Caring for bedridden patients at home - advice from professionals. Caring for bedridden patients: basic rules

About how to implement professional care for a bedridden patient, says Vladimir Yashin, a general practitioner, teacher at Moscow Medical School No. 13, author of the textbook “Healthy Lifestyle.”

Often chronic patients do not need active treatment and daily medical supervision. Let's say during long stay in a hospital (for example, after a stroke), a person received the necessary qualified assistance. And, of course, he wants to go home, to close people, in a familiar environment.

Indeed, in practice I can say: houses and walls help. Good care and care can work wonders. An old saying goes: “The doctor heals, the caregiver cures.” It is still quite relevant today. What is important for a caregiver to know?

Hygiene comes first

All manuals unanimously recommend regularly ventilating the room where the patient is lying and carrying out wet cleaning daily. For many people, the second point is difficult to achieve. But try to wipe the dust on the shelves and floor at least once a week - cleanliness and comfort improve the patient’s mood, and this is a direct path to recovery.

Bed linen should be changed weekly - and this is vital important question. The more the laundry is caked, the more crumbs spilled on it, the more the risk of bedsores increases.

To change linen and straighten the bed, it is necessary, if possible, to transfer the patient to another bed. Overweight people need to be carried by two people: one puts his hands under the head and shoulder blades, the other - under the lower back and hips and lifts them up at the same time.

If it is not possible to move the patient, there is another way. The patient is moved to the edge of the bed, the dirty sheet is rolled up lengthwise in the form of a bandage, and a clean one is straightened in its place. The patient is rolled onto the clean side, the dirty sheet is removed from the other side and a clean one is straightened.

Changing clothes

To change underwear, you need to place your hands under the patient’s sacrum, then grab the edge of the shirt/T-shirt and carefully push it towards the head. Raising both the patient’s arms, remove the shirt over the head and then free his hands.

Dress the patient in the reverse order: first the sleeves of the shirt, then the neckline over the head. By the way, in stores and pharmacies you can buy undershirts for seriously ill patients, for example with myocardial infarction, which are easy to put on and take off.

Skin care

If the condition allows, the patient is seated in bed, and he independently washes his hands, face, neck and ears with soap and water at room temperature. A bedridden patient is wiped using tampons or sponges moistened with water with the addition of vodka or cologne. Seriously ill patients need to wipe their entire body camphor alcohol, especially folds in the groin, armpits and areas of skin under the mammary glands in women. If the skin is dry, you need to lubricate it with baby cream every 2-3 days.

Among modern skin care products that are sold in pharmacies, we can, in particular, recommend the following: alcohol-free body lotion (has a softening and soothing effect), foam for washing and body care (provides nutrition and care for irritated skin , removes bad smell urine), wet wipes For sensitive skin(they have cleansing and disinfecting properties).

After each meal it is necessary to clean the oral cavity. To do this, you need a cotton swab, a 2% soda solution and a kidney-shaped basin (sold at the pharmacy). The patient should be seated in bed, take a cotton swab with tweezers, soak it in a soda solution and wipe the tongue, teeth and oral surface of the cheeks. After this, the patient should rinse his mouth warm water, and the caregiver holds a kidney-shaped basin under his chin.

Bathing

sick moderate severity wash once a week in a bath or shower, following the doctor’s recommendations. The bath is half filled with water (not lower than 35-37° C). The patient is helped to wash his head, back and legs. When washing in the shower, sit him in the bathtub on a bench and use a flexible hose.

Severe and weakened patients are washed in bed, placing an oilcloth over the sheet. Using a sponge moistened with warm water and soap, wash the upper half of the body, then the stomach, thighs and legs.

For washing (as well as for emptying Bladder and intestines) use a bedpan and warm water(or furatsilin solution at a dilution of 1:5000). The procedure must be carried out several times a day. You need: oilcloth (place it under the vessel), a water jug, sterile cotton swabs and a holder. The patient lies on his back with his knees bent. The caregiver pours warm water or disinfectant solution external genitalia in a woman or the perineal area in men, and then wipes the skin with cotton swabs.

Prevention of bedsores

Bedsores are skin ulcers of varying sizes and depths. Most often they appear in seriously ill patients in the sacral area, less often in the area of ​​the shoulder blades, back of the head, buttocks, heels and in other places where soft fabrics squeezed between the bone and the bed. The first sign is pale skin, then redness, swelling and peeling of the epidermis. In the future - blisters and necrosis of the skin. IN severe cases Not only soft tissues, but also cartilage and even bone can undergo necrosis. The following manipulations can help prevent bedsores:

• if the patient’s condition allows, it is necessary to change his position in bed several times a day;
• places possible education Wash bedsores with warm water and soap, and then wipe with camphor alcohol;
• do simple massage areas of the body where bedsores can form;
• make sure there are no wrinkles or food crumbs on the sheet;
• put on the seriously ill, for a long time for those in bed on their back, an inflatable rubber circle placed in a pillowcase so that the sacrum is above its opening;
• in case of hyperemia (redness), rub the skin with a dry towel, and to improve local blood circulation, irradiate the affected area with a quartz lamp;
• wash the skin with soap and water at room temperature, and then wipe it with alcohol and powder with talcum powder.

Enemas

Bedridden patients suffering from constipation need it (once every 2-3 days). To do this, use an Esmarch mug (a rubber tank with a capacity of up to 2 liters). The patient is placed on his left side with his legs bent towards his stomach. An oilcloth is placed under the buttocks, the free edge of which is lowered into a bucket. Pour boiled water into Esmarch's mug (the tap on the rubber tube is closed) to 2/3 of the volume, lubricate the tip with Vaseline. Then open the tap to let out some water and air, and close it again. After this, spreading the buttocks, insert the tip into the rectum with rotational movements and open the tap. At the same time, Esmarch's mug is raised higher than the bed. Sometimes, instead of cleansing ones, microenemas are given with the same frequency vegetable oil- using a rubber bulb. Microclysters are easier for patients to tolerate; the procedure is carried out before bedtime so that the patient has stool in the morning.

Innovation for health

Recently, a lot of inventions have appeared that make it easier: these are various pads (for those suffering mild form incontinence), and absorbent panties, and disposable sheets, which can replace the usual oilcloth. Remember, in the use of these means, the main law is expediency. If the degree of incontinence is mild, then there is no need to “steam” in absorbent panties around the clock. The greater the contact of the body with natural tissues, the less the danger of bedsores and diaper rash. However, if incontinence has become normal, then absorbent panties and sheets can save you from the same bedsores - after all, not all caregivers have the opportunity to regularly change their underwear.

