atenol | |
| Atenolan | |
| Atenolol Belupo | |
| Tab p/pl.o 100 mg N14 (Belupo, Medicines and cosmetics (Croatia) | 4.10 |
| Tab p/pl.o 25 mg N30 (Belupo, Medicines and cosmetics (Croatia) | 26.10 |
| 50 mg No. 30 tab p/pl.o (Belupo, Medicines and cosmetics (Croatia) | 42.40 |
| Atenolol Nycomed | |
| Tab 50 mg N30 (Nycomed GmbH (Germany) | 43.80 |
| 50mg No. 30 tablet p/pl.o | 46 |
| Tab 100 mg N30 (Nycomed GmbH (Germany) | 54.10 |
| 100 mg No. 30 tablet p/pl.o | 57.40 |
| Atenolol STADA | |
| Atenolol* | |
| Atenolol-Agio | |
| Atenolol-AKOS | |
| Atenolol-Acree | |
| Tab 50mg N30 (Akrikhin (Russia) | 22.70 |
| 100 mg No. 30 tab (Akrikhin KhFK OJSC (Russia) | 22.10 |
| Tab 50mg N30 (Akrikhin KhFK OJSC (Russia) | 23.90 |
| Atenolol-ratiopharm | |
| Atenolol-Teva | |
| Tablets coated.vol. 50 mg, 30 pcs. (Teva, Israel) | 59 |
| Tablets coated.vol. 50 mg 30 pcs. (Teva, Israel) | 59 |
| Atenolol-UBF | |
| Atenolol-FPO | |
| Atenolol tablets | |
| Atenosan | |
| Betacard | |
| Velorin 100 | |
| Vero-Atenolol | |
| Ormidol | |
| Prinorm | |
| Sinar | |
| Tenormin | |
| Participants | % | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Not expensive | 1 | 100.0% | |
| Participants | % | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 per day | 3 | 100.0% | |
| Participants | % | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 11-50mg | 3 | 42.9% | |
| 6-10mg | 2 | 28.6% | |
| 51-100mg | 1 | 14.3% | |
| 101-200mg | 1 | 14.3% | |
There are no reviews |
Instructions
FOR MEDICAL USE
(information for specialist)
The information on the page was verified by physician-therapist E.I. Vasilyeva.
IN home medicine cabinet even healthy person A set of medications necessary for extreme situations is always available. If someone in the family has a “chronicle”, the standard ones: “iodine, peroxide, painkillers, sedatives, yes” will not do.
Hypertensive patients and concurrent heart patients often have atenolol on hand. When the heart “ran wild”, and even responded with pain, atenolol is a good helper, sometimes irreplaceable.
The trade name of the drug and its active substance are the same. Atenolol. This is the first of the drugs in the line. Based on this line, manufacturers from other companies later launched the production of a similar pharmaceutical product.
Atenolol is available in a dosage of 0.1 g (tablets) and half of this dose - 0.05 g. In milligrams these are respectively: 100 and 50.
Tablets of a different dosage – 25 mg – also appeared on sale.
The tablets do not contain any active ingredient pure form. There are always excipients in which these milligrams of medication are distributed. The first, familiar to the older generation, atenolol contains them only in the core, has no shell, and the composition of the drug includes a minimum of additives.
Other companies that took over the production of this drug added a shell. A quantitative (qualitative too) composition has been added chemical substances included in the tablet. The shell contains its components.
The group represented by the drug is beta-blockers. 
Action typical of beta blockers. Atenolol acts selectively, not on the entire body, but in a targeted manner: cardioselectively. Its purpose: to influence the heart and nourish it coronary vessels, help circulatory system hearts to cope with the load. Or relieve, or more often – prevent – an attack of angina pectoris.
Taking atenolol on the first day reduces cardiac output. Reflexively react to this peripheral vessels, their resistance increases. The effect is not curative, but not catastrophic. With continued use, the condition of the blood vessels becomes the same within 24, maximum 72, hours.
Further treatment with atenolol reduces this resistance even compared to the former before the first dose. This reduces blood pressure (antihypertensive effect) and evens out the rhythm in those suffering from arrhythmia. 
The medicine also has an antianginal effect - relieving ischemic symptoms (pain, shortness of breath). Atenolol does not have analgesic properties. The pain goes away because its cause is eliminated. This important point. It’s not just that the symptom is stopped, the healing process occurs.
