Erysipelas (erysipelas) is an infectious inflammation of the mucous membranes and skin, which is caused by β-hemolytic streptococcus. Accompanied by signs of intoxication, fever, swelling of the affected tissues. When answering the question whether erysipelas is contagious or not, one must take into account the presence of provoking factors. The causative agent of the infection is an opportunistic microorganism that constantly lives on our skin and begins to actively multiply when the body’s immune defense decreases.
Erysipelas is a recurrent infectious pathology caused by group A streptococci. They provoke infectious-allergic reactions with redness of the skin, intoxication, and fever. The incubation period ranges from 3 to 5 days.
Streptococcus pyogenes is a β-hemolytic streptococcus, which is part of natural microflora laryngopharynx, is present on the skin of 80% of people. When immunity decreases, the number of bacteria increases, causing inflammation. Erysipelas is contagious, but it is classified as a disease with moderate contagiousness (infectiousness).
To answer the question of whether erysipelas is contagious or not, the causes of the disease should be considered. Microdamages on the skin become the entry point for infection. Streptococcus enters the body through:
It is dangerous to come into contact with a sick person with reduced immune defense. The inability of the immune system to resist pathogenic bacteria is one of the key reasons infection. The source of infectious infection is streptococcus carriers and patients with any form of erysipelas.
The symptoms of erysipelas are characterized by fever, intoxication and the formation of inflamed areas of pronounced red color on the skin and mucous membrane. Symptoms and signs of erysipelas appear within one day, and the disease typically has a very abrupt onset.Factors that provoke uncontrolled reproduction of Streptococcus pyogenes in the body include:
The infectious infection is 2.5-3 times more often diagnosed in women than in men. This is due to hormonal instability and predisposition to endocrine disorders.
In 45% of cases, erysipelas occurs in people with circulatory disorders and chronic diseases. The risk group includes patients who suffer from:
Infectious disease specialists note a selective predisposition to an infectious disease. Some people often experience relapses of erysipelas due to the formation of unstable immunity. Therefore, the degree of infectiousness largely depends on the body’s reactivity and susceptibility to streptococcal infection.
Bacteria multiply in the lymphatic vessels of the skin. Depending on the immune system, they cause inflammation or latent (hidden) carriage. The contagious disease is also transmitted through contaminated medical instruments and unsterile dressings. In immunodeficiency states, erysipelas is accompanied by a massive release of Streptococcus pyogenes toxins into the bloodstream. Because of this, people with hypovitaminosis and HIV infection often experience toxic-infectious shock.
When diagnosing the disease, patients are faced with a standard question: is erysipelas of the leg contagious or not. Streptococcal infection is transmitted in different ways:
You can become infected with erysipelas from a sick person at home if your immune system is weakened. But streptococcal infection does not always provoke erysipelas. When Streptococcus pyogenes enters the body, it causes various pathologies:
If the patient's lesion is localized on the arm, it is recommended to cover it with a sterile bandage.
People with immunodeficiency have a contagious pathology for a long time is asymptomatic. In the absence of adequate therapy, the content of streptococcal toxins in the blood increases. Because of this, life-threatening complications often arise.
Modern classification provides for the division of a contagious disease into:
Depending on the severity and nature of the symptoms, the following forms of erysipelas are distinguished:
Based on the prevalence of infectious-allergic reactions, 4 types of infectious pathology are distinguished:
Based on the degree of severity, there are mild, moderate and severe forms of erysipelas. In people with immunodeficiency and endocrine disorders the contagious disease is severe. It is often accompanied by lymphadenitis, that is, inflammation of the lymph nodes, and high fever. In the absence of adequate treatment, infectious-toxic shock, gangrenous changes, and sepsis cannot be ruled out.
Erysipelas is accompanied by specific symptoms, so it is not difficult to diagnose. On the first day, signs of general intoxication appear:
Temperature 40°C, vomiting, redness of the skin are typical symptoms of a contagious disease. Already on the second day, a burning sensation, pain, and tissue tension are felt in the infected area. The lesion is clearly separated from healthy tissue by an infiltration roller.
The first signs of erysipelas are the result of the onset of admission to circulatory system toxic substances secreted by streptococcal microorganisms. Toxins have a toxic effect primarily on tissues nerve cells And meninges. Pinpoint hemorrhages are a sign of the erythematous-hemorrhagic form of erysipelas. If blisters appear on the skin, bullous erysipelas is diagnosed. Absolutely all forms of infectious pathology are accompanied by lymphangitis (inflammation lymphatic vessels).
During primary infection, lesions are often localized on the face. In people with immunodeficiencies, the infectious disease manifests itself mainly in the lower and upper limbs. The penetration of streptococci is facilitated by exacerbations of chronic diseases:
Erysipelas is most contagious for people with dermatological diseases, trophic ulcers, and circulatory disorders in the extremities. With timely treatment local manifestations subside within 6-8 days. Patients with bullous erysipelas are treated longer - from 10 to 30 days. Residual symptoms of infectious pathology - pigmentation, peeling, crusts on ulcerations - disappear within a month. They do not pose a danger to others and do not increase the risk of infection.
In most cases, the contagious disease is treated on an outpatient basis. Etiotropic therapy, which is aimed at destroying streptococci, includes various therapeutic measures:
Contagious disease dangerous stagnation of lymph and blood in the limbs. Because of this, the nutrition of the inflamed tissues is disrupted. Hemorrhagic skin lesions are fraught with purulent complications:
In some patients, pneumonia and thrombophlebitis occur against the background of erysipelas. Increasing swelling of the extremities leads to elephantiasis. With severe lymphedema, eczematous rashes, papillomas, and hyperkeratosis form in the affected areas. After bullous-hemorrhagic erysipelas, persistent pigmentation remains on the body in places of ulceration.
When answering the question whether erysipelas of the leg is contagious, one cannot fail to mention the decisive importance immune status. The disease is transmitted only when the body's defenses are reduced.
To prevent recurrences of erysipelas, you should:
It is also necessary to carefully treat any damage to the body - abrasions, burns, scratches, ulcers, cracks, etc. It is microdamages in the epidermis that are the entrance gates for infectious infections. Even if all recommendations are followed, infectious disease specialists advise limiting contact with people during periods of exacerbation of pathology.
Erysipelas is a disease with a low degree of contagiousness. It is transmitted by aerosol, nutritional, sexual and contact routes. A prerequisite for the proliferation of bacteria is a decrease in immunity. If preventive measures are taken, the risk of contracting a streptococcal infection is reduced by 3-5 times.
This disease, which causes a lot of suffering and inconvenience, is classified as infectious. Inflammation often occurs when an infection enters your body from environment. This usually happens with the flow of lymph or blood. As soon as streptococci enter the body, they immediately begin to affect individual areas of the skin. If the source of infection was already in the body and led to the appearance of a lesion on the skin, then such erysipelas has a recurrent nature. This disease is even more difficult to treat and can be more contagious than its milder forms.