Caring for your eyes, ears and nose

If patients develop discharge from the eyes, they should wipe their eyes daily with a sterile gauze swab moistened with a 3% solution of boric acid. It is also necessary to clean the ears from the accumulation of wax in the ear canal. For this purpose, a few drops of a 3% solution of hydrogen peroxide are instilled into the ear, and then a cotton swab is inserted into the very beginning of the ear canal with light rotational movements and carefully so as not to damage eardrum, clean it. Weakened patients cannot clean their nose on their own, so the caregiver performs this procedure daily. What is it? The patient should be seated with his head slightly thrown back, placing a pillow under his back. Then the cotton swab is moistened Vaseline oil or glycerin and injected into the nasal passage. After holding it for 2-3 minutes, it is pulled out of the nose along with the crusts using rotational movements.

Weather in the house

Naturally, a long stay in bed and the associated discomfort depress a person and traumatize his psyche. He often becomes very irritable and moody. This is fine. I urge you not to break down under any circumstances. After all, your emotional reaction can worsen the patient’s condition - do you need subsequent remorse?

The best way to get rid of irritation is a change of environment. If your ward cannot go outside or at least onto the balcony, do not be afraid to invite guests - friends and relatives. Many are afraid of injuring relatives or tiring the patient. But remember: strangers force the patient to get ready, mobilize, and forget about irritation. New faces practically guarantee an improvement in mood and a feeling of returning to a normal, active life.

Hello. Today we will talk about what it is like to care for bedridden patients at home, what rules the relatives of such people need to know and follow so as not to harm them, and how, in general, you can make their fate easier for bedridden patients.

The patient’s impairment of consciousness may last for several days (for example, after a cerebral hemorrhage or severe traumatic brain injury).

The success of treatment and the outcome of the disease will depend on the type of care and how correct and how strictly all the doctor’s prescriptions are followed.

Therefore, the main responsibility for caring for bedridden patients lies with relatives, and the patient’s condition depends on their actions. Carefully study the information in this article and, if possible, follow general rules described in it.

Caring for seriously ill and bedridden patients at home - general rules

Requirements for the condition of the room

First of all, a person whose consciousness is impaired needs absolute peace!

His bed should be comfortable, the mattress should be smooth, the linen should be clean, and the sheets should be dry and well-folded. To prevent its rapid contamination, you need to put a wide oilcloth on top, covered with a clean cloth (or a diaper).

The bed should be positioned so that it can be accessed and, if necessary, quickly approached from both sides.

It is advisable to remove unnecessary things from the room and thoroughly ventilate it in the morning, evening and, if necessary, during the day.

In summer, you can open a window, in winter, a window, after wrapping the patient warmly. The head should always be left open. The optimal temperature in the room is 17 – 19 degrees Celsius. It shouldn't be any higher!

Requirements for the oral cavity of bedridden patients

It is imperative to clean the patient’s mouth 2–3 times a day. This is done like this: tongue, lips, gums, teeth with a cotton swab, first moistening it in a solution of tea soda (0.5 teaspoon baking soda per glass of warm boiled water).

After this, the oral mucosa is lubricated with glycerin or any vegetable oil. If the patient does not swallow saliva, it should be removed with a gauze pad so that it does not enter the trachea and bronchi.

In severely ill patients, vomiting can often occur, which is especially dangerous. It lies in the fact that vomit can easily enter the respiratory tract.

To prevent this from happening, when gagging occurs, the patient’s head is slightly raised and turned on its side, placing a basin to the lips.

Requirements for the intestines and bladder

The intestines of a bedridden patient should be periodically cleaned. At home, this is done with an enema.

If urination is delayed for more than 12 hours, the bladder is emptied with a catheter. This procedure must be performed by specially trained nurses.

Skin condition requirements (how to avoid bedsores)

The main danger here is the formation of bedsores. Most often they form in places where the bony protrusion is covered only by skin and there is no muscle or fatty tissue. Such places include:

1. shoulder blades
2. sacrum
3. elbow joints
4. heels

A bedsore usually begins with the formation of a red, painful spot, which gradually turns into a superficial or deep ulcer.

To avoid bedsores, if the doctor allows it, you need to change the patient’s position in bed more often, turning him from one side to the other.

You should also wipe your skin more often, especially in areas where bedsores most often form. You can wipe it with vodka or camphor alcohol.

A rubber circle or vessel wrapped in soft fabric is placed under the patient’s sacrum, and small circles of cotton wool and gauze (in the shape of a bagel) are placed under the shoulder blades, elbows and heels.

Sometimes, due to the absence of a blink reflex, patients in unconscious, can lie with their eyes slightly open. In this case, place gauze napkins on the eyelids, moisten them in boiled water and lightly squeeze them.

They cover the eyelids and hold them in this position with a narrow strip of adhesive tape glued to them. This helps prevent drying and inflammation of the mucous membrane of the eyes and cornea.

2 times a day (morning and evening), the patient’s eyes should be washed with a warm solution (1 teaspoon of boric acid per glass of boiled water).

Now, as for food. If the swallowing reflex is not impaired, then the patient can be spoon-fed. Food should be high-calorie and easily digestible (broths, cream, kefir, juices, pureed soups).

If the patient is not able to swallow food on his own, then there is only one way out - feeding through a tube. Here you will need the help of a doctor or nurse, since you are unlikely to be able to carry out this procedure on your own.

Care products for bedridden patients

Below are the basic care products for unconscious people. You can find them at any pharmacy or order online. All these means make life much easier for the relatives of such patients and allow them to keep them clean and provide relative comfort.

Diapers for adults

On Russian market a huge variety of adult diapers of various brands and price categories. The most popular brands include:

• Super Seni Trio
• Moli Care
• Abri-Form

Absorbent diapers

As a rule, these are disposable diapers of a wide variety of brands. Sold in packs of 5 - 30 pieces. The most famous on the Russian market:

• Tereza
• Seni Soft
• Molinea Plus

Urinals

Urinals are divided into:

1. for men's and women's
2. reusable and disposable
3. bedside and portable
4. one-component, two- and three-component
5. drained and undrained

The choice is also quite large and to an ordinary person Sometimes it can be difficult to understand all the nuances. Therefore, before purchasing, it is advisable to consult a doctor who, depending on your case, will advise you on the model of the urinal bag.

Remedies for bedsores

There is a huge selection of medicinal cosmetics that can effectively combat bedsores. Creams, ointments, gels, powders, special anti-decubitus pillows, etc. Your doctor will help you make your choice.

Colostomy bags

Colostomy bags can be single-component or two-component. They are also distinguished by the type of bag. There are open and closed types.

Means for washing bedridden patients

Here, too, there is an opportunity for wild imagination. Gels, tonics, sprays, oils, lotions from a wide variety of manufacturers and price categories. All means for washing bedridden patients are divided into:

• hair wash products
• for skin cleansing
• for skin protection
• devices for washing bedridden patients (all sorts of rubber baths and trays, etc.)

