28.04.2019

Beware of sun allergies! There is no allergic component in the sun's rays: it is necessary to observe moderation and not sunbathe all day long

The sun is not only vitamin D and a good mood, but also the danger of getting a burn. Photodermatitis is a disease caused by hypersensitivity skin to the sun's rays. According to Natalya Muratova, a specialist at the Good Doctor clinic, photodermatitis can occur in anyone.

The sun is not only vitamin D and a good mood, but also the danger of getting a burn. Photodermatitis is a disease caused by increased sensitivity of the skin to sunlight. According to Natalya Muratova, a specialist at the Good Doctor clinic, photodermatitis can occur in anyone.

K in to a greater extent Are you allergic to the sun?

I want to disappoint you, “sun allergy” is a popular name; there is no allergic component in the sun’s rays. The toxic or allergic effect of the sun occurs when the sun's UV rays interact with any substance located on or in the skin.

People with very fair skin are most sensitive to solar radiation. In addition, these may include adults and children who have other allergic reactions. Photodermatitis can also occur if, before going out into the sun, a person sensitive to it applied cream or ointment or used perfume and deodorant. The fact is that substances included in various cosmetics or perfumes can react with UV rays and cause an allergic reaction. A recent infectious disease and taking medications that are photosensitizers (for example, some antibiotics) can also provoke photodermatitis, so you should carefully study the description side effects. Anyone can have a sun allergy.

How does photodermatitis manifest? How to understand that the signs that appear are an allergy to the sun?

Photodermatitis manifests itself in the form of blisters, redness, itching and peeling of the skin that occurs after contact with the sun. As a rule, rashes appear on the face, less often on the body, and very rarely on the arms and legs. The disease often develops when traveling to the sea, to a country with a more active, unusual sun for us.

Is it possible for people who are allergic to the sun to travel to the south?

Many people who have developed a “sun allergy” once in their life are sure that they should not sunbathe. This is wrong. If certain sunbathing safety precautions are followed, they can sunbathe safely. And children often completely outgrow this allergy.

If signs of photodermatitis appear on vacation, what measures should be taken? Does this mean your beach holiday is ruined?

For mild photodermatitis, you can use gels or creams containing antihistamines (fenistil). You can lubricate with panthenol, make wet wraps with green tea infusion. Be sure to give an antihistamine appropriate for the child's age. At severe lesions skin doctor may prescribe hormonal cream. For small children this is serious problem There may be a rise in body temperature, while the child refuses to eat. Therefore, there is no time to think - the child must be taken to the doctor immediately. Pregnant and breastfeeding women cannot self-medicate and must stop contact with the allergen.

What is good and healthy is what is in moderation. How should you sunbathe without causing harm to your health?

It is necessary to minimize the use of perfumes and cosmetics during exposure to the sun;
- it is necessary to observe moderation and not sunbathe all day long. The most beneficial times for sunbathing are from 6 to 10 am and from 4 to 7 pm. During the hottest hours, from 10 to 16, it is better to hide indoors or sit in the shade (at this time the sun is most harmful);
- do not do any serious cosmetic procedures before going to the sea - grinding, peeling;
do not take medications that increase skin sensitivity to UV rays;
- when going to the beach, be sure to wear a wide-brimmed hat, sunglasses and sunscreen high factor protection (from 30 to 50 SPF).

I would like to say something about small children separately. The skin of children under three years of age always belongs to the highest phototype. This means that it is very susceptible to the sun and can give rise to a whole range of different photodermatitis. The child should not be exposed to direct sunlight; the baby should be dressed in light clothing made from natural fabrics with long sleeves; Make sure that your head, neck and ears are covered. By observing these not too difficult conditions, you can get a great tan without any trouble. And even forget for a while that the sun is the main enemy of our skin.

If you are allergic to the sun, all of them exist. Can you deal with it? Sun allergy forever? Or can it be cured?

If this is not the first time this problem has bothered you, then you need to contact a specialist. And it’s better to start doing prevention a couple of months before summer, that is, from March – April. First of all, regulate problems with the gastrointestinal tract and eliminate helminthic infestation. IN spring period exclude eggs, nuts, chocolate, hot and spicy foods, sorrel, ketchup from the child’s diet - they worsen the condition.

Why is photodermatitis dangerous?

With repeated photodermatitis, eczema may develop. Therefore, if photodermatitis occurs for the second time, then further contact with the sun should be minimized, and tanning is strictly contraindicated.

Marina Karepanova

Good Doctor Medical Center Aldi LLC

Multidisciplinary medical Center for adults and children: consultation with specialists: pediatrician, allergist-immunologist, neonatologist, endocrinologist, urologist-andrologist, surgeon, homeopath, infectious disease specialist, chiropractor, ophthalmologist, otolaryngologist, cardiologist

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Almost 90% of all allergic reactions occur to foods such as milk, fish, seafood, eggs, cereals, legumes, honey, nuts, chocolate (cocoa). A fairly large number of vegetables, fruits and berries are also involved in allergies. By the way, Europeans are very often allergic to celery, the Japanese are allergic to buckwheat, Americans are allergic to milk and peanuts, and Australians are allergic to certain types of meat.

“Place of honor” among potential culprits skin itching and deterioration of general well-being in people prone to allergies are occupied by semi-finished products, canned food, fast food (which is full of “taste improvers” and flavorings), smoked foods, ready-made sauces, and sweet carbonated drinks.

Those who suffer from various types of hay fever (hay fever) have an allergic reaction to certain foods. Thus, with bronchial asthma, which arose as an allergy to pollen, a negative reaction of the immune system is caused by wheat bread, nuts, honey and some fruits. And in the case of so-called aspirin-induced bronchial asthma, you should completely avoid eating raspberries, apricots, oranges, cherries, apples and strawberries, the chemical composition of which contains derivatives of 2-hydroxybenzoic (i.e. salicylic) acid.

What can you eat if you are allergic to cat hair? Almost everything except pork and beef.

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Is it possible to eat seeds if you have allergies? If you are allergic to ragweed pollen, then you can’t (like sunflower oil). With this type of hay fever, you should also avoid eating watermelon, melon, strawberries, citrus fruits, celery, dill with parsley and spices (curry, pepper, anise, nutmeg, cinnamon, ginger and coriander).

What can you eat if you are allergic to cow's milk proteins (lactoalbumin, lactoglobulin and casein)? Everything that is not contraindicated, but milk itself is contraindicated, everything dairy products, butter, cream, cheese, ice cream, and wheat bread. At the same time, tea, compotes, juices, Rye bread, all grains, vegetables and meat, as well as vegetable fats.

Recommendations regarding what foods to eat if you have an allergy are similar for those who are not allergic to milk proteins, but are lactose intolerant - that is, they lack the lactase enzyme necessary to digest milk sugar. What can you eat if you are allergic to gluten and similar proteins from cereal plants? Yes, in principle, everything, except for those products and dishes that contain wheat, rye, oats, barley and millet.

Now, by eliminating what allergy sufferers cannot eat, you can easily determine which foods you can eat if you have allergies.

What can you eat if you have a food allergy?

To fully understand what you can eat if you have allergies, you need to remember about false allergies or, as experts call it, food intolerance, which is observed much more often today than 20-30 years ago.

In this case, the body’s negative reaction to many food products has nothing to do with the production of protective antibodies. A false allergy cannot be detected by any skin tests for a specific allergen; in this case, the content of total immunoglobulin E (IgE) in the blood is absolutely normal, and there is no specific IgE at all.

Although the clinical picture of such pseudo-allergic reactions is expressed in the same redness of the skin and rash, headache, sore throat and cough, feeling of fever and dyspepsia.

Biochemical studies have shown that such a reaction after eating certain foods is caused by a sharp increase in the content of biogenic amines - histamine, tyramine and serotonin, which are synthesized in the body from essential amino acids. Histamine is synthesized from histidine, tyramine from tyrosine, and serotonin from tryptophan. And the human body reacts precisely to those products that contain significant amount these amino acids.

What can you eat if you are allergic to foods containing histidine (which is converted to histamine)? Everything except foods with large amounts of this amino acid, which include: cereals (primarily wheat), egg white, pork liver, shrimp, cocoa, chocolate, cheese, fish (fresh, frozen, salted, smoked, hung), ham and sausages, red wine and beer, sauerkraut, tomatoes, spinach, eggplant, bananas, pineapple, strawberries, avocado .

By the way, it’s time to reveal the secret of what kind of fish you can eat if you have allergies. In addition to histidine, fish contains the protein ichtulin - a rather strong allergen, which, when cooked, turns into fish soup. So fish soup lovers should keep this in mind. But that is not all. Sea fish has more pronounced allergenic properties than freshwater fish. And that's not all. Turns out,

During the storage of herring, mackerel, sardines, bonito, tuna, salmon, pink salmon, chum salmon, etc., histidine transforms into histamine (under the influence of microflora enzymes present at trading centers and stores). And the increase in histamine content can be many times higher than the maximum permissible level. In addition, fish contains the amino acid tryptophan, which is converted in the human body into the “happiness hormone” serotonin. There is as much tryptophan in fish as in sunflower seeds, poultry meat, rabbit meat and beans.