The scheme is as follows: the medicine has a gentle effect on beta1-adrenergic receptors of the heart and its blood vessels. This reduces the myocardium's need for oxygen, even under stress - physical or emotional. The flow of oxygen at this time is increased, so the drug acts through the nervous system. The volume of blood circulation per unit of time – minute (IOC) decreases. This entails a decrease in both blood pressure values - less systolic and less diastolic.
The myocardial conduction system receives a smaller excitation signal. This stops tachycardia and different kinds extrasystoles. The heart rate slows down, the rhythm of contractions evens out. The heart rate after taking atenolol does not decrease sharply, within about an hour. An abrupt change, the transition from tachycardia to almost bradycardia, is dangerous for the myocardium. The drug works - gently, this is also a plus.
As a result, the heart is protected, oxygen starvation it does not experience, there is no overload. Are blocked dangerous species arrhythmias. The patient's condition is normalized and stabilized.
The action of atenolol specifically affects beta1-adrenergic receptors. There are also beta2-adrenergic receptors in the body.
They regulate the work:
Beta2-adrenergic receptors control metabolic processes (carbohydrate metabolism).
Atenolol in the doses recommended in the instructions for use and prescribed by the doctor does not interfere with the functioning of type 2 adrenergic receptors. Exceeding the dosage can block these receptors, so the maximum is 100 mg, and you should not take more.
The drug is absorbed quickly from the gastrointestinal tract, but not completely; approximately half of the active substance enters the bloodstream. If circumstances require fast action, the tablet is placed under the tongue. There, the mucous membrane has many vessels, and the drug directly enters through them - into the bloodstream.
Traditionally, the use of atenolol is indicated - orally. The sublingual (sublingual) method is only for emergency conditions when other drugs are unavailable for some reason. 
When administered orally (internally, through the mouth), the desired (maximum) concentration of the drug is reached in the blood within two hours of administration. Blood proteins partially, up to 15%, bind the active substance. The liver is not involved in the metabolism of atenolol. It is excreted by the kidneys. The right job the drug has already been made in the body, and up to 100% is excreted (sometimes less - up to 85%) - in the same, unchanged form.
Atenolol's indications for use are few, but very important.
Arterial hypertension. With regular use, pressure stabilization occurs gently but reliably. The drug is used at the initial, first, stage of the disease and at the second. It also helps in combination with drugs from other groups in the treatment of the third stage of hypertension.
That is, according to the instructions for use, in which the patient is looking for what pressure atenolol helps with, it is recommended to use it up to values of 180/110.
But, taken sublingually, crushed under the tongue, it will also help with “over two hundred.” Moreover, it will help – quickly, although they consider him “slow”. The release form is important here: without the shell, the medicine will start working immediately.
The method of consumption is also important: when atenolol is absorbed into the blood from the sublingual vessels, it will act much faster. This property makes atenolol without a shell a valuable assistant in stopping an attack of ischemic heart disease, paroxysm of tachycardia and hypertensive crisis. These pathologies can occur simultaneously or separately; the drug is effective in both cases.
Prevention of angina attacks. When the heart is protected, the likelihood of an attack is almost eliminated. The myocardium has enough nutrition, its tissues and blood vessels do not experience overload. Atenolol acts this way at rest and during physical activity.
Tachycardia. By reducing the heart rate, atenolol directly affects tachycardia, eliminates it, and the rhythm returns to normal values.
There is this type of rhythm disturbance: paroxysmal tachycardia. With this disease, even against the background of habitual bradycardia, paroxysms (attacks) of tachycardia may occur. Conventional treatment difficult: beta blockers slow down the rhythm, and the patient’s rhythm is initially rare. 
But at the time of an attack, it is atenolol that can help if taken sublingually. The action will be quick but short-lived. Which is exactly what is needed, because long-acting medications are dangerous: after an attack, the usual slow rhythm will be established. It is impossible to reduce it even more. Therefore, oral (inside) use is not suitable. Only under the tongue.
Extrasystole. The special value of atenolol is that the medicine, the price of which remains symbolic - a little more than 10 rubles - saves lives. It prevents heart rhythm disturbances. Not only tachycardia - extrasystole. Supraventricular and life-threatening: ventricular.