Microorganisms often infect the skin to varying degrees. But don’t think that if streptococcus gets into your body, erysipelas will definitely appear. There are good reasons for the development of this disease. First of all, you need to create the necessary conditions for microorganisms. These conditions include:
You should know that erysipelas is very contagious to others, and if you see the first signs of the disease, it is better to stop contacting people and protect the diseased areas with clothing. Considering that you can become infected at work, it is better to be responsible about your own hygiene and cover even minor scratches or wounds on your body. In this case, the likelihood of “catching” streptococci will be significantly reduced.
Determining that you have erysipelas is quite simple; the first symptoms appear quite quickly. However, mild forms of erysipelas and severe forms of this disease. In the first case, the disease may gradually go away on its own, and you will only need prophylaxis with special medications. In the second case, erysipelas can cause complications for the entire body as a whole, causing you a lot of problems.
The easiest to treat is the erythematous form of this disease. Redness appears on the skin, the affected parts of the body begin to ache, and sometimes slight swelling appears. The outbreak of erysipelas always rises above healthy skin and can easily grow throughout the body. The obvious nature of these signs makes it very easy to detect this disease and contact a qualified specialist. A distinctive feature of erysipelas is bright redness and clear boundaries at the edge of the affected area, which resemble saw teeth.
Sometimes, in addition to redness and pronounced boundaries of the disease, detachment of particles or the formation of blisters can be noticed on the affected areas of the skin. A more complex form of erysipelas, erythematous-bullous, has these symptoms. It all starts exactly the same as in classic version of this disease, only on about the third day the skin begins to become covered with blisters containing liquid. Over time, the bubbles begin to burst on their own, and in their place only a crust remains. If you start treatment on time and use the medications prescribed by your doctor, then after the crust peels off, you can see healthy skin underneath. But if treated incorrectly or untimely, you will be left with ulcers or erosions on your legs that heal very poorly.
In some cases, when a patient starts treatment for erysipelas, hemorrhage may occur. It comes directly from the affected areas of the skin. Doctors call this form of development erythematous-hemorrhagic erysipelas. When the disease reaches this form, it means that, most likely, damage to the capillaries in your vessels has begun. Antibodies cannot resist streptococcal antigens, causing painful wounds. It is better not to encounter such a course of the disease, so treatment for erysipelas must be started in a timely manner.
There is even more dangerous form of this disease - bullous-hemorrhagic. In this situation, bubbles begin to appear on the skin, into which exudate gradually leaks - liquid from small blood vessels. The development of this form of erysipelas is accompanied by severe pain and burning in the affected areas of the skin. This causes great discomfort. If treatment is not started, swelling may develop in the leg.
Erysipelas can affect not only the legs, but also other parts of the body, and at any age. The fact is that in an advanced form, the disease begins to actively develop in the body and even causes intoxication. The person begins to feel weakness, chills, muscle pain and even nausea. The temperature often rises and the heartbeat reflexively begins to accelerate. In the most extreme cases of erysipelas, doctors even observe fever and cramps throughout the body. It is better not to let the erysipelas develop into this form, because everything can end in death.
The disease is most often treated in a hospital; You should not start taking a course of medications on your own.
Consult your doctor in advance and he will tell you where to start. At the same time, in the hospital they begin to treat erysipelas if the following signs are observed:
To begin effective treatment, an anamnesis should be collected in advance at the hospital. Doctors need to know what conditions you have previously been treated with antibiotics. Based on this, they will begin to select drugs to which streptococcus will not be resistant and which will prevent the development of erysipelas. It is very important that new drugs do not cause allergies. That is why an examination is carried out immediately. Complications in the body in the form of allergies can only worsen your condition.
Treatment is not limited to just taking antibiotics. Take more ascorbic acid to prevent bleeding at the site of inflammation. It is also recommended to increase your intake of B vitamins, which will help strengthen the nervous system and fiber. If swelling occurs, you must take anti-inflammatory drugs. And when the infection becomes more severe, doctors often begin administering intravenous fluids. It is also worth noting that in case of severe edema, it would be useful to add diuretics to the course of treatment, which will help quickly get rid of severe edema and exudation.
If you encounter more light forms erysipelas, then treatment can be carried out at home. Naturally, drugs should be chosen strictly following the advice of the attending physician. Only after a detailed examination can you run to the pharmacy and purchase the necessary medications. At mild form It simply doesn’t make sense to go to the hospital, since getting rid of such an erysipelas is quite simple. If you do everything correctly, you will probably get rid of the disease completely in a few weeks.
The infection itself is present only in the foci of the disease. However, it can be transmitted through contact, so it is better to stay at home for a few days and treat yourself. If bubbles begin to appear, you will have to open them at the very base. Then release the liquid and wrap the affected area with a bandage soaked in furatsilin or Rivanol. You can use any antiseptics that do not cause you allergies.
Doctors recommend trying baths with potassium permanganate for affected skin areas at home. If bleeding begins, then an application of Dibunol will help you, which will prevent the flow of blood from the affected areas. Physiotherapy is also often used for such diseases. Ultraviolet irradiation of the affected areas and lymph nodes helps. This procedure must be done periodically. Only in this case, after some time, you will notice how your skin condition begins to improve. Fast healing Radon baths will also help. There are many ways to get rid of mild erysipelas at home, you just need to use them.
Some people simply do not pay attention to the affected areas of the skin. They often think that this is not a disease, that the redness will go away on its own. Because of this frivolity and ignorance, erysipelas can cause a lot of complications that can lead to various consequences. Treatment of an advanced form of erysipelas will take you not only a lot of effort, but also money. If treatment was started at the wrong time or not completed, ulcers or erosions may appear. They do not heal for a very long time and require additional therapy.
Necrosis often occurs in places where there were hemorrhages. And where you previously saw swelling, elephantiasis of the skin or disruption of tissue nutrition may appear. It can take a very long time to get rid of such consequences; sometimes even the doctor cannot be sure that the patient’s former beauty of the skin will return. It is worth remembering about damage to the veins that are located on the surface of the body. If erysipelas appears precisely on areas of the skin where veins are visible, then the latter will most likely be damaged.
The body as a whole is affected by this infection no less often than the skin itself. In case of complications, a person may experience sepsis, phlegmon or abscesses. These unpleasant manifestations are accompanied by pain and burning. In older people, with advanced forms of erysipelas, the activity of the heart may be impaired. This also happens when you either did not complete the disease, or started treating erysipelas too late. Unfortunately, even prevention does not guarantee improvement in cardiac function in old age. Sometimes patients with severe erysipelas develop pneumonia and even cholangitis.