Good question - what can you eat if you have an allergy associated with foods that have high content tryptophan. Indeed, among such products, in addition to those mentioned above, include chicken eggs, almost all types of meat (except rabbit), beef liver, mushrooms, soybeans, melon, bananas, oranges, dates, dried apricots, chocolate, peanuts, almonds. But most of all tryptophan is found in caviar (red and black) and cheese, both hard and processed. This leads to a logical negative answer to the question: is it possible to have cheese if you have an allergy? But eat cheeses made without enzymes - feta cheese, Adyghe, Suluguni - for your health.

It's time to answer the question - what can you eat if you have an allergy that is associated with foods containing tyrosine - a precursor of the hormone tyramine, hypersensitivity to which causes headaches, as well as itchy skin rashes. To avoid the appearance of these symptoms, you can eat everything except: cheeses, citrus fruits, sausages and smoked meats, marinated (as well as smoked and dried) fish, bananas, tomatoes, eggplants, potatoes, spinach, legumes. This also includes brewer's yeast and beer.

What fruits can you have if you have allergies?

Everyone knows that, despite their high vitamin value, all citrus fruits have the highest allergenic effect on the body - oranges, tangerines, lemons, grapefruits, pomelo, bergamot. Although the vitamin P they contain (biologically) active substances quercetin, catechin, hesperdin) prevents the production of histamine and serotonin and alleviates the condition of bronchial asthma.

It has been established that red fruits and vegetables have the highest level of allergenicity, while orange and yellow ones have a slightly lower level. And only occasionally there may be an allergic reaction to white and green vegetables or fruits. Therefore, even if you have an allergy, you can eat apples and pears with green peels, yellow varieties of plums, and berries - yellow cherries, white currants, and gooseberries.

Here it is appropriate to finally find out whether bananas are okay for allergies. Considering great content They contain the essential amino acids tryptophan and tyrosine; eating bananas if you have allergies is not recommended. For those who are allergic to latex, bananas are simply contraindicated, as are fruits such as avocado, kiwi, mango and pineapple.

What can you drink if you have allergies?

First of all, you can quench your thirst with purified drinking water and mineral water without gas. Tea without additives and flavorings, compote from dried pears and apples, rosehip infusion.

But you can’t drink cocoa, beer, kvass and fruit carbonated drinks if you have allergies. Also, all types of alcohol are considered potentially highly allergenic drinks, primarily red grape wines, vermouth, various liqueurs and liqueurs.

A separate point is the question - is it possible to have coffee if you have allergies? Unfortunately, allergies to caffeine and polyphenol chlorogenic acid contained in coffee occur quite often on their own, as well as in people who cannot tolerate certain other products.

Is it possible to swim if you have allergies?

According to most allergists, swimming when allergic manifestations on the skin it is possible and necessary. But this must be done wisely. Firstly, it is better to replace bathing with a shower. Secondly, the water temperature should not be higher than +38-40°C. Thirdly, the duration of home water procedures need to be reduced to 10-15 minutes. So, as you understand, the question “is it possible to steam if you have allergies” is not even discussed in this situation.

Finally, the presence of allergic dermatosis requires the use of hypoallergenic detergents (without dyes and fragrances), as well as the avoidance of hard washcloths and various body scrubs.

By the way, swimming in the sea during the velvet season has a beneficial effect on the condition of the skin with atopic dermatitis. Although if this type of allergy recurs, it’s still not worth the risk.

Is it possible to sunbathe if you have allergies?

Increased sensitivity to ultraviolet radiation - photodermatosis - is considered a skin disease, and allergists do not classify it as an allergy as such due to the absence of a protein allergen... They believe that solar radiation only contributes to the appearance of allergic skin reactions that accompany other diseases or the use of certain types of medications.

But in the presence of diagnosed chronic atopic dermatitis - with exudative rashes, high levels of specific IgE antibodies and increased sensitivity to specific and nonspecific irritants - sunbathing in the sun, and especially in a solarium, is contraindicated.

Proper nutrition for allergic diseases, including those caused by certain foods, is a critical component of overall health. When a person with such a pathology knows exactly what he can eat if he has an allergy and follows the doctor’s recommendations, he minimizes the manifestations of the disease and thereby improves the quality of his life.

- This is a specific reaction of the body's immune system to the harmful effects of ultraviolet rays.

Symptoms of photocrmatitis generally include red spots, unpleasant itching, or blisters. With its unexpected appearance, an allergy can significantly ruin your life.

It must be said that sun allergies do not occur without reason. Sunlight only provokes some allergens to react.

Factors causing photodermatitis:

Types of sun allergies.

In general, sun allergies can be divided into two types: endogenous and exogenous photodermatitis.

Endogenous photodermatitis.

An allergy that appears after the interaction of ultraviolet rays with various substances. These include:

Personal care products: creams, oils, etc.
Bee bread and flower pollen
Cosmetics and perfumes
Citrus fruit

Most often, after stopping any contact with the above substances, the allergy disappears.

Important! An allergic reaction to the sun is often caused by the accumulation of various types of medications in the human body that provoke photodermatitis.

Medicines that cause photodermatitis:

Antidepressants
Medicines for the heart and blood vessels
Contraceptives
Aspirin

Exogenous photodermatitis.

A disease that is associated with characteristics of the body, immune system or heredity.

Low melanin levels
Weak immunity or infectious diseases: tuberculosis, influenza, whooping cough and others

Important! Each type of sun allergy has its own characteristics, so only a dermatologist can decide how to deal with this disease.

What ointments should I use to cure sun allergies?

It should be noted that all antiallergenic ointments and creams can be divided into two groups: hormonal and non-hormonal.

Non-hormonal ointments are absolutely safe and have virtually no contraindications. They are prescribed even to infants and are approved for use for any period of time. They are often prescribed for food allergies and photodermatitis. The best are: zinc-based ointment, fenistil and gistane.
Hormonal ointments are strong and effective remedies that act instantly. However, they can only be used for a short period of time (up to 5-7 days). They also have a decent list of contraindications. TO hormonal drugs The following drugs include: fluorocor, elocom and others.

Medicines and tablets for photodermatitis

Important! Any self-medication can only worsen the initial condition. In order to take any of the drugs used to treat sun allergies, a thorough examination and strict supervision of the attending physician is necessary.

After you have identified and eliminated the factors that caused photodermatitis in your case, you need to start taking antihistamines. They will help you remove unpleasant feeling, itching and redness. The most common are: Zyrtec, Erius, Suprastin, Diazolin and others.
The next step is to use anti-inflammatory drugs. Such as: parcetomol, nimesil, ibuprofen, etc.

Treatment at home

In order to get rid of the unpleasant symptoms of sun allergy (unpleasant itching, rash), you need to take baths with the addition of fir, pine needles and spruce
Traditional medicine claims that a decoction of geranium leaves (three spoons for the same number of glasses of warm water) copes well with photodermatitis.
Water procedures along with all kinds of leaves of herbs and trees will help relieve redness. Can be used: leaves of birch, viburnum, rosehip and mint
According to the advice, celery root juice works great for photodermatitis. It must be taken 4 times a day, 5 ml.

Prevention of photodermatitis.

Fair-skinned and fair-haired people need to spend less time in the sun
UV protection must be reliable. Sunscreen creams marked SPF not less than +50 degrees. For example, Evalar
When exposed to sunlight, it is necessary to minimize the use of any cosmetic products.
Cover your body with clothing as much as possible
Spend more time in the shade
The optimal time for tanning is before 11 and after 18 hours
Do not bring your condition to an extreme stage and when the first symptoms of an allergy to the sun appear, go to the doctor

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I heard (read) somewhere that adenoids and allergies are somehow connected... Either you can’t remove them if you have allergies, or, on the contrary, allergies provoke the growth of adenoids... Tell me, does anyone know anything specifically on this issue?

...It looks like it's an ultraviolet allergy or solar urticaria. Red-haired children with light eyes and milky-white skin are more prone to photodermatoses (this is the scientific name for this scourge). Without special protection, a child with fiery hair can withstand the scorching rays for no more than 5-10 minutes, and blondes - up to 15 minutes. Their skin has very few cells that produce the melan pigment...
...It causes a lot of unpleasant moments, but, fortunately, in most cases it goes away quite quickly. This usually involves taking an antihistamine, hiding in the shade, and wearing clothing that covers your body. During the first days of being on the beach, the child is allowed to sunbathe only under an awning. And in subsequent days, expose the skin to direct rays before 10 a.m. and after 6 p.m. During the day, be sure to use sunscreen with a maximum SPF factor (40-50). If your son or daughter has a tendency to photodermatosis, choose Karelia, the Murmansk region, the Baltic states, and Scandinavia over hot countries for a vacation with them. And have...

