Causes of gases not passing. Diagnosis and basic treatment methods. Composition of intestinal gases

Gas formation is a process that occurs in the body of every person. Normally, the intestines contain up to 0.9 liters of gas, which is formed mainly as a result of the vital activity of microorganisms. Increased gas formation in the intestines is called flatulence and accompanies most diseases gastrointestinal tract.

Causes of gas formation in the intestines in women and men

Gas formation - absolutely natural process, which occurs in the intestines in both women and men. But increased gas formation is already a deviation and requires immediate action.

There are processes in which excessive swallowing of air occurs:

• Hasty intake of food or liquid.
• Chewing gum.
• Smoking.
• Drinking carbonated drinks.
• Pulling air through the gaps between teeth.

Frequent strong education gases in men and women can be caused by disruption of the gastrointestinal tract. This permanent violation digestive processes may be associated with the following factors:

• insufficient secretion of digestive enzymes;
• Availability peptic ulcer And ;
• weakening of digestive functions;
• lack of formation digestive system V infancy, about 70% of newborn babies face this problem.
• consumption by a woman of foods that cause gas formation during breastfeeding;
• improper attachment of babies to the breast, which leads to swallowing air;
• violation of peristalsis due to consumption large quantity protein food for sedentary life;
• occurrence in the body hormonal disorders and failures;
• increased gas formation may be a consequence of genetic abnormalities.

People at risk of developing gas in the intestines:

• those who abuse smoking, alcohol, carbonated drinks, sweet foods, and baked goods;
• eating improperly, on the run, on dry food;
• not following a diet;
• constantly swallowing air when eating or drinking;
• those who abuse high-carbon foods;
• often taking beans and beans.

If increased gas formation was a consequence of taking antibiotics, leading to the death of the beneficial intestinal microflora, it is necessary to increase the use fermented milk products containing bifido additives.

Symptoms

Congestion leads to obvious signs flatulence, which indicates impaired motility and intestinal functions and causes unpleasant symptoms.

The main symptoms of increased gas formation include:

• abdominal pain - an increased volume of gas causes stretching of the intestinal walls, and a reflex spasm with the development of pain;
• belching;
• increased gas emission (flatulence), accompanied by a characteristic sound and an unpleasant hydrogen sulfide odor;
• bloating – an increase in the volume of the abdomen due to accumulated gas, accompanied by rumbling and intestinal colic;
• constipation or diarrhea. Increased gas formation in most cases is accompanied by similar stool disorders.
• stomach ache.

A patient suffering from excessive formation of gases in the intestines often complains of constant feeling heaviness in the stomach, which naturally increases after each meal.

Diagnostics

In order to schedule a quick and correct treatment, it is necessary to find out the cause of increased gas formation. Apply following methods diagnostics:

• Careful history taking can give a lot at once important information. If the doctor sees that the patient’s diet, to put it mildly, is not entirely correct, then the main suspicions will fall on this factor.
• FEGDS (gastroscopy)– examination of the mucous membrane of the gastrointestinal tract using a special flexible tube with lighting and a miniature camera at the end. This method allows you to take a piece of tissue for examination, if necessary, that is, do a biopsy.
• Colonoscopy. Visual examination of the large intestine with a special device with a camera at the end.
• Coprogram. Laboratory research, stool analysis for enzymatic insufficiency of the digestive system.
• Stool culture. Using this analysis, the presence of intestinal dysbiosis is detected and disturbances in the intestinal microflora are confirmed.

After a detailed diagnosis, it will become clearer how to deal with increased gas formation, and what pills should be taken to treat the disease.

Treatment of severe gas formation in the intestines

Treatment of increased gas formation begins only after the cause has been found out. this state. Etiotropic, pathogenetic and symptomatic therapy is used.

The use of enzyme substances is widespread, as they naturally improve digestion - due to a greater supply of bile and gastric juice for breaking down products.

When, during the diagnosis, it is determined that gases accumulate due to the use of any medications, it is necessary to treat by discontinuing such medications or switching to lower doses. The doctor’s actions will depend on the intensity and severity of the disorder.

In some cases, taking medications is not enough, and the pain does not go away. This may indicate the presence of other serious diseases:

• in women - rupture of an ovarian cyst;
• intestinal obstruction;
• attack of appendicitis;
• peritonitis.

Medicines for gas formation

1. Defoamers. These substances, affecting the surface tension of air bubbles, lead to their destruction. For example, Espumisan, Antiflat.
2. Enterosorbents. They have the ability to adsorb gas bubbles and residual products that linger in the intestines undigested. The main component of these drugs is Activated carbon. It actively absorbs all excess gases from the intestines. Similar action medicines produced using diosmectite or lignin have. Taking these medications should be accompanied by mandatory consultation with your doctor, as they can stimulate the formation of constipation in the body.
3. Smectites. They also have the ability to adsorb gases, toxic metabolites, and bacteria. Preparations based on lignin. Polyphepan, Entegnin.
4. Antispasmodics (No-shpa, Spasmol).