If erratic extrasystoles occur in a patient who does not constantly take atenolol, and there is medicine, you need to take it. Also - sublingually. This is important for those who cannot tolerate antiarrhythmics from other groups and compositions.
Drug intolerance has become a common occurrence. If atenolol is well tolerated, it can save the life of someone for whom drugs considered more effective do not work.
Individual sensitivity. Intolerance to the drug or sensitivity to its components. The latter began to be observed more often with the advent of atenolol analogues.
The body accepts the active substance itself without problems, but fillers or those included in the shell chemical elements, can easily provoke allergies.
Each company that undertakes to produce a medicine tries to add its own “signature touch,” a new component. They claim that this is an improvement, a protection, an additional therapeutic effect. This is not always the case. Patients who are heavily “stuffed with chemicals” of medications often cannot absorb without allergic reaction This is new and improved.
Atenolol nikomed - analogue primary form– has the same indications for use as atenolol (for hypertension, tachycardia and other indications). Active substance– one, atenolol. It is generally accepted that, produced by a reputable company, atenolol nycomed is devoid of some side effects. It has a shell that will protect the stomach. And it will make the effect of the drug softer.
Look original instructions atenolol nycomed: in terms of use, it is a complete analogue of just atenolol. But the sensitivity of the body may vary, as well as the composition of the excipients.
The medicine itself (of any brand and name: atenolol, atenolol belupo or nycomed) and analogues of the drug have a harsh effect on the gastrointestinal tract. It is enough to take it sublingually once - it will become clear how much. A crushed drug that gets on the tongue or buccal mucosa causes a burn. It is clear that this happens to the gastrointestinal mucosa in any part of it. The membrane will dissolve, atenolol will injure the mucous membrane.
Additional substances of the shells are different. In simple atenolol, the Ozone shell contains titanium oxide, polyvinyl alcohol, and other chemical elements (opadry, macrogol).
The instructions for atenolol nycomed indicate: the shell, among others, contains propylene glycol and hypromellose. These additions will not cause harm to some, and may even help. And someone may not tolerate just one component, reacting with an allergic reaction. 
Additives and brands have greatly increased the cost of the drug; the price of atenolol nycomed is 6 to 10 times higher than its predecessor. Production in Germany seems better to the consumer than domestic medicine. The Russian manufacturer (Zhigulevsk) only doubled the price for the same 30 coated tablets. The name remained the same.
Atenolol Belupo has similar instructions in terms of application, this is the same drug, only made in Croatia. There are representative offices of this pharmaceutical company in Russia. Some additives replicate German ones, and there are also pharmaceutical finds of their own: carnauba wax, disodium edetate dihydrate.
It is worth paying attention to the fact: medicines in a shell are definitely not helpful in extreme situation. Note: initially, atenolol was not intended for force majeure.
If you think about it: what are atenolol tablets prescribed for? For blood pressure and prophylactically for angina pectoris. But still, you can use simple domestic, cheap atenolol with a minimum of fillers and how ambulance. But the more expensive “gentle” forms are not allowed. Only prevention is their task. The shell will “reduce speed” and can aggravate an already dangerous condition.
Bradycardia. The rhythm is pathologically slow; it is impossible to reduce the heart rate, which atenolol does. Guideline contraindications: heart rate less than 60. The exception is described above: “Indications. Tachycardia". 
SSSU. Weakness of the pacemaker - the sinus node, or its dysfunction does not tolerate the intervention of beta-blockers. Contractions of the heart parts in this pathology are chaotic, the effect of atenolol cannot be predicted.
Decompensated or acute CHF. The drug increases left gastric load and diastolic blood pressure at the beginning of treatment, this is dangerous in these cases. The left ventricle of the heart is already overloaded in hypertensive patients, and therefore is compensatedly enlarged.
The heart does not fully relax: the pressure at the moment of supposed relaxation (diastole) is significantly increased. Enhancing this effect with atenolol, even for a short time, is a risk. With continuous use there will be oxygen deficiency myocardium.
Cardiomegaly (bovine heart). Myocardial muscles enlarge, become decrepit, and other methods of assistance are used here. Conductivity is impaired, it is not advisable to act on it with beta blockers, it can cause severe - even irreparable - consequences.