...Before visiting a solarium, consult your doctor. Sunbathing is strictly contraindicated for people taking the following medications: tranquilizers, antidepressants, painkillers, and antibiotics. These drugs increase the skin's photosensitivity and can cause allergies. In addition, solarium is contraindicated for people who have many moles on their body, as they may degenerate into melanoma - cancerous tumor, formed in many cases at the site of a brown nevus (mole) and consisting of melanocytes - skin cells in which the melanin pigment accumulates. If the doctor has given the go-ahead for sunbathing, your...

...Peelings fruit acids again they are the most comfortable. After them, peeling begins on the 2-3rd day and lasts only a couple of days. But other types of peelings will “delight” you with severe peeling, which can last a whole week. Consequences such as swelling of the skin are common, which also goes away with time. — Is it possible to somehow reduce the severity of all these phenomena? - Without a doubt. To do this, you need to properly care for your skin. The main task is to moisturize it and restore the damaged barrier layer. In the first days, it is best to use cosmetics in the form of gels or foam. They are easy to apply and quickly absorbed. Approximately on the 3-5th day you can switch to creams. They must contain moisturizing...
...Under no circumstances indulge in self-medication. Some herbal mask according to your grandmother’s recipe can provoke an allergic reaction, which will increase the rehabilitation time several times. — Is it possible to develop an allergy to the peeling itself? - Very rarely. Allergies can only be caused by additional components included in the peeling. In addition, post-peeling masks and creams contain active ingredients, which can also provoke a reaction. Here you need to act immediately. As soon as redness, itching and swelling appear, you should intramuscular injection antihistamines. And to prevent this from happening, you need to inform the doctor about all the changes before the procedure...

...The resulting solutions are administered intradermally in minimal quantities. If the patient is allergic to one or more of the listed substances, then local swelling develops around the injection of the corresponding allergen. What should be done if OAZ manifests itself and what drugs can be used? If the allergen is known, eliminate exposure immediately. See your doctor. If it is not possible to consult a doctor, be guided by the following information about antiallergic drugs. 1st generation of H2-histamine blockers: Suprastin (chlorpyramidine) - prescribed for the treatment of acute allergic…

Sunny rain: do you need an umbrella? - determine your personal...

…No! They are completely useless, since they protect primarily from b-rays, and there are none in solariums anyway. There are special cosmetics for artificial sun, but they are sold only in elite fitness clubs. What is completely undesirable in a solarium is ordinary decorative cosmetics. Before the session, makeup must be removed so as not to cause allergies. But a-rays are not harmless: they penetrate deeper into tissues, the skin becomes tanned and ages quickly, and may develop dark spots, and in the most unfavorable case - cancerous tumors. In addition, in terms of radiation intensity, a five-minute session in a solarium is equal to a twenty-minute session under the hot sun. You need to take this into account and sunbathe regularly, but...

...a, rose hips, bananas; dairy products; horse meat, rabbit meat, turkey, lean pork, lean lamb; cauliflower, white cabbage, broccoli, zucchini, squash, cucumbers; green varieties of apples and pears, white and red currants, white and yellow cherries, yellow varieties of plums; garden greens (parsley, dill); Diagnosis of allergies As early as possible, it is necessary to establish and eliminate the cause of the disease - allergenic products. To do this, the allergist collects allergy history(finds out who and what in your family had an allergic reaction), instructs you to lead food diary(gradually reintroducing all the products, write down what the baby ate - what the reaction was, a new product in 3-5 days, etc.). Skin tests can be performed to accurately determine the allergen. Affairs…

Sun, sea and... pregnancy. Active pregnancy

...for the purpose of dechlorination, followed by the addition of boiling water; You should avoid swimming in pools with chlorinated water or take a moderately warm shower after the session using mild cleansers; Do not rub your child’s skin with washcloths; After bathing, the skin should be gently patted dry with a soft towel and moisturizer should be applied. skin softening means; the child’s clothes should be made from natural materials; in case of severe allergic skin reactions, they can be ironed; pillows and blankets must have synthetic fillers; the baby should be dressed rationally, avoiding overheating, which provokes allergic dermatitis; the materials from which toys are made must meet all safety requirements; it is better to limit the use of synthetic detergents (toilet soaps with additives, bath foams, shower gels, etc.) or they should be marked “hypoallergenic”; It is not recommended to keep pets and even aquarium fish, dry food for which can aggravate allergies; the air in the home should be clean, cool, moderately humid; It is advisable to take more walks with your child. Many parents wonder whether their child’s food allergies will stop as they get older. As they grow, the functions of the liver and intestines and the immune system improve, which allows us to hope for the cessation of allergies to milk, eggs, vegetables, etc., especially if parents take anti-allergic measures. Only 1-2% of children experience food allergies during adult life. Irina Kiryanova, pediatrician, candidate of medical sciences….

The desire to improve one's own appearance and the desire to follow fashion trends (and a tanned face and body are now in high esteem) do not leave a woman in any position or condition. Moreover, during maternity leave there is free time, which, depending on the season, can be spent on beach…

Erosion and solarium. Medicine and health

Is it possible to sunbathe in a solarium and in general with cured erosion? Thank you in advance.

How to remove redness? burned down ((. Fashion and beauty

Girls, does anyone know a way to quickly remove redness? from being in the sun yesterday, today my face has become the color of a tomato, or the flag of the USSR:((And I urgently need to go to the subway, ahhh, it’s terrible, I’m just like a lantern 🙁 Please advise what to do? (P.S. By the way, I applied cream, but there was wind and the burning sun , and SPF is low:((()

Solarium before or after the pool? Fashion and beauty

Please tell me how to do it correctly: swim first, then sunbathe, or vice versa? Or it’s better not to combine this in a row at all. If you go into the pool after a tanning salon, it seems to me that the tan will not have time to stick - it will immediately be washed off with bleach. And if after the pool the skin becomes a little dry after the bleach, I always apply the cream right away, but if I go straight to the solarium I’m afraid it will peel. Tell me please

Quartz lamp. Fashion and beauty

Please tell me. I have white skin that is unable to tan. All my attempts to tan ended either in burns (terrible, even in childhood), or some kind of “spotty” tan. It seemed like she did everything according to the rules - she applied cream and sunbathed at the right hours. In general, I have already come to terms with the pale filthiness. And then my husband dug up a quartz lamp somewhere on the mezzanine. He says you can sunbathe under it. It turned out to be a wonderful thing. Indeed, after 5 times the tan is already visible. I was so fascinated by her that...

conf.7ya.ru

Urticaria is a skin disease of allergic origin very similar to nettle rash, which is also called nettle fever. The disease bothers the patient with itchy, raised, light red blisters. The disease itself is either an independent allergic reaction to an irritant or is a manifestation of almost any disease.

The disease appears due to acute inflammatory swelling of the connective tissue of the papillary layer of the skin. Nettle rash likes to team up with allergic edema Quincke. Every third person has encountered this disease at least once in their life. In the structure of diseases of allergic origin, K. is immediately behind bronchial asthma. People between 20 and 60 years of age (mostly women) are most often susceptible to allergic rashes.

Urticaria - causes

The causes of the occurrence lie in the body’s allergic reaction to irritants; fungal or bacterial allergens and insect bites can also be provocateurs. Impaired liver function, metabolism, gastrointestinal tract, kidney disease can also cause the disease. Often, chronic K. may appear after prolonged exposure to cold, heat, sunlight, pressure, viral diseases, antibiotics, aspirin and other medications taken. Currently, the diagnosis and treatment of allergies is a serious problem, since all the causes of urticaria are not fully understood. And establishing the root cause of an allergic rash is the key to successful and effective treatment

Urticaria - symptoms

The main symptom of urticaria is skin blisters on the body. In appearance, urticaria resembles a red mark, like after an insect bite or a burn left by nettles. Main sign diseases - rash. The rashes are symmetrical, asymmetrical, chaotic. They can be multiple, single, small, large. Elements of the rash can appear and migrate anywhere on the skin. Unpleasant, incessant itching bothers the area where the rash occurs. The disease is characterized by reversibility of the elements and after stopping the attack, the skin returns to its original state

Urticaria - forms

Depending on the duration of the disease and symptoms, following forms: acute, chronic, recurrent.

Acute K. is characterized by a duration from several hours to two weeks. Occurs due to an allergic reaction to medications, foods, infections, as well as insect bites.

Chronic K. occurs with various pathologies and often together with Quincke's edema lasting up to several months. The disease is associated with dysfunction of the kidneys, liver, gastrointestinal tract, foci of chronic infection, toxicosis of pregnant women, and the disintegration of malignant tumors. It is a misconception to believe that angioedema affects only the face and throat. This swelling can appear on the feet, hands, and other parts of the body.

Recurrent K. is characterized by repeated appearance of urticarial rash.

Urticaria is not a contagious disease and cannot be transmitted from one person to another. During a quickly passing episode of the disease, patients often do not seek help from doctors.