Taking adsorbents and antispasmodics improves your well-being within 20-40 minutes. The pain goes away immediately after bowel movement or passing of gas. If after these measures the patient continues to complain of severe abdominal pain, then this may indicate a serious illness:

• acute attack;
• intestinal obstruction;
• rupture of an ovarian cyst.

If, due to excessive gas formation, it is not possible to take medications that normalize the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract, you can also use traditional behavioral methods prevention of flatulence:

• Drink regularly clean water, but only in recommended quantities.
• Never rush when eating. Poorly chewed food is one of the main reasons strong gas formation.
• Do not eat baked goods or carbonated drinks.

You can fight pain from gases in the intestines with the help of “gymnastics”. Perform as needed and for prevention. Common exercises:

• Tighten and then relax bloated belly. 10-15 reps.
• Pull your legs towards your body while lying on your back and release the air. Do 1-2 minutes.
• Lie on your back, bend your legs. Exhale, massage your stomach with your palms, inhale again. Do 5-7 times.

To feel good, it is not enough to quickly cope with unpleasant sensations. You need to figure out the cause of intestinal dysfunction - it will take time, but the result is worth it.

If the symptoms of gas formation in the intestines do not go away for a long time, serious diseases and even tumors in the intestines can develop in the gastrointestinal tract, when the treatment of gases in the intestines will need to be carried out through surgery.

Nutrition and diet

Most often, the problem of elevated levels can be solved by normalizing nutrition, quitting smoking and overuse alcohol and including at least minimal alcohol in your daily routine physical activity.

Eating foods that lead to increased gas formation. Here is a list of such products:

• legumes,
• apples,
• cabbage,
• mutton,
• black bread,
• kvass, carbonated drinks, beer.

The temperature of the food you eat matters - food that is too hot or too cold has a negative effect on the mucous membranes of the esophagus, stomach and intestines. It is better to use the products boiled, stewed, or baked. Salt consumption should be kept to a minimum.

Try an experiment and exclude one of the following foods from your diet:

• bananas,
• raisin,
• prunes,
• radish,
• fresh and sour cabbage,
• peas,
• lentils,
• baked goods.

Depending on the result, it will be possible to understand what exactly provokes the occurrence of an unpleasant phenomenon.

It is recommended to include in the diet more fermented milk products, crumbly cereals, boiled vegetables, fruit. Meat can only be consumed in boiled form. After all the symptoms of the disease have passed, you can retreat somewhat from strict diet, but at the same time try to follow all the doctor’s recommendations.

Folk remedies

Folk remedies for gas formation in the intestines can lead to individual intolerance, so you should consult your doctor before taking them.

1. Mint decoction. Mint is a carminative that prevents the increased formation of gases, with any type of mint. The recipe for this decoction is simple: 1 teaspoon of mint is poured into one glass of boiling water, then simmered over low heat for no more than 5 minutes.
2. Helps fight bloating licorice root decoction: 1 tbsp. l. crushed root is poured with a glass of boiling water and boiled over low heat for 10 minutes.
3. The next remedy is prepared from parsley. For preparation you need 20 grams of seeds of this plant. Raw materials must be poured into a glass cold water and put on water bath. You need to simmer the product for half an hour. After this, cool and, of course, strain. Take the decoction up to 5 times a day, one tablespoon at a time.
4. Dill water: 1 tbsp. Pour a spoonful of dill seeds with a glass of boiling water, leave in a warm place (preferably in a thermos) for 6 hours, cool. Children under one year old should be given 1 teaspoon three times a day, children over one year old – ½ cup, adults – 1 glass three times a day.
5. Cumin: 2 tbsp. spoons, pour a glass of boiling water, leave for 4 hours, strain, cool, drink according to tbsp. spoon three times a day.

Increased gas formation in the intestines can occur due to various reasons. To completely get rid of the problem, you should consult a doctor. After full examination a specialist will be able to correctly diagnose and prescribe treatment.

If, upon examination, suspicions of other diseases disappear, then flatulence can be easily eliminated by changing the diet, proper nutrition and taking medications prescribed by a doctor. Comply with everything medical recommendations and be healthy!

Gases in the intestines, or flatulence, is a phenomenon that every person periodically encounters. More often this occurs as a result of dietary errors. However, increased gas formation may also indicate the presence of diseases. How and why gases are formed in the digestive tract, in what cases they are a symptom of a disease, and how to deal with it - this is discussed in the article.

Where does gas come from in the intestines?