In order not to neglect your body and not lead to inflammation, you need to carefully monitor your personal hygiene. If you are injured or cut, it is better to treat the affected areas with an antiseptic. It is necessary to treat all concomitant diseases that appeared before or after the onset of erysipelas. Only complex treatment the whole body will give positive result when getting rid of erysipelas and will keep your skin beautiful and healthy.
Erysipelas or erysipelas of the skin is one of the manifestations of acute general streptococcal infection. This disease manifests itself as a predominant focal lesion of the dermis and underlying subcutaneous fat and occurs against the background of intoxication syndrome. Erysipelas is common mainly in countries with temperate and cold climates; most often, an increase in incidence is observed in the off-season.
Erysipelas - cutaneous infection, caused by β-hemolytic streptococcus of group A. It is also called pyogenic. Moreover, any strain (serovar) of this bacterium is pathogenic for humans and is capable of certain conditions lead to erysipelas.
β-hemolytic streptococcus is a non-motile, spherical gram-negative bacterium that produces a fairly large amount of substances that are toxic to humans. They belong to exotoxins, because their release does not require the death of the pathogen. It is these substances that form the basis of the aggressiveness and pathogenicity of streptococcus and determine the characteristics of the human body’s reaction to the introduction of this pathogen. They have pyrogenic, cyto- and histotoxic, hemolytic, immunosuppressive effects.
β-hemolytic streptococcus is quite resistant to many external physical factors. It withstands freezing and drying well. But an increase in temperature negatively affects his life. This explains the lower prevalence of all forms of streptococcal infection in countries with hot climates.
Penetration of the pathogen occurs by airborne droplets. Less common is contact and household transmission of infection. Entry gates can be microdamages of the mucous membrane and skin, scratches, abrasions, insect bites, opened calluses, wound and postoperative surfaces.
β-hemolytic streptococcus is also the cause of not only erysipelas, but also many other septic conditions. The causative agent of any serovar can lead to the development of various. And this does not depend on the route of entry and the clinical form of streptococcal infection in the patient who became the source of infection. Therefore, erysipelas can develop after contact with a person who suffers from any form of streptococcal infection or is even an asymptomatic carrier.
β-hemolytic streptococcus causes tonsillitis, sinusitis, rheumatism, acute rheumatic fever, scarlet fever (including in the form of ecthyma). Streptococcus is often detected in patients with sepsis, pneumonia, non-epidemic meningitis, myositis, osteomylitis, necrotizing fasciitis, foodborne illness, acute glomerulonephritis, nonspecific urethritis and cystitis. In women, it is the most common cause of postpartum and post-abortion endometritis, and in newborns - omphalitis.
Streptococcus is a fairly common and aggressive pathogen. This leads to a logical question: is erysipelas contagious or not?
A significant number of people in contact with the patient do not become ill. But since erysipelas is one of possible manifestations general streptococcal infection, transmission of the pathogen from a sick person to a healthy person cannot be ruled out. This does not mean that he will definitely develop erysipelas. Other forms of streptococcal infection or transient asymptomatic carriage may occur.
In most cases clinically significant pathology and especially erysipelas developed when a person had a number of certain predisposing factors. In general, patients with erysipelas are considered less infectious.
Erysipelas of the leg
Predisposing factors are:
Erysipelas can occur both in the zone of primary penetration of streptococcus and at a distance from the entrance gate of the infection. In the second case, the hematogenous and lymphogenous routes of spread of the pathogen from the primary inflammatory focus play a key role. Activation of a pathogen that persists for a long time in the thickness of the dermis is also possible, and erysipelas often acquires a recurrent course.
Penetration and subsequent reproduction of β-hemolytic streptococcus leads to a complex of local and general changes. They are caused by direct cell damage, the action of bacterial exotoxins and the inclusion of an immunopathological mechanism. All organs are involved to one degree or another, with the kidneys and cardiovascular system being the most likely secondary targets.
Streptococcal infection is characterized by fairly rapid generalization, which is explained by the peculiarities of the local immune response at the site of introduction of the pathogen and the high activity of the substances it secretes. Therefore, if the immune system is insufficiently responsive, sepsis may develop with the appearance of secondary septic foci.
The activation of the autoimmune mechanism, which is characteristic of infection with β-hemolytic streptococcus, is also of great importance. This is accompanied by insufficient efficiency of natural elimination mechanisms. Under certain conditions, a person who has had any form of streptococcal infection remains sensitized. And the repeated introduction of the pathogen will trigger an active and not entirely adequate immune response. In addition, this can cause the development of secondary diseases with an autoimmune mechanism: glomerulonephritis, myocarditis and a number of others.
Massive entry of exotoxins into the blood contributes to rapid emergence and an increase in general intoxication. This is aggravated by the active release of inflammatory mediators due to the triggering of allergic and autoallergic reactions, because erysipelas usually occurs against the background of already existing sensitization of the body to streptococcal infection.
The introduction of the pathogen, the action of its toxins and the cytotoxic effect of the resulting immune complexes triggers serous inflammation in the reticular layer of the dermis. It occurs with local damage to the walls of the lymphatic and blood capillaries and the development of lymphangitis, microphlebitis, arteritis. This contributes to the formation of a swollen, painful and sharply hyperemic area, clearly demarcated from the surrounding healthy skin.
The serous exudate formed during erysipelas permeates the tissues, accumulates in the intercellular spaces and is capable of exfoliating the skin. This can cause the formation of blisters, the covering of which is the epidermis.
As a result of inflammation and the action of toxins, paresis of blood capillaries occurs and sharp increase their permeability. In this case, red blood cells leave the vascular bed, and the serous exudate can become hemorrhagic. And massive toxic hemolysis of erythrocytes aggravates microcirculation disorders and can cause activation of the blood coagulation system. The formation of blood clots sharply impairs blood supply to the inflamed area, which can lead to tissue necrosis.
Neutrophils migrating to the site of inflammation phagocytose bacteria and die along with them. The progressive accumulation of such destroyed cells, leukocytes and tissues undergoing proteolysis contributes to the transition serous inflammation into purulent. At the same time, secondary immune disorders and decreased barrier function skin contribute to the addition of a secondary infection, which aggravates and complicates the course of the disease.
Involvement of the underlying subcutaneous fatty tissue in the process aggravates disturbances in lymphatic drainage and contributes to the transition of the disease to the phlegmonous form. In this case, the pathogen gains the opportunity to further spread along the fascial sheaths of the limbs.
Erysipelas has several clinical forms. It is classified:
Erysipelas begins acutely, with general nonspecific signs intoxication appears 12-24 hours before local skin changes.