According to statistics, acute urticaria occurs more often in children and adolescents, but chronic urticaria often occurs in adults and mainly in women. The disease can be hereditary and thus transmitted. Acute K. can develop into chronic form, but not always, so don’t rush to panic. In many patients with chronic K., recovery occurs in the first six months.

Is hives dangerous? This is a myth that is greatly exaggerated. This is not a fatal disease and only swelling of the throat, as well as anaphylactic reactions, require careful attention. The disease can also disappear on its own within 6 weeks to 12 months.

Causes of acute urticaria

Acute urticaria is of allergic origin in nature and is very hypersensitive due to the allergen, but despite this it is able to go away on its own.

Frequent allergens of acute K. are drugs (penicillin, sulfonamides), nonsteroidal drugs (aspirin), and diuretics; food products (eggs, peanuts, seafood, nuts, fish); insect bites; contact with allergens (latex, animal saliva, plants); use of radiopaque agents; acute viral infections, hormonal disorders, rheumatic diseases

Causes of chronic urticaria

In adults, the cause of chronic urticaria is still difficult to determine and is often autoimmune in origin (impaired functioning of the immune system), but in children chronic urticaria is detected much more often

Types of urticaria

There are spontaneous and physical (mechanical) K.

Physical (mechanical) urticaria is associated with physical factors and mechanical irritations of the skin. Depending on these factors, dermographic urticaria, pressure urticaria, solar, water, cholinergic, thermal, cold, contact, papular, vibration, adrenergic K are distinguished.

Dermographic urticaria is one of the forms of physical (mechanical) urticaria. It is characterized by the appearance of blisters due to friction or irritation on the skin with blunt objects or clothing.

Solar urticaria occurs due to exposure of the skin to ultraviolet radiation - sunlight.

Water (aquagenic) urticaria appears from contact with water at any temperature. Blisters, swelling, and itching appear on the skin.

Cholinergic urticaria occurs due to stimulation of sweating, as well as an increase in body temperature due to stress factors, exercise, a hot bath or stuffy room. The urticaria pattern develops into pinpoint blisters that spread over a larger surface of the skin, often accompanied by Quincke's edema.

Heat urticaria occurs when the affected person's skin comes into direct contact with a warm or hot object.

Cold urticaria occurs from skin contact with a cold object, as well as exposure to cold air or consumption of cold drinks or food.

Papular urticaria occurs due to insect bites (bed bugs, fleas, mosquitoes). Urticaria gets its name from the rash of papules (small skin nodules).

Adrenergic urticaria - occurs with stress, very rare disease, which is characterized by a white rim around the blister without itching.

Chronic idiopathic urticaria is characterized by periodic exacerbations (mainly in women), but no identified cause.

Pigmentary K. and mastocytosis are considered diseases characterized by the accumulation mast cells in tissues and organs.

Nervous (psychogenic) urticaria occurs due to stress and nervous experiences. Food urticaria is a patient-created urticaria associated with the consumption of certain foods. Officially, there is no such urticaria, but if a person is worried about diseases of the intestines or kidneys, then urticaria is provoked by toxins that were in food and were not eliminated from the body

Diagnosis of urticaria

Diagnosis is carried out by an allergist-immunologist and the final diagnosis is made after examining the patient. If an allergic reaction is suspected, skin tests and determination of blood antibodies are recommended.

There are a number of diseases very similar to urticaria: urticarial vasculitis, mastocytosis, atopic dermatitis, erythema multiforme, contact dermatitis, scabies, anaphylactoid purpura

Urticaria - treatment

How to cure hives for a short time? Unfortunately, there is no quick radical cure for this disease yet.

Treatment of urticaria in adults is fundamentally different from treatment of urticaria in children.

The main methods of treatment in adults are antihistamines and immunomodulators.

Antihistamines are drugs for the treatment of both acute and chronic K. But immunomodulators (prednisolone or cyclosporine) are recommended for patients with chronic K.

After examining the patient, a doctor prescribes diagnostic tests, fasting for three to five days with 2 liters of water, daily cleansing enemas, showers, and light physical exercise are recommended. If a positive effect is observed, the rash decreases and stops. Such dynamics are typical for allergic K. If the signs remain and also progress, then this indicates pseudoallergic K.

Patients with allergic K., against the background of a diet, begin provocative tests with the introduction of the supposed food allergens. Special tests have been developed that make it possible to differentiate with high probability allergic and pseudoallergic K.

Treatment of acute urticaria

Can hives be cured? When treating acute K., it is difficult to combine it with Quincke's edema. If the rash is minor, then it is quite possible to limit yourself to second-generation antihistamines (claritin, loratidine, fenistil, dimethenden, etc.) Dosage 1 tablet once a day, increase the dose if necessary. When the disease is aggravated by Quincke's edema, a group of adrenal cortex hormones (GCS) is prescribed in the form of tablets, as well as injections at the discretion of the doctor. The dose itself, as well as the duration of medication use, is prescribed by a dermatologist or allergist.

Treatment of chronic urticaria

How to cure chronic urticaria? When treating chronic K., the primary disease is identified. The main drugs are second-generation antihistamines (claritin, loratidine, fenistil, dimethenden, etc.) in the usual dosage or increased at the discretion of the doctor. The duration of treatment depends on the continuation of symptoms of the disease

Diet for urticaria

It is a mistake to prescribe a hypoallergenic standard diet in all cases of rash. It is recommended that a patient with acute K. exclude from the diet those foods that, according to research results, cause an allergic rash. Patients with acute and chronic rash are advised to avoid drinking alcohol.

Nutrition for urticaria

What can you eat if you have hives? Strict adherence to a diet is indicated, in which there is a restriction of fats, sugar, liquids, table salt, exclusion of chocolate, eggs, citrus fruits, smoked foods, spicy foods, cessation of smoking and alcohol, as well as contact with poisons of hepatropic origin

Treating urticaria at home

It is recommended to start treating an allergic rash on your own only after examination by a doctor, since there remains the possibility of angioedema in the throat area. Recommended for relief cleansing enema, drinking plenty of fluids.

After examination by a doctor and treatment agreed with him, you can take second-generation antihistamines (claritin, loratidine, fenistil, dimethenden) on your own. Be sure to see a doctor after the symptoms of the disease have disappeared and to agree on further treatment and prevention of the rash.

You can wash yourself if you have hives, and even a warm shower and light physical activity are recommended. After the exacerbation of the underlying disease has ceased, four-week treatment with enzyme preparations, hepatoprotectors, choleretic agents, and also recommend annual treatment in sanatoriums

Urticaria in children - treatment

The symptoms of urticaria in children are practically no different from those in adults, but in terms of expressing their emotions, children become lethargic, moody, and restless.

Treatment of childhood K. takes into account the child’s weight, so the doctor selects children’s doses of antihistamines

Urticaria in pregnant women - treatment

Urticaria in pregnant women occurs in different ways, which is why treatment requires individual approach. In all cases, the benefit or possible harm to the baby is weighed. The most safe drug Loratadine is considered for pregnant women.

vlanamed.com

Types of reactions to the sun

Sun rays can cause various changes on the surface of the skin. Increased sensitivity is called photosensitivity. Changes can come in several forms.

Phototraumatic reactions include sunburn. They can form in any person with prolonged exposure to ultraviolet radiation on the surface of the skin. Pimples and sun blisters appear on exposed areas of the body.
Phototoxic reactions are provoked by the consumption of certain foods, plants, and medications that are photosensitizers. In this case, extensive solar urticaria appears on the surface of the skin.
When the skin does not tolerate sunlight, a photoallergic reaction develops. It is associated with immune disorders, as a result of which the body reacts negatively to exposure to the sun. Papules, vesicles, and weeping areas form on the surface of the skin. Lichenification of the skin can also be pronounced, in which the tissue thickens, roughness and pigmentation appear.

Symptoms of solar urticaria

The symptoms of solar urticaria can vary. They appear depending on the causes of the rash, the person’s age, and other factors. In most cases, allergies manifest themselves in the form of standard symptoms.

The skin becomes red, rash-like, inflamed and itchy.
Sun acne appears on the surface of the skin. They are localized mainly on open parts of the body: on the hands, face. But when you are on the beach, roughness, unevenness, and swollen lesions appear all over your body and back. The areas may become very itchy and painful.
With severe damage, the skin becomes covered with crusts and scales. Blood may leak from injured areas.

Often an allergic reaction manifests itself as hives from the sun. But eczema and the formation of blisters are also noted.

If ultraviolet irradiation occurs to a strong degree, then the rashes are localized even in those places that were not exposed to rays.

The most common signs shown in the photo may have varying degrees. Changes vary depending on the amount of ultraviolet light exposed, duration of sun exposure, and individual characteristics body.