The appearance of gases in the digestive tract occurs under the influence of three factors:

• Swallowing air. During eating, smoking, chewing chewing gum, when talking while eating, air enters the digestive tract. Some of it comes back out when belching, and the rest enters the intestines and blood (a little). This pathway of gases is the main source (approximately 70%).
• Metabolic reactions in the intestine itself. IN in this case gaseous compounds are formed as a result of metabolic reactions, as well as during the vital activity of microorganisms of the intestinal flora. As a result, the formation of carbon dioxide, methane, indole, hydrogen sulfide and others is possible.
• Their receipt from blood vessels. Gas contained in the bloodstream can penetrate into the intestinal lumen.

What are intestinal gases

Gases in the intestines are a foamy mucous mass. When there are many of them, they can block the lumen digestive tract, creating difficulties for normal digestion and absorption of foods. At the same time, the activity of enzyme systems decreases, and indigestion occurs.

In a healthy human digestive tract there is approximately a liter of gases; if any disturbances occur, up to three liters can be formed. What does it contain? The most common connections are:

• oxygen;
• hydrogen;
• nitrogen;
• carbon dioxide;
• methane;
• ammonia;
• hydrogen sulfide.

Types of flatulence

There are several types of flatulence caused by different nature occurrence:

• mechanical (emission of gases is impaired due to mechanical disturbances in the digestive tract);
• high altitude (at low air pressure);
• psychogenic (due to stress);
• dysbiotic (if the flora contains many gas-forming microorganisms);
• nutritional (eating food that promotes the formation of gases);
• digestive (disorders of the digestive process).

Causes of flatulence

There are many factors that lead to increased formation of gas in the abdomen.

When a person suffers from gas, this condition may be accompanied by the following symptoms:

• pain (in the form of attacks or contractions, radiating to the sternum, ribs, lower back and other areas);
• feeling that the stomach is “bursting”;
• belching;
• rumbling in the intestinal area;
• visual enlargement of the abdomen;
• stool disorder;
• flatulence;
• loss of appetite.

Important! Increased formation of gases in the intestines can manifest itself not only in disorders of the digestive system, but also in others. They note weakness headache, sleep disturbances and mood swings. In addition, it is possible discomfort in the area of ​​the heart.

Diagnostics

Before getting rid of flatulence, you need to identify the cause of the increased formation of gases in the stomach. For this purpose, carry out diagnostic measures, including:

• inspection and palpation;
• lab tests;
• hardware diagnostics.

Inspection and palpation

First, the specialist will conduct a survey, finding out the patient’s dietary and lifestyle habits, the duration of the disorder, the course and manifestation of symptoms and other details. During examination and during the process of tapping (percussion) using characteristic sounds, the doctor identifies the localization of gases, the degree of bloating, tension in the muscle wall, and so on.

Diagnosis of the causes of flatulence

Laboratory diagnostic methods

Most often prescribed:

• donating blood for general indicators(indicates the presence of an inflammatory process);
• blood for biochemistry (possibly identifying tumor processes in the digestive tract);
• coprogram (makes it possible to assess the state of the intestinal flora, detect worm eggs, and the presence of inflammation).

Hardware diagnostic methods

In some cases, when large cluster gases in the intestines, the use of the following diagnostic methods is indicated.

• X-ray with contrast agent. Makes it possible to determine the presence of pathologies in the structure of the intestine, the condition of the mucous membrane, peristalsis and intestinal tone.
• Ultrasound. Shows disorders associated with the blood supply to the digestive organs. Helps identify cysts and neoplasms.
• Endoscopy. Allows you to see changes in the intestinal wall and lumen of the organ, as well as take material for histological analysis.

Treatment

How to get rid of gases in the intestines? Treatment depends on the cause of the disorder and usually includes drug therapy, diet therapy and folk remedies. If during the diagnostic process a disease of the digestive organs is identified that provokes bloating, then therapeutic effects, first of all, are aimed at eliminating it.

Drug treatment of flatulence

Among the medications for gases in the intestines, taking the following groups drugs.

• Antispasmodics. Allows you to get rid of pain in the intestines caused by spasms. An example is duspatalin or no-spa.
• Surfactants. Preparations based on active component Simethicone exhibits defoaming properties, eliminating gas bubbles and relieving symptoms of flatulence. Among them: , espumisan, gestid.
• Carminative. Helps reduce the formation of gases in the stomach and facilitate their elimination. These are: bromopride, dimethicone and others.
• Enzymatic agents. Bloating often occurs due to a disorder in the body's enzyme system. Reception similar drugs will promote more complete digestion of food. Among them: pancreatin, pancreaflate.
• Probiotics. Normalize the composition of intestinal microflora. An example of such drugs: Linex, Hilak Forte, Bifidumbacterin.
• Prokinetics. Lead to strengthening contractility intestinal walls. An example of this group is domperidone, cerucal.
• Adsorbents. They alleviate the patient’s condition with bloating, but remove not only feces and gases from the body, but also useful compounds. These are: polyphepan, activated carbon, enterosgel, medications with bismuth.

