Causes of mouth asymmetry. Asymmetry: normal or pathological? How Facebook building can help make your face more symmetrical

Almost every person has slight facial asymmetry. This phenomenon implies a slight difference in the size of the elements on the left and right side faces. Usually such a discrepancy is imperceptible, but there are cases when the asymmetry is too pronounced and causes quite serious inconvenience to a person.

Types of facial asymmetry in an adult

According to experts, the normal physiological deviation in the difference between the right and left sides of the face is 3 mm or 5 degrees. On the left, an adult’s face is more elongated, with smoothed features, and on the right, it is a little sharper and wider. Pathological condition - striking differences in proportions when moving the facial muscles or at rest.

The problem is especially common when the asymmetry is caused by a crossbite. Asymmetry can be acquired (the result of previous infections or mechanical damage) or congenital, due to abnormalities genetic nature. In addition, right-sided and left-sided lesions are distinguished.

Types of pronounced deviations:

• drooping corner of the lips;
• dilatation of the eye on the affected side;
• inability to wrinkle your nose, close an eye or raise an eyebrow (impaired facial expressions);
• smoothing out folds on the lips and forehead;
• the affected side looks like a mask;
• a specific appearance of one of the facial halves (suffering expression).

When the facial nerve is damaged, severe asymmetry occurs. The pathology can appear at any age. However, it may be accompanied by discomfort or pain.

Facial asymmetry in a child

In young children under 1 year of age, in most cases, asymmetry of the natural type is diagnosed. The baby is often in the same position, which is why a slight deviation occurs. Additionally, in newborns, asymmetry may result from incorrect formation jaw joint or lower jaw when it develops in the womb. The difference between the parts of the face is almost invisible. Pathological deviations are most common in preschool children.

This may be a consequence of neurological pathologies, crossbite, trauma, or incomplete dentition. Most often, the acquired problem occurs due to abnormalities such as torticollis, infections, and neuropathy of the facial nerve. It is important to pay attention to alarming symptoms, since in the absence of treatment the development of dangerous complications: convulsive twitching of the facial muscles, constant tension, etc.

Causes of facial asymmetry

All causes of pathology in people of different ages are divided into acquired and congenital. How a person developed this deviation depends on its treatment and degree of development.

Congenital causes

There are not so many factors due to which a person has an asymmetrical face from birth compared to those acquired during life.

The main ones:

• anomalies connective tissue;
• Not correct formation joints and structure of cranial bones;
• too slow jaw development;
• muscle tissue defects.

Typically, these disorders are associated with a genetic predisposition or are the result of developmental abnormalities during pregnancy.

Acquired pathology

Causes of facial asymmetry acquired during life usually include diseases and injuries that affect nerves and muscles. Complications can arise after wearing braces, suffering from paralysis or a stroke.

Distributed following reasons asymmetry:

• cyst, tumor on the face;
• incorrect injection into the deep layers of the epidermis (for example, Botox), lifting and other beauty procedures;
• pinching of the facial nerve or its inflammation;
• tissue pathologies;
• all kinds of bite problems (crossbite, medial, etc.);
• strabismus and other ophthalmological severe diseases.

In addition, complete removal of teeth from a certain side of the face can also lead to the development of an undesirable phenomenon. Often an incorrect lifestyle leads to the occurrence of a deviation. This may be the abuse of chewing gum, the habit of sleeping in the same side position, chewing food with only one part of the jaw.

Treatment of the deviation depends on the type of problem and its degree of development. Correction may consist of physiotherapeutic and cosmetic procedures, but in difficult cases only plastic surgery will help. Radical techniques involve correction of the bones of the face and jaw.

In any case, only an experienced specialist can prescribe treatment. You should contact an ophthalmologist, dentist, neurologist or surgeon who deals with defects of the face and jaw.

Cosmetology procedures

The main cosmetic procedure, which helps not to hide, but to eliminate facial asymmetry, is the introduction of fillers with hyaluronic acid. It is quite safe and effective. Softlifting has good results, during which the tissues are exposed to less risk of injury. The success of cosmetic procedures lies in the cessation of susceptibility to nerve impulses and muscle contractions and their relaxation.

Massage

Muscle tissue massage is more effective if it is carried out using special devices. This procedure, myostimulation, helps build muscle mass and change its shape in a certain area. The electrical signal sent by the equipment forces the muscles to work simultaneously and more intensely, as a result of which the deviation is smoothed out.

Gymnastics

General strengthening exercises for the face that have a positive effect on the muscles are called face building. They also help tighten the skin, increase its elasticity and get rid of a double chin. There are other exercises that can help combat an asymmetrical face shape.

Special facial gymnastics and general strengthening exercises can be performed at home. In most cases, training is enough to get rid of the problem. The main thing is regularity and perseverance.

Surgical intervention

You can completely eliminate pronounced asymmetry by using the services of a plastic surgeon. Rhinoplasty allows you to correct the shape of the nose, lifting allows you to tighten the skin (at the same time aligning the contours), blepharoplasty allows you to remove skin, change the shape of the eyelids and eyes. Reconstructive surgery is one of the most effective methods if the patient has severe asymmetry.

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What is considered pathological asymmetry?

A slight discrepancy between the right and left halves of the face is present in everyone. The differences are so insignificant that you can only notice them if you look closely. The right eye may be slightly wider than the left, one ear is slightly higher than the other. Have you noticed it yourself?

If the difference is less than 2 mm (or 3 degrees), then this is not a pathology and does not require correction. This is how our face scores points in the personality column.

Eat interesting test to determine how different the left and right halves of our appearance are. I experimented on myself: the result is amazing.

You need to take a photo looking directly into the lens under conditions of uniform lighting. We upload the photo into a graphics editor. Use a vertical line to divide the face in half, making two images.

And in each we make a mirror image for the half, thus obtaining a whole oval of the face. I didn't recognize myself!

But it never occurred to me before that I had slight asymmetry. I agree with the easy one

I won’t show my results, but look at the photo of Canadian actor Ryan Reynolds. Isn't it like it's like three different people? But handsome Brad Pitt (pictured above) is almost symmetrical.

But, alas, sometimes the facial features on the left and right are too different. And they become the reason for dislike of appearance. This means there is a need to work on yourself. Fortunately, you can almost always find a way out.

What facial asymmetry can gymnastics overcome?