Low blood pressure (hypotension). Especially if it’s dangerous during a heart attack. Even if there is no heart attack, it can happen. Low blood pressure, with weak blood vessels of patients arterial hypertension or cores, will not provide sufficient blood flow to nourish the myocardium and brain. The likelihood of vascular accidents increases. 
Taking MAO inhibitors. Combination with atenolol is unacceptable. This combination is fraught with severe orthostatic hypotension.
Do not take the drug if:
Under supervision, with caution if installed:
Pregnant and elderly - special care when used. Prescribed according to vital indications, carefully monitoring the condition.
Once a day, before meals. The minimum initial dose is 50 mg. The usual therapeutic dose with normal tolerance is 100 mg. Conclusions about effectiveness – after two weeks. 100 mg - maximum; if there are kidney problems, reduce the dosage by half.
Dangerous when combined with:
It is necessary to regularly monitor when taking atenolol:
You should not stop the medicine abruptly, this will worsen the condition and the symptoms may worsen:
Before operations with anesthesia, the medicine will be stopped earlier. Pause – two days, then only anesthesia.
The interval between the administration of verapamil and the administration of Atenolol is 48 hours.
Analogs of atenolol, its absolute twins, even the instructions for use are the same, only the prices differ, sometimes the names, and reviews from cardiologists and patients. Here are the analogues:
Prescription release.
Pharmacology is now actively developing, new drugs appear every day, pharmacies are full of advertisements. But how to really choose effective remedy from hypertension? Doctors often simply give prescriptions without talking about the details. But the patient should know more about the medications he is taking. Therefore, in this article we will take a detailed look at the most commonly prescribed drug for hypertension - Atenolol.
Atenolol (INN - Atenolol) is a drug from the group of cardioselective beta-blockers that selectively acts on nerve impulses of the myocardium. The medicine helps reduce the amount of blood pumped out by the heart and lowers blood pressure.
Available in the form of tablets containing from 25 to 100 mg of active substance. The price varies depending on the prescribed dosage, the number of tablets in the package and the manufacturer. Each company introduces new components into its composition to improve the quality of the product.
The emphasis is mainly on modifying the tablet shells, which could minimize the load on the gastrointestinal tract.
The active substance of the drug is atenolol. Auxiliary components:
Atenolol selectively acts on myocardial cells without disrupting the functions of other organs:
On the first day of taking the drug, vascular resistance in the periphery increases, as stimulation of beta2-adrenergic receptors disappears. This effect most often disappears after 24 hours, sometimes lasting for 72 hours (very rarely). In the future, with continued therapy, the resistance will first return to the original readings, and later begin to decrease, leveling out the heart rhythm.
Atenolol has three important properties that help fight serious diseases of the cardiovascular system:
It has no analgesic effect, the pain goes away because its cause is eliminated.
Indications for therapy with Atenolol:
There are also some contraindications:
The main rule is to carry out therapy strictly as prescribed by the doctor. The product should be taken orally, without chewing, with a small amount of liquid. The dose is selected individually, taking into account the characteristics of each organism. It is recommended to start with a dosage of 50 mg per day.
The regimen for taking the tablets is once a day (it is not advisable to take them more often, since the drug is effective for 24 hours).
The upper limit of the daily dose is 200 mg. After two to three months of taking Atenolol, the dosage should be gradually reduced, as the drug can cause withdrawal symptoms.
From the cardiovascular system, atrioventicular conduction disturbances, bradycardia, and signs of heart failure (rare) are possible.
Patients also complain of headaches, dizziness, various sleep disorders, fatigue, depression. IN in rare cases vomiting, nausea, dyspeptic disorders and dryness in the oral cavity. Dermatological reactions manifest themselves in the form of itching, redness of the skin, urticaria, and alopecia.
When taking Atenolol, you should adhere to the dosage indicated in the prescription of the attending physician, since an overdose of beto-adrenoblockers ends in 90% of cases fatal. Lethal dose Atenolol - 2 g (20 tablets).
With frequent use of the medicine (more than 3 tablets per day), the following symptoms of overdose are observed:
If you notice the above symptoms, you should urgently contact your cardiologist!
During pregnancy, Atenolol is prescribed in extreme cases, as it penetrates the placenta and negatively affects the fetus, causing problems with intrauterine development.