If the process of gas formation occurs against the background of an infectious disease, then taking antibacterial agents. If helminths are detected, anthelmintic drugs are prescribed.

Traditional medicine

What to do if gases accumulate in the intestines, but the disease is not detected or there is no way to see a doctor? Traditional medicine offers a large number of time-tested recipes for getting rid of flatulence.

• Camomile tea. Brew chamomile at the rate of a tablespoon of flowers per 0.2 liters of water. The infusion should be taken at least four times a day, 0.1 liter. chamomile relieves muscle spasms and eliminates the inflammatory process in the gastrointestinal tract.
• Ginger tea. Grind the root of the plant. Brew half a teaspoon of raw material with a glass of boiling water. Drink before meals (30 minutes before). Ginger prevents the fermentation of food residues in the intestines.
• Cumin (infusion). Brew seeds (15 g) with boiling water (0.25 l). When it cools down, drink half a glass before meals. An effective antispasmodic, prevents rotting and fermentation of food masses in the intestines.

In addition, with flatulence in folk medicine Dill, coriander, fennel, mint and other plants are successfully used.

Dill will help get rid of gases

Attention! Before you get rid of gases in the intestines, you need to find out the cause of their occurrence. This is especially true in cases of repeated and prolonged flatulence, as well as severe pain in a stomach.

Diet therapy

In the process of getting rid of gases in the intestines, you need to follow a diet. For this we recommend:

• eat food at least five times a day in small quantities;
• do not snack on the go;
• exclude fried and fatty foods;
• remove legumes, cabbage, apples, lamb and other foods that promote gas formation and fermentation from the diet;
• consume fermented milk foods daily;
• if flatulence is accompanied by constipation, then include fiber in the diet; if you have diarrhea, on the contrary, avoid products containing it.

How to quickly help with flatulence

Flatulence can cause intestinal colic, which are characterized unbearable pain in the form of contractions. Similar situation requires adoption urgent measures and calling an ambulance, as it may be a symptom of intestinal obstruction and a threat to life.

People of different genders and age groups are faced with a problem in which gases do not leave the intestines. This pathological condition causes severe discomfort and is often accompanied by severe spasms and pain.

Causes of gas formation

Causes of gas in the intestines modern medicine considers the following factors:

1. Products that can provoke fermentation processes. For example, the list of irritating foods can be supplemented with soda, beans and other legumes, grapes, potatoes, bakery products, kvass, beer. If a person is lactose intolerant, he will experience discomfort when consuming dairy foods.
2. Dysbacteriosis. When pathogenic microflora begins to dominate beneficial bacteria, then gas formation in the intestines increases.
3. Insufficient production of digestive enzymes.
4. Constipation.
5. Helminthic infestations.
6. Violation of intestinal motility.
7. Tumors localized on the intestinal mucosa.
8. Violation of the process of absorption and neutralization of gases.

Signs of increased gas formation

If gases are poorly removed from the intestines of a child or adult, then accompanying symptoms may appear:

• there is a rapid heartbeat;
• there is discomfort in the heart area;
• CNS disorders are observed;
• depression develops;
• nausea appears;
• Gases begin to be noisily released from the rectum;
• due to intestinal bloating, spasms and pain occur;
• belching appears;
• noises appear in the intestines;
• the stomach is swollen;
• defecation processes are disrupted, etc.

Very often, gases from the stomach and intestines do not pass well during pregnancy. This pathological condition is caused by physiological and hormonal changes, occurring in the body of every expectant mother.

As a result, feces are eliminated from the body more slowly, thereby provoking the formation putrid smell and stagnation of gases.

How to fix the problem?

To normalize the condition and get rid of excessive accumulation of gases, people must first eliminate the cause of discomfort.

1. If the patient has difficulty moving through the intestines food bolus, then doctors prescribe Cerucal tablets.
2. For prolonged constipation, it is recommended to use medications having a laxative effect. For these purposes you can also use herbal teas, which are sold in pharmacy chains.
3. If the cause of excessive gas accumulation is malignant or benign neoplasms, then their removal is carried out surgically.
4. For dysbiosis, patients are recommended to take a course of probiotics and prebiotics.
5. To remove gases from the intestines, people of different age groups can use Espumisan tablets. This medication is safe for human body, therefore it is prescribed even to elderly patients, nursing mothers and children.
6. To remove gases from the intestines, you can use sorbents, which will simultaneously remove accumulated toxic substances from the body. Cleansing is carried out using “Phosphalugel”, “Enterosgel”.
7. Patients can use medications that contain enzymes. With their help, it will be possible to normalize digestion. For example, Mezima and Pancreatin tablets.
8. To normalize intestinal motility, experts prescribe Dimethicone and Simethicone tablets to patients.