Let's look at the reasons for this phenomenon. Traditionally they are divided into 2 parts.

1. Congenital

If the jaw bones, skull, facial joints, connective or muscle tissue develop incorrectly, this leads to distortion of facial features.

If the distortion is small, hairstyle and makeup for a woman, beard and mustache for a man will help make it invisible.

In other cases, correction in the form of surgery will most likely be required. Modern plastic surgery works wonders and can fix almost anything.

2. Purchased

Here, the source of asymmetry in an adult or child can be injury, improper “ownership” of one or another part of the face, or illness. Most often this is:

• the result of severe strabismus;
• inflammation of the facial nerve, which can occur from walking without a hat in winter, from a draft in summer, or even from stress;
• clamp nerve fiber, for example, due to a stroke - and it must be said that today it can happen not only to an old person, but even to a teenager;
• dental problems, when the entire row of teeth in the jaw is missing, or an incorrect bite has developed;
• fractures of the jaw and other facial bones, their improper fusion;
• torticollis in children;
• incorrect habits and facial expressions, when a person chews exclusively on one side or always sleeps in the same position, or regularly squints with one eye.

What to do if a stroke or nerve inflammation has caused part of the face to lose sensation and a clearly visible curvature?

– First of all, we go to the doctors to accurately determine the cause and agree on treatment.

You should consult with the following specialists:

• dentist;
• orthodontist;
• ophthalmologist;
• maxillofacial surgeon;
• neuropathologist.

If surgical correction of the pathology is not prescribed, massage and special facial exercises will most likely be indicated, which I want to tell you about in as much detail as possible in this article.

Gymnastics against facial asymmetry

Exercises are general strengthening exercises that have a beneficial effect on the skin and muscles, promote rejuvenation, and fight wrinkles and a double chin. But there is also special facial gymnastics against asymmetry.

In any case, you can make them at home. The first gymnastics is like exercise, 1-2 times a day. The second - depending on the condition. In principle, the more often the better, targeting problem areas.

A set of general strengthening exercises

1. Palms on the forehead, raise and lower the eyebrows, as if we were very surprised, 10 times.
2. We tense our eyelids, opening our eyes as wide as possible for 3 seconds, then relax. Repeat 10 times.


3. We inflate our cheeks, and then exhale sharply, making them hollow, 10 times.
4. We alternately inflate one or the other cheek 10 times.
5. We stretch our lips into a very wide smile, exposing our teeth. Then we collect it into a tube. Repeat 10 times.
6. Move the jaw forward 10 times.
7. Move your jaw left and right 10 times.
8. Open and close your mouth 10 times.
9. We close the upper lip with the lower lip, pulling the lower one up as much as possible. We feel the tension of the skin under the chin. Repeat 10 times.
10. Move your chin forward and tense your neck muscles. Repeat 10 times.

A set of exercises against asymmetry

1. For the affected side, repeat each exercise 20 times. For another - 10 times.
2. We close our eyes tightly, then relax.
3. Putting your fingers on your eyebrows at your temple, make an “up and down” motion with your eyes.
4. We frown - slowly, with serious effort.
5. We stretch the eyebrows up to the limit, at the same time raising the eyelids.
6. Place your fingers on the wings of your nose and draw in air through resistance.
7. Having closed our lips, we stretch them into a thin thread, pronouncing “I”.
8. We alternately smile with the left and then the right half of our lips.
9. We roll our tongue into a tube, open our mouth slightly, inhale and exhale.
10. We move our tongue in an inner circle, moving between the muscles of the cheeks and teeth.

Acquired asymmetry can be corrected without surgery. But if these are consequences of the disease and after six months they do not disappear, then you should consult a doctor and consult about the condition of the muscle. The problem may need to be addressed surgically. But often gymnastics is enough.

Now let's digress a little.

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Main causes of facial asymmetry

Why does facial asymmetry appear?

Facial asymmetry can appear due to acquired reasons, or be congenital. Its type will determine how quickly and to what extent the pathology will manifest itself, and how to eliminate it.

Congenital asymmetry

• All kinds of pathologies in the development of cranial bones.
• Disorders in the formation of the joints of the lower jaw.
• Various pathologies in the development of connective and muscle tissues.
• Slow development of the lower jaw.
• Incorrect and uneven development of the fetus; influence on the development of the genetic code.

Acquired asymmetry appears in people after various types of injuries. The reason for this may be various past illnesses, and in some cases even improper jaw care. The most famous among them:

Facial asymmetry sometimes appears even due to an incorrect lifestyle. This may appear for a number of the following reasons:

• Frequent squinting of only one eye.
• Chewing with only one jaw.
• Frequent use of chewing gum.
• Sleep only on one side.

How is facial asymmetry diagnosed?

Facial asymmetry is diagnosed simply - through a visual examination, as well as questioning the patient about inflammation and previous injuries.

In addition, the doctor can resort to special measurement of facial proportions using the necessary instruments.

If the patient has suspicions of damage to the facial nerves as the main causes of the pathology, then the patient will be additionally sent for:

• Consultations with a neurologist, and sometimes also with a dentist, ophthalmologist and neurosurgeon.
• Complete neurological examination using special equipment.
• X-ray of the skull.

Treatment of facial asymmetry

Types of treatment are different, since it all depends on the reason why this or that pathology was caused. As a rule, simple conservative measures are sufficient.

For minor pathologies comes to the rescue cosmetics. Its correct use will help disguise imperfections.

This type of help for facial asymmetry includes hairstyles, wigs and makeup, and for men you will need beards and false mustaches.

The list of inexpensive ways includes muscle massage in problem areas and gymnastics. Sometimes they also prescribe physiotherapeutic procedures.

If the asymmetry is pronounced, it’s time for radical techniques. To correct such pathologies it is necessary surgery by a qualified surgeon or orthodontist. They do the necessary plastic surgery, correction of bones and other things.

Massages for facial asymmetry

The main task of this method in treating facial asymmetry is to force the neuromuscular structures to work more intensely.

Thanks to this, muscle mass will begin to grow, and the outer surface in the right place will change and the pathology will be smoothed out.

In order to simplify the procedure and increase its effectiveness, muscle myostimulation is performed. This is the same massage or gymnastics, but with the use of special devices. They act on the muscles and nerves of problem areas with barely perceptible electrical signals. Due to this, the muscles work more efficiently and synchronously.