People caring for seriously ill people face certain difficulties every day, but this task can be made a little easier if everything is organized correctly. Caring for a bedridden patient is not an easy task. Relatives and friends are dear to us, even if their illness does not allow them to move independently and take care of themselves. In such a situation, you can invite a nurse, but often relatives take on all the responsibilities of caring for their sick relatives.

It is important for them to know how to correctly perform all procedures for caring for a bedridden patient.

Medical care for bedridden patients in medical institutions carried out by staff. When patients are discharged home, care responsibilities are transferred to the patient's relatives. Creating a comfortable environment for such patients can improve their quality of life. Caring for bedridden patients at home is difficult work that requires organization, patience and a lot of time. First, let's talk about what requirements a room for bedridden patients must meet.

What should a bedridden patient's room be like?

For a bedridden patient at home, it is advisable to allocate a separate room. It should be quite spacious and bright. If it is south facing, then in summer on hot days it needs to be shaded. It's good if there are blinds on the windows. They protect from the sun when necessary and are easy to clean.

It’s good if the room is protected from strangers loud sounds, but the patient should not feel isolated from society.

The room in which the patient is located should not be cluttered, but everything necessary must be placed at hand. The room should contain the following furniture: a table, a closet or chest of drawers with linen, a chair, and, if necessary, a TV or portable radio (the patient should be aware of all the latest events and not feel like an outcast). Unnecessary items must be removed from the room, as they make cleaning difficult.

Means for caring for bedridden patients should be right there, nearby.

The bed mat should not slide. You can use a bathroom rug; they are usually made with a rubberized bottom, which prevents them from sliding on the floor.

The room should be ventilated in any weather at least twice a day for 15-20 minutes. Wet cleaning is done daily. Bedridden patients are very sensitive to dust and various infections, because they usually have reduced immunity.

Bed for a bedridden patient

If a patient spends a lot of time in bed, it is advisable that his bed be special and functional. Its height is easy to adjust; the head and foot parts can be raised and lowered if necessary. This bed has special side posts that prevent the patient from falling out of it. A functional bed will make caring for bedridden patients easier. Bedsores are best prevented, but they are difficult to treat. The possibility of bedsores forming with such a bed is much less.

But if you cannot purchase such a bed, then the usual one can be somewhat transformed. The desired height can be achieved by placing several mattresses on top of each other. Chairs inserted into the bed frame will prevent the patient from accidentally falling.

The bed should be wide enough, since bedridden patients spend most of their time in it. They should be comfortable. The approach must be ensured from all sides. It is so easy to change bedding and underwear and turn the patient into a different position.

Items needed by the patient

Items for caring for bedridden patients should be nearby. On the bedside table there should always be fresh drinking water and a glass (mug or sippy cup), a TV remote control, the patient’s glasses (if he reads in them), a table lamp (floor lamp or wall sconce). It is convenient if the patient has a bell on his table or bedside table, with which, if necessary, he can call a nurse or relative caring for a bedridden patient to him. All these items must be placed in such a way that the patient can easily reach them on his own.

The drawer of the bedside table should contain a tonometer, a thermometer, cotton pads and swabs, as well as special cosmetics, talc, cream and anti-bedsore products and necessary medications. The lower drawer can accommodate disposable nappies, nappies and trash bags. Items for caring for bedridden patients must be arranged in such a way that, if necessary, the patient himself can reach them. The toilet chair, if used by the patient, should also be located next to the bed.

Basic rules of care

A bedridden patient requires a lot of attention and time. The rules for caring for it are as follows:

• patients who have had a heart attack or stroke need to measure their blood pressure every morning and evening, record it, and show these records to the attending physician;
• body temperature is measured daily;
• it is necessary to monitor the nature and quantity of bowel movements, and if they become pathological (loose stools, streaks of blood, little urine, dark or red urine, etc.), inform the doctor;
• the condition of the skin should be assessed daily (the appearance of bedsores, rashes or redness);
• All necessary medications must be given to the patient on a schedule or make sure that he does not forget to take them himself.

If it is difficult for a patient to drink from a regular cup, you need to purchase a sippy cup for him.

If a patient is incontinent of urine or feces, it is necessary to stock up on disposable diapers and diapers.

Underwear for a patient should be soft and only made of natural fabric; preferably, it should be seamless, but if it has fasteners or ties, they should only be on the front.

It is always necessary to ask the patient what he wants and, if possible, fulfill his requests. There is no point in arguing; the patient understands better what exactly he needs at the moment.

Ask who he would like to see and invite only these people, but the visits should not be boring.

If the patient gets worse, he should not be left alone, especially at night. Keep the lights dim in the room. If you cannot constantly be present in the room with the patient if his health worsens, then you can hire a caregiver or a nurse. Caring for bedridden patients with nurses medical education perform better. You can hire them through an agency or look for them in medical institutions.

Hygienic care for bedridden patients

For seriously ill patients, hygiene is especially important. The immunity of such people is weakened, so any infection can worsen the condition or provoke concomitant disease, for example, congestive pneumonia.

Hygienic care consists of daily washing, hand washing, brushing teeth and hygiene intimate places. To do this, it is better to use neutral liquid shampoos and detergents for the care of bedridden patients with a pH of 5.5. The body also needs regular washing. Special treatment should be carried out where there are skin folds - these are the back and buttocks (places where bedsores most often form).

To wash the body, you need to use a sponge and a hard towel, which is used to rub and massage the patient’s skin after washing. After the hygiene procedure, the body must be thoroughly dried. Growth occurs on a moist body bacterial infection, which can lead to inflammatory processes. After hygiene procedures, skin folds and places of contact with the bed (where bedsores can form) must be treated with talcum powder or baby cream.

After changing the diaper, the genital area must be washed using gentle detergents, wiped dry and treated protective cream(there are special creams for diapers).

When changing bed linen and diapers, they should not be pulled from under the patient, as this can damage the skin and cause the formation of bedsores.

Caring for bedridden patients. Bedsores and their prevention

Bedsores are areas of necrosis (death) of the soft tissues of the body. They can form in bedridden patients as a result of compression of the tissue of protruding areas, these are places above bone protrusions. Typically, bedsores appear in immobilized patients. Typical places their manifestations are the buttocks, heels, back of the head, elbows, and less often the back and hips. Skin care for bedridden patients, in addition to normal hygiene procedures, includes the prevention of bedsores.

It is needed by both bedridden patients and patients who use a wheelchair to move, those who are partially immobilized (for example, an arm or leg cannot function after a stroke), as well as those who are obese, diabetes mellitus severe form or urinary or fecal incontinence.

Caring for a bedridden patient involves preventing bedsores. It would be a good idea to lightly massage your back area after each body wash. This will increase blood circulation and thereby help improve tissue trophism, which will serve as the prevention of bedsores.