Other methods

With excessive gas formation, people should adhere to a special diet.

They need to exclude from the menu those foods that can cause discomfort:

• berries and fruits that have not undergone heat treatment;
• white cabbage;
• legumes;
• bakery products containing yeast;
• baked goods;
• tomatoes;
• bananas;
• milk, etc.

You can also use folk recipes to combat the problem:

• 1. Dill water. Seeds (1 tbsp) are poured into a deep bowl, which are poured with boiling water (1.5 tbsp). After three hours of infusion, the mixture is filtered, and the water is drunk three times a day before main meals.
  2. Nuts. Cedar and walnut kernels are crushed. Finely chopped lemon in peel is added to the mixture. Clay purchased at a pharmacy (30g) is added. You can add a small amount of honey to the mixture. You need to take the drug twice a day, 1 tbsp. l. before meals.
  3. Salt (black). Salt (250g) is mixed with black bread crumbs, a flat cake is formed, which is baked until dark. After cooling, it is grated. Used instead of regular salt.

Formation of gases in the intestines– a natural physiological process that, when manifested intensified, worsens a person’s quality of life and causes pain. Gases in the intestines appear due to dysbiosis, dysfunction of the digestive system, abuse of heavy foods and stress. Increased gas formation can lead to the growth of cancerous tumors.

Gas occurs due to problems with the digestive system

Types of flatulence

Gas formation is divided into several types, which depend on the cause of its occurrence:

1. Mechanical. Occurs as a result of mechanical disorders of the gastrointestinal tract, such as adhesions, tumors, strictures.
2. Digestive. Characterized by improper functioning of the digestive system.
3. Nutritional. Appears after excessive consumption of food containing coarse fiber, cellulose, and pectin. During their absorption, a significant amount of gases is produced in the intestines.
4. Dysbiotic. The reason for its appearance is dysbacteriosis - a violation.
5. Circulatory. This type of flatulence is a consequence of poor circulation in the rectum.
6. Dynamic. It is observed in people with impaired intestinal motility.
7. High-rise. Formed during ascent to altitude as a result of a decrease in atmospheric pressure.
8. Psychogenic. The functioning of the gastrointestinal tract is disrupted due to the influence of stress, nervous and mental disorders.

Gas formation occurs for various reasons and is often accompanied by illness.

Flatulence is not always an independent disease; sometimes it is a symptom of a certain pathology. It can occur in acute and chronic forms.

Why do gases form in the intestines?

If you do not take into account gastrointestinal diseases, gas formation is promoted by:

• swallowing air with food, smoking;
• consumption of highly carbonated drinks;
• introduction into the diet of foods that promote fermentation (legumes, dairy products, apples, cabbage);
• sedentary lifestyle;
• Regular constipation causes stagnation of feces along with gases.

An acute form of flatulence is pathological character, that is, is a symptom of such diseases:

• giardiasis;
• gastritis;
• pancreatitis;
• doudenite;
• cirrhosis of the liver;
• colitis;
• stenosis;
• motor impairment;
• right ventricular failure.

This applies to an adult. If a child has a rumbling stomach, colic occurs in the first months of life - this is due to the fact that the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract is not yet sufficiently formed. Over time the problem will disappear.

How does increased gas formation manifest itself?

Abundant accumulation of gases in the intestines is accompanied by the following symptoms:

• rumbling in the stomach;
• an unpleasant feeling of fullness in the abdominal cavity;
• profuse gas emission with an unpleasant odor.

For acute flatulence characteristic additional signs: nausea, weakness, belching with an unpleasant odor.

Gases in the intestines are manifested by rumbling and a number of other symptoms.

Severe bloating is accompanied by cramps and colic in the lower abdomen.

It’s not a pleasant feeling when gases begin to accumulate in the intestines and the stomach begins to rage. The problem is familiar to many and before starting treatment, it is important to understand its cause.

Most often, such an imbalance in the intestines occurs due to non-compliance with the diet or the development of an inflammatory process in the digestive tract. Knowing the symptoms and provoking factors, it will not be difficult to get rid of gas formation in the intestines.

Causes of gas formation in the intestines

The reasons for severe and increased gas formation in the intestines can be different: not so dangerous, when you just need to reconsider your diet, or quite serious factors in the development of the inflammatory process in the gastrointestinal tract and other diseases, for which it is necessary to consult a doctor and undergo a full diagnosis.

Normally, intestinal gases should be excreted in a volume of up to 1.5 liters per day. If there is a violation, the volume increases almost 2 times, foul-smelling gases begin to escape, are released into the intestines in an abnormal amount, and emit sharp sounds or flatus, which indicates a dysfunction in the digestive system.