Cosmetology

On a par with these in simple ways, like makeup, wigs and false beards, there is also such an area of ​​treatment for facial asymmetry as cosmetology, which is more effective. That's exactly how pathology not disguised, but fully deleted through cosmetic procedures.

In general, this can be achieved using contour plastic surgery, in which special agents are not injected into the epidermis and under it. products that help change the shape of external surfaces. For this purpose, today they most often use fillers that contain hyaluronic acid. This substance consists of natural structural elements skin, and therefore it is safe.

This technique has become very popular, and even has its continuation in softlifting. It uses new fillers with the well-known names Voluma, Suв Q with hyaluronic acid. Unlike previous products, it is much more effective, and, most importantly, it injures the facial tissue even less.

A certain category of patients, according to indications, may be offered to change facial asymmetry using Botox. After introduction this drug in facial muscles, it makes them immune to nerve impulses, due to which they relax, stop contracting and secrete pathology.

Plastic

Methods of this type of surgery are used, as a rule, for significant pathologies. Today, there are many techniques and operations that allow you to permanently and completely remove the asymmetry of the client’s face:

• Blephoplasty. Using this method, if necessary, you can change the shape of the eyes and the shape of the eyelids; During the operation, excess fat deposits and skin are removed.
• Lipofilling. The essence of the operation is to transplant fatty tissues, which are taken from patients from other parts of the body, to problem areas on the face. This technique will help correct the shape of the cheekbones and chin, but sometimes it is also used to change the size and contours of the lips.
• Lifting. This technique is used to tighten the facial skin, due to which asymmetry is smoothed out and becomes almost/completely invisible.
• Rhinoplasty. The purpose of this technique is to correct the position and shape of the nose.

For neuritis

When the cause of the pathology is neuritis, which develops due to problems with the facial nerves, the patient is first examined, the electrical activity of the muscles is determined, due to which conductivity is assessed nerve endings. Based on the results obtained, soft tissue massage and body myostimulation are prescribed. As you can see, physiotherapy has a positive effect on treatment.

Possible complications

Pathology that was started due to the lack normal treatment, can lead to critical condition of the patient.

This is expressed in the appearance of pain inside the muscles (especially when they are tense), hearing impairment and the inability to eat properly.

In addition, a deterioration in the patient’s mental state is often noted. He often becomes nervous and aggressive, against the background of which depression begins to develop.

As we see, postoperative complications occur in medical practice. Also, unsuccessful operations lead to changes in facial expressions. In addition, the patient begins to increasingly suffer from inflammatory diseases. He may also develop a nervous tic.

Prevention of facial asymmetry

The development or appearance of facial asymmetry can be reduced. This will help you:

• The right way of life.
• Regular visits to the dentist.
• Rejection of bad habits.
• Visit (if necessary) to the orthodontist.
• Timely consultation with a doctor at the slightest sign of pathology.

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What are the symptoms of this disease?

Facial asymmetry can be of natural or pathological origin.

Natural asymmetry, as a rule, is not very pronounced; small differences are noticeable between the left and right halves of the face. The left half is usually softer and more delicate, while the right half is rougher and wider. It is usually practically unnoticeable to ordinary people, since the difference in facial proportions is about three millimeters.

With pathology of the facial nerve, the difference in facial proportions is pronounced and is accompanied by a pronounced clinical picture:

• weak facial muscles on the affected part grow;
• the affected half has a mask-like character;
• folds on the forehead and lips are smoothed;
• the eye is dilated;
• drooping corners of the lips;
• part of the face has a tortured look;
• the mechanism of muscle movement is difficult, it is difficult to close an eye, wrinkle your forehead, and so on;
• there are problems with speech reproduction and nutrition;
• pain in the area of ​​the affected nerve.

In children, facial asymmetry can occur due to muscular torticollis and lying in one position for a long time. As a rule, part of the face is slightly smoothed, the head tilts towards the affected side, and the jaw is smaller.

What are the causes of facial asymmetry?

In fact, there are many reasons why facial asymmetry appears. Among them are acquired and congenital. Congenital ones include: anomalies in the structure of the skull, pathologies of the neck muscles and defects of connective tissues and muscles, incomplete development of the lower part of the jaw.

Acquired asymmetry can result from:

• injuries, inflammation or pinching of facial nerve endings;
• vision problems with further strabismus;
• due to malocclusion or missing teeth on one side of the jaw;
• in children - due to muscular and neurogenic torticollis
• jaw injuries and facial bone fractures;
• due to sleeping on one side or constantly chewing gum on only one side of the jaw;
• systemic connective tissue diseases.

Diagnosis of the disease

The diagnosis is based on an external examination by a specialist highlighting asymmetric pathologies, a detailed survey of the patient about the possible cause, heredity, acquired injuries, muscle pathologies, dental health.

The proportions of both halves of the face are also measured using specialized equipment and deviations are identified.

You can look at your photo yourself, dividing your face strictly in half and comparing both halves of the face, or take a mirror image of your face and see the difference.

How to treat facial muscle asymmetry

Many people wonder how to correct facial asymmetry? Often, an asymmetrical face does not need treatment; this should be resorted to only in cases of pronounced pathologies and disfiguring facial asymmetry.

Treatment in everyone special case is prescribed individually and depends on the reasons for the appearance:

• if muscle tone is affected, a course of myostimulation and gymnastics for the facial muscles can help, massages with an emphasis on problem areas are also prescribed;
• they select hairstyles and makeup for women, mustaches and beards for men.
• orthodontic treatment;
• maxillofacial surgery;
• plastic surgery.

If the asymmetry is very pronounced, then the following is prescribed:

If you have a pinched facial nerve, inpatient neurological treatment is prescribed.

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A person, as a living organism, is characterized by bilateral symmetry of the right and left sides of the body. At the same time, this symmetry is not ideal, shining example- dominance of the functions of the right hand in right-handers and the left in left-handers, some difference in the size of the feet. But if minor differences in the limbs are perceived as the norm, then facial asymmetry often becomes a source of serious psychological discomfort.

Facial asymmetry - normal or pathological?

There are no absolutely symmetrical faces, and a small difference in proportions between the right and left halves is subconsciously perceived by us as harmony. Venus de Milo - the standard of female beauty since antiquity - is no exception. The asymmetry of her face is manifested in the fact that the left eye and left ear are slightly higher than on the right side, and the nose is slightly deviated to the right.