To prevent the formation of bedsores, you must:

• eliminate risk factors for the formation of bedsores;
• use the necessary devices for the prevention of bedsores (rollers, soft pillows, rubber circle);
• careful hygiene of the patient’s skin;
• performance physical exercise, if the patient is immobilized, but this should be passive exercises(i.e., the person caring for the patient independently flexes and extends his limbs);
• massage, it can be done on your own, it can be a non-professional massage, the main task is to increase blood flow to the places that experience the greatest compression (perform the most common movements - stroking, light patting);
• complete nutrition.

How to eliminate risk factors for the formation of bedsores?

1. Carefully examine the patient’s body every day for redness and changes in the skin, Special attention place the bony prominences.
2. Every 2 hours it is necessary to change the position of the patient's body. So, for example, to turn him over to his left side, you need to cross the patient’s arms over his chest and put him down right leg to the left. Then approach him on the right and put your one hand under his thigh and put the other on his shoulder, and then turn the lying patient in one motion. Patients should be turned from side to side as carefully as possible to avoid excessive tension or friction of the skin. You can put a soft pillow between your legs, especially for emaciated patients (for obese patients this measure will be unnecessary).
3. The temperature in the room must be maintained optimal (19-20 degrees) so as not to provoke excessive sweating of the patient and the formation of diaper rash.
4. Bed linen should always be clean and changed promptly. Use soft underwear and only made from natural fabrics. It is best to place a disposable absorbent diaper on top of it; this will prevent the formation of diaper rash and make it easier to care for a bedridden patient.

Nutrition for bedridden patients

Since a bedridden person moves little, his diet should be moderate, because such an organism does not experience large energy costs. The calorie content of the food is reduced, but the diet is well balanced. The amount of protein and minerals should be sufficient. Protein is construction material for cells, if there is a lack of it, tissue restoration and wound healing will be poor.

The diet must include meat, fish, dairy products (cheese, cottage cheese), fruits, and nuts. The daily calorie content of foods for bedridden patients should be around 1500 kcal.

Treatment of bedsores

If after all preventive measures was not enough or they did not help and bedsores appeared, then their treatment must be started immediately. It consists of three main areas:

1. Improve blood supply to the places where bedsores form (do not lie on the wound, use a rubber circle, anti-bedsore mattress, turn the patient often).
2. Clean the wound of pus, dirt and necrotic tissue and treat it with chlorhexidine. Do not touch the wound with your hands, carry out all manipulations with gloves and use aids(sterile wipes, tweezers), apply the medicine directly from the bottle (do not use hydrogen peroxide, iodine, brilliant green - they dry the skin and interfere with healing).
3. Take measures to heal the wound as soon as possible (completely clean the wound of necrotic tissue, since they are nutrient medium for the development of infection), change the bandage once a day.

Features of patient care after a stroke

Often, after a stroke, the patient is cared for by his relatives. No matter the severity past illness, the patient should be in bed for the first time. An ischemic stroke often leads to partial immobilization of a person. Care for a bedridden patient after discharge from the hospital is carried out by his relatives. In such patients, the right or left side of the body is paralyzed, and when caring for them, certain rules should be followed.

Such patients need to change body position every 2 hours, carry out a complex physical therapy and get a massage. These activities are necessary for recovery nerve impulses and restoration of mobility of paralyzed limbs. The more often exercise therapy and massage are performed, the better the dynamics of recovery will be. Ideally, these complexes should be repeated every 3-4 hours. Patients can perform some basic exercises on their own.

When caring for such a patient, it is very important to ensure that the paralyzed limbs are not suspended. To do this, you should place bolsters, pillows or use garters, and mobility in shoulder joint must be maintained and some distance must be maintained between the hand and the body.

If the patient is turned on his paralyzed side, then the affected arm is placed 90 degrees relative to the body, placing a small pillow under it, and the healthy arm is pulled back.

Sometimes the recovery period lasts a long time, during this time you need to be patient and consistently follow all the doctor’s recommendations. The patient will have to learn to hold objects and move independently again.

When walking, such a patient should always be supported from the affected limbs.

It feels like we, unlike the rest of the world, have not yet left the cave.

water basin; basin stand; a jug of warm water; soap or shampoo; towel; scallop

The head of the patient in bed should be thrown back. At the head end of the bed you need to place a basin on a stand. Wet your hair with warm water. It is good to lather wet hair with soap or shampoo. Brush hair. Rinse them well with warm water and rinse. Wipe dry with a towel and put on a scarf. Carefully remove the basin and stand. It is convenient to place the patient on a pillow.

I've been meaning to write for a long time.

In general, I outlined the essence of the problem to my 18-year-old daughter, saying that I found it and there's a problem I have partly decided.

I wash myself, spreading absorbent diapers under me. It’s not particularly comfortable and cool, but that’s how it is for now.

My daughter bought different mittens for washing, all reusable, it turned out to be more convenient than a sponge. We also use canopy gel instead of soap, which also turned out to be very convenient. I wash my feet one at a time in a separate container.

with her head she came up with this: with her help, I turn around across the beds (I have two of them end to end, and some remission came after last year’s exacerbation, when I couldn’t move at all), she puts pillows under my back, covers her with a diaper, puts a towel around my neck, and there’s also a basin in the back. I use my regular shampoo. True, she can only come once every two weeks, but even then it’s a holiday against the backdrop of the fact that there’s no way at all.

We dream of buying a bathtub for washing in bed. I think we can handle it. First, anyway, a mattress.

My daughter also bought lotions to prevent bedsores, both domestic and German ones also help a lot.

There is a sample of body foam, but I can’t use it myself.

dry hair shampoo also didn’t live up to its expectations. I couldn’t use it on my own. You have to at least sit there. And even then it’s better with an assistant.

But what I end up with is not hair, but straw, horror.

like this, through trial and error)))

the head fits comfortably into a special gap, the neck does not get tired. There is a lot of water in the bath, it does not need to be poured out as often as in the basin. There is a drain hole at the bottom of the bath. In theory, the hose should be there. but China, unfortunately. However, pouring water through the hole into the bathtub, sink and even bucket works.

to completely photograph the washing process - we need someone else, but here are a couple of photos:

For example, there are shampoos and caps that allow you to wash without using water at all (the foam disintegrates), and after soaping it is enough to wipe with a towel. Cleans very well.

Here is the information: http://www.norinse.ru/production/hair-care/no-rinse-shampoo/

The price is not indicated on this site, look in your city (There is “Where to buy?”).

No way! Nothing can replace water! I have tried these things and I can honestly say that they are complete nonsense.

If any material posted on the site violates copyright, please inform the administration and we will put it the right source or we will delete the material. LINK: COMPLAINT

How to wash a bedridden patient

How to wash a bedridden patient? When a person is bedridden and cannot wash himself and wash himself, then those around him help him do this.