A common cause of gas formation in the intestines is swallowing air during inhalation or with food.

The mechanism of gas formation, provoked by one factor or another, leads to the uncontrolled release of gas in the digestive system. Patients develop:

• pain in the intestines from gases;
• signs of nausea and vomiting;
• flatulence;
• diarrhea;
• intestinal gases composed of air swallowed by a person, mixed with foods, drinks and microorganisms.

As this content accumulates in the intestines, an imbalance is created, the stomach becomes distended and swollen, and serious discomfort. The situation may be aggravated bad habits, smoking, alcohol abuse, improper eating dry or on the run, poor circulation or failure of metabolic processes.

Food begins to move through the gastrointestinal tract with difficulty; swallowed bacteria and viruses lead to gurgling, rumbling, bloating and colic. As a result, feces accumulate due to the inability to quickly exit, and foul-smelling gases begin to pass away.

Types of flatulence

The type of flatulence directly depends on the provoking factors of its development. The main types include:

• circulatory, contributing to impaired blood circulation in the intestinal walls;
• high-altitude, which occurs against the background of exposure to changes in atmospheric pressure;
• degestive - with a lack of secreted bile and food enzymes, leading to disruption of the digestive processes;
• dietary - with the accumulation of microbes involved in the digestion process, and leading to disruption of the microflora;
• microbial - when infected with intestinal, anaerobic, streptococcal bacillus, leading to dysbacteriosis;
• mechanical - increased against the background of the development and reproduction of helminths, leading to bloating, stretching of the walls of the rectum, accumulation of gases and even development, when shapeless petrified feces begin to pass, colic and pain in the lower abdomen are observed;
• nutritional - in case of swallowing air with food;
• dynamic, occurring against the background of decreased peristalsis, the inability to push food masses through the intestines in full, leading to the activation of fermentation processes and, ultimately, the accumulation of gases.

What causes gas in the intestines?

One or a combination of factors provokes gas formation in the intestines.

As a rule, flatulence occurs due to:

• insufficient production of enzymes;
• incomplete breakdown of food;
• production of gas bubbles against the background of the development of enteritis;
• violations of the volume of bifidobacteria and lactobacilli in percentage terms;
• proliferation of anaerobic bacteria, leading to gas pollution, a decrease in the number of contractions in the intestinal walls;
• accumulation of food waste in the body;
• low atmospheric pressure, which leads to severe gas pollution in the abdomen, impaired peristalsis and absorption in the intestines;
• liver diseases, which are no longer able to fully neutralize all emissions in the intestines;
• violations of swallowing functions, when a person swallows gases along with food;
• taking a number of foods that release large amounts of gases during digestion in the stomach - grapes, potatoes, legumes, beans, fresh bread, dairy foods - all this causes fermentation, impaired intestinal absorption, and inability to neutralize the contents by liver cells.

The intestines simply do not have time to empty themselves in a timely manner, which leads to the accumulation of feces, stretching of the walls, swelling, and bloating of the abdomen.

Symptoms

The accumulation of gases in the intestines leads to obvious signs of flatulence, which indicates a violation of intestinal motility and functions and causes unpleasant symptoms:

• bloating;
• belching when the contents are thrown back into the stomach;
• increased gas formation after eating;
• the appearance of sounds in the stomach when mixing products;
• followed by diarrhea in the background permanent accumulation gases in the intestines;
• pain and cramps in the abdomen;
• distension of the intestinal walls, when a distended intestine is diagnosed diagnostically;
• motor impairment;
• general weakness, insomnia, worsening mood, apathy, lethargy.

Risk factors

People at risk of developing gas in the intestines:

• those who abuse smoking, alcohol, carbonated drinks, sweet foods, and baked goods;
• eating improperly, on the run, on dry food;
• not following a diet;
• constantly swallowing air when eating or drinking;
• those who abuse high-carbon foods;
• often taking beans and beans.

In addition, the problem is caused by microorganisms. When they enter first the stomach and then the intestines, they inevitably lead to fermentation processes and gas formation.

Which doctor should I contact if I am worried about gas?

If symptoms begin to appear frequently and disrupt the usual rhythm of life, then it’s time to contact a gastroenterologist, get tested, and undergo diagnostic procedures. It is important to understand that by triggering gas formation and not taking any measures, you can greatly complicate the situation and acquire serious illness and even oncology.

Diagnostics

If one of the symptoms described above appears, do not hesitate to go to the clinic. Of course, such an ailment can be individual in nature and it is enough to establish proper nutrition during gas formation in the intestines, and everything will return to normal.

However, if there is constant gas in the intestines, unpleasant symptoms have become regular, disturb you at night, make you nervous and have already led to shyness to simply appear in public and in society, then in order to avoid the development of serious inflammatory process in the intestines it is necessary to undergo diagnostics.