As a rule, the right side of the face is slightly wider, the features here are sharper, firmer, and more masculine. The left half is slightly elongated in the vertical axis and has softer, smoother outlines. This is well known to public figures, who always strive to turn to the most advantageous angle in front of the camera lens.

This natural facial asymmetry is called individual. It is invisible to the naked eye and gives a person uniqueness and charm. Correction of facial asymmetry is required only if there is a pathological difference in proportions, which is conditionally equal to 2-3 mm in linear measurements and 3-5 degrees in angular measurements.

Causes of facial asymmetry

In scientific circles, there are more than 25 reasons why the right and left sides of the face are not exactly identical. Roughly speaking, any facial asymmetry can be either congenital, due to structural features of the skull bones, or acquired. Congenital pathologies are explained by heredity and defects in intrauterine development of the fetus. Subsequently, muscle fibers can make them completely invisible, and sometimes, on the contrary, emphasize flaws.

The causes of acquired facial asymmetry are varied, most often due to injuries and past illnesses:

• clamps of nerve endings (for example, after a stroke), inflammation of the facial nerve;
• visual impairment (squint, large difference in visual acuity between the right and left eyes);
• dental diseases (bad bite, missing teeth on one side of the jaw, forced chewing on one side);
• In children, facial asymmetry is often caused by torticollis.

Our habits, facial and physiological, also play a significant role. If you constantly squint one eye, chew gum on one side of your jaw, or sleep only on a certain side, sooner or later this will affect your face.

Treatment of facial asymmetry

Not every manifestation of facial disproportion requires medical intervention. If the cause of facial asymmetry lies in weakness muscle tone, facial gymnastics and massage with an emphasis on certain facial muscles help very well. A well-chosen hairstyle perfectly hides minor imperfections. A man will be completely transformed by a mustache or beard, and for women powerful weapon in the fight against one's own imperfections is makeup.

In case of serious pathological changes, medicine comes to the rescue. How to correct facial asymmetry in each specific case can be determined by consulting a specialist: a neurologist, ophthalmologist, dentist, maxillofacial surgeon, orthodontist. The main task: to find out the cause, and then the treatment of facial asymmetry will consist of eliminating it, and if this is not possible, correcting the consequences. Cosmetic surgery in this sense is the last resort, but its possibilities are truly enormous.

Facial asymmetry in psychology

Conduct an experiment: upload your photo to any graphics editor (in the photo you should look directly into the lens, your face is evenly lit). Now divide it vertically into two parts exactly along the midline of the face, and then alternately make a mirror image of the right and left halves. Look carefully at the portraits made up of left and right halves - completely different people!

What does facial asymmetry tell psychologists? About how big the difference is between your actions, lifestyle and the sphere of your emotions, about the level of internal harmony of a person. After all, the right side of the face reflects the work of the left hemisphere of the brain, which is responsible for logic, thinking, and the practical side of life. The left side is the projection of feelings and experiences, and they are controlled by the right hemisphere. Thus, a portrait from the right halves is called “vital”, and from the left “spiritual”.

Professor A.N. Anuashvili developed and patented a method of video-computer psychodiagnostics and psychocorrection (VCP). By processing the “left” and “right” portraits, the computer program produces a very accurate psychological portrait, predicts a person’s behavior in a given situation, and also gives recommendations for harmonizing the practical and spiritual spheres of the individual. The professor believes that even daily looking at “different” things can save you from many psychological problems.

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Eye asymmetry: diagnosis and symptoms

Diagnostics consists of two parts: visual and hardware inspection.

First of all, the specialist visually examines the patient, determines the advanced state of the pathology, and interviews the patient about how and when the disease was acquired. Next is an examination for the presence of damage, injuries, or curvature of the jaw.

Afterwards, deviations are measured using special instruments. As mentioned earlier, every person has a predisposition to asymmetry. Based on this, the doctor takes the most permissible deviation limits as the norm and compares them with the patient’s data. A difference of more than 3 mm and 5 degrees is considered a serious deviation.

During diagnosis, you may need the help of an ophthalmologist. A very common type of deviation is eye asymmetry. It is expressed by obvious strabismus or disproportionate placement of the eyes. For example, one is higher, the other is lower. If the cause lies in neurological disease, then the presence of a neurologist is necessary during diagnosis.

The patient will first be sent to see a dentist. According to medical statistics, over 70% of pathologies originate in jaw deviations. An incorrectly positioned jaw results in defects in the position of the cheeks and lips, and a disturbed bite. The front teeth may protrude slightly or, on the contrary, appear sunken. To ensure complete confidence and successful completion of the diagnosis, a full neurological examination, fluoroscopy of the skull and MRI of the face are performed.

Symptoms of facial asymmetry

It all depends on what form of asymmetry the patient has: congenital or natural. As for the natural one, the difference in facial contours is hardly noticeable. Even the experienced eye of a doctor will not immediately detect the differences between the right and left halves of the face.

Congenital (or, as it is also called, pathological) asymmetry has a pronounced character. The symmetry of the face is greatly impaired.

This can manifest itself in various ways, such as:

• Violation of facial expressions and gestures.
• The asymmetry of the eyes is impaired, strabismus, one eye is drooping or raised.
• Deviations in speech apparatus, slow or too fast, slurred speech, “swallowing” of some sounds or words.
• Painful sensations while eating.
• If the disease occurs on a neurological basis, there is pain in the area of ​​the affected nerve.

In more early age(in children aged 7 to 12 years) asymmetry manifests itself as unusually smooth facial contours (or their complete absence), a sedentary jaw, a tilt of the head towards the lesion.

In general, symptoms are highly individual and depend on many individual criteria. For example, even if it pathological disease, it can be aggravated by acquired diseases or complications after them. Any injury can cause deformation of either half of the face, especially if a nerve was damaged. It is necessary to conduct a diagnosis to establish the original cause and take all necessary measures to eliminate this facial defect.

Lip asymmetry and treatment methods

Quite a few diseases can provoke facial defects or become a factor in actively accompanying the development of the disease.