In the morning and evening, they wash the bedridden patient, and if for some reason this is impossible, then they wipe his face. This is done with a damp swab dipped in boiled water at room temperature, and sometimes (no more than once or twice a week) in water diluted in half with cologne or vodka. First they wipe the face, then the ears and neck.

The hands of a bedridden patient are washed with warm water and soap before each meal. It is best to do this over a basin, pouring water from a jug or kettle. The patient's fingernails and toenails should be cut short.

Particularly carefully in the morning and evening it is necessary to wipe the folds of the patient’s skin - in the groin, under the arms, and in women - under the mammary glands. After defecation, be sure to wash, wipe dry and powder with talcum powder.

Sometimes discharge accumulates in the corners of the eyes of a seriously ill patient. In such cases, wipe the eyes with a cotton swab soaked in a solution of boric acid (one teaspoon per glass of warm boiled water). This should be done carefully, running a damp cotton swab from the outer corner of the eye to the inner corner (towards the nose).

If a bedridden patient is not allowed baths by a doctor or for some reason it is impossible to give them, the body is washed weekly with warm water and soap in bed. They do it like this. In order not to overcool the patient, first they soap, wash and dry the chest, then the back, then the arms, legs, immediately covering the washed areas of the body with a blanket. A bedridden patient should be washed with a specially sewn linen mitten or a piece of linen fabric, and dried with a hard towel heated with a heating pad or iron. In order not to wet the mattress, place an oilcloth under the sheet that is to be changed.

If a bedridden patient is unable to brush his teeth, his mouth is washed. To do this, a small rubber bulb, previously boiled, is filled weak solution potassium permanganate (one or two crystals per glass of boiled water).

At the head of the bed, on a stool or directly on the bed, place a basin or a special tray purchased at the pharmacy. The head of a bedridden patient is slightly raised, turned to one side and the prepared solution is carefully introduced into the mouth from a pear, which the patient spits into the basin.

Then dilute a quarter teaspoon of borax in a glass of warm boiled water, add a teaspoon of glycerin, stir and moisten sterile gauze wipes in the prepared liquid. Having wrapped a finger, or even better, a special wooden stick - a spatula (it is sold in a pharmacy), with gauze soaked in the solution, the patient carefully wipes his mouth. First, the inner surface of the cheeks and outer surface gums, then another damp cloth - teeth and tongue. This procedure must be performed at least twice a day.

If the patient's lips have cracks, they should be washed with warm water. boiled water or a solution of baking soda (half a teaspoon per glass of boiled water), carefully wipe and grease with unsalted butter or boric vaseline.

The caregiver should ensure that dry crusts and mucus do not accumulate in the patient’s nose. Removing crusts is not difficult. To do this, alternately place a cotton swab with boric vaseline in one nostril, then in the other. After 3-4 minutes, it is removed, and the nostrils are wiped with a cotton swab wound around a match and soaked in a warm solution of boric acid.

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How to wash a bedridden patient

Washing a bedridden patient is very difficult, but when modern conditions Maybe. First, wipe the patient's eyes, forehead, chin and cheeks with a warm, damp towel or wet baby wipes, then the mouth, nose and ears, and lastly the neck. When washing your hands and feet, place towels under them to avoid getting your bed linen wet. It’s best to put diapers with an oilcloth base.

For a way to place a diaper under a bedridden patient or change the sheet, see the figure.

Then wash the rest of the body, while carefully inspecting the patient’s body in places where bedsores may form. You can use foot baths to wash your feet. The procedure time is 20–30 minutes, the water temperature is about 37ºC. You can add bath salt to the water - it will soften the skin and give the water a pleasant aroma. After taking a bath, dry the patient's feet, paying special attention to the toes and the spaces between them. When treating your toenails, make sure that they do not protrude beyond the edge of your toe: short-cut nails can cause pain, and damage to unprotected skin can cause pain. nail plate, infection may occur. Make sure that the corners of your nails do not grow in!

After washing, the skin must be thoroughly dried and moisturizer applied. It will be easier for you to wash your hair if he sits in a chair or reclines in bed. Raise the head of the bed, place an oilcloth there (water will drain onto it), cover the patient’s shoulders with a towel. Prepare a bowl of warm water and stand behind you. The patient will only have to tilt his head back. There are also special pillows for washing your hair while lying down.

And again, I will resort to the help of the HARTMANN company, not as an advertisement, but simply using it myself and sharing my experience, the products, although expensive, are very effective.

Pay attention to the cleansing foam and foam lotion, which are diluted in water, wipe the body and do not need to be washed off, the body becomes clean and fresh. Pay also attention to the nutrition and hydration of the skin and protection, which can be achieved both with products from the same company and with baby creams; it is important to moisturize the skin in order to protect it from dryness and the possibility of bedsores.

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Rules for caring for a bedridden patient

It is difficult to talk about caring for a bedridden patient. Caring for a person who, in your memory, was cheerful, cheerful and energetic, but is now chained.

Vladimir Yashin, a general practitioner, teacher at Moscow Medical School No. 13, and author of the textbook “Healthy Lifestyle,” talks about how to provide professional care for a bedridden patient.

Often, chronic patients do not need active treatment and daily medical supervision. Let's say that during a long stay in the hospital (for example, after a stroke), a person received the necessary qualified assistance. And, of course, he wants to go home, to close people, in a familiar environment.

Indeed, in practice I can say: houses and walls help. Good care and attention can work wonders. An old saying goes: “The doctor heals, the caregiver cures.” It is still quite relevant today. What is important for a caregiver to know?

Hygiene comes first

All manuals unanimously recommend regularly ventilating the room where the patient is lying and carrying out wet cleaning daily. For many people, the second point is difficult to achieve. But try to wipe the dust on the shelves and floor at least once a week - cleanliness and comfort improve the patient’s mood, and this is a direct path to recovery.

Bed linen should be changed weekly - and this is vital. The more the laundry is caked, the more crumbs spilled on it, the more the risk of bedsores increases.

To change linen and straighten the bed, it is necessary, if possible, to transfer the patient to another bed. Overweight people need to be carried by two people: one puts his hands under the head and shoulder blades, the other - under the lower back and hips and lifts them up at the same time.

If it is not possible to move the patient, there is another way. The patient is moved to the edge of the bed, the dirty sheet is rolled up lengthwise in the form of a bandage, and a clean one is straightened in its place. The patient is rolled onto the clean side, the dirty sheet is removed from the other side and a clean one is straightened.

Changing clothes

To change underwear, you need to place your hands under the patient’s sacrum, then grab the edge of the shirt/T-shirt and carefully push it towards the head. Raising both the patient’s arms, remove the shirt over the head and then free his hands.

Dress the patient in the reverse order: first the sleeves of the shirt, then the neckline over the head. By the way, in stores and pharmacies you can buy undershirts for seriously ill patients, for example with myocardial infarction, which are easy to put on and take off.