Causes of the rash

Healthy people whose immune systems are not weakened are less likely to have an allergic reaction to sunlight. Violations occur especially often in:

people with light skin and hair tones;
newborns and infants;
pregnant women;
solarium lovers;
women after tattooing, chemical peeling;
old people.

Solar urticaria can be triggered internal violations in organism. Therefore, people suffering from hepatic and intestinal pathologies, reduction immune defense body. Allergies also appear with vitamin deficiency, hidden chronic diseases, and metabolic disorders.

Photosensitizers

Changes in the skin are associated with the presence of photosensitizers in the body. These agents cause problems with the skin when exposed to the sun.

The substances are found in various foods, medications, and medicinal plants. When they are consumed, a reaction occurs in the body, after which acne from the sun appears.

Many drug manufacturers indicate in the instructions that the drug causes photosensitivity. Therefore, when exposed to ultraviolet light, a person taking the pill may develop sun-induced hives.

Among these drugs are:

contraceptives containing hormones (COCs);
antibiotics (fluoroquinolones, tetracyclines, macrolides);
antifungal agents;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs;
antihistamines (Diphenhydramine, Promethazine);
cardiac medications (fibrates, amiodarone, digitoxin, atorvastatin);
sedatives and antidepressants;
thiazide diuretics;
drugs for the treatment of diabetes mellitus;
essential oils;
corticosteroids.

In addition, a similar effect is observed when using boric and salicylic acid, methylene blue, tar-containing ointments.

The appearance of spots on the skin can be observed when furocoumarins, which are produced by meadow grasses, come into contact with the skin. To prevent a person from breaking out, you should protect yourself from contact with:

nettle;
buckwheat;
quinoa;
hogweed;
fig tree

In addition, you should not be in the sun if a person takes decoctions and infusions of St. John's wort, angelica, clover, sweet clover, and agrimony.

Some foods also have a provoking effect. Among them are:

carrot and citrus juices;
Bell pepper;
sorrel;
parsley;
celery;
spicy foods;
alcohol;
products containing dyes, preservatives and sweeteners.

People suffering from an allergic reaction to coffee, chocolate, or nuts need to be especially careful.

Allergy treatment

If a person’s back is burned due to prolonged exposure to the sun, then special treatment not required. After all, this reaction can be observed in anyone who overdoes it with tanning. In this case, you will need to apply sunburn products to your skin.

Before you figure out what to do about blisters after sunburn, you need to determine the real reason skin reaction. When consuming photosensitizers, you should avoid these substances. If this is not possible, protection from the sun's rays is necessary in the form of creams, capes, and hats.

If acne appears from the sun, you should consult a doctor. He will assess the symptoms of the lesion and select the necessary treatment for solar urticaria. It can be carried out using various groups of medications.

Local remedies

For mild skin damage, especially on the face, from the sun, unpleasant symptoms can be relieved with the help of non-hormonal ointments and creams. They soothe the skin, cool its surface, eliminate itching and rashes. Among the means in this area are:

Fenistil-gel;
La-cree;
Panthenol;
Radevit;
Dexpanthenol.

Sunburn can be treated with special drugs Psilo-balsam, Solcoseryl, Karatolina.

If a severe allergic reaction occurs, the use of corticosteroids will be required. The drugs have a strong effect, so they are prescribed only by a doctor for a short time. These include:

Fluorocort;
Betamethasone;
Hydrocortisone;
Advantan.

If you overdose on these drugs, your skin condition may worsen. Due to habituation, the integument can atrophy.

Antihistamines

If an allergic reaction occurs, an allergist and dermatologist may prescribe antihistamines:

Claritina;
Suprastina;
Cetrina;
Zodaka.

They block the production of histamine in the body, which prevents the allergic reaction from developing further.

Taking vitamins

Allergies and rashes can be a consequence of vitamin deficiency in the body. Therefore, complex treatment should include mandatory intake of vitamins C, E, nicotinic acid and group B.

Enterosorbents

To speed up the removal of the irritant from the body, enterosorbents are prescribed. Among them, the most effective are:

Polysorb;
Polyphepan;
Filtrum;
Enterosgel.

They need to be washed down with enough water to quickly wash away hazardous substances.

Folk remedies

You can get rid of rashes using folk remedies. They are used only if a person is not allergic to herbs and medicinal plants.

You can take a nettle decoction internally. You need to brew a tablespoon of the plant’s flowers with 200 ml of boiling water. After 30 minutes of infusion, take a decoction of 1/2 cup up to five times a day.
Lotions made from nettle decoction (30 g of leaves per 0.5 liter of water) are useful. The composition is brought to a boil and then infused for an hour. A cotton pad is soaked in the decoction and applied to the surface of the skin. The product can be used for both the body and face.
You can replace regular tea with a decoction of the string.

Prevention

To eliminate the possibility of developing rashes after being in the sun, you must follow simple rules prevention.

To eliminate the possibility of a rash, you need to lubricate your skin with sunscreen.

Sunbathing is allowed for no longer than 20 minutes. The optimal time for sunbathing is before 10 am and after 5 pm.

Sun allergy is not quite correctly called a reaction that occurs in certain people under the influence of sunlight. The correct name for it is photodermatosis, or solar dermatitis.

There is an assumption that this allergy does not appear due to exposure to the sun, because it does not contain protein in its rays.

In this case, the sun's rays are attributed only to a certain factor. It is believed that the sun can only affect a certain type of people who suffer from diseases of systemic organs and have accumulated a large number of allergens in their bodies.

In this article we will talk about sun allergy - its symptoms and treatment methods, and also look at detailed photos.

Causes

The allergic or toxic effect of ultraviolet (sun) rays manifests itself when they combine with substances already on the skin - exogenous photodermatitis, with substances located in skin cells - endogenous photodermatitis.

Sunlight, in principle, cannot be an allergen, but it can provoke several types of aggressive reactions not only of the immune system, but also of the entire body:

Photoallergy or sun allergy – photosensitivity.
A phototraumatic reaction is an elementary sunburn from overly “zealous” tanning.
Phototoxic reaction – photodermatosis caused by interaction ultraviolet radiation and some types of medicines, plants.

All types of reactions are manifested by varying degrees of skin pigmentation; in addition, in people who are prone to allergies, even a seemingly safe half-hour exposure to the sun can cause severe allergies.

TO internal factors The development of photodermatitis includes:

Reception row pharmacological drugs, for example hormonal birth control pills with a high content of estrogens, some antibiotics, diuretics, antidepressants, etc.;
Vitamin deficiency in the body;
Reduced immunity.

External reasons usually include the use of various creams and other cosmetics, which contain certain components, such as sandalwood oil, musk, etc.

Prone to the appearance of photodermatosis:

Small children;
people with light skin;
pregnant women;
those who were exposed the day before cosmetic procedures using cadmium salts (chemical peeling, tattooing).
persons who abuse solariums;

There are also substances that, if ingested, can cause photodermatitis. This group includes certain medications and some food products.

antibiotics (doxycycline, tetracycline);
drugs for the treatment of cardiac diseases;
aspirin;
antibacterial drugs;
ibuprofen;
antidepressants;
diuretics;
tranquilizers;
oral contraceptives that have a high estrogen content.

Therefore, if you cannot stop taking any medications, consult your doctor about the risk of photodermatitis when taking them.

Symptoms of sun allergy

Sun allergy, like any other pathology, has a number of its own symptoms and signs. Conventionally, it is possible to distinguish local and general manifestations from them.

The main symptoms of photodermatosis:

redness and inflammation of the skin;
peeling of the skin;
often accompanied by intense itching and burning;
rashes can be in the form of folliculitis (pustules) or papules.

Often this condition does not develop immediately. Unlike a burn, it can occur several hours after you leave the beach, and in some cases even after returning from the resort. A phototoxic reaction can occur within a few hours of sun exposure, while a photoallergic reaction can occur even days after sun exposure.

General symptoms:

An increase in temperature indicates toxic compounds entering the bloodstream from the skin;
Dizziness;
Decline blood pressure As a result of allergen entering the bloodstream, it leads to fainting.

It should be noted that damage to minor areas of skin rarely leads to general symptoms of sun allergy. We’ll look at what to do if you find yourself with these symptoms below.

Allergy to the sun photo

You can see what a sun allergy looks like in these photos:

What to do in this case?

Before treating a sun allergy, it is necessary to exclude other influencing factors. Sun allergy pills also help. These are antihistamines that relieve itching and eliminate swelling. You can buy them at your nearest pharmacy without a doctor's prescription.

Treatment of sun allergies

There is no universal cure for sun allergies. In therapy, it is important to take an individual approach. How to treat a sun allergy will depend on the location of the inflammation on the skin, the severity of the rash and the presence of general symptoms.