In general, here is a list of those diseases after which disturbances in facial contours, lip asymmetry and other deviations develop:

• Viral infections. As a rule, even harmless herpes can become a provoking factor. You should especially be wary of protracted illnesses that require complex treatment. They are the ones who become original cause the occurrence of facial asymmetry.
• Bacterial infections can negatively affect the facial nerve, thereby causing paralysis of a certain area or complete damage to the facial-gestural apparatus. Prominent representatives include: syphilis, diphtheria.
• Meningitis.
• Even diabetes may cause facial defects.

In general, any disease potentially poses a threat to the face of a sick person. It is very important to quickly eliminate aggravating factors that can cause further complications and provoke the occurrence of asymmetry.

Treatment

As a rule, doctors do not recommend treatment unless there is a pronounced difference in the proportions and shapes of the face. If, after diagnosis, lip asymmetry or any other type of facial defect has been identified, it is necessary to quickly proceed to treatment or correction of the problem.

If the problem is hidden in damage to the facial nerve, treatment is carried out in neurological department hospital. To eliminate this problem, various acupressures, physiotherapy and much more are used. During treatment, a neurologist is obliged to examine the patient daily and, at the first improvements, change surgical methods of intervention to rehabilitation or correctional ones.

It is worth explaining what the peculiarity of the correction is. The correction is not intended to treat pathology, but only to eliminate visual defects. For example, smoothing the facial muscles and bringing them to their original position. Doctors advise men to grow a mustache or beard to visually hide the imperfections of chin or lip defects. Women - the right choice of makeup. In general terms, correction can be compared to plastic surgery without the direct intervention of a surgeon. The main task is to hide imperfections in facial contours through natural intervention. Plastic surgery is used only if the patient’s speech is impaired or vision deteriorates.

There is also special muscle gymnastics for developing the jaw apparatus, improving the mobility of stagnant muscles and correcting the bite. Necessary measures Treatment is prescribed by a doctor after diagnosing and determining the exact cause of the pathology.

The face is the mirror of a person. That is why impaired facial asymmetry can greatly ruin your life. Society does not always accept people who are different from others, and in some cases they begin to simply ignore pathologically ill people.

Of course, it is extremely difficult to muster the courage to visit a medical facility for treatment and correction of impaired facial asymmetry, because it requires considerable moral preparation. However, the longer the process of visiting a doctor is delayed, the more internal complexes develop, and the person rejects himself more and more. You shouldn’t delay this, but act decisively.

myplastica.ru

Facial asymmetry recognition test

Do you think that you don’t need facial exercises against asymmetry? Then take a simple and quite interesting test, the results of which you can learn a lot of interesting things about yourself.

Facial asymmetry can be observed in a child, an adolescent, an adult or an old person. But not everyone may know about this. For most people, the defect is minor, in which case no treatment is required.


But sometimes it causes significant inconvenience. Take a simple test and find out whether you should do facial gymnastics to restore its symmetry:

1. We take pictures, looking directly into the lens, the lighting should be uniform.
2. We load the photo into a graphic editor and divide it in half, creating two pictures.
3. For each of the two resulting images, we create a mirror image, obtaining a full-fledged oval of the face.
4. If you practically don’t recognize yourself in any of the images, it means you have significant asymmetry.

A minor defect is not a sign of significant violations. For many, this is a sign of individuality.

Important. If the discrepancy in the horizontal position of the ears or cheekbones is more than 3 mm, then it is worth thinking about correcting the discrepancy.

What is facial asymmetry?

Experts identify two main reasons for the discrepancy between the two halves of the face:

• congenital;
• acquired.

The first type of disease can develop as a result of improperly fused bones of the skull, jaw, facial joints, connective and muscle tissues. Malocclusion– one of the consequences of violation of bone symmetry.

If the distortions are minor, they can be corrected with hairstyle, makeup, and for men, a mustache or beard. In other cases, doctors recommend using methods associated with surgery. Don’t forget that plastic surgery literally works wonders these days, the main thing is not to despair and turn to a good specialist.

If the asymmetry is acquired, in many cases it can be corrected without surgery. It may occur due to the following reasons:

• severe squint;
• inflamed facial nerve, the disease often occurs after hypothermia, prolonged exposure to a strong draft or severe stress;
• injuries and improper fusion of jaw bones or other parts of the face;
• stroke, which in our time is relevant not only for older people, but also for teenagers;
• malocclusion or other dental problems, for example, missing teeth;
• infantile torticollis;
• Habits that lead to asymmetry: constantly chewing on one side, sleeping in one position, squinting.

These habits often lead to changes in facial expressions and disruption of facial symmetry, which only gets worse with age, because the elasticity of the skin and muscles only weakens over time.

On the Internet you can find many examples showing that asymmetry also becomes a consequence of unsuccessful plastic surgery or an incorrectly performed procedure of introducing Botox under the skin. We can see similar defects in photos of celebrities.

Gymnastics to eliminate facial asymmetry

If the asymmetry is not associated with a pinched nerve, you should perform the following exercises 2-3 times a day:

1. We apply the palm of our hand to the healthy part with our fingers up, and to the paralyzed part we place the back of our hand with our fingers up. Gently pull the skin from the healthy half up and to the side towards the diseased half, and the paralyzed muscles towards the healthy part, while making massaging movements.
2. We close our eyes, pressing the eyelids with our middle fingers. Using light pressure, we make circular movements, affecting the eye muscles. We massage the healthy side from above, outwards and downwards, the sick side - from below and upwards, moving your finger from the nose to the eyebrow.
3. Place your index fingers on the wings of your nose. The healthy part should be stroked towards the lower part of the face, the diseased part towards the upper.
4. We place our middle fingers in the middle of the nasolabial groove on the healthy side and under the lip on the paralyzed side. We pull healthy muscles down, sick muscles up.
5. Set medium and index fingers strictly in the center above each eyebrow. Using circular movements, we move the muscles of the healthy brow ridge to the center and down, and the sick one – to the center and up.

Exercises are performed for 10-12 minutes in front of a mirror until the facial muscles acquire proper symmetry.

Important. Gymnastics is performed in the process of correcting acquired and congenital asymmetry, including after a stroke.