Skin care

If the condition allows, the patient is seated in bed, and he independently washes his hands, face, neck and ears with soap and water at room temperature. A bedridden patient is wiped using tampons or sponges moistened with water with the addition of vodka or cologne. Seriously ill patients need to wipe the entire body with camphor alcohol, especially the folds in the groin, armpits and areas of skin under the mammary glands in women. If the skin is dry, you need to lubricate it with baby cream every 2-3 days.

Among modern skin care products that are sold in pharmacies, we can, in particular, recommend the following: alcohol-free body lotion (has a softening and soothing effect), foam for washing and body care (provides nutrition and care for irritated skin , removes the unpleasant odor of urine), wet wipes for sensitive skin (they have cleansing and disinfecting properties).

After each meal it is necessary to clean the oral cavity. To do this, you need a cotton swab, a 2% soda solution and a kidney-shaped basin (sold at the pharmacy). The patient should be seated in bed, take a cotton swab with tweezers, soak it in a soda solution and wipe the tongue, teeth and oral surface of the cheeks. After this, the patient should rinse his mouth with warm water, and the caregiver holds a kidney-shaped basin under his chin.

Bathing

A moderately ill patient is washed once a week in a bath or shower, following the doctor’s recommendations. The bath is half filled with water (not lower than 35–37° C). The patient is helped to wash his head, back and legs. When washing in the shower, sit him in the bathtub on a bench and use a flexible hose.

Severe and weakened patients are washed in bed, placing an oilcloth over the sheet. Using a sponge moistened with warm water and soap, wash the upper half of the body, then the stomach, thighs and legs.

For washing (as well as for emptying the bladder and intestines), use a bedpan and warm water (or a solution of furatsilin at a dilution of 1:5000). The procedure must be carried out several times a day. You need: oilcloth (place it under the vessel), a water jug, sterile cotton swabs and a holder. The patient lies on his back with his knees bent. The caregiver pours warm water or a disinfectant solution over the external genitalia in women or the perineal area in men, and then wipes the skin with cotton swabs.

Prevention of bedsores

Bedsores are skin ulcers of varying sizes and depths. Most often they appear in seriously ill patients in the sacral area, less often in the area of ​​the shoulder blades, the back of the head, buttocks, heels and other places where soft tissues are compressed between the bone and the bed. The first sign is pale skin, then redness, swelling and peeling of the epidermis. Subsequently - blisters and necrosis of the skin. In severe cases, necrosis can affect not only soft tissue, but also cartilage and even bone. The following manipulations can help prevent bedsores:

• if the patient’s condition allows, it is necessary to change his position in bed several times a day;
• Wash areas of possible formation of bedsores with warm water and soap, and then wipe with camphor alcohol;
• do a simple massage of areas of the body where bedsores may form;
• make sure there are no wrinkles or food crumbs on the sheet;
• for seriously ill patients who have been in bed on their back for a long time, place an inflatable rubber circle placed in a pillowcase so that the sacrum is above its opening;
• in case of hyperemia (redness), rub the skin with a dry towel, and to improve local blood circulation, irradiate the affected area with a quartz lamp;
• wash the skin with soap and water at room temperature, and then wipe it with alcohol and powder with talcum powder.

Enemas

Bedridden patients suffering from constipation need a cleansing enema (every 2-3 days). To do this, use an Esmarch mug (a rubber tank with a capacity of up to 2 liters). The patient is placed on his left side with his legs bent towards his stomach. An oilcloth is placed under the buttocks, the free edge of which is lowered into a bucket. Pour boiled water into Esmarch's mug (the tap on the rubber tube is closed) to 2/3 of the volume, lubricate the tip with Vaseline. Then open the tap to let out some water and air, and close it again. After this, spreading the buttocks, insert the tip into the rectum with rotational movements and open the tap. At the same time, Esmarch's mug is raised higher than the bed. Sometimes, instead of cleansing ones, microenemas with vegetable oil are done at the same frequency - using a rubber bulb. Microclysters are easier for patients to tolerate; the procedure is carried out before bedtime so that the patient has stool in the morning.

Innovation for health

Recently, a lot of inventions have appeared that make it easier to care for a bedridden patient: these are a variety of pads (for those suffering from mild forms of incontinence), absorbent panties, and disposable sheets that can replace the usual oilcloth. Remember, the main law in the use of these means is expediency. If the degree of incontinence is mild, then there is no need to “steam” in absorbent panties around the clock. The greater the contact of the body with natural tissues, the less the danger of bedsores and diaper rash. However, if incontinence has become normal, then absorbent panties and sheets can save you from the same bedsores - after all, not all caregivers have the opportunity to regularly change their underwear.

Caring for your eyes, ears and nose

If patients develop discharge from the eyes, they should wipe their eyes daily with a sterile gauze swab moistened with a 3% solution of boric acid. It is also necessary to clean the ears from the accumulation of wax in the ear canal. For this purpose, a few drops of a 3% solution of hydrogen peroxide are instilled into the ear, and then a cotton swab is inserted into the very beginning of the ear canal with light rotational movements and carefully, so as not to damage the eardrum, clean it. Weakened patients cannot clean their nose on their own, so the caregiver performs this procedure daily. What is it? The patient should be seated with his head slightly thrown back, placing a pillow under his back. Then a cotton swab is moistened with petroleum jelly or glycerin and inserted into the nasal passage. After holding it for 2–3 minutes, it is pulled out of the nose along with the crusts using rotational movements.

Weather in the house

Naturally, a long stay in bed and the associated discomfort depress a person and traumatize his psyche. He often becomes very irritable and moody. This is fine. I urge you not to break down under any circumstances. After all, your emotional reaction can worsen the patient’s condition - do you need subsequent remorse?

The best way to get rid of irritation is a change of environment. If your ward cannot go outside or at least onto the balcony, do not be afraid to invite guests - friends and relatives. Many are afraid of injuring relatives or tiring the patient. But remember: strangers force the patient to get ready, mobilize, and forget about irritation. New faces practically guarantee an improvement in mood and a feeling of returning to a normal, active life.

How to wash a bedridden patient at home

When a person becomes inactive or immobilized due to illness, loved ones need to take full responsibility for his hygiene. Feeling well-groomed and clean is very important for a bedridden patient, and untidiness and an unpleasant odor can significantly worsen an already serious condition. psychological condition sick person.

Washing bedridden patients in bed: preparation

For weakened patients, the only option is washing directly in bed. Washing a patient in bed is a rather complex procedure that requires patience and certain skills from the caregiver.

Sequencing

Use a special terry cloth or sponge for the “upper body”, soaked in water and wrung out, to wipe the patient’s face and neck. Dry with a towel for the “top”. Next, do the same with the client’s arms, chest, stomach, and back. Immediately cover the treated body parts.