Body temperature rises sharply to febrile levels, which is accompanied by chills, headache, weakness, and palpitations. In some patients, against the background of severe intoxication, oneiric or hallucinatory-delusional syndrome develops. Sometimes already in the prodromal period there are signs of toxic damage to the liver, kidneys, and heart. Excessive drowsiness, nausea with vomiting that does not bring relief are possible. So the initial stage of erysipelas is nonspecific; the patient may mistake its manifestations for flu symptoms.
Local changes are the main symptom of the disease. In the classic course, they are local in nature and clearly demarcated from neighboring areas of the skin. Erythematous erysipelas is characterized by the appearance of sharp, bright hyperemia (erythema) with clearly defined edges and even a small ridge on the periphery. The lesion has uneven jagged boundaries. Sometimes it resembles the outlines of continents on geographical map. Inflamed skin looks dense, swollen, as if stretched and slightly shiny. It is dry and hot to the touch. The patient is worried burning pain, a feeling of tension and sharp hyperesthesia in the area of erysipelas.
Bright redness can be replaced by a bluish-stagnant tint, which is associated with increasing local violations microcirculation. Diapedetic and small hemorrhagic hemorrhages also often appear, which is explained by sweating and rupture of blood vessels.
On days 2-3 of the disease, signs of lymphostasis often appear with the development of lymphedema (dense lymphedema). At the same time, blisters and pustules may appear within the lesion, in which case bullous erysipelas is diagnosed. After opening them, a dense brown crust forms on the surface of the skin.
Resolution of erysipelas occurs gradually. With adequate treatment, the temperature normalizes within 3-5 days. Acute manifestations erythematous form disappear by 8-9 days, and when hemorrhagic syndrome they can be stored for 12-16 days.
Swelling and hyperemia of the skin decreases, its surface begins to itch and peel. In some patients, after the main symptoms disappear, uneven hyperpigmentation and dark, congestive hyperemia are observed, which disappear on their own. But after suffering severe bullous hemorrhagic erysipelas, it can persist for years and even decades.
In clinical practice, erysipelas of the lower leg occurs most often (up to 70% of cases). It occurs in an erythematous or hemorrhagic-bullous form and is accompanied by severe lymphatic edema and secondary thrombophlebitis of the superficial veins of the lower limb. In most cases, erysipelas on the leg develops against the background of varicose veins, less often -.
1. Bullous-hemorrhagic form of erysipelas
2. Erysipelas, lymphostasis and ingrown nails against the background of fungal skin infection
Erysipelas of the hand has a predominantly erythematous form. Almost 80% of cases occur in patients with postoperative lymphostasis that occurred after radical mastectomy for breast cancer. Recurrences of erysipelas on the arm aggravate the condition and lead to an increase in elephantiasis. This further disrupts a woman’s ability to work.
The manifestation of the disease on the face can be primary or secondary. Often its development is preceded by tonsillitis, otitis media, sinusitis, and caries. Erysipelas usually occurs in an erythematous form and is mild or less common. average degree gravity. Sometimes it is combined with streptococcal lesions of the mucous membranes. Erysipelas of the eyelids is accompanied by severe swelling.
The most likely complications of erysipelas include:
The main consequences of erysipelas are persistent hyperpigmentation and elephantiasis.
Since it is possible to treat erysipelas at home (according to modern recommendations of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation) for mild to moderately severe cases of the disease, in most cases it is possible to do without hospitalization of the patient. He is under the supervision of a local therapist and receives the treatment prescribed by him at home. If blisters are present, consultation with a surgeon is required to open and empty large bullae and select local therapy.
Indications for hospitalization are:
In the absence of indications for surgical intervention the patient is hospitalized in infectious diseases department. And when placed in a surgical hospital, he should be in the purulent surgery department.
When treating erysipelas, the shape, location and severity of the disease are taken into account. Important points are also the patient’s age and the presence of concomitant somatic diseases. All this also determines which doctor will treat erysipelas, whether it will be necessary surgical intervention Or it will be possible to get by with conservative methods.
For any form of the disease, complete systemic etiotropic therapy is required. Competent treatment treatment of erysipelas with antibiotics is aimed not only at relieving current symptoms, but also at preventing relapses and complications. After all, the goal of antibiotic therapy is the complete elimination of the pathogen in the body, including its protective L-forms.
β-hemolytic streptococcus retained high sensitivity to penicillin antibiotics. Therefore, they are used as a first-line drug in the treatment of erysipelas. If there are contraindications to penicillins or if it is necessary to use tablet forms, antibiotics of other groups, sulfonamides, furazolidones, and biseptol may be prescribed. A properly selected antibiotic can improve the patient’s condition within the first 24 hours.
In severe cases of the disease, antistreptococcal serum and gamma globulin can be used in addition to antibiotic therapy.
NSAIDs are used as auxiliary agents (with analgesic, antipyretic and anti-inflammatory purposes), antihistamines(for desensitization). In case of severe intoxication, infusions based on glucose or saline are indicated. To treat severe bullous forms and emerging severe lymphostasis, systemic short-term glucocorticosteroid therapy is additionally carried out.
In some cases, measures are taken to activate the immune system. This may be the use of thymus preparations, biostimulants and multivitamins, autohemotherapy, plasma infusions.
Local therapy is also indicated, which can significantly improve the patient’s well-being and reduce the severity of inflammation. In the acute stage, wet dressings with dimexide, furacillin, chlorhexidine, and microcide are used. Thick ointment for erysipelas is not used at this stage, as it can provoke the development of an abscess and phlegmon. It is acceptable to dust the erysipelas with powdered antibacterial agents and enteroseptol, and treat it with antiseptic aerosols.
Treatment of erysipelas with folk remedies cannot act as the main method of fighting infection and cannot replace the one prescribed by a doctor. complex therapy. In addition, when using herbal remedies, there is a risk of increasing the allergic reaction and blood flow in the affected area, which will negatively affect the course of the disease. Sometimes, in consultation with a doctor, irrigation with chamomile infusion and other agents with a mild antiseptic effect is used.
Physiotherapy is widely used: ultraviolet irradiation in erythemal doses, electrophoresis with proteolytic enzymes and potassium iodide, infrared laser therapy, magnetic therapy, lymphopressotherapy.
Prevention of erysipelas includes timely treatment of any foci of chronic infection, dermatitis, foot mycoses and varicose veins, and achieving compensation for diabetes mellitus. It is recommended to observe the rules of personal hygiene, choose comfortable clothes made from natural fabrics, and wear comfortable shoes. When diaper rash or abrasions appear, they must be treated in a timely manner, additionally treating the skin with products with an antiseptic effect.
If you consult a doctor in a timely manner and strictly follow his recommendations, erysipelas can be successfully treated and does not lead to permanent disability.