The specialist will first of all carry out visual inspection mucous membrane of the gastrointestinal tract using an endoscope, by introducing a tube with a camera and a lighting device into the cavity.

• delivery of bacteria that can lead to infection in the intestines;
• biopsy to take tissue samples for study;
• colonoscopy, which is performed by inserting a tube with a camera into the cavity of the large intestine;
• general and biochemical analysis blood;
• carrying out special tests to identify percentage between useful and pathogenic microflora in the intestines, which can lead to severe dysbiosis.

Treatment for bloating

Many people with flatulence are interested in how to treat bloating and how to eliminate increased gas formation in the intestines at home. You can deal with these problems using proper nutrition and lifestyle changes.

If non-drug approaches are not able to radically alleviate the patient’s condition, medications must be used. Choice suitable drug carried out by a doctor who takes into account the causes of bloating.

Diet

Proper nutrition is the main method of combating bloating and this is what you need to try before treating bloating medications. It's no secret that certain products increase the formation of gases in the intestines. Their use leads to a worsening of bloating symptoms.

These products include:

• Beans.
• Cabbage.
• Legumes (peas, soybeans).
• Cauliflower.
• Broccoli.
• Lentils.
• Brussels sprouts.
• Raisin.

When they are consumed, the stomach begins to swell more. Increased gas formation can also be caused by the consumption of insoluble fiber, which is found mainly in whole grain products.

Patients with bloating should try:

• Eat small portions, spreading your meals throughout the day. Instead of three, you can try eating five times a day.
• Eat more slowly, without haste.
• Avoid eating foods that overstimulate the intestines, and avoid fatty and fried foods.
• Drink enough water.
• Limit consumption of coffee and tea.
• Reduce consumption of alcoholic and carbonated drinks.

Scientists have found that in people with bloating, foods containing short-chain carbohydrates (monosaccharides, disaccharides and oligosaccharides) may worsen the condition. These substances are poorly absorbed into small intestine and are quickly fermented by bacteria, releasing large amounts of gases.

Foods rich in short chain carbohydrates:

• Apples.
• Artichoke.
• Artificial sweeteners.
• Beans.
• Cashew nuts.
• Cauliflower.
• Dried fruits.
• Garlic and onion.
• Corn syrup.
• Ice cream.
• Mushrooms.
• Pistachios.
• Watermelon.
• Products made from wheat, barley or rye.

Low chain carbohydrate foods:

• Almond, coconut, rice and soy milk.
• Bananas.
• Blueberry.
• Carrot.
• Cucumbers.
• Grape.
• Oats.
• Potato.
• Spinach, kale and other leafy vegetables.
• Tangerines.
• Tomatoes.

Antifoaming agents

One of the first drugs used to treat flatulence and bloating was the antifoam agent Simethicone, which is a silicone derivative and surfactant. Scientific research has shown that Simethicone, which is active substance a number of drugs, significantly reduces the frequency and severity of symptoms of bloating in patients with irritable bowel syndrome and other functional diseases digestive tract.

Simethicone is an antifoaming agent that reduces the surface tension of gas bubbles, causing them to coalesce into larger bubbles. This allows gas to pass out of the intestines more easily. Simethicone does not reduce or prevent the formation of gases in the digestive tract; it improves its elimination from the intestines.

This drug has been used successfully for many years to treat bloating in adults and children. Side effects from its use in recommended doses are very rare.

Enterosorbents

The most famous enterosorbent is Activated carbon. It is a black powder that has excellent absorption properties and can limit the toxicity of many chemical substances entering the digestive tract. Activated carbon is often used for poisoning.

The drug can absorb not only toxic substances, but also less harmful acids and gases that accumulate in the intestines. They can cause stomach upset and bloating. Pills Activated carbon absorb these gases, thereby reducing the symptoms of flatulence.

Activated carbon and other enterosorbents can absorb beneficial nutrients with the same effectiveness as toxins. Therefore, these drugs should not be taken for the purpose of permanent treatment bloating. It is necessary to carefully follow the doctor’s recommendations regarding the dose and frequency of taking enterosorbents.

Side effects of these medications may include vomiting, abdominal pain, and diarrhea. It is also recommended to take a break of several hours between taking enterosorbents and any other medications.

Treatment with such drugs is most often prescribed for a combination of bloating and diarrhea.

Medicines that affect intestinal motility

They can be divided into two groups:

• enhancing agents (prokinetics);
• agents that weaken motor skills (antispasmodics).

Prokinetics are traditionally used to treat bloating. They increase the frequency and strength of contractions of the intestinal muscles without disturbing their rhythm. Metoclopramide and Domperidone are most often prescribed, but the effectiveness of these drugs for flatulence remains low.