Intimate hygiene of the patient

Carrying out intimate hygiene bedridden patient requires special delicacy and tact. First of all, make sure that there are no strangers nearby.

Washing head

Hair washing should be done at least once a week. To wash your hair, it is necessary for the patient to be reclining in bed. Raise the head of the bed and place an oilcloth on it. Cover the client's shoulders with a towel. Fill a small basin with water and place it on the bed, in the place where the pillow is usually located. It is very convenient to use a special inflatable bathtub instead of a basin - it contains special place, where the head fits comfortably, so it doesn’t get tired. In addition, the bath usually includes a drain with a hose, which makes the procedure easier.

Oral and dental care

The patient's teeth should be brushed twice a day, in the morning and before bed. Raise the head of the bed and help the patient to be in a semi-sitting position. Place a folded towel under your chin. To brush your teeth, use a brush with soft bristles; You can also use dental floss to clean the areas between your teeth. After the procedure, invite the patient to rinse his mouth. You can additionally use mouth rinses - this will give you a feeling of freshness.

Caring for the patient's ears and nose

Bedridden patients who find it difficult to clean their ears and nose on their own need help to do this. Wax plugs in the ear canals can cause hearing loss in the patient. To care for the ears, sit the patient sideways to you and slightly tilt his head in the opposite direction. Pull back your earlobe and place a few drops of 3% hydrogen peroxide solution. After a couple of minutes, remove the wax using a cotton swab.

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Caring for bedridden patients

The rules for caring for patients who are forced to constantly remain in bed have their own characteristics and must be known.

How to bathe a bedridden patient at home?

Relatives should treat the serious illness of a loved one with understanding and participation. An immobile patient needs special care.

It is very important for him to always feel well-groomed and clean. Untidyness and an unpleasant odor can significantly worsen a person’s already disturbed psychological state

In severe cases, it is not possible to wash the patient in a bath or shower, which not only provides the patient with cleanliness, but also brings many pleasant moments.

For weakened patients, the only option is washing directly in bed. The procedure is quite complicated, so loved ones should know how to properly wash a bedridden patient at home.

After all, human hygiene in such a state requires patience and certain skills from the caregiver.

Preparation for the procedure

Before carrying out the procedure, the following steps should be taken:

1. Ask the patient to empty the bladder.
2. Prepare the room: close windows and doors to avoid drafts, check the air temperature, it should be at least 24 degrees.
3. Prepare detergents - special foams and lotions. They remove dirt from the surface of the patient and create a protective barrier. There is no need to wash them off the skin. If there are no such products, then ordinary gels, soaps or shampoos are used.
4. Take water into a basin. Optimal water temperature degrees. It is useful to add a little bath salt to a container of water. This will soften it and give it a pleasant aroma.
5. In order to wash the patient in bed, you should prepare a chair for yourself. This will make it possible not to overload your back.
6. The procedure must be performed sequentially, thoroughly washing all areas of the patient under care.
7. In order to keep the bed clean and dry, you should place a towel or oilcloth under the patient’s body before starting the procedure. It is more convenient to use diapers with an oilcloth base.

Sequencing

In order to know how to properly bathe a bedridden patient at home, you need to familiarize yourself with the preparation for the procedure, which is described above.

It is important to follow the sequence of actions:

1. It’s better to start with oral hygiene.
2. Then you need to move on to other parts of the body. Wipe the patient's face and neck with a towel or terry cloth soaked in water and well wrung out.
3. Blot the towel again and treat your arms, chest, stomach, and back in the same way.
4. Washed body parts should be covered immediately.
5. If the ward is able, then, if desired and possible, he can wash some areas of his body himself. The most convenient way to do this is without water, using special wipes designed for intimate areas.
6. Particular attention should be paid to foot hygiene. It is important to thoroughly wipe not only your feet, but your fingers and the spaces between your toes.
7. After this procedure, you need to apply a moisturizer to the dry skin of the bedridden person.

If the ward cannot process it himself intimate area, then before moving on to the perineum, it is necessary to change the water.

Features of washing the hair of a bedridden patient

In addition to carrying out daily hygiene procedures, you have to periodically wash your hair. If a person is completely motionless, then doing this alone is quite difficult.

But if you wish, you can do everything, so it is important to know how to wash the hair of a bedridden patient at home. Difficulties arise only the first time, then, if you do everything correctly, it’s easy to adapt to it.

The ward can have long or short hair. Short ones are easier to care for. And long ones require effort.

In many cases, they are shortened, especially if the immobility is expected to be long-term. In addition, in seriously ill patients, the structure of the hair is disturbed, and cutting it will allow it to recover faster.

There are several ways to wash the hair of a bedridden person:

1. For short hair, you can use dry shampoo. Hair should be combed well, then apply the contents of the bottle. At the same time, a head massage is performed. This helps remove dirt from the hair. Remains of dry shampoo are combed out with a comb. This product contains substances with sorbing properties, such as clay, rice or corn extract. But this method used in in case of emergency and is not a complete cleansing of the scalp and hair.
2. There is another way to wash the hair of a bedridden patient. Place an oilcloth under your head and bring a bowl of water to the bed, in which you have previously diluted the shampoo. Then soak a towel in this liquid and wipe your hair with it. To rinse, dial clean water, use another towel with which to rub your hair, periodically rinsing it in water. Wipe until the shampoo is completely washed out. After this, the head is wrapped in a dry towel, the oilcloth is removed and the hair is dried with a hairdryer.
3. To wash long hair, the patient’s head should be moved to the edge of the bed and covered with oilcloth. In this case, the strands of hair should hang down, the edge of the oilcloth should be lowered to drain the water. You need to prepare in advance two containers with warm water, shampoo and a mug for watering. Place one of the containers directly under the strands, wet the hair, apply shampoo, then gradually rinse off using a mug.
4. To make the procedure easier, you can purchase an inflatable bath for washing the hair of bedridden patients. It is designed specifically for this procedure in a supine position. The patient feels much more comfortable thanks to the comfortable shape and soft surface of such a device.

Features of intimate hygiene

An intimate hyena of a bedridden patient should be carried out without the presence of strangers; a motionless person already feels uncomfortable. Before the procedure, place a diaper with an oilcloth base on the bed.

The patient must be placed on his back, with his knees bent. Place a bedpan under the sacrum.

The hygienic procedure for women is carried out using a washing mitt, which is moistened with warm water. A small amount of detergent is applied and the perineal area is carefully treated.

To wash men, it is convenient to use a soft cotton swab. Washed areas of the body should be dried with a towel and a softening cream or lotion should be applied.

Special diapers for adults alleviate the patient's condition. They protect the skin from irritation and diaper rash, and prevent the appearance of an unpleasant odor.

Caring for the oral cavity and teeth of a bedridden patient

The teeth of a recumbent, like healthy person should be cleaned twice a day.