The spread of erysipelas, infectious skin diseases, firmly ranks among respiratory and intestinal diseases, in particular with viral hepatitis. Up to 200 diagnoses of erysipelas are registered per 10 thousand people per year. All age groups are susceptible to the disease, more often women of retirement age, about 60%. The number of infected people increases in spring and summer. Erysipelas is common on the Eurasian and American continents; in Africa and the South Asian region the disease is very rare.
Erysipelas is spicy inflammatory disease of the skin of an infectious nature, often recurrent, but not highly contagious. Inflammation is accompanied by feverish, intoxicating symptoms and a specific focus of skin lesions.
Long-term recurrent inflammations form the basis of secondary elephantiasis. In elderly people and those suffering from any severe concomitant disease, erysipelas or erysipelas causes many types of complications - sepsis, acute renal failure, pneumonia. In case of skin diseases and diseases of the cardiovascular system, the inflammatory process significantly aggravates their course.
The inflammatory process in erysipelas is caused by beta-hemolytic streptococcus of subgroup “A”, an anaerobe that is resistant to external factors, but susceptible to prolonged heating (up to 60C), disinfection and antibiotics. Lately It has been suggested that the development of the disease occurs with the participation of beta-hemolytic streptococci of subgroups “B”, “C”, “G”. Detection of the source of the causative agent of erysipelas does not occur often, due to the widespread prevalence of streptococcal infections. The main route of transmission of the disease is contact with a patient infected with the infection, or with a healthy carrier of streptococcus. In addition to the contact method, there is a risk of infection through airborne droplets, with infection entering the nasopharynx and subsequent spread to the skin by hands.
Penetration of streptococcus under the skin or into the mucous membrane occurs exogenously, through microcracks, diaper rash and injuries. When affecting the face, the pathogen exploits microdamage to the nasal and auditory canals. Infection of the feet occurs through diaper rash in the interdigital folds and microtrauma of the heels. Having penetrated the dermis, streptococci begin to multiply in the vascular and lymphatic system of the subcutaneous layer. The affected area is formed due to increased sensitivity of the skin to hemolytic streptococcus, and the formation of serous, serous-hemorrhagic inflammatory processes occurs. A significant role in the development of the inflammatory process is played by the release and reactions in sensitive skin with biologically active substances - serotonin, histamine, etc., which are mediators of allergic inflammation.
In the modern clinical classification, erythematous-hemorrhagic, erythematous-bulous, bullous-hemorrhagic and erythematous forms of erysipelas are distinguished. These types of erysipelas differ in the characteristics of the lesions:
The inflammatory process also has different stages of severity - mild, moderate and severe degrees of intoxication. The prevalence of foci of manifestation distinguishes erysipelas:
The multiplicity of the course of erysipelas implies the forms of primary, repeated and recurrent (repeating at any period) forms of the disease.
The main cause of erysipelas is the provocative effect of beta-hemolytic streptococcal infection. Active reproduction of harmful bacteria in the capillaries of the lymphatic system, with the release of toxins into the circulatory system, occurs under certain conditions. The causes of the development of erysipelas in humans are:
The mechanism of erysipelas can be triggered by a sharp weakening of the immune system and being in a constant stressful situation. Research shows that a weakened body reacts inadequately to the penetration of streptococcal infection, and an imbalance of immune cells occurs. Weak immunity contributes to the attraction of other types of dangerous microorganisms to the course of inflammation, which is complicated by severe purulent processes and difficulties in treating the disease.
The symptoms of erysipelas are characterized by fever, intoxication and the formation of inflamed areas of pronounced red color on the skin and mucous membrane. Symptoms and signs of erysipelas appear within one day, and the disease typically has a very abrupt onset.
The inflammatory process during erysipelas occurs quickly and acutely; the patient indicates the exact time of the appearance of the first signs of erysipelas. There is deterioration general well-being, a jump in temperature to 40C, accompanied by severe chills, weakness, dizziness with nausea and possible vomiting at the peak of the fever. Severe pain in muscles and joints (aches) appears, which can cause seizures. Mild delirium and confusion are possible. The first signs of erysipelas are the result of the onset of toxic substances secreted by streptococcal microorganisms entering the circulatory system. Toxins have a toxic effect primarily on the tissues of nerve cells and meninges.
Following the first signs of the disease, within a day there is a noticeable growth of the lymph nodes located near the zone of infection. In the area of the lesion, in addition to burning and itching, pain, redness and a feeling of heat appear. There is a sharp, visually noticeable increase in the size of the infected area. The classic form of erysipelas is characterized by a spot on the skin of a bright red hue with an uneven edge of the lesion, but a clear border with intact areas of the skin. Sometimes the pattern of the edge of erysipelas resembles the flame of a fire, the inflamed part is noticeably higher than the level of healthy skin. Light pressure on the erysipelas causes pain, and an increased temperature is felt at the affected area. On the surface of the affected area, blood blisters appear, containing a transparent or purulent filling, and minor hemorrhages may appear.
The main localization of erysipelas occurs in the area of the nasal folds, cheeks, corners of the mouth and around the auricle. These lesions are characterized by noticeable pain and severe swelling. Symptoms of erysipelas also appear under the scalp. Also often the place of formation of foci of the disease is Bottom part legs, much less often erysipelas spots appear in other areas. This type The disease, even with appropriate treatment, is characterized by prolonged fever for at least a week, the inflammatory process on the skin lasts from 15 to 20 days. After complete healing Recurrence of erysipelas may occur within 2 years. At recurrent illness There is no fever, the diagnosis is made on the basis of the appearance of slight swelling and redness of the skin.
The appearance of the first symptoms of erysipelas on the skin is a mandatory reason to consult a dermatologist. In order not to make a mistake in diagnosing erysipelas, the doctor may advise the patient to visit another specialist - a surgeon, infectious disease specialist and immunologist. For correct setting diagnosis and prescription effective treatment the doctor is obliged to exclude other diseases with similar symptoms (any type of abscess, phlegmon and thrombophlebitis).
Appointment required general analysis blood, the indicators of which will help identify the presence of erysipelas:
In addition to a general blood test, bacteriological testing is sometimes prescribed to diagnose erysipelas in the laboratory. This analysis helps determine the specific causative agent of the disease and its sensitivity to antibiotics. In practice, the results of bacteriological examination provide little information: detection of the pathogen is rare (20–25%) and streptococci are very susceptible to most antibiotics. Analysis of the woven material of the inflammatory focus is done mainly when difficulties arise in making a diagnosis.
The occurrence of complications after erysipelas is no more than 8% and usually occurs near the lesion. The inclusion of additional infection in the process can cause possible complications in the form of abscesses, ulcers, thrombophlebitis and lymphangitis. Data treatment concomitant diseases practiced in hospitals, in purulent surgery departments.