In most cases, the treatment program includes the following components:

Non-hormonal creams and ointments for external use: fenistil gel, desitin, etc.
Corticosteroid drugs: prescribed for severe forms photodermatitis and only as prescribed by a doctor.
Ointments based on zinc, methyluracil, hydrocortisone.
Antihistamines: Suprastin, Tavegil, Erius, Cetrin and others (see allergy tablets of the latest generation).
Vitamin therapy, immunotherapy: the doctor prescribes immunostimulating drugs that will help strengthen the body’s defense reactions.
Enterosorbents: Polysorb MP, Polyphepan, Enterosgel. Helps quickly cleanse the body of toxins and allergens.
To restore liver function, the doctor prescribes hepatoprotectors: “Karsil”, “Glutargin”, “Silibor”, Gepabene” and other herbal preparations.

Treatment depends on the specific type of allergic reaction. In mild cases, simply avoiding the sun for a few days may be enough to relieve symptoms.

Prevention

If you have an allergy to the sun, what to do, how to deal with it? First of all, it is important to understand that any disease is better to prevent than to treat. That's why:

Should be used with caution medications containing photosensitizing substances.
Start sunbathing with short stays in the open sun; in the first days this should be only 10-15 minutes.
If you are predisposed to sun allergies, it is recommended to wear clothes made from natural fabrics, cut to protect the body from exposure to direct ultraviolet radiation.
If the allergy is chronic, before the start of the spring-summer season, you can start taking medications with photoprotective properties, naturally after consulting a doctor.

How to treat allergies with folk remedies?

If it is impossible to consult a doctor, you can try using folk remedies, which will help alleviate pain and itching of the skin at first.

For example, use cucumber juice, potatoes or cabbage leaves, as they have softening properties and help fast healing wounds and skin lesions.
Infusions of celandine and calendula are used to make cold compresses.

Many people do not know how to properly treat allergies and in most cases self-medicate, but this should not be allowed under any circumstances. After detecting the first signs of the disease, you should immediately consult a doctor. By neglecting treatment, you can provoke the appearance of eczema, which is much more difficult to treat.

During the conversation, experts discussed the following issues:

How to understand what skin irritation- is it an allergy to the sun, and not something else?

If you have never had skin manifestations, but are allergic to certain foods, is it possible to sunbathe in this case or will the sun's rays trigger a new allergy?

What to take to the beach in case of skin rashes?

Are natural sun and solarium the same thing? If you are allergic to the sun, can you go to a solarium?

How to choose cosmetics for the beach or is it better for allergy sufferers to do without it?

You can read the answers of one of the participants in the round table, an allergist at the Meditsina clinic, candidate of medical sciences Sergei Bykov, below.

Conference presenter: What is sun allergy?

S.A. Bykov: Visible light, ultraviolet (UV) and infrared radiation reach the earth from the sun. Sunlight is necessary for photosynthesis and plant growth, it affects the psycho-emotional state of a person, the formation of vitamin D, and also prevents excessive colonization of the skin pathogenic microbes. However, sunlight can cause various disorders.

Damage from sunlight is associated with long-term exposure, but many people also react abnormally to normally tolerated levels of sunlight, particularly UV exposure.

Various parts of the ultraviolet spectrum can cause photodermatoses, photoaging of the skin and even skin cancer. Photodermatoses are skin lesions (dermatoses) caused by sunlight, mainly ultraviolet rays. Photodermatoses include: sunburn, solar urticaria, phototoxic and photoallergic reactions, etc.

Sunburn (solar dermatitis), like solar dermatitis, is accompanied by redness and swelling of the skin, the appearance of vesicles and blisters. At early use Cooling compresses, lotion with glucocorticoids, anti-inflammatory and painkillers are useful.

Solar urticaria is characterized by the appearance of urticarial plaques (like nettles) within minutes of exposure to sunlight.

Chronic photodamage occurs when excessive exposure to UV radiation is the main cause of deterioration appearance(due to skin aging), as well as the development of skin cancer. The danger of UV radiation is associated with its accumulation over decades.

Phototoxic and photoallergic reactions are caused by drugs (for example, tetracycline antibiotics or sulfonamides) or cosmetics that increase sensitivity to sunlight. Upon contact with plants that increase the skin's sensitivity to sunlight, photophytodermatitis (meadow dermatitis) develops. The lesions are often accompanied by swelling, itching, burning and headache.

Phototoxic reactions manifest as severe sunburn. With chronic phototoxic dermatosis, the epidermis thickens, the skin becomes dry and thick, and increased pigmentation occurs.

Photoallergic reactions occur as delayed-type hypersensitivity after previous contact with photoactive substances. In chronic radiation dermatitis, due to exposure to UV radiation, severe eczema develops that is resistant to therapy.

Conference presenter: Can an allergic person sunbathe? For example, if there were no skin manifestations, but there are allergies to certain products? Is it safe or could it trigger a new allergy?

S.A. Bykov: Allergy is a state of increased immune response of the body to substances of exogenous or endogenous origin, leading to the development of allergic diseases affecting both the skin (atopic dermatitis, urticaria, allergic contact dermatitis, toxicerma, drug-induced skin lesions) and other tissues and organs (hay fever, allergic conjunctivitis, allergic rhinitis, bronchial asthma, drug, food, insect allergies, etc.). Naturally, against the background of such altered immunological reactivity, sunlight can complicate existing disorders and even provoke additional allergic reactions.

The skin can also become photosensitive through accidental contact with photocoumarins contained in plants and fruits (celery, dill, parsley, carrots, oranges, lemons).

Conference presenter: What to take with you to the beach in case of skin manifestations?

S.A. Bykov: To protect your skin from sun damage, such as sunburn, avoid sun exposure, use umbrellas, wear appropriate clothing, and wear sunscreen (filters that block or reflect UV radiation). The safest sun in central Russia is in the morning from 9.00 to 12.00 hours, and in the evening from 15.00 to 18.00 hours; in the south - from 8.00 to 11.00 and from 16.00 to 19.00 hours.

You should have clothes made from natural fabrics (cotton, linen) with long sleeves and trousers, and a wide-brimmed hat. Red or white clothing reflects ultraviolet light well. People prone to allergies are recommended to use sunscreens with physical filters containing zinc.

If, after being in the sun, itchy reddish rashes or blisters filled with clear liquid appear, you should hide from the sun as soon as possible. Reddened areas can be washed with clean cool water or wiped with a strained infusion of black tea, which contains tannin, which partially relieves itching and inflammation. Drinking plenty of fluids is recommended, you can drink cool water. It is necessary to take an antihistamine appropriate to the age of the victim.

Conference presenter: Are natural sun and solarium the same thing?

S.A. Bykov: Yes, there are similar components and UV radiation. If you are allergic to the sun, you should not go to the solarium either. Photodermatosis can also develop due to excessive use of solariums.

Conference presenter: How do you understand that skin irritation is an allergy to the sun and not something else?

S.A. Bykov: It is possible to conduct a light test - the dose of ultraviolet radiation necessary for the burn to appear. Several areas of the skin are sequentially irradiated with ultraviolet light for 30 seconds to 3 minutes, and a day later the resulting biodose is assessed. In addition, there are laboratory methods for differential diagnosis.

Conference presenter: How to choose cosmetics for the beach, is it just chemicals?

S.A. Bykov: Of course, there should be a minimum of cosmetics on the beach. Cosmetics, like medicines, can, when interacting with UV radiation, provoke pathological reactions in the sun.

Sun allergy treatment

Types, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of allergies

An allergic reaction to exposure to sunlight is called photodermatitis. According to statistics, 20% of the world's inhabitants face this type of dermatosis. Most often these are light-skinned people. They are often forced to use sun allergy cream throughout the summer: thin, sensitive skin of the so-called Celtic, or first phototype, hardly tans, but easily burns and breaks out in hives. Children, pregnant women and those who frequently visit solariums are also at risk.

How does photodermatitis manifest?

The main symptoms of a sun allergy are redness of the skin and a rash, and it usually appears on areas of the body that have been exposed to the sun. But rashes can also occur in places far from the influence of ultraviolet radiation. Dark pigmentation remains on the affected areas of the skin for a long time.

A sun allergy rash looks like small blisters - papules filled with serous fluid, which can merge into large lesions. The rash is accompanied by a burning sensation, severe itching, the skin may be swollen, as if after a burn, and then begins to peel off. Allergy symptoms can appear either immediately after exposure to the open sun or after several days.

Important! The intensity of the symptoms of photodermatitis can vary, depending on the type of skin and the body’s tendency to allergic reactions. In some cases, with sun allergies, body temperature may rise, weakness, dizziness, headache, in severe cases - a drop in blood pressure, fainting, bronchospasm. Such conditions are life-threatening and indicate emergency medical care.

Types and causes of sun allergies

The sun's rays do not contain an allergic component; the body's extraordinary reaction is a consequence of the interaction of ultraviolet radiation with any substance located in the body or on the surface of the skin. In this regard, photodermatitis is divided into exogenous (external) and endogenous (internal).

