Why are veins blue? What color is venous blood and why is it darker than arterial blood?

There's so much you can't find on the net. Even the question about the color of blood and veins is often accompanied by assumptions and fiction, although most people actually know the answer. Yes, everything is simple here - the blood is red, only in different shades, depending on the amount of hemoglobin in it and oxygen enrichment. Everything is as taught in biology and BJD at school: arterial blood (oxygen-rich, coming from the heart) bright scarlet color, A venous(giving oxygen to the organs, returning to the heart) – dark red(burgundy). The veins that are visible under the skin are also red when blood flows through them inside. After all, on their own blood vessels quite transparent. But still, many people have questions such as “Why does blood happen? different color and what does this depend on? and “Why are veins blue or cyan?”

The red color of blood can have different shades. Oxygen carriers, i.e. red blood cells, are tinted red based on hemoglobin, an iron-containing protein they contain that can bind with oxygen and carbon dioxide to carry them to the desired location. The more oxygen molecules connected to hemoglobin, the brighter the red color the blood is. That’s why arterial blood, which has just been enriched with oxygen, is so bright red. After the release of oxygen to the cells of the body, the color of the blood changes to dark red (burgundy) - such blood is called venous.

Of course, the blood contains other cells besides red blood cells. These are also leukocytes (white blood cells) and platelets. But they're not like that significant amount compared to red blood cells to affect the color of blood.

Blood color in anemia and cyanosis

In fact, of course, although the veins carry dark burgundy blood, unlike the bright scarlet arterial blood, they are not at all blue in color. They are red, like the color of the blood that flows through them. And you shouldn’t believe in the theory that you can find on the Internet that the blood actually runs through the vessels is blue, but when cut and in contact with air it instantly turns red - this is not so. Blood is always red, and why is described above in the article.

The veins only appear blue to us. This is explained by the laws of physics about the reflection of light and our perception. When a beam of light hits the body, the skin reflects some of all the waves and therefore looks light, well, or different, depending on melanin. But it transmits the blue spectrum worse than red. But the vein itself, or rather the blood, absorbs light of all wavelengths (but less, in the red part of the spectrum). That is, it turns out that the skin gives us for visibility Blue colour, and the vein itself is red. But, interestingly, the vein actually reflects even a little more red than the skin in the blue spectrum of light. But why then do we see veins blue or cyan? And the reason, in fact, lies in our perception - the brain compares the color of the blood vessel against the bright and warm tone of the skin, and in the end shows us blue.

Why don’t we see other vessels through which blood flows?

If a blood vessel is located closer than 0.5 mm to the surface of the skin, then it generally absorbs almost all blue light, and reflects much more red - the skin looks healthy pink (ruddy). If the vessel is much deeper than 0.5 mm, then it is simply not visible, because the light does not reach it. Therefore, it turns out that we see veins that are approximately located at a distance of 0.5 mm from the surface of the skin, and why they are blue has already been described above.

Why can't we see arteries from under the skin?

In fact, about two-thirds of the blood volume is in the veins at all times, therefore they bigger size than other vessels. In addition, arteries have much thicker walls than veins, because they have to withstand greater pressure, which also prevents them from being sufficiently transparent. But even if the arteries were visible from under the skin as well as some veins, it is assumed that they would have approximately the same color, despite the fact that the blood running through them is brighter.

What color are veins actually?

If you've ever cooked meat, you probably already know the answer to this question. Empty blood vessels are reddish-brown in color. There is not much difference in color between arteries and veins. They differ mainly when viewed in cross section. Arteries are thick-walled and muscular, while veins have thin walls.

As for aristocrats, the expression “blue bloods” arose due to the paleness of their skin. Until the twentieth century, tanning was not in fashion, and the aristocrats themselves, especially women, hid from the sun, thereby protecting their skin from premature aging and looked appropriate to their status, that is, they differed from the serfs who “plowed” all day in the sun. Now we understand that pale color skin with a blue tint is actually a sign of less health.

But scientists also claim that there are about 7,000 people in the world whose blood has a blue tint. They are called kyanetics (from the Latin cyanea - blue). The reason for this is not the same hemoglobin. Their protein contains more copper than iron, which during oxidation acquires a blue tint instead of the red we are accustomed to. These people are considered more resistant to many diseases and even injuries, as their blood is said to clot several times faster and are not susceptible to many infections. In addition, there are different theories about the origin of kianeticians, including that they are descendants of aliens. There is not much information about them on the Internet, but there are articles in foreign publications where the birth of such children is explained by the abuse of rudimentary drugs long before conception. As they say, “Don’t smoke, girl, the children will be green!”, but the results from birth control may turn out blue (meaning the color of blood).