Exercises for neuritis of the facial nerve should be as follows:

1. Close your eyes tightly for 10 seconds.
2. Slowly and quite strongly we frown.
3. Raise the eyebrows as much as possible along with the eyelids.
4. We place our fingers on the wings of the nose, pressing them for effort when inhaling.
5. Inflating the wings of the nose, we slowly lift them.
6. Stretch your lips into the widest smile possible, exposing your teeth.
7. We pronounce the sound “and”, stretching our lips as much as possible.
8. We take a deep breath and hold our breath for 10 seconds, puffing out our cheeks.
9. Roll your tongue into a tube, open your mouth slightly, and inhale deeply.
10. We perform circular movements with the tongue between the teeth and cheeks.

Note. If after six to seven months of constant massages there are no changes, you should consult a specialist, because not only the nerve, but also the muscle can atrophy. In this case, surgical intervention will have to be performed.

Before performing a facial massage at home, you should definitely contact the following specialists:

• dentist;
• orthodontist;
• ophthalmologist;
• maxillofacial surgeon;
• neurologist.

If specialists do not prescribe surgery, you will most likely be helped by correcting asymmetry with facial massage. Correct treatment in most cases it gives positive results, which can be seen in the photos before and after the exercises.

Stars with facial asymmetry

Among celebrities, pronounced and not so pronounced facial asymmetry is quite common, which affects their facial expressions and the general perception of artists.

Thom Yorke

The frontman of the rock band Radiohead has some pretty interesting facial features, and asymmetry is largely to blame. His eyes are of different sizes, his ears are located at different heights, and the tip of his nose is strongly offset to the side.

Meryl Streep

One of the most successful and respected actresses in Hollywood is known for her correct and aristocratic features. However, it is a certain violation of symmetry that gives the zest to its texture. Her nose is slightly set to the side, and the corner of her mouth is raised.

Cindy Crawford

The face of a Hollywood celebrity would be completely symmetrical if not for the mole on his cheek. Add another one like that, and the pretty face will lose its peculiarity, and the actress will become like millions of other girls without any special features in appearance.

Gordon Ramsay

The world famous chef is a clear example of facial asymmetry. But in this case, one should take into account the celebrity’s difficult childhood, because it is the poor conditions in which children grow up, and their malnutrition may cause this disease.

Tina Fey

The obvious asymmetry of a celebrity's face is sometimes used as an advantage, because it makes it more memorable. Actress Tina Fey also emphasizes this feature with side-swept bangs.

Harrison Ford

With age, defects such as asymmetry become more obvious. Nevertheless, Harrison Ford's face remains as attractive as it was a couple of decades ago, despite some inconsistency in features. Therefore, do not despair if one ear is located a little higher, or there is always a mischievous sideways grin on your face.

Now you know what to do with facial asymmetry and its various manifestations. Simple daily exercises will help to easily eliminate it, but do not forget to consult with specialists before performing any exercises at home.

I always knew that my face, as well as the faces of other people, is not characterized by absolute symmetry and did not see a big problem in that. However, over time, I began to notice that one side of the face looked not just slightly different, but frankly worse than the other: the skin and muscles on it were less elastic, and the wrinkles were deeper. Worried, I went to a specialist to find out the reason for the changes happening to me. “There really are no absolutely symmetrical faces in nature,” says Irina Ivanova, cosmetologist-dermatologist, doctor highest category Doctorplastic clinics. — The left side is always softer, feminine, slightly elongated vertically. The right one is wider and less feminine. It should be noted that such physiological asymmetry is practically not perceived visually. It is due to the fact that the hemispheres of the brain regulate the motor skills and sensory functions of the halves of the body differently, and therefore the facial activity of different sides of the face is somewhat different. Another thing is acquired asymmetry, which arises for completely different reasons. Here are the most common ones."

Dental problems

Dentists never tire of repeating that the loss of a tooth, and especially several, is also a serious aesthetic problem. The connection between a full set of teeth and a beautiful oval face is the most direct. After tooth extraction, the bone partitions from which the tooth socket was formed gradually dissolve, and a dent forms on the jaw. At the same time, the jaw is deformed, slightly decreasing in height and diameter. This leads to tension in small facial muscles and the formation of new wrinkles or the deepening of old ones. If several teeth are missing in the lower jaw, the angle of its location may change, and soft fabrics At the same time, faces shift, forming wrinkles and creases. Timely prosthetics will help avoid jaw deformation and maintain beautiful facial contours. Artificial analogues of teeth will not allow the jaw to decrease in size and will support the functioning of the chewing muscles and jaw joints.

Habit of chewing on one side

Most often, this is again a consequence of the loss of a tooth (or teeth). We chew on one side of our mouth because there is simply nothing to chew on the other. As a result, the facial muscles on the one hand, not receiving the proper load, weaken, while on the other they become hypertonic. Overstrained muscles literally pull on facial tissues, creating creases and visible asymmetry. It should be noted that the risk of developing an aesthetic defect is especially high if you like chewing gum. In this case, the chewing muscles experience uneven load for a long time.

Habit of sleeping on one side

Sleep, as you know, is a necessary condition for beauty. However, if you are used to sleeping on one side, you risk losing your beauty while sleeping. The fact is that the tissue on the side of your face, with which you press against the pillow, slowly but inevitably deforms. The oval gradually changes, a mesh forms around the eye fine wrinkles, deeper folds lie between the eyebrows, vertical lines form on the cheeks and chin. As cosmetologists say, if you prefer to sleep on one side, then it will quickly become clear which one. The best way to avoid asymmetry and wrinkles while sleeping is to eliminate any contact between your face and your pillow. You can do this by training yourself to fall asleep lying on your back. This way you will not only avoid prolonged pressure on the muscles and skin, but also maintain normal fluid flow throughout the night.

Diseases

The cause of acquired asymmetry can be various diseases. “First of all, dysfunction of the facial nerve,” says Irina Ivanova. — With this disease, weakness of the facial muscles develops, the corner of the mouth droops, and droops. upper eyelid, the palpebral fissure becomes wider, the nasolabial folds are smoothed out, the face on the affected side acquires a pained expression. Injuries, fractures, especially displaced ones, and the consequences of unsuccessful plastic surgeries are also often the reason why the two sides of the face look different.”

According to experts, you can encounter the problem of facial asymmetry at any age. But over time, unfortunately, it becomes more and more noticeable. Simply due to the fact that they live with us longer and bad habits. “However, do not despair,” says Irina Ivanova. — Asymmetry, as a rule, can be corrected. First of all, it is necessary to eliminate the causes: contact a neurologist, dentist, or orthodontist. There is physiotherapy, gymnastics for facial muscles, massage. To correct violations of proportions and volumes, cosmetologists use contour plastic surgery. Botulinum therapy is also used successfully. In the most severe cases, surgical correction is possible.”