The development of systemic complications of erysipelas occurs even less frequently, usually in people with a significantly weakened immune system. To the most dangerous conditions refers to sepsis (as a consequence of gangrene - another complication of erysipelas). The occurrence of this disease is a consequence of improper therapy and untimely consultation with a doctor. The formation of infectious-toxic shock, pulmonary embolism and other serious diseases is possible; such situations require urgent hospitalization and active therapy in the intensive care unit.
The process of treating the inflammatory process includes complex therapy and is carried out in accordance with the severity of the disease, the characteristics of the lesions and the presence possible complications. The diagnosis of primary erysipelas without complications does not require surgical intervention; therapy is outpatient, in an infectious diseases clinic. Standards for the treatment of erysipelas include mandatory hospitalization in the surgical department of a patient with hemorrhagic or bullous form of erysipelas. Patients with erysipelas on the face who have purulent complications and necrosis of skin tissue.
The course of treatment for erysipelas includes the use of etiotropic, detoxification, desensitizing and symptomatic therapy. The treatment strategy for erysipelas consists of:
The basis of treatment for erysipelas is taking antibiotic drugs due to the infectious nature of the disease. The complex of drug therapy includes the use of drugs with antibacterial and antihistamine properties to combat allergic reactions. To increase immunity, the patient should take a course of vitamin and mineral complexes within a month.
In the hospital, patients receive more extensive treatment using intravenous therapy, cardiovascular, diuretic and antipyretic drugs.
With erymatous form of erysipelas and mild flow For diseases, a course of antibiotics is usually prescribed in tablets: doxycycline, erythromycin, ciprofloxacin and other types. The course of taking tablets when treating with antibiotics ranges from 5 days to a week; in case of an allergic reaction to these drugs, they are replaced with “furazolidone” or “delagil”, the use of which is recommended for 10 days.
In case of moderate erymatous-hemorrhagic form of erysipelas, parenteral administration of antibiotics is prescribed. Combining penicillin (“amoxiclav”) and sulfonamide (“sulfadiazine”, “sulfalene”) drugs gives best effect, an alternative option is the use of ceftriaxone. The course of taking the medication ranges from 10 days to two weeks. Multiplicity and daily dosage The drug is prescribed by a doctor, depending on the age and weight of the patient, the severity of the disease and concomitant medical history.
For pain relief in erysipelas, non-hormonal anti-inflammatory drugs are used. Preference is given to using Nise (nimesulide) and meloxicam; these drugs have minimal side effects. Alternative option is the use of “diclofenac”, “ibuprofen”, “ketorol”. These drugs are used in combination with omeprazole, rabeprazole, etc. to reduce the negative effect on the stomach.
With stimulating and immunocorrective therapy, in the relapse period, the use of “methyluracil”, “sodium nucleinate”, “pentoxyl” is indicated. The use of “levamisole” and “prodigiosan” is practiced only in hospital settings.
Any form of skin disease involves local therapy, erysipelas is no exception. Erysipelas ointments help remove painful sensations, arising in the affected areas, inhibit the bacterial population and reduce the sensation of itching. For erysipelas of the legs, the use of erythromycin and tetracycline ointments is indispensable. The drug is applied to the site of inflammation up to 3 times a day, provided there are no allergic reactions to the constituent components.
The use of naftalan ointment for erysipelas has a number of limitations. The use of the drug is possible only in consultation with the attending physician. The presence of naphthenic hydrocarbons, as the main active components, gives the ointment a specific odor. The skin on the affected area is treated with a furatsilin solution, then, slightly warmed (38C), a thin layer of ointment is applied. A bandage is applied to the treated area and kept in place for 20-25 minutes. This procedure is carried out once a day for 20 days.
The use of any ointment for erysipelas is possible only in primary forms and in the absence of damage and purulent inflammation of the skin.
In cases of recurrent erysipelas, physiotherapy procedures are prescribed. Treatment is aimed at suppressing the inflammatory process, detoxification and activation of the lymphatic drainage process. When diagnosed with elephantiasis, physiotherapeutic procedures are used to enhance metabolic processes in connective tissues. To stop the inflammatory process, the following procedures are prescribed:
To normalize processes in connective tissue, the following is prescribed:
To improve lymphatic drainage, the following procedures are used:
For detoxification, drinking plenty of alkaline mineral water is prescribed.
Combining drug therapy prescribed by a doctor with treatment with traditional and in unconventional ways gives a more tangible positive result - the feeling of itching and burning, pain and swelling is relieved faster. Treatment of erysipelas at home using traditional medicine methods is quite effective for mild primary erysipelas. To speed up the healing process, you must follow the rules of a healthy diet.
When the first signs of infection appear, the patient should adhere to strict diet, consumption of water, orange and lemon juices is allowed. You need to follow this diet for 1–2 days. After a couple of days, it is recommended to include fresh fruits in the menu - pears, apples, apricots, peaches. These fruits successfully cope with the removal of harmful toxins and help in healing wounds. Fresh milk, which has bactericidal properties, is very useful.
The use of beekeeping products in the diet - honey and propolis, which have antibacterial properties, will have a positive effect on the health of a patient with erysipelas. In addition, these products contain vitamins and carbohydrates.
It is imperative to consume foods containing potassium and calcium; the property of these microelements is to remove excess fluid and reduce swelling. A large amount of these substances is found in dairy products: cottage cheese, cream, varieties of hard cheese. It wouldn’t hurt to include it in your diet oatmeal, seaweed, peanuts and walnuts.
For a balanced diet, it is necessary to include foods containing fats, proteins and carbohydrates in the menu. Lean meat, vegetable oils, fish and cereal dishes are mandatory components of the patient’s diet.
Eating fatty, salty and spicy foods is unacceptable. Not recommended are bread, cabbage and fermented milk products, as well as strong tea and coffee. Consumption of alcohol and cigarettes is strictly prohibited.
Special compresses using folk remedies effectively help with erysipelas. Using red and black elderberry, a well-known remedy for compresses is prepared: small twigs and leaves of the plant are crushed, poured with water (to cover slightly) and boiled slowly for 15 minutes. Then leave to infuse for 2 hours. At this time, take half a glass of unwashed millet and one egg white, mix and pound until smooth. After infusing the elderberry, the crushed mass is placed on the site of inflammation and wrapped in a cloth soaked in the decoction; a bandage can be used for fixation. The product is used at night. After removing the compress in the morning, the affected area is tied with a cloth soaked in a decoction prepared in the evening. They claim that three procedures are enough for a complete cure.
Using the roots, leaves and stems of juniper, you can prepare another decoction for a compress: crushed plant in the amount of 2 tbsp. spoons are poured into 500 ml of water and allowed to boil for five minutes. Cool, filter and make a bandage from soft cloth soaked in the broth. The compress is applied 4-5 times a day and kept until completely dry.