Exogenous type of dermatitis can be caused by:

Using lotion, cream, deodorant, soap, lipstick, powder before going out into the sun. Many caring and decorative cosmetics contain essential oils of citrus, sandalwood, musk, amber, bergamot, rose, patchouli; in combination with ultraviolet irradiation, these substances can cause an allergic reaction.
Sunscreen if it contains benzophenones or para-aminobenzoic acid.
Having a fresh tattoo. Cadmium sulfate is used as an auxiliary substance when applying a tattoo, which can provoke the development of allergies to the sun.
A recent deep peel that made the skin hypersensitive to UV rays.
Taking medications. The sensitivity of the skin to sunlight is increased by sulfonamides (biseptol), antibiotics (tetracycline, chloramphenicol, doxycytline), barbiturates, cardiovascular drugs (trazicor, amiodarone), anti-inflammatory drugs (aspirin, ibuprofen, diclofenac).
Using oral contraceptives with high levels of estrogen.

The cause of endogenous photodermatitis is diseases associated with metabolic disorders or immunodeficiency. It could be:

pigment metabolism disorder (porphyria);
genetic diseases manifested by increased sensitivity to UV rays (xeroderma pigmentosum, erythroderma);
metabolic disease prurigo (polymorphic photodermatosis or summer prurigo);
liver pathologies;
hypovitaminosis.

Treatment methods

If you notice signs of photodermatitis, you should not try to get rid of it yourself; this can only worsen the condition. It is better to consult an allergist who will determine the cause of the disease and tell you how to treat it.

It takes more than one day to completely relieve allergy symptoms. For this, external means are usually used:

ointments that have an anti-inflammatory and healing effect (methyluracil, sinaflan);
ointments based on glucocorticoids (prednisolone, hydrocortisone, deperzolone, fluorocort);
Panthenol spray, which relieves irritation and promotes the regeneration of epidermal cells;
antibacterial agents (synthomycin liniment, levomekol).

In addition to medications prescribed by a doctor, folk remedies can be used to reduce itching and inflammation. Apply a juice compress to the affected areas fresh cucumber, baking soda solution, grated on a fine grater raw potatoes, cabbage leaf, wet starch. Baths or wraps with a decoction of chamomile, string, and calendula also help well.

If photodermatitis is severe, in addition to medications local action prescribed medications for oral administration:

antihistamines that block the production of a mediator of allergic reactions (Diphenhydramine, Diazolin, Suprastin, Loratadine, Trexil, Zyrtec); restoratives;
ascorbic acid (vitamins C), tocopherol (vitamin E), B vitamins;
immunomodulator drugs.

Prevention of photodermatitis

People prone to allergies, in case of voluntary or forced exposure to direct sunlight, are advised to:

limit the duration of sunbathing to 20 minutes;
Do not apply perfume or decorative cosmetics to your skin before going out in the sun;
use high-protection sunscreens that do not contain para-aminobenzoic acid or benzophenone;
if you need to stay in the sun for a long time, wear clothes that cover your shoulders and arms; a hat;
include in your diet foods rich in vitamins and antioxidants (fruits, berries, green tea, cocoa;
drink plenty of clean still water;
Avoid spicy foods and unfamiliar exotic foods.

You should not assume that photodermatitis that occurs once will force you to take pills for sun allergies for the rest of your life. By finding and eliminating the cause of the body’s inadequate reaction to ultraviolet rays, you can say goodbye to the manifestations of solar allergies forever.

All materials on the site are for informational purposes only. Only a doctor can make a diagnosis and prescribe the necessary treatment! Copying site materials without indicating the source and having an active link to Snall.ru is prohibited.

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Sun allergy treatment

Allergies to the sun have become quite common lately. Moreover, more than half of the cases of development of the clinical picture occur in people who received a dose of ultraviolet radiation in their native climatic conditions. This is due to an increase in the aggressiveness of sunlight and certain changes in the immunological status of modern humans.

Our fellow citizens, who are not very accustomed to the hot embrace of the “daylight”, often experience the so-called solar allergy.

How does sun allergy manifest on the skin?

It’s worth first understanding how sun allergy manifests itself on the skin, and how this pathology can be differentiated from other similar diseases. First of all, in redness of the skin of the face (less often the arms, legs or abdomen, or back), peeling and itching of the skin. A rash may appear in the form of blisters, turning into blisters, and swelling is possible. Often, those affected by “sun allergies” may experience a rise in temperature.

By the way, many people mistake this rash for insect bites.

Most often, such allergies occur during sudden climate changes. (Take this into account, South Beach lovers!)

Many experts believe that allergic reactions of this kind do not occur in response to sun exposure, but are the result of exposure of the skin to inappropriate creams, perfumes, deodorants or lotions, sunscreens (for sunburn) and tanning products. But still, an allergy to solar radiation is possible. It most often occurs in those who have severe liver, kidney, or endocrine system. Hypovitaminosis also contributes to its appearance.

The first symptoms of solar allergy, most often manifested in the form of urticaria, usually occur within a few hours after exposure to the sun (on average, after 3-6 hours).

You should know and remember that skin sensitivity to sunlight increases the intake of barbiturates ( sleeping pills), tetracycline, sulfonamides and birth control pills.

Sun allergy: what to do and how to treat with pills

What to do if you have an allergy to the sun if it occurs for the first time and its symptoms clearly appear. Before treating a sun allergy, it is necessary to exclude other influencing factors. Sun allergy pills also help. These are antihistamines that relieve itching and eliminate swelling. You can buy them at your nearest pharmacy without a doctor's prescription. However, the recommended dosage should be carefully followed. Whenever allergic urticaria or, as sun allergy is also called, photodermatitis, special measures should be taken to prevent the development of complications.

Treatment of solar allergy to the sun

Treatment of sun allergy should begin with eliminating the influence of the trigger, i.e. ultraviolet rays. IN further treatment solar allergies can be carried out according to the following algorithm. However, it is worth remembering that sun allergy is a good reason to consult a dermatologist.

1. On the first day, apply wet wraps to the affected areas of the skin.

2. Refrain from sunbathing for several days.

3. Drink more fluids.

4. Wear closed clothing when going outside.

5. For severe rashes, you can take half-hour baths with soda 1-2 times a day (400-500 g of soda per bath).

6. After taking a bath, you can wipe your body with almond oil and menthol, if you have it on hand, or at least with the juice of fresh tomatoes.

7. Lubricating the affected areas of the skin with aloe juice can be effective.

8. If blisters occur, it is a good idea to make compresses from chamomile.

9. Very effective in lubricating blisters salicylic-zinc paste(Lassara paste).

10. For local treatment You can use decoctions and infusions of oak or juniper bark.

11. Lubricating the affected areas of the skin with a thin layer of ointment such as Advantan, Lorinden, Oxycort, Fluorocort or Flucinar can be no less effective.

12. Aspirin and indomethacin can relieve skin inflammation.

13. It is advisable to take B vitamins (especially B6 and B12), as well as vitamins C and E.

If you are predisposed to sun allergies, it is best to use creams that protect the skin from ultraviolet rays of types A and B (and it is even better to use the appropriate creams after consultation with a dermatologist).

To prevent the occurrence of hives, people predisposed to sun allergies are advised to take horseradish juice mixed in equal proportions with bee honey(1 teaspoon 3 times a day), or 50 ml 3 times a day of peppermint infusion (it is prepared by pouring 2 tablespoons of mint leaves into 300 ml of boiling water and infusing for 1 hour).

You can also drink hop infusion. Method for preparing it: infuse, like tea, 1 tablespoon of hops per 1 glass of boiling water. Take a third of a glass 3 times a day.

In addition, it is advisable that the allergy sufferer’s diet constantly include: fresh cabbage and parsley is a storehouse of vitamins C and PP, which reduce the sensitivity of the skin to ultraviolet radiation.

Sun allergy treatment

Summer is a great time for vacation and travel. However, lately everything more people faces such a problem as sun allergy.

Symptoms of this disease can appear literally in a matter of seconds and significantly ruin your summer vacation.

In medicine, this condition is called photodermatosis or phototoxic reaction.

Most often, allergies to sun rays occur in people with the first skin phototype.

Main reason of this disease are photosensitizers or photoreactive agents.

After exposure to ultraviolet radiation, they cause changes that provoke manifestations of the disease.

Phototoxic reactions can be associated with the action of various substances.

To determine the causes of the reaction, you need to know where they are found:

hygiene products– in particular, antibacterial soap;
cosmetics– most creams, colognes, lipsticks and deodorants contain similar substances;
nutritional supplements– for example, sweeteners;
household chemicals– mothballs;
medications.

Also, such substances can enter the body during tattooing, since cadmium sulfate is used during this procedure.

Causes also include Gunther's disease.

Such people have pale skin, very thick eyebrows and eyelashes, and are afraid of sunlight due to the appearance of ulcers and cracks in the skin.

Another cause of photodermatosis is pellagra.

This disease consists of impaired absorption or deficiency of nicotinic acid in the body.