The first thing that every person automatically pays attention to when meeting or communicating with other people is their faces. At the same time, the slight asymmetry of the face that is present in each of us is not even noticed, that is, the slight difference in shapes, distances and sizes of one half from the other. Asymmetry is an individual feature, external characteristic each person. There are no absolutely symmetrical faces in nature. The asymmetry of the oval of the face and, in general, its individual areas, distinguishes even identical twins with its indicators.

It can be physiological and pathological in nature and is of professional interest to specialists in many specialties - in neurology, cosmetology and plastic surgery, dentistry and maxillofacial surgery, psychology, anthropology and forensic medical examination. What could be the reasons and what to do if there is severe facial asymmetry?

Causes of facial asymmetry

A certain percentage of people turn to cosmetologists or plastic surgeons specifically about the asymmetrical arrangement of facial elements. However, most often the disproportion of the latter is determined by a cosmetologist during an examination regarding the correction of any other defects or by a plastic surgeon who is planning, for example, a volumetric plastic surgery.

The shape and symmetry of all points depends on the structure of the bones and cartilages of the facial skull, the degree of development, volume and tone of the facial and masticatory muscles, passing nerves and blood vessels, the volume and thickness of subcutaneous fatty tissue, etc.

Of the many formations of the facial skull, including osteochondral structures, the most important cosmetic and aesthetic formation is the nose. Its shapes and sizes not only determine aesthetics, but are also the main ones in cases of asymmetry formation. The latter, if you look closely, can be expressed in unevenness or differences in the contours of the eyebrows, in different shapes of the corners of the mouth and the depth of the nasolabial folds, in different sizes and shapes ears, position of the wings of the nose, etc.

Correcting facial asymmetry is not always necessary. The lack of ideal symmetry not only of the face, but also of other parts of the skeleton and body as a whole is due to individual anatomical and morphological features of development, such as innate nature, so for various reasons that arise throughout life. Visually, the violation of symmetry is almost invisible and occurs in almost all people. A deviation in proportions of no more than 2-3 mm or 3-5 degrees is considered a physiological norm.

The approach to deciding whether and how it is necessary to remove facial asymmetry is significantly influenced by the diagnosis of possible causes. Due to the nature of the reasons (namely pathological abnormalities from conditionally correct proportions) all asymmetric states are combined into three large groups:

1. congenital
2. acquired
3. combined

Congenital facial asymmetry

Caused by abnormalities associated with genetic predisposition or disorders of various nature arising during the intrauterine development of the fetus. These include mainly:

• anomalies in the development of the bones of the facial skull;
• underdevelopment of the lower jaw;
• improper formation of the temporomandibular joint;
• defects in the development of connective tissue or facial muscles;
• unilateral defect of the sternocleidomastoid muscle with the development of torticollis;
• strabismus.

Acquired

If facial asymmetry appeared after birth, then this defect refers to an acquired pathology. The main causes of acquired disproportion are the consequences:

• traumatic injuries to bone structures and inflammatory processes in the area of ​​the mandibular joints;
• pathological processes in the chewing and facial muscles;
• improper development of the dentition, malocclusion and, in general, any abnormal condition of the dental system;
• neurological diseases.

In this case, neurological pathology is the main one and is represented by the most numerous problems leading to facial disturbances in proportions. This block mainly includes:

• neuropathy of the facial nerve, or Bell's palsy (the most common cause of facial asymmetry - up to 25 cases per 100,000 population);
• traumatic injuries, including surgical, and other damage to the facial nerve;
• post-paralytic facial contracture with increased tone of the muscles of the same name on the opposite side;
• synkinesias of a pathological nature (motor-motor and motor-vegetative), associated with neuropathies and characterized by muscle spasms of facial muscles, dyskinesia of facial muscles; eliminating facial asymmetry due to synkinesis is relatively simple; it can be easily corrected by introducing microdoses of botulinum toxin into lacrimal gland or orbicularis oculi muscle;
• pain syndromes in any areas of the face;
• asymmetric myasthenic syndrome.

Neuroscience takes a particularly in-depth look at the causes of imbalances. Its findings are necessarily taken into account in cases where a plastic surgeon or even a cosmetologist needs to choose treatment for facial asymmetry.

Synkinesis of facial muscles

The relationship of neurology to the causes of imbalances

Facial asymmetry is primarily, from a neurological point of view, determined by the lack of symmetry in the hemispheres of the brain. Each of the cerebral hemispheres regulates sensations (sensory) and motor functions of the corresponding halves of the body in different ways. At the same time, one person’s perception of another’s facial expressions also depends on the state of interaction between the hemispheres of the brain in a particular person.

Neurology as a science considers issues of symmetry as its subjective perception by the observer. In other words, one person’s conclusion about disproportions may be erroneous; another observer, due to the peculiarities of interaction between the hemispheres of his brain, may come to the opposite conclusion. Therefore, in neurology, the following types of asymmetry are distinguished, which are also accepted in cosmetology and plastic surgery in the final decision on how to correct facial asymmetry:

Static or morphological type

This type of symmetry violation is characterized by the presence of differences in the state of rest between individual elements in size, structure, shape and proportions. The reasons for these differences are individual characteristics development, pathology of the bones of the facial skull, pathology of masticatory and facial muscles, in the consequences of diseases and traumatic injuries.

Types of asymmetry
A Static or morphological
B Dynamic or functional

Dynamic or functional type

Consists in asynchronous contractions of the facial muscles and manifests itself during facial expressions. For example, a disproportion that is absent at rest or a moderate disproportion at rest, respectively, appears or significantly increases when smiling or stretching out the lips in the form of a tube. The dynamic form of asymmetry is associated with congenital or acquired pathology of facial muscles, residual effects of damage to the central facial nerve (cerebrovascular accident) or peripheral in the form of Bell's palsy. In this case, the severity of the imbalances depends on the degree of damage (neuropathy) of the facial nerve.

Correction of facial asymmetry

Therapy for the pathology in question is based on diagnosing the cause, establishing the type and degree of the pathological condition and prescribing treatment for the corresponding pathology in combination with the use of neurotrophic methods.