Finds application for compresses for erysipelas raw potatoes: 2 – 3 potatoes are grated on a fine grater and applied in a thick layer to the affected area. The product is kept for two hours, after which the bandage is replaced.
Ordinary chalk will help relieve inflammation on the legs in a short time. Take chalk powder (without dirty impurities) and sprinkle it on the affected area. Wrap a clean cloth over the top and secure with a terry towel. The procedure is carried out before bedtime. In the morning, there is a decrease in temperature and a decrease in swelling; the inflamed area does not have a pronounced bright color.
A proven folk remedy for erysipelas is a bandage made of red material: take a little honey, a piece of fabric (preferably red silk), finely chop the material and mix with honey. Then spread it into three equal parts and apply a bandage with the mixture to the affected area an hour before sunrise. The procedure is performed daily until complete recovery. Official medicine is a little shocked by this recipe, but practice confirms its effectiveness.
There is no special prevention for erysipelas. The disease can be prevented by following personal hygiene rules. Preventive measures include:
Prevention of recurrent inflammation includes an annual course of intramuscular administration of the antibacterial drug "bicillin", the dose and frequency of injections is calculated by the doctor, taking into account the frequency and severity of the relapse.
Streptococcal infection can enter the body different ways. Inflammatory processes of the skin are caused by the introduction of this microorganism into various layers of the epidermis.
The entry of streptococcus into the body is facilitated by the presence of damage to the skin - scratches, cuts, insect bites and other minor or significant wounds.
The development of erysipelas of the skin is also facilitated by the presence of an old streptococcal infection in the body (chronic tonsillitis, caries). From the main location, bacteria can quickly spread throughout the body through the bloodstream and cause various complications in its various systems, including the dermis.
The main obstacle to the spread of infection is immunity, but if the body’s defenses are weakened for any reason, there is a high probability of developing diseases such as erysipelas, glomerulonephritis, pharyngitis, tonsillitis, etc.
Damage to the skin can lead to infection
The main culprit of erysipelas on the leg is streptococcal infection. Most often, its causative agent, streptococcus, enters the body through such “gates” as:
The causative agent of the disease, the bacterium streptococcus, cannot provoke the development of the disease in healthy skin cells. For this, the reasons must be some provoking factors: skin damage (scratches, abrasions, diaper rash, etc.
); injury; the effect of sudden temperature changes on the skin; stress; exposure to sunlight.
Depending on the nature of the lesion, erysipelas occurs in the form of:
Forms of erysipelas of the legs are classified according to the nature of local changes.
People with diabetes mellitus, varicose veins, thrombophlebitis, fungal foot infections, obesity, and alcoholism are at risk.
The initial stage of this disease is characterized by
the presence of high fever, chills, muscle and head pain. Erysipelas
inflammations on the skin do not appear immediately, but only after a few hours, and sometimes
and days. Additional symptoms in some cases there is vomiting, general malaise
and seizures. The inflammation itself is also accompanied by itching and swelling. By
the nature of the caused local changes on the skin or mucous membrane, erysipelas
are divided into four types:
At the site where streptococcus invades, the skin becomes inflamed, red, painful, and sometimes swollen. Depending on the development of the disease, the inflammatory process can spread to large areas of the skin. The patient is also characterized by general symptoms intoxication:
The incubation period of the erysipelas inflammatory process ranges from several hours to 3–4 days. Doctors classify pathology as follows:
After the incubation period, the patient develops symptoms of erysipelas on the leg, including general weakness, weakness and malaise. After this, the temperature suddenly rises, and chills and headache appear.
The first few hours of erysipelas are characterized by a very high temperature, which can reach forty degrees. Also present muscle pain in the legs and lower back, the person’s joints hurt.
A characteristic feature inflammatory process, is the bright red color of the affected areas, similar to flames. Clearly defined edges have elevations along the periphery - the so-called inflammatory shaft.
A more complex form is erythematous-bullous. In this case, on the first or third day of the disease, bubbles form with clear liquid at the site of the disease.
They burst, forming crusts. Favorable treatment leads to healing and the formation of young skin after it falls off.
Otherwise, ulcers or erosions may form.
Signs of a cold or flu in combination with skin rashes are symptoms of the disease
The main manifestations of this infection are redness and swelling of a certain area of the skin. The disease is accompanied by high fever and intoxication. Most often, erysipelas are found on the leg, arm and face, less often on the torso and in the genital area.
Symptoms of erysipelas are usually similar to those common cold or the flu.
The disease begins with chills, headache, general weakness, and muscle pain. In some cases, there may be vomiting, nausea, tachycardia and fever up to 39–40°C. Within 24 hours, redness and swelling appear on the affected area of the skin.
Based on the nature of the manifestations, several forms of erysipelas are distinguished:
According to the severity of the disease, three forms are distinguished:
For most people, the symptoms of erysipelas on the leg are accompanied by pain in the legs, lower back and joints. In addition, before the appearance of erythema on the lower extremities, a feeling of burning and bloating appears. All this depends on the form and severity of the disease.
Erysipelas has a fairly long incubation period - about 10 days. After this time, symptoms begin to manifest themselves. As a rule, at the first stage a person feels signs of general malaise:
No later than a day later these symptoms general are added local signs: a burning sensation, pain, tension is felt in the infected area, it begins to redden and swell.
Further signs of erysipelas depend on the specific form of the disease.
The symptoms of erysipelas, although quite characteristic, can sometimes confuse the doctor, which can lead to an erroneous diagnosis. Nevertheless, knowledge of them allows us to accurately determine what the patient is suffering from.
The main diagnosis is established after examination by a doctor and in the presence of all the symptoms characteristic of erysipelas. To exclude the presence of another disease, a series of laboratory tests and a consultation with a dermatologist are prescribed as a diagnosis.
The blood test results will show elevated basic ESR indicators and leukocytes, indicating the presence of a bacterial infection. There are no special tests to determine erysipelas.
The prognosis for this disease is quite favorable, especially if the disease is not severe. Timely and correctly prescribed treatment gives very good results.
Erysipelas in severe form is more difficult to treat, with associated complications and elephantiasis. Also, quite long-term treatment is required for elderly people, people who have digestive disorders, impaired outflow venous blood and lymph, as well as with immunodeficiency.
When a relapse occurs, treatment is carried out only in a hospital setting
The doctor must prescribe treatment for erysipelas on the leg, taking into account the characteristics of the disease, the presence of complications, its nature and form. Indications for treatment in a hospital setting are: severe erysipelas, childhood or old age, frequent relapses and the presence of severe concomitant diseases.
As for medications, their main goal is to destroy the bacterial infection of streptococcus. If treatment is carried out at home, antibiotic tablets are prescribed.