Development mechanism

Sunlight itself is not an allergen, but it can lead to aggressive reactions of the immune system and the entire body:

phototraumatic reaction– is a sunburn after prolonged exposure to the sun;
phototoxic reaction– consists in the development of photodermatosis, which is provoked by the interaction of ultraviolet radiation and certain varieties of plants or medications;
photoallergy– represents photosensitivity.

All forms of reaction are accompanied to varying degrees skin pigmentation.

The exception is people who are prone to allergic reactions.

In them, even half an hour in the sun can cause severe symptoms of the disease.

The pathology may be associated with the action of photosensitizers, which include many foods, plants, and medications.

They increase the skin's sensitivity to ultraviolet radiation and activate the body's defenses, including an aggressive immune response.

All photosensitizers can be differentiated by the speed of exposure:

optional– lead to photosensitivity quite rarely. This occurs only in case of prolonged exposure to the sun and subject to allergic reactions. Such substances usually lead to corresponding reactions;
obligate– always provoke photosensitivity of the skin. Sometimes this happens literally after 10 minutes or several hours. Obligate substances lead to a phototoxic reaction.

In addition to allergy symptoms, an exacerbation of herpes, eczema, and psoriasis may occur.

There are also photosensitizers that accelerate skin aging and contribute to the development of cancer.

Can develop under the influence of sunlight different kinds photodermatoses:

sunburn. It is an acute phototraumatic reaction, which is characterized by inflammation of the skin. Recently, this condition increasingly provokes the development of melanoma;
Chronic exposure to ultraviolet rays often leads to geroderma. This disease does not resemble classic allergy symptoms, but the processes occurring in the body are similar to immune reaction in response to exposure to an allergen;
upon contact with phototoxic plants Photodermatosis, also called “meadow” photodermatitis, may develop. Plant sensitizers include plants containing salicylates and coumarins;
solar eczema and prurigo are characteristic conditions that accompany sun allergy;
allergies can be the result of polymorphic dermatosis, which consists of the appearance of light-dependent rashes.

Sun allergies, burns or hypersensitivity?

The first manifestations of sunburn resemble signs of photodermatitis, so making a correct diagnosis can be quite difficult.

To differentiate these conditions, you need to take into account the following features of the clinical picture:

for photodermatitis painful sensations missing, whereas burns are always accompanied by severe discomfort;
With allergies, itching begins almost immediately after the sun's rays hit the skin. With a burn, this condition is observed only after 4-5 days;
as a result of pressing on the skin during a burn, a white mark will remain, whereas allergies are not accompanied by such symptoms;
With allergies, redness and itching occur not only in the area exposed to sunlight, but also beyond it. With burns, such symptoms do not leave the boundaries of the affected area.

Symptoms of manifestation

All symptoms of photodermatitis are conventionally divided into two categories - general and local.

Thanks to this, you can find out what the reaction to the sun looks like.

Local manifestations include:

redness of some areas of the skin even with slight exposure to the sun;
itching and burning sensation on the skin;
the appearance of swelling of the skin;
skin rash;
formation of blisters on the skin.

Common manifestations include:

increase in body temperature - occurs as a result of toxic substances entering the blood;
fainting – is a consequence of a drop in blood pressure;
dizziness;
nausea;
weakness;
headache.

If small areas of the skin are affected, general symptoms, as a rule, do not develop.

Provoking factors

Various factors can provoke the development of a reaction to the sun:

liver diseases;
disturbances in the functioning of the gallbladder;
diseases of the digestive system;
enzyme deficiency;
pathologies of the thyroid gland;
chronic kidney disease;
helminthic infestation;
violation of pigment metabolism;
deficiency of vitamins PP, A, E;
uncontrolled use of drugs;
tendency to allergic reactions.

It is worth considering that certain medications can provoke the development of sensitivity to the sun.

Phototoxic medications include the following:

antibiotics of the tetracycline group;
corticosteroid hormones;
cytostatics;
means to reduce sugar levels;
sleeping pills;
oral contraceptives;
sulfonamides;
cardiac medications;
retinols;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs;
neuroleptics;
fluoroquinolones;
antifungal agents;
salicylates;
aspirin;
antiarrhythmic drugs;
diuretics;
vitamins B2 and B6.

In addition, allergic reactions to the sun often occur after eating fruits or contact with plants that contain furocoumarins.

At-risk groups

The following categories of the population are at risk for developing the disease:

young children;
pregnant women;
people with pale skin and blond hair;
people who often visit the solarium;
people who have recently had a chemical peel or tattoo.

What to do

To prevent the appearance of symptoms of the disease, you need to follow certain rules:

limit sun exposure. If you are prone to allergies, you can be exposed to ultraviolet radiation for no more than 20 minutes;
before going to the beach, it is prohibited to apply decorative cosmetics and perfume to the skin;
use sunscreens with high SPF;
Avoid using cosmetics containing fragrances, as they can cause pigmentation;
Apply sunscreen about 20 minutes before going out into the sun;
After leaving the water, you should not wipe yourself dry so as not to dry out your skin. It is enough to blot it with a towel;
immediately after swimming it is better to relax in the shade;
if you have such problems, you should choose the right time for tanning - before 10 o’clock or after 17 o’clock;
in difficult cases, it is recommended to wear long sleeves to cover the surface of the skin as much as possible;
At the first symptoms of an allergy, you should consult a doctor. The specialist will make the correct diagnosis and select effective antihistamines.

How to treat

Treatment of sun allergies must be comprehensive.

To cope with the disease, you need to consult a specialist in time.

Ointments and creams

The most effective remedies for allergies are ointment or cream containing corticosteroid hormones.

However, they can only be used as prescribed by a doctor in case of severe reactions.

The course of use of such products should be short-term, otherwise there is a risk of skin pathologies, rosacea, and erythema.

Among non-hormonal agents it is worth highlighting:

To treat sunburn, agents such as Libyan, psilo-balsam, floceta, vinylin, etc. are used.

Drugs

After conducting a detailed examination and establishing the cause of the disease, it is necessary to treat allergies with the help of antihistamines - Tavegil, Claritin, Suprastin.

The third generation drugs are especially effective - Zodak and Cetrin.

They do not cause drowsiness and can be used for a long time.

The appearance of an allergy to the sun is the result of a weakened immune system and a lack of vitamins.

Therefore, the doctor can prescribe vitamin complexes.

It is also often necessary to cleanse the body with enterosorbents.

Tablets such as Polysorb, Filtrum, Polyphepan can be used.

Folk recipes

To treat allergies at home, you can use folk remedies:

thoroughly treat the affected areas with watermelon or cucumber juice;
lubricate the skin cabbage juice by first mixing it with egg white;
lubricate the rash with a mixture based on honey and water;
dilute apple cider vinegar with water in a 1:1 ratio and use the resulting solution to treat the affected areas;
apply compresses based on black tea.

Is it possible to give sorbents to children with allergies? The answer is in the article.

What role does sunscreen play?

Sometimes a person may be allergic to sunscreen.

The fact is that the substances included in its composition can react with ultraviolet radiation and provoke unwanted reactions.

These components include eosin and para-aminobenzoic acid.

Therefore, you should use products containing such ingredients with extreme caution.

Video: How to enjoy the summer warmth

Healthy foods

To prevent the occurrence of unwanted allergic reactions, you need to adjust your diet:

Eat plenty of foods containing vitamins C, B and E. It is especially useful to eat fresh berries and fruits - blueberries, pomegranates, currants;
drink a lot clean water. Thanks to this, it will be possible to cleanse the body of toxic substances. At the same time, it is recommended to completely exclude carbonated drinks, alcohol and juices.
When on vacation, be careful about exotic dishes. At high sensitivity such experiments should be avoided when exposed to the sun's rays.

First aid for acute manifestations

If symptoms of the disease suddenly appear, you should immediately call an ambulance.

Before the doctor arrives, you can try to alleviate the person’s condition:

Give plenty of fluids to relieve symptoms of dehydration. In this case, milk, coffee or tea are contraindicated;
cover the victim's skin with clothing;
Apply a cold compress to the affected areas;
If possible, give the person an antihistamine to drink.

A sun allergy can lead to vomiting, so the victim should be placed on their side.

This will prevent vomit from entering the respiratory system.

Are you allergic to diapers? The solution is here.

What should be the diet for food allergies in children? Details below.

To minimize the risk of developing allergic reactions, you should follow certain recommendations:

20 minutes before going outside, apply protective cream;
after swimming in a pond, pat your skin dry with a towel;
do not use decorative cosmetics, perfumes, creams;
For those with fair and sensitive skin, avoid exposure to sunlight;
in hot weather, drink at least 2 liters of clean water. Limit the number of hot drinks and completely avoid alcohol;
If you are prone to allergies, carry antihistamines with you. It is best to choose third generation products.

Sun sensitivity is becoming more and more common.

This is a rather unpleasant pathology that can lead to the development of dangerous complications.

To prevent this, you need to know how this type of allergy manifests itself.

This will allow you to consult a doctor when the first symptoms of pathology appear.

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