Since most common cause is neuropathy of the facial nerve, the basic principles of treatment are:

1. Use of appropriate specific (neurological) traditional drug therapy.
2. Injections of botulinum toxin preparations on the “healthy” and/or affected side.
3. The use of stabilized hyaluronic acid fillers.
4. Carrying out surgical correction or thread lifting.

In addition, in almost all cases, gymnastics against facial asymmetry and electrical stimulation procedures can be used (in the absence of contraindications to their implementation).

Bolulinum toxin injections

For the purpose of botulinum therapy, briefly described above, can be used various drugs botulinum toxin "A", in particular "", "" and, especially, "". In case of paralysis and paresis, correction with these means is carried out on the healthy (conditionally) half of the face, since it is here that the increased tone muscles. In the case of synkinesis, muscle contractures and hyperkinesis, injections are carried out mainly into the dependent muscles. Very often, such correctly administered dose-dependent therapy allows you to restore facial symmetry without surgery within 4-6 months.

Surgical treatment of facial asymmetry

Dermal gels

At the next (after botulinum therapy) stage, contour plastic surgery and correction of soft tissue volumes are carried out through the use of. These drugs contain complex therapy(surgical treatment and botulinum therapy) make it possible to achieve high functional and aesthetic results in patients with long-term and severe forms of paralysis of the facial muscles.

Preparations of stabilized hyaluronic acid can not only eliminate the disproportion of areas and restore the aesthetic condition, but also have a pronounced healing effect, thanks to the improvement of microcirculation and trophic processes in tissues.

Experts in neurology consider plastic, hypoallergenic, devoid of cellular and gene toxicity, new-generation hyaluronic acid-based fillers with a special three-dimensional structure from the Swiss pharmaceutical concern Hyal Intertrade SA to be optimal. Contour plastic surgery is carried out using classical techniques introduction of fillers - linear, fan, multipuncture, “mesh”.

Right facial nerve neuropathy
And the initial state
The picture after botulinum therapy (Lantox) and injection plastic surgery(Bellcontour)
From state to
D after volumetric correction

Surgical treatment and thread lifting

In cases where the asymmetry is characterized by significant severity (more than 5 cm in total), surgical correction is required, since conservative methods treatment is not able to provide satisfactory results not only in functionally, but also aesthetically.

At the same time, in case of paresis, local damage to the terminal sections or the first branch of the facial nerve, in the presence of certain concomitant diseases or the patient’s refusal of surgical treatment, correction through a minimally invasive procedure (lift) is possible. It is usually carried out in combination with botulinum therapy and correction after surgery with stabilized hyaluronic acid fillers or during surgery with autologous fat (). The combination of these methods can significantly improve the patient’s condition, significantly improve his quality of life and facilitate his social adaptation.

Correction with thread lifting

Exercises for facial asymmetry

They may be different, but the main ones are:

1. Slowly and forcefully frown your eyebrows.
2. Close your eyes as much as possible, then quickly relax your eyelids.
3. Raise the eyebrows as much as possible simultaneously with the lift of the upper eyelid.
4. Extend your pursed lips forward strongly while simultaneously pronouncing the sound “I.”
5. Alternately smile with the corners of your lips.
6. Simulate maximum inhalation while pressing the wings of the nose with your fingers.
7. Slowly move the lower jaw alternately to the right and left sides, holding it in extreme positions for 2 seconds.
8. Move the tongue around in a circle inside cheeks and lips in front of the teeth.

During the exercises, it is advisable to carry out special loads on the problem half. The number of repetitions of each exercise on the problematic side should be at least 20, on the healthy side - at least 10.

From assessing the degree of disproportions, diagnosing their causes and choosing correct algorithm therapy depends entirely on the adequacy of the correction.

Malocclusion, the structure of the jaws and cranial bones play a significant role in appearance person. Problems such as a heavy chin, thin lips, and sunken cheeks are consequences of improper teeth growth. The appearance of early signs of aging: deep wrinkles, a blurred oval of the face is also a consequence of an abnormal bite.

Facial asymmetry due to malocclusion

Malocclusion is one of the most common problems in orthodontics. Parents often do not pay attention to how their child’s teeth grow; meanwhile, incorrect teeth closure entails a lot of unpleasant, and sometimes even dangerous consequences. With a crossbite, the asymmetry can be quite pronounced (we recommend reading:). If the asymmetry is enhanced by the displacement of the lower jaw relative to the fixed part of the skull, then the visual effect is even more noticeable.

Norms and pathologies

This article talks about typical ways to solve your issues, but each case is unique! If you want to find out from me how to solve your particular problem, ask your question. It's fast and free!

Normally, a person has slight differences between the right and left sides of the face. At first glance they are not so noticeable, but upon closer inspection you can see the difference. In numerical terms, the norm is characterized by a violation of proportions by 2-3 millimeters or 3-5 degrees. Parameters that go beyond these numbers can be classified as pathologies. As a rule, they are noticeable immediately.

Pathology can manifest itself as the following appearance defects:

• sagging cheeks, crooked lines and drooping corners of the mouth as a result of atrophy of the facial muscles;
• complete smoothing of nasolabial and frontal folds;
• widened eye slit;
• the upper eyelid does not completely touch the lower eyelid, the eye does not close completely;
• the face has a tortured, suffering look;
• absence or insufficiency of facial abilities: a person cannot wrinkle his forehead, nose, or move his lip.

Pathologies caused by abnormal occlusion entail not only aesthetic problems. A person cannot chew food normally, resulting in gastrointestinal diseases. Diction problems may also occur. Sometimes malocclusions cause pain in a person.

Reasons for asymmetry

The causes of the appearance can be external, when the pathology occurs as a result of mechanical damage to the face. In some cases, this problem may be congenital. Congenital and acquired defects, in addition to aesthetic problems, cause various difficulties and diseases, so treatment is the elimination of the root causes of the pathology.

Diagnostics

Diagnosis of this pathology does not cause difficulties. A visual examination is enough for the doctor. Special measuring instruments have been developed that can be used to determine the severity of the defect. The doctor collects data on facial injuries received, inflammatory processes suffered, dental diseases. If there is a suspicion of neuralgia, then additional studies are carried out with the involvement of a neurologist. Diagnosis can also be made based on skull x-ray data.

Types of defect

To understand what a defect is, you first need to determine what a norm is. With a normal bite, the jaws