The drugs used for irritable bowel syndrome - Linaclotide and Lubiprostone - are more active. These medications are best used to treat a combination of bloating and constipation, as they are potent.

Antibiotics

Sometimes bloating is caused by an overgrowth of pathological bacteria in the intestines. In such cases, doctors may prescribe treatment with antibiotics, which are not absorbed into the bloodstream from the digestive tract. Rifaximin is most often used in such situations. Studies have shown that taking this drug significantly improves the condition of patients with bloating due to irritable bowel syndrome. Since any antibiotic can cause serious side effects, the course of treatment with them should be as short as possible.

Probiotics

Change normal composition Intestinal microflora can lead to bloating, so many doctors believe that restoring it with probiotics will alleviate the condition of patients with this problem.

Bifidobacteria and lactobacilli are considered the most useful. Most often, patients with bloating are prescribed Linex, Hilak, Enterozermina, Biosporin.

Antispasmodics

If bloating is accompanied by abdominal cramps, antispasmodics may help. Some patients consider these drugs to be the main method of treating cramping pain and bloating, while for others they do not help at all. To these medicines belong to Drotaverine (No-shpa) and Mebevirine.

Herbal preparations

The most famous carminative plant origin are dill seeds. Modern Scientific research, studying the properties of this product, showed that these beneficial features answers high content volatile oils. The substances anethole, fenchol and estragole have antispasmodic and anti-inflammatory properties, due to which they relax the intestinal muscles and allow gases to leave it. Volatile oils are also believed to stimulate excretion and improve digestion.

Examples of preparations based on dill seeds:

• Plantex.
• Dill water.
• Baby Calm.

Traditional methods of treatment

Many people firmly believe in traditional methods treatment. They are often interested in how to cure bloating in the abdomen and intestines at home without the use of medications.

Treatment of bloating in adults folk remedies can be effective, especially with proper nutrition.

The means used include:

• Dill seeds. You can chew a few seeds after each meal or brew tea from 1 teaspoon of seeds and drink 2 times a day.
• Peppermint. Contains menthol oil, which has an antispasmodic effect. You can chew fresh mint leaves or make Mint tea and drink it 2-3 times a day.
• Ginger. Contains several active substances, including carminative compounds that help with bloating. You can brew tea from 5-6 thin pieces of ginger, add a little honey and lemon to it, drink 2-3 times a day.
• Chamomile tea. Has anti-inflammatory and antispasmodic properties.

Treatment of bloating in newborns

The accumulation of gases in the intestines is the main cause of colic in young children. Newborns may swallow air when they eat, suck on a pacifier, or cry.

Treatment and prevention of bloating in newborns includes the following measures:

• Changing the baby's position during feeding. It is necessary that its head is above the level of the stomach. It is important to ensure that when artificial feeding the child did not swallow air from the bottle.
• Burping air is one of the easiest ways to combat bloating in newborns. After feeding, you need to carry the baby upright for several minutes.
• Replacement nipples for feeding. To reduce air swallowing, use nipples with a small hole.
• Massage the tummy, bending the legs towards the stomach.
• Changes in diet. Some parents give their babies fruit juice, which is difficult to digest. You should carefully study the mother's diet if the child is on breastfeeding. Dairy products and caffeine should be excluded from it.

If these tips do not help your child get rid of bloating, your doctor may prescribe medication. The most commonly used are Simethicone and preparations based on dill seeds. In case of lactose intolerance ( milk sugar, which is found in dairy products and formulas artificial nutrition) may require a lactose-free diet or the use of lactase preparations (an enzyme that breaks down lactose).

Prevention

The accumulation of gases in the intestines is directly related to poor nutrition. It’s not for nothing that they say that a man is what he eats. To avoid troubles of this kind, you need to eat foods that help reduce signs of flatulence and do not lead to constipation, gas accumulation, bloating and pain in the abdomen.

To prevent constipation, diarrhea, development infectious diseases And malignant tumor(which forms sooner and later if you abuse harmful products) in the intestines you need:

• get used to eating right;
• avoid snacking on the run and do not eat dry food;
• drink clean water;
• stop drinking alcohol, smoking, carbonated drinks;
• do gymnastics and dose physical activity;
• Avoid eating gas-forming foods;
• It is advisable to eat in small portions and more often - up to 6 times a day;
• Do not swallow food in large pieces; this can lead to swelling of the intestinal walls and infection with viruses and bacteria.

Life is movement, and the human body is what it eats. A diet to avoid the development of flatulence and the accumulation of gases in the intestines is an important component of the entire treatment process.

Most often, the problem of increased gas formation in the intestines can be solved by normalizing nutrition, quitting smoking and excessive alcohol consumption, and including at least minimal physical activity in the daily routine. If all these measures do not bring relief, you should consult a doctor, because increased gas formation can also be a symptom of serious illnesses.