To perform this procedure, you need to raise the head of the bed so that the patient is in a semi-sitting position. Place a rolled towel under your chin.

For the procedure, you must use only soft toothbrushes. You can clean the areas between your teeth using dental floss.

After cleaning, the patient should be helped to rinse the mouth. The use of mouth rinses will give you a feeling of freshness.

If you have dentures, they must be removed from your mouth, cleaned with a soft brush and rinsed thoroughly with water. Dentures are stored in a container with water, which is closed.

Hygiene products

There are special hygiene products that make it possible to bathe a bedridden patient at home. Their use provides cleanliness and comfort to an immobile person.

The most popular environments are:

1. The special foam does not require rinsing, creates protection for the skin and prevents it from getting dirty.
2. In addition to foams, there are washing lotions for bedridden patients. They are convenient because they can be dissolved in water. The sensation of such liquid on the skin has therapeutic effect. This important point, because a person who has been lying down for a long time cannot wash himself properly in the bathroom. Water soothes, tones the skin and improves well-being. Therefore, the ability to feel water on the body plays a big role for the patient.
3. When soap and water are unavailable or inconvenient, wet wipes can be helpful. They are specially designed for washing and allow you to easily and quickly treat areas of the patient’s body. Available in large packages with a variety of useful supplements. Those that contain vitamin E are especially effective; it has a beneficial effect on the skin, moisturizes, and relieves inflammation.
4. For hygiene, you may need disposable washcloths. They are self-cleaning, although using detergents won't hurt.
5. Some manufacturers offer a special lotion designed not only for the body, but also for the hair of a bedridden patient. It effectively cleanses the skin and does not require the use of water.
6. Intimate hygiene of immobile patients should be given special attention. Products for the perineal area and areas that are most susceptible to the formation of bedsores will help with this. Used if it is impossible to carry out primary hygiene procedures using soap and water.
7. Cap for washing hair. A great option when you can't use shampoo. It is compact and easy to use. You just need to put it on and make a few massage movements. It contains shampoo and conditioner inside. At the end of the procedure, the cap should be removed and the head should be dried with a towel.

All of the above remedies make caring for seriously ill loved ones much easier. In addition, their use makes it possible to bathe an immobile person with maximum efficiency.

In the modern world, a variety of products are available that are used when washing bedridden patients. They greatly facilitate this procedure and make it as pleasant as possible.

Relatives and loved ones must provide support and necessary care to an immobile person. Proper preparation to bathing and the sequence of actions provide comfort to the patient and improve his well-being.

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Caring for a bedridden patient must necessarily include daily hygiene measures. Feeling your body clean and fresh is uplifting and can help relieve general health person. On the contrary, when the patient feels unkempt, the condition will worsen, since emotional and psychological sensations have a huge impact on a person’s well-being.
All relatives and people close to him should know how to wash a bedridden patient at home, if the person follows strict bed rest Houses.

How to bathe a bedridden patient in the bathroom at home

It is best to bathe the patient in the morning. Also, ideally, you should send your ward to take a bath or shower. It’s great if the situation allows water procedures in the bathroom, but in this case you cannot relax and leave the process to chance.

It is necessary to ensure that the water is at a comfortable temperature, and also to closely monitor the person’s well-being. If you wash a patient in the shower, you should give preference to gentle washing products so as not to provoke excessive dryness of the skin.

Preparing to wash a patient in bed

Before bathing a person, ask him to urinate. Then you should close the windows and doors to avoid drafts, and make sure that the room is warm enough (at least 23 degrees). The water should be at body temperature or slightly higher. In order not to worsen the patient's condition - to avoid the appearance of a cold - it is necessary to wash individual areas of the body, immediately covering them with a blanket. In addition, before bathing, several towels or oilcloths should be placed on the patient’s bed.

You should prepare in advance two terry napkins or sponges (for the upper and lower halves of the body), towels, a blanket or blanket and cream.

Sequencing

First you need to wet the sponge for the upper body and squeeze thoroughly. Wipe the person’s face and neck with it, then immediately remove excess moisture with a towel. Using the same principle, I wash my hands, back, stomach and chest. At the same time, do not forget to immediately cover the washed areas with a blanket.

If a person is not completely limited in movement, then it is advisable to allow him to wash some parts of the body himself. Then, use a sponge for the lower half of the body to wash your legs, thoroughly rinse your toes and the spaces between them. Dry them well with a towel.

If you need to carry out intimate hygiene a woman, you need to moisten a napkin with water, take a little detergent and wipe the intimate area with gentle movements, always in the front-to-back direction, to avoid infection.

When washing a male patient, it is best to use a soft cotton swab. You should also perform intimate hygiene from the penis to the side anus. The penis is washed in a circular motion, gently cleansed foreskin and head. It is also necessary to examine the mucous membranes.

After washing, thoroughly dry the intimate area with a towel and apply a special cream or lotion, especially if the patient has urinary or fecal incontinence.

At the end of the procedure, if necessary, we put a clean one on the patient. Let's start washing our hair.

How to wash the hair of a bedridden patient at home

It is not easy to wash the hair of a bedridden patient. This can be done in one of the following ways:

It is best to place something soft on the edge of the sink to make the patient feel more comfortable. Then we tilt his head a little back and wash his hair with a shower.

Caring for the oral cavity and teeth of a bedridden patient

The patient's teeth should be brushed at least twice a day, in the morning and before going to bed. To perform this activity, you should, if possible, raise the head of the bed, then the patient into a semi-sitting position. A towel is placed on the patient's chest. It is best to choose a soft one for cleaning tooth enamel. toothbrush. It would also be useful to use dental floss. We thoroughly clean the teeth and the spaces between them, and then help the patient rinse the mouth. You can also use special rinses to add freshness.

If the patient has dentures, they also need to be cleaned. For this purpose, they are removed from the mouth, cleaned with a special brush and rinsed well with water. To store dentures, use closed containers filled with clean water.

Caring for the ears and nose of a bedridden patient

The accumulation of wax in the ears can cause hearing loss. Therefore, ears need to be cleaned regularly. For this purpose, sit the patient so that his side is facing you and tilt his head slightly to the other side. Pull your earlobe slightly down and drop into the outer ear canal a little 3% hydrogen peroxide. After a few minutes, clean your ear using cotton swabs.

To clear the nose, the patient should tilt his head back. Cotton swab or the turund is dipped in Vaseline or any other medical oil and the crusts are removed with gentle rotational movements.

Frequency of water treatments

How often should a patient be bathed? If the patient suffers from urinary or fecal incontinence, the washing procedure must be carried out every day. In the absence of such symptoms, daily washing of the whole body will not be necessary. Each area of ​​the body has its own specific frequency of washing:

1. the whole body is washed once a week;
2. feet are washed daily;
3. hair should also be washed once a week;
4. intimate areas are washed twice a day - morning and evening.