They have proven their effectiveness in treating erysipelas on the leg. the following drugs: doxycycline, erythromycin, spiramycin, azithromycin, oletethrin, rifampicin and others.
If a particular antibiotic is not tolerated by the body, delagil and fluconazole may be prescribed.
If severe complications develop, such as phlegmon and abscess, it is imperative that the sick person is hospitalized. To treat such severe manifestations of the disease, the drug benzylpenicillin is mainly prescribed, which must be taken for 10 days.
This medicine is sometimes used in combination with gentamicin. It is mandatory to take a course of vitamins for four weeks.
If the form of erysipelas is severe, then glucose solution, saline solution, and hemodez are administered intravenously. To relieve other symptoms - antipyretic, diuretic and cardiovascular medications.
To combat a fever, drink plenty of warm fluids. Anti-inflammatory drugs are necessary if the skin inflammation is very severe (chlotazol and butadione).
Once a relapse occurs, treatment is carried out only in a hospital setting. A course of antibacterial therapy lasting up to ten days and antibiotics that were not prescribed during previous treatment are prescribed.
First, a course of cephalosporins is administered, which lasts from 7 to 10 days. After a break for a week - a course of lincomycin.
The immune system must be restored. For this purpose, it is necessary to take medications such as sodium nucleinate, methyluracil and others.
Local therapy is prescribed in the presence of large surfaces of the skin with ruptured blisters. When wounds appear (bullous form of erysipelas), it is necessary to apply bandages with antiseptic agents.
Ointments are practically not used to treat erysipelas on the leg, as they can further irritate the skin and interfere with healing. To speed up the process of skin restoration, one of the methods of physiotherapy is prescribed - paraffin baths, UHF or ultraviolet radiation.
If you have at least a few symptoms of erysipelas of the skin, you need to visit a specialist - a dermatologist. If the disease is severe, treatment is carried out in a hospital setting.
Seeing a doctor is mandatory if the illness is accompanied by high fever and complications. Erysipelas is most dangerous for children and the elderly, people suffering allergic diseases, heart failure, varicose veins, thrombophlebitis, diabetes mellitus, diagnosed with HIV.
Streptococcus is resistant to many types of antibiotics, this infection responds well to treatment with drugs from the group of macrolides (Erythromycin) and penicillins. The course of treatment lasts at least 7 days. If the patient is allergic, Penicillin can be replaced with Nitrofural.
In case of a complicated form of erysipelas, the course of treatment with an antibiotic can last from two weeks or more, depending on the severity of the symptoms. Preferably intravenous infusion of the drug.
To eliminate the main symptoms of the disease, anti-inflammatory drugs, diuretics, ascorbic acid. Good results in the treatment of erysipelas on the lower extremities are achieved by ultraviolet irradiation and electrophoresis.
If we are talking about mild severity, then treatment at home is quite enough. But in severe and advanced cases, hospitalization in the surgical department cannot be avoided.
The most effective treatment for erysipelas on the leg necessarily includes the prescription of antibiotics. To maximize their effect, the doctor must first find out the most effective of them in each specific case. For this purpose, an anamnesis must be collected.
In the vast majority of cases, the following drugs are used:
In addition to antibiotics, drug treatment includes other prescriptions.
Also, cryotherapy and physiotherapy are indicated for a patient with erysipelas: local ultraviolet irradiation (UVR), exposure to current high frequency(UHF), exposure to weak electric current discharges, laser therapy in the infrared light range.
The main method of treating the disease using traditional methods is penicillin therapy.
The most important element in the treatment of erysipelas is rational antibiotic therapy. Drugs are prescribed that specifically act on hemolytic streptococcus. These include Erythromycin, Azithromycin, Doxycycline, Biseptol, and cephalosporin drugs. When treating uncomplicated or mild forms of erysipelas, patients are prescribed tablet forms of medications.
In case of complications or severe course of the disease, the patient is hospitalized. In this case, go to injection forms antibacterial agents- “Lincomycin”, “Benzylpenicillin”, cephalosporin antibiotics.
To reduce pain and the intensity of inflammation, a drug such as Indomethacin is used.
.
Topical treatment is used only if blisters are present. When they are opened, bandages with antiseptics that do not have an irritating effect are applied to these places. Usually these are “Furacilin”, “Rivanol”, “Vinilin”.
Due to the fact that the main link in the mechanism of development of erysipelas is individual predisposition, it is impossible to develop a vaccine against erysipelas. Prevention of the disease consists of timely treatment of all chronic infectious diseases - sore throats, pharyngitis, bronchitis, dental caries.
It is also important to fight fungal diseases of the feet, venous insufficiency of the lower extremities, and maintain personal hygiene.
.
When treating the disease, the temperature is first reduced with antipyretic drugs. Next, a course of antibiotics is prescribed, to which the causative agent of the disease is sensitive.
Penicillin-type drugs are commonly used in large doses within a week and a half. For recurrent inflammation, antibiotic therapy is supplemented with: hormonal drugs, for example, prednisolone.
Local treatment of the lesion is carried out with antiseptic solutions and ointments.
.
At the same time, vitamins, biostimulants and drugs that enhance immunity are prescribed; if necessary, agents are prescribed that reduce the permeability of small vessels.
Physiotherapy, cryotherapy, local ultraviolet irradiation, exposure to high-frequency current and infrared laser therapy may also be prescribed.
Treatment of the disease does not cause any particular difficulties if it is not advanced and has not become severe.
.
Erysipelas is a serious infectious disease
a disease that can also be transmitted through airborne droplets. But if you
become infected with the causative agent of erysipelas, it is not at all necessary that you have
the inflammation itself will begin. Genetics plays an important role here, the accompanying
diseases and provoking factors (abrasions, scratches, stress,
hypothermia, overheating, sunburn and bruises).
Red elderberry infusion will help get rid of skin inflammation
Treatment of erysipelas with folk remedies is very diverse. Let's look at several folk remedies that can be used to cure erysipelas on the leg. Choose those that are well tolerated by your body.
Avoiding infection in wounds is one of the ways to prevent the disease
To protect yourself from erysipelas and its recurrences, you need to follow a few simple tips. They are recommended for those who have a predisposition to the disease.
General measures to prevent erysipelas include following the necessary rules of antiseptics and asepsis when treating wounds, scratches and abrasions on the skin. Correct treatment for various streptococcal infections.
If relapses occur, you must undergo regular examination by a doctor for two years. Beware of sudden changes in temperature and avoid hypothermia.
When fungal disease It is necessary to carry out its treatment on the feet. For those patients who experience frequent relapses of this disease, slow-acting antibiotics are prescribed, which prevent the development of streptococcal infection in the body.
In some cases, such medications must be taken for one year.
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