Blood constantly circulates throughout the body, providing transport various substances. It consists of plasma and suspension various cells(the main ones are red blood cells, leukocytes and platelets) and moves along a strict route - the system of blood vessels.

Venous blood - what is it?

Venous – blood that returns to the heart and lungs from organs and tissues. It circulates through the pulmonary circulation. The veins through which it flows lie close to the surface of the skin, so the venous pattern is clearly visible.

This is partly due to a number of factors:

1. It is thicker, rich in platelets, and if damaged, venous bleeding is easier to stop.
2. The pressure in the veins is lower, so if a vessel is damaged, the amount of blood loss is lower.
3. Its temperature is higher, so it additionally prevents rapid heat loss through the skin.

The same blood flows in both arteries and veins. But its composition is changing. From the heart it enters the lungs, where it is enriched with oxygen, which it transfers to the internal organs, providing them with nutrition. The veins that carry arterial blood are called arteries. They are more elastic, the blood moves through them in spurts.

Arterial and deoxygenated blood do not mix in the heart. The first passes along the left side of the heart, the second - along the right. They mix only when serious pathologies heart, which entails a significant deterioration in well-being.

What is the systemic and pulmonary circulation?

Contents are expelled from the left ventricle and enter the pulmonary artery, where it is saturated with oxygen. It is then distributed throughout the body through arteries and capillaries, carrying oxygen and nutrients.

The aorta is the most great artery, which is then divided into upper and lower. Each of them supplies blood to the upper and bottom part bodies accordingly. Since the arterial system “flows around” absolutely all organs and is supplied to them with the help of a branched system of capillaries, this circle of blood circulation is called large. But the arterial volume is about 1/3 of the total.

Blood flows through the pulmonary circulation, which has given up all the oxygen and “taken away” metabolic products from the organs. It flows through the veins. The pressure in them is lower, the blood flows evenly. It returns through the veins to the heart, from where it is then pumped to the lungs.

How are veins different from arteries?

Arteries are more elastic. This is due to the fact that they need to maintain a certain speed of blood flow in order to deliver oxygen to the organs as quickly as possible. The walls of the veins are thinner and more elastic. This is due to the lower speed of blood flow, as well as the large volume (venous is about 2/3 of the total volume).

What kind of blood is in the pulmonary vein?

The pulmonary arteries ensure the flow of oxygenated blood into the aorta and its further circulation throughout the systemic circulation. The pulmonary vein returns some of the oxygenated blood to the heart to nourish the heart muscle. It is called a vein because it supplies blood to the heart.

What is venous blood rich in?

When the blood reaches the organs, it gives them oxygen, in return it is saturated with metabolic products and carbon dioxide, and acquires a dark red hue.

A large amount of carbon dioxide is the answer to the question why venous blood is darker than arterial blood and why veins are blue. It also contains nutrients that are absorbed into digestive tract, hormones and other substances synthesized by the body.

Its saturation and density depend on which vessels the venous blood flows through. The closer to the heart, the thicker it is.

Why are tests taken from a vein?

This is due to the type of blood in the veins - rich in products metabolism and vital functions of organs. If a person is sick, it contains certain groups of substances, remains of bacteria and other pathogenic cells. U healthy person these impurities are not detected. By the nature of the impurities, as well as by the level of concentration of carbon dioxide and other gases, the nature of the pathogenic process can be determined.

The second reason is that venous bleeding when a vessel is punctured is much easier to stop. But there are times when bleeding from a vein for a long time doesn't stop. This is a sign of hemophilia, low content platelets. In this case, even a minor injury can be very dangerous for a person.

How to distinguish venous bleeding from arterial bleeding:

1. Assess the volume and nature of leaking blood. The venous flows out in a uniform stream, the arterial flows out in portions and even in “fountains”.
2. Determine what color the blood is. Bright scarlet points to arterial bleeding, dark burgundy - for venous.
3. Arterial is more liquid, venous is thicker.

Why does venous clot faster?

It is thicker and contains a large number of platelets. The low speed of blood flow allows the formation of a fibrin mesh at the site of vessel damage, to which platelets “cling.”

How to stop venous bleeding?

At minor damage veins of the extremities, it is sometimes enough to create an artificial outflow of blood by raising an arm or leg above the level of the heart. A tight bandage should be applied to the wound itself to minimize blood loss.

If the injury is deep, a tourniquet should be placed above the damaged vein to limit the amount of blood flowing to the injury site. In summer you can keep it for about 2 hours, in winter - for an hour, maximum one and a half. During this time, you need to have time to deliver the victim to the hospital. If you hold the tourniquet longer than the specified time, tissue nutrition will be disrupted, which threatens necrosis.

It is advisable to apply ice to the area around the wound. This will help slow down your blood circulation.

Video

There's so much you can't find on the net. Even the question about the color of blood and veins is often accompanied by assumptions and fiction, although most people actually know the answer. Yes, everything is simple here - the blood is red, only in different shades, depending on the amount of hemoglobin in it and oxygen enrichment. Everything is as taught in biology and BJD at school: arterial blood(oxygen-rich, coming from the heart) bright scarlet color, and the venous one (which gives oxygen to the organs and returns to the heart) is dark red (burgundy). The veins that are visible under the skin are also red when blood flows through them inside. After all, the blood vessels themselves are quite transparent. But still, many people have questions such as “Why does blood come in different colors and what does this depend on?” and “Why are veins blue or cyan?”

What determines the color of blood?

The red color of blood can have different shades. Oxygen carriers, i.e. red blood cells, are tinted red based on hemoglobin, an iron-containing protein they contain that can bind with oxygen and carbon dioxide to carry them to the desired location. The more oxygen molecules connected to hemoglobin, the brighter the red color the blood is. That’s why arterial blood, which has just been enriched with oxygen, is so bright red. After the release of oxygen to the cells of the body, the color of the blood changes to dark red (burgundy) - such blood is called venous.

Of course, the blood contains other cells besides red blood cells. These are also leukocytes (white blood cells) and platelets. But they are not in such significant quantities compared to red blood cells as to affect the color of the blood.

Blood color in anemia and cyanosis

With anemia (not enough hemoglobin or red blood cells), the blood can be said to be a paler red color, although this can only be seen by a specialist under a microscope. This is because when hemoglobin is not bound to oxygen, the red blood cells appear smaller and paler.

When the blood, due to health problems, does not carry enough oxygen and there is little oxygen in it, this is called cyanosis (cyanosis). That is, there is hemoglobin in the blood, but it is not associated with oxygen. A manifestation of cyanosis is the acquisition of a bluish tint by the skin and mucous membranes. The blood remains red, but even arterial blood has a color similar to the color of venous blood in a healthy person - with a blue tint. The skin under which the blood vessels pass, which normal conditions transport bright scarlet blood rich in oxygen, which turns blue in appearance.

But with anemia, the symptoms of cyanosis may not even be visible, because there is too little hemoglobin to affect the color of the skin and mucous membranes, and they are simply pale. In this case, external cyanosis will begin to appear only when the amount of reduced (without oxygen) hemoglobin becomes more than half of its total amount.

Why are veins blue and not red?

In fact, of course, although the veins carry dark burgundy blood, unlike the bright scarlet arterial blood, they are not at all blue in color. They are red, like the color of the blood that flows through them. And you shouldn’t believe in the theory that you can find on the Internet that the blood actually runs through the vessels is blue, and when cut and in contact with air it instantly turns red- this is wrong. Blood is always red, and why is described above in the article.

The veins only appear blue to us. This is explained by the laws of physics about the reflection of light and our perception. When a beam of light hits the body, the skin reflects some of all the waves and therefore looks light, or different, depending on melanin. But it transmits the blue spectrum worse than red. But the vein itself, or rather the blood, absorbs light of all wavelengths (but less, in the red part of the spectrum). That is, it turns out that the skin gives us a blue color for visibility, and the vein itself gives us red. But, interestingly, the vein actually reflects even a little more red than the skin in the blue spectrum of light. But why then do we see veins blue or cyan? And the reason, in fact, lies in our perception - the brain compares the color of the blood vessel against the bright and warm tone of the skin, and in the end shows us blue.

Why don’t we see other vessels through which blood flows?

If a blood vessel is located closer than 0.5 mm to the surface of the skin, then it generally absorbs almost all blue light, and reflects much more red light - the skin looks healthy pink (ruddy). If the vessel is much deeper than 0.5 mm, then it is simply not visible, because the light does not reach it. Therefore, it turns out that we see veins that are approximately located at a distance of 0.5 mm from the surface of the skin, and why they are blue has already been described above.

Why can't we see arteries from under the skin?

In fact, about two-thirds of the blood volume is permanently in the veins, which means they are larger than other vessels. In addition, arteries have much thicker walls than veins, because they have to withstand greater pressure, which also prevents them from being sufficiently transparent. But even if the arteries were visible from under the skin as well as some veins, it is assumed that they would have approximately the same color, despite the fact that the blood running through them is brighter.

What color are veins actually?

If you've ever cooked meat, you probably already know the answer to this question. Empty blood vessels are reddish-brown in color. There is not much difference in color between arteries and veins. They differ mainly when viewed in cross section. Arteries are thick-walled and muscular, while veins have thin walls.

Blue blood

As for aristocrats, the expression “blue bloods” arose due to the paleness of their skin. Until the twentieth century, tanning was not in fashion, and the aristocrats themselves, especially women, hid from the sun, which protected their skin from premature aging and looked appropriate for their status, that is, they differed from the serfs who “plowed” all day in the sun. We now understand that pale skin color with a blue tint is actually a sign of less health.

But scientists also claim that there are about 7,000 people in the world whose blood has a blue tint. They are called kyanetics (from the Latin cyanea - blue). The reason for this is not the same hemoglobin. Their protein contains more copper than iron, which during oxidation acquires a blue tint instead of the red we are accustomed to. These people are considered more resistant to many diseases and even injuries, as their blood is said to clot several times faster and are not susceptible to many infections. In addition, there are different theories about the origin of kianeticians, including that they are descendants of aliens. There is not much information about them on the Internet, but there are articles in foreign publications where the birth of such children is explained by the abuse of rudimentary drugs long before conception. As they say, “Don’t smoke, girl, the children will be green!”, but the results from birth control may turn out blue (meaning the color of blood).

Previously, as it was, the aristocrats, in the overwhelming majority, were rather weak people who were easily susceptible to illness, so paleness was really a sign of the aristocracy.

Yes, we already understand this now. And back then, such a not entirely healthy skin color was in fashion, was skin in fashion????

And I would like to be with blue blood... especially since they withstand injuries much better. I once saw in some Indian books people who are depicted as completely blue... like they were gods. Although I don't remember exactly. I wonder what you need to do to have a baby with blue blood. Well, except for birth control

According to one of the most common theories, people with blue blood were obtained as a result of crossing people with inhabitants of extraterrestrial civilizations in ancient times. That is, as an option, you need to find a mate from another planet????

But in general, seriously, this is a very rare phenomenon, if not a myth at all. There are probably more assumptions about the very reason for the origin than the documented facts themselves. Although, judging by your website, you understand English, and there is more information about this phenomenon than on Russian-language resources.

Without reading, I will say that blood is red

Only ordinary and natural food is perceived correctly by the body.

As for blue blood, animals can also be mentioned here, since indeed blue blood Scorpions, spiders and octopuses have them.

But in octopuses, the blood is even dark blue if it is saturated with oxygen, but in the veins it is pale. By the way, they also have a rectangular pupil.

Aristocrats also had different food preferences. But unfortunately, we are still fooled by something that has the words “Elite” or “Lux” in its name. Only ordinary and natural food is perceived correctly by the body.

I do not agree with articles in foreign publications that birth control pills can cause children with blue blood to be born. Millions of people in advanced countries begin to take very early birth control pills, literally with the arrival of the first menstruation. And they give birth to a child closer to 30 years old, not earlier, since study and career are important to them. In general, they give birth to children with the most common red blood.

Did you know that there are other colors of blood: blue, green and purple.

For example, peanut worms and brachiopods have purple blood when it is oxygenated.

Some worms and leeches have green blood due to iron-containing protein.

Blood performs many vital functions in our body. important functions. It is no coincidence that large blood loss, as well as poor circulation, can be disastrous for us. We suggest that you familiarize yourself with the list of functions that are “assigned” to blood:

• Transport function. Blood is “responsible” for transporting various substances. It is thanks to her that cells and internal organs receive oxygen and nutrients, the blood removes carbon dioxide and metabolic end products from them. In this regard, three subfunctions are distinguished: respiratory, trophic and excretory.
• Thermoregulatory function. Blood, in addition to oxygen and nutrients, transfers heat from more heated organs to less heated ones.
• Protective function. Implementation of non-specific and specific immunity: Blood clotting prevents blood loss during injury.
• Regulatory, or humoral function. This refers to the delivery of hormones, peptides, ions and other physiological active substances from the places of their synthesis to the cells of the body, which allows for the regulation of many physiological functions.
• Homeostatic function. Blood ensures the maintenance of constancy internal environment body (acid-base balance, water-electrolyte balance and other parameters).

Blood composition

The liquid component of blood can be distinguished - blood plasma and blood cells. The formed elements are red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets. Per share shaped elements accounts for 40–45%, and plasma accounts for 55–60% of blood volume.

From 90 to 92% of blood plasma is water, and the remaining 8–10% is dry matter, which consists of organic and inorganic substances. All vitamins, microelements, as well as intermediate metabolic products are constantly present in plasma.

Formed elements of blood

Red blood cells. They contain hemoglobin, which makes our blood red. Perform the following functions:

• respiratory;
• regulation of blood pH;
• nutritious;
• protective;
• participate in the process of blood clotting;
• are carriers of various enzymes and vitamins (B1, B2, B6, ascorbic acid);
• are carriers of group blood characteristics.

Leukocytes. They are also white blood cells - colorless cells ranging in size from 8 to 20 microns. Perform a protective function in the body. White blood cells are produced in red bone marrow from a single stem cell.

Platelets, or blood platelets - flat cells of irregular round shape with a diameter of 2–5 microns. Main function platelets are involved in hemostasis (stopping bleeding in case of damage to the walls of blood vessels and maintaining the liquid state of the blood). Platelets “produce” and secrete a number of biologically active substances: serotonin, adrenaline, norepinephrine and substances called lamellar coagulation factors.

Hemoglobin and red color of blood

As already mentioned, it is hemoglobin that colors our blood red. It is also the basis of the red blood cell, filling it by 1/3. It is formed as a result of the interaction of a protein called globin with four heme molecules.

Heme, which contains an atom ferrous iron, capable of attaching or donating an oxygen molecule. In this case, the valence of iron, to which oxygen is attached, does not change.

It is thanks to this divalent iron oxide (Fe2+) that hemoglobin acquires its red color. All vertebrates, some species of insects and mollusks have iron oxide in their blood protein, and therefore their blood is red.

Blood of a different color

Red is not the only blood color possible in nature. And this is due to the fact that some living beings’ red blood cells contain not hemoglobin, but other iron-containing proteins. This is observed in some species of invertebrates, in particular mollusks.

Their blood contains the protein hemerythrin, which is a respiratory pigment in the blood and contains five times more iron, compared to hemoglobin. Oxygenated hemerythrin gives blood purple shade, and having given oxygen to the tissues, such blood becomes pink.

Another iron-containing protein - chlorocruorin - gives blood and tissue fluid green color. This protein is dissolved in the blood plasma and is close in composition to hemoglobin, but the iron in it is not oxide, as in the blood of mammals, but ferrous. That's why the color turns out green.

However, the color range of the blood of living beings is not limited to red, purple and green. For example, octopuses, octopuses, spiders, crabs and scorpions are blue bloods in the most literal sense. The reason is that in these animals and insects the respiratory pigment of the blood is not hemoglobin, but hemocyanin, which contains copper (Cu2+) instead of iron.

By the way, recently, as a result of one of the studies, a discovery was made regarding the ancient Egyptians, more precisely, the color of their blood: it is quite possible that they also had blue.

Red blood cells give the blood its special color because they contain hemoglobin, the combination of which with oxygen gives this color.

Blood, oxygenated, called arterial, oxygen-poor - venous.

Pathology such as blue veins in the legs occurs in Lately quite often for a lot of people. This in turn led to the development various methods elimination of this disease. This can be done either conservatively or surgical methods. Before treatment, you should definitely consult with your doctor.

Medicines for the treatment of venous vessels of the legs

If the veins in your legs turn blue and swell, no folk recipes will not help in their treatment. In this case, you should take medications. It is important to understand that any drug has its own side effects and contraindications. That is why you need to be extremely careful and careful, strictly following the instructions for use and the recommendations of doctors.

Among the most popular and effective medicines For varicose veins, it is worth highlighting the following:

• Detralex;
• Phlebodia;
• Aescusan;
• Venoruton;
• Antitrax;
• Venarus;
• Aspirin, etc.

Mostly blue veins are treated with the above tablets, but they do not eliminate the causes of the pathology. In most cases, they eliminate the symptoms of the disease and also significantly improve general condition health. Most often on early stages For problems with blood vessels, it is worth using these methods of therapy, and not more radical methods.

Creams and ointments

Systemic treatment varicose veins veins should also be strengthened local therapy. It includes the use of classes of medications such as gels, ointments, creams, etc. They are applied directly to the affected areas of the veins and help reduce certain symptoms of the disease.

Blue veins in the early stages can be eliminated using the following medications:

• Heparin ointment;
• Vishnevsky ointment;
• Troxevasin;
• Venoruton;
• Hepatrombin;
• Varicobooster, etc.

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Wear compression stockings

Blue veins in the legs require that treatment be carried out comprehensively and comprehensively. That is, in addition to the tablets and ointments themselves, it is worth using special knitted compression underwear. It puts a certain pressure on a person’s shin, which prevents blood stagnation and also improves its flow through the vessels. This way it can get back to the heart without any problems.

It is worth noting that compression garments must be prescribed by your doctor. You cannot use it on your own unless necessary. In addition, a specialist can select the appropriate class of knitwear that will best cope with the existing problem.

Traditional methods of treating veins

There are also alternative methods therapy for varicose veins. First of all, this concerns in various ways fight against this disease, created on the basis of observations traditional healers. It is necessary to pay attention to the fact that any folk recipe is unable to completely replace the effect of a tablet or ointment. That is why such techniques should be used only as an additional, and not as a primary means of treatment.

To prevent your feet from turning blue, you can use the following traditional therapy recipes:

1. Funds based on horse chestnut. They can be purchased both in some pharmacies and made at home. To prepare the medicine, it is imperative to grind the fruits of the tree well.
2. Iodine-based products. First of all, the application of iodine starch with a mesh in areas of vascular damage is popular. To prepare it, it is worth additionally using citric acid with water.
3. Homemade ointments based on honey and bee products.
4. Infusions from a variety of medicinal herbs. First of all, this applies to lemon balm, St. John's wort, henna wort, millennial and other plants.

Any folk remedy may cause some side effects. Therefore, before using it, you should consult your doctor. But mostly the recipes of the craftsmen do not lead to adverse consequences, as a result of which women give preference to them in order to give birth without problems. This is due to the fact that pregnancy often provokes an exacerbation or the occurrence of varicose veins.

What a surgeon or phlebologist can do

A phlebologist is a surgeon who specializes in diseases and pathologies vascular system person. This profession is quite new, since recently the number of patients with diseases of the arteries and veins has increased significantly.

A surgeon or phlebologist can not only consult or examine a patient, but also treat the disease. First of all, this applies to one-day surgery, when the patient is operated on and sent home for rehabilitation within just a couple of hours.

In most cases, phlebologist surgeons perform laser coagulation and sclerotherapy. These methods are the most popular. These specialists can easily correct thin veins in the legs, returning them to the correct diameter.

Most often, phlebologists perform operations under local anesthesia, but together with the appropriate team they can eliminate the consequences of the disease and under general anesthesia patient.

Surgery

A person with varicose veins needs surgery only for late stages development of the disease. Recently, this does not happen very often due to the awareness of patients and timely access to medical institutions.

Among surgical methods treatments that are carried out only by a doctor in hospital or outpatient setting, it is worth highlighting the following methods of treating varicose veins:

• phlebectomy;
• laser coagulation;
• radiofrequency ablation;
• sclerotherapy.

With the help of surgery, it is possible to remove the affected veins or sections thereof, thereby transferring the blood flow to healthy vessels.

Sclerotherapy

You can get rid of varicose veins quite simply using a treatment method such as sclerotherapy. This is a fairly old method that has proven its effectiveness. Conducted primarily against the background ultrasound examination vessels.

Most often to no side effects sclerotherapy does not work. Immediately after treatment, the patient can return to his usual lifestyle. To be in inpatient conditions after such intervention is not required.

The essence of the sclerotherapy method is that the blue is thin up to 10 mm. the vessel is injected with a special substance that glues its walls together. The cause of the disease is not eliminated in this way. But at the same time, the vein ceases to function, as a result of which blood flow begins to occur through healthy vessels.

Preventive measures

To eliminate the need for vascular treatment, you just need to correctly perform some preventive measures, excluding the progression or occurrence of varicose veins. Among them it is worth highlighting the following:

1. It is worth exercising in moderation physical exercise. This applies to walking, gymnastics, sports, warm-ups, etc.
2. Nutrition should be complete and balanced.
3. It is necessary to stop smoking and drinking alcoholic beverages.
4. Work must alternate with periods of rest.
5. Need to lead active image life, etc.

By following the above rules, you can prevent the need to visit the hospital for vascular problems.

Do you still think that getting rid of varicose veins quickly is difficult?

An advanced stage of the disease can cause irreversible consequences, such as: gangrene, blood poisoning. Often the life of a person with an advanced stage can only be saved by amputation of a limb.

Under no circumstances should the disease be started!

This issue was most fully studied by German scientists, who identified three main factors determining visible blue light

1) Light absorption by blood

2) Reflection of light from the skin

3) The perception of color by our brain (dress, hello!)

Veins appear bluest on light skin (hence “blue blood”), the color of which is due to the fact that it weakly absorbs light of any wavelength.

Blood, on the contrary, perfectly absorbs light, especially in the short and medium wavelength part of the spectrum, that is, the red color is slightly worse, and therefore we see it as red.

So, the color of all wavelengths falls on the skin. Red light, having a longer wavelength, will penetrate tissue better, plus it will be reflected by the vessels encountered. Our eye will see the picture that the light reflected from our tissues will give us.

Thus, if the vessel is located close to the surface of the skin, then almost all of the blue light is absorbed by the blood in the vessel, and part of the red is reflected -...

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There's so much you can't find on the net. Even the question about the color of blood and veins is often accompanied by assumptions and fiction, although most people actually know the answer. Yes, everything is simple here - the blood is red, only in different shades, depending on the amount of hemoglobin in it and oxygen enrichment. Everything is as taught in biology and BJD at school: arterial blood (rich in oxygen, coming from the heart) is bright scarlet, and venous blood (which has given oxygen to the organs, returning to the heart) is dark red (burgundy). The veins that are visible under the skin are also red when blood flows through them inside. After all, the blood vessels themselves are quite transparent. But still, many people have questions such as “Why does blood come in different colors and what does this depend on?” and “Why are veins blue or cyan?”

What determines the color of blood?

The red color of blood can have different shades. Oxygen carriers, i.e. erythrocytes (red blood cells), have a shade of red in...

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Why are veins blue?

Venous blood (in the photo it is in the right vesicle*) is dark red (purple). And the veins are blue. How can this be?

There is even an assumption that venous blood is actually blue, and it turns red only when it flows out and comes into contact with air. This, of course, is not true: when your blood is taken from a vein in the hospital, the blood does not come into contact with the air - but it is still red.

Let's follow the flight of the sun's rays

1) The rays of the Sun fall on the skin, pass through the skin, through the subcutaneous fatty tissue, through the wall of the vein - and reach the venous blood.

2) The rays of the Sun contain seven colors of the rainbow. Venous blood has a purple (red + blue + yellow) color, so it reflects these three colors, and absorbs all other colors.

3) Red, blue and yellow rays reflected by the blood move back: they pass through the wall of the vein, subcutaneous fatty tissue, skin - and enter our eye.

The trick here is...

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This can be explained simply by two things. Firstly, the blood contains red blood cells containing hemoglobin. It carries oxygen and in the process of capturing molecules it oxidizes and turns bright red. Hemoglobin containing oxygen is called oxyhemoglobin. It flows through arteries that branch into many capillaries, where it is given to the cells of the body. This causes the hemoglobin to turn purplish-blue, which is why the veins appear that way. If you take blood from a vein, when it comes into contact with air, it instantly turns red again.

Secondly, the skin absorbs approximately 50 percent of red wavelengths and returns the rest, while it absorbs only 30% of blue wavelengths. That's why veins look blue.

The veins of the extremities are of particular importance, since the arms and legs require a good supply of oxygen - after all, they are the most active parts of the body. There are superficial and deep veins. Deep veins are paired veins that accompany the arteries of the fingers...

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Blood in the human body circulates in a closed system. The main function of biological fluid is to provide cells with oxygen and nutrients and removal of carbon dioxide and metabolic products.

A little about the circulatory system

The human circulatory system has a complex structure, biological fluid circulates in small and big circle blood circulation

The heart, which acts as a pump, consists of four sections - two ventricles and two atria (left and right). The vessels that carry blood from the heart are called arteries, and the vessels that carry blood to the heart are called veins. The arterial one is enriched with oxygen, the venous one – with carbon dioxide.

Thanks to interventricular septum, venous blood, which is on the right side of the heart, does not mix with arterial blood, which is on the right side. Valves located between the ventricles and atria and between the ventricles and arteries prevent it from flowing in the opposite direction, that is, from the largest artery (aorta) to the ventricle, and from the ventricle to...

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If blood is red, why are veins blue?

(Asked by E. Perrins, Eastwood, New South Wales, Australia)

As mentioned above, red blood cells, which occupy about 40% of the blood, contain hemoglobin. As red blood cells pass through the lungs, hemoglobin picks up oxygen and binds to it, causing it to turn bright red. The term "oxyhemoglobin" is used to refer to hemoglobin combined with oxygen. Oxyhemoglobin is pumped from the heart through the arteries. Red blood cells containing oxyhemoglobin then enter the capillaries, where they give oxygen to other tissues. After hemoglobin loses oxygen, it turns purplish-blue in color and is then called deoxyhemoglobin. On its way back to the heart, deoxyhemoglobin passes through veins, which appear blue through the skin. However, if blood is extracted from a vein, it will react with the oxygen contained in the air and immediately turn red.

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2014-11-18
When we say Blue Bloods, we mean people of royal descent. Documentedly, this term originated in 1834 in Spain. There is a myth that this phrase describes a condition caused by a rare genetic defect that was endemic to the royal families of Europe, due to their habit of marrying only into members of other European noble families. This interbreeding led to the development of a disease called "hemophilia", which in turn gave rise to the phrase "blue blood".

Queen Victoria was indeed genetically prone to hemophilia. She received the nickname "Grandmother of Europe" thanks to a large number children and grandchildren in royal houses throughout Europe. All this contributed to the spread of this gene.

A significant drawback of this theory is that hemophilia does not make blood blue. It simply means that the body lacks certain substances in the blood that help blood clot. Depending on the type of hemophilia, the blood...

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How does the human heart begin to beat? Is it true that the younger a person is, the faster his heart beats? Why does the heart beat constantly? Does listening to music really calm the heart? Can a person continue to live when the heart stops beating? What is cholesterol? What is the difference between “good” cholesterol and “bad” cholesterol? What is the difference between diastolic arterial pressure from systolic? Is it possible to stop your pulse? What's happened heart attack? Is there a lifetime heart rate limit? What is heartburn? What is bypass surgery? Can the heart be on the right? Does the heart have its own blood supply system? Why doesn't blood freeze on very cold days? How much blood is in my body? What is plasma? What are platelets? What is the significance of red and white blood cells? If blood is red, why are veins blue? What is anemia? Where is the spleen located and what is its function? Is it possible to live without...

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Blood is a combination of many substances - plasma and formed elements. Each element has strictly certain functions and tasks, certain particles also have a pronounced pigment, which determines the blood color. Why is human blood red? The pigment is contained in red hemoglobin; it is part of the red blood cell. It is for this reason that there are organisms on Earth (scorpions, spiders, monkfish) whose blood color is blue or green. Their hemoglobin is dominated by copper or iron, which gives the characteristic color of blood.

To understand all these elements that fill the blood, it is necessary to understand its composition.

Blood composition

Plasma

As already noted, one of the components of blood is plasma. It takes up about half of the blood composition. Blood plasma turns blood into a liquid state, has a light yellow color and is slightly denser in properties than water. The density of plasma is provided by substances dissolved in it: antibodies,...

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Despite the fact that the appearance of each person is unique, people differ little from each other in the general structure of the body. For example, we all have five fingers on our hands (of course, except for rare exceptions) or feet. Or look at your veins - what color are they? Probably greenish-blue, like many others. A completely different question is why they are of this particular shade, because blood is red, which means the veins should be the same color. But it's not that simple.
The fact is that the blood flowing through the veins contains a certain amount of carbon dioxide, which, when mixed with other components, colors it dark color. Because the skin and vein walls add some distortion, they end up appearing bluish to us. Another theory is that the fatty layer between the dermis and fascia absorbs low-frequency light that penetrates the dark vein and reflects the blue wavelength.
You can even conduct an appropriate experiment. For this you need...

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The blood in them is not red - it is just so bluish because it has given up its oxygen to the body. Red blood is in the ARTERIES. Those. The body has two systems - the inflow and outflow of blood, involved in the delivery of oxygen.. For now blood is flowing from the lungs - it is scarlet. When the oxygen is released, the color changes... but in general, I should have studied biology at school. %-) (Of course, blood is not that “blue”, first of all - it’s just dark. :-))

Well, I wouldn’t want to check, but as far as I know, if you open the veins, it will flow dark red, and not blue at all. And the wreaths, here they are, are naturally blue, not purple. So you didn’t convince me personally, I don’t know about the author of the post :))))))))

Well, don’t take me for an ignoramus at all. It is clear to horses that the blood in the veins is venous and that it is not rich in oxygen. However, venous blood is not BLUE. If you look at your veins, you will see that the blood, although excellent...

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The veins that are visible under the skin are also red when blood flows through them inside. But still, many people have questions such as “Why is blood different colors and what does this depend on? And “Why are veins blue or cyan? In anatomy atlases, veins are symbolically designated in blue. If you look at a vein filled with blood, it will appear bluish.

Now the variety of children’s scooters makes Razor’s eyes widen: there are even ones that any adult would envy. This natural mechanism is a “spare” in case high temperature environment, causing crying instead of cold.

If you heat for less than 5 minutes, you can heat up to 4 times during the day. If bruising occurs at the site of the pinch, fragility of the blood vessels occurs. The land of Nod in Cyprus cannot be for any reason, simply due to geography: “And Cain went from the presence of the Lord and settled in the land of Nod, east of Eden” (Gen.

Increased blood clotting (a condition...

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Through which vessels does more dark blood and how the circulatory system works

Constant movement of blood through a closed circuit cardiovascular system, which ensures gas exchange in tissues and lungs, is called blood circulation. In addition to saturating organs with oxygen, as well as cleansing them of carbon dioxide, blood circulation is responsible for delivering all necessary substances to the cells.

Everyone knows that blood can be venous and arterial. In this article you will learn through which vessels darker blood moves, and you will find out what is included in this biological fluid.

This system includes blood vessels that penetrate all tissues of the body and the heart. The process of blood circulation begins in the tissues where metabolic processes through the capillary walls.

The blood, which has given up all the useful substances, flows first to the right half of the heart, and then into the pulmonary circulation. There she got rich useful substances, moves to...

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