In case of individual intolerance to Atenolol, the attending physician will select an analogue. The list can be found below:
Patients and cardiologists generally leave positive reviews about the drug, but indicate the presence of side effects:
Artem, 35 years old: “I recently encountered a problem such as hypertension, my blood pressure stayed at 160/110 for a week, I had a terrible headache, I couldn’t concentrate on anything. The doctor prescribed me Atenolol from the manufacturer Nycomed.
At the first appointment, it began to seem that I was only getting worse, but after a day, my condition began to improve a little. After a week of taking it, I completely forgot about the headaches, my blood pressure returned to normal. I am satisfied with both the effect of the drug and its price.”
Oksana, 46 years old: “I have been suffering from hypertension since I was 30 years old, I have already tried many medications, but Atenolol is the only drug that lowers blood pressure. long time, one tablet a day is enough for normal well-being.
True, over time, a side effect began to appear in the form of increased sweating, which causes discomfort, but the torment from high blood pressure much worse. Overall, I am very pleased with Atenolol. Perhaps in the future it will be necessary to replace it with some analogue, but so far the doctor has not recommended anything, I will continue to use the proven remedy.”
Vitaly, 50 years old: “After 45 years, I began to suffer from severe tachycardia, after an examination, I was prescribed Atenolol, which only worsened my condition. The heart rhythm improved, but a dry mouth appeared and constipation began to bother me, although I had never encountered it before. Yes, and general state health has deteriorated significantly. The only plus of this medicine is affordable price, that's all".
Alevtina, 54 years old:
“A couple of months ago on the bus there was a sharp pang in my chest, it was as if my heart was being squeezed with my hand, it became difficult to breathe, I was already mentally saying goodbye to life... But luckily there was a woman on the bus who, as it turned out, suffers from high blood pressure, she handed me a pill and told me to put it down under the tongue. I had neither the strength nor the desire to argue and ask questions, so I listened.This tablet turned out to be Atenolol. I won’t say that I felt much better, but the panic attack began to fade a little, it became easier for me to breathe, and I was able to wait for the ambulance and get to the hospital. As it turned out, he caught me on the bus acute attack angina pectoris, and if it weren’t for this woman with Atenolol, I don’t know where I would be now.”
Georgy Rostislavovich Zagoyan, cardiologist:""Atenolol is quite good drug from hypertension of the 1st and 2nd degrees, at one time it was generally a salvation for many of my patients, but, despite its effectiveness, I try to prescribe it as rarely as possible. Yes, it helps, but it “cripples.” Unfortunately, the drug has many contraindications and side effects that cause harm and discomfort to patients.
Nowadays, it is possible to replace Atenolol with other, improved drugs that help no worse, or even better, and at the same time have a much more meager list of side effects and contraindications. Yes, analogues are much more expensive than Atenolol, but I think it’s better not to skimp on health, especially since we all know the mortality statistics from cardiovascular diseases.”
Marchenko Raisa Dmitrievna, cardiologist:“I have been working as a doctor for more than 20 years, and I have encountered at different stages heart diseases. Atenolol very often becomes a salvation for my patients. Yes, most often it should be taken in combination with other drugs, but in many cases it alone is enough.
The drug copes well with hypertension, chronic angina, tachycardia, reduces the load on the heart and relieves pain. And I want to draw your attention to the fact that Atenolol specifically treats the cause, and does not act as a painkiller, which is very important for diseases of the cardiovascular system.
Lately, it has become fashionable to abandon old, proven medications and switch to analogues that appear almost every day, but I am not a fan of this strategy. If the medicine helps and does not cause complications in a particular patient, then I will insist on taking Atenolol.
This beta blocker is quite long acting, one tablet is enough for a day, you just have to remember that it should be taken strictly at the same time, for better therapeutic effect. In addition, analogues are much more expensive and not every person, even with a strong desire, can afford to purchase them. It’s another matter if the patient has intolerance this drug, then the use of an analogue is justified.”
Atenolol for a long time was the main drug for hypertension, but over time, many analogues began to appear that have the same effect, but at the same time their list of side effects is much smaller. Each pharmacological company that produces an analogue tries to improve the drug by adding new excipients.
When starting to take Atenolol, you should always consider individual characteristics your body and monitor your blood pressure readings and kidney condition. Change daily dose Taking medications on your own is also not recommended; this can lead to serious complications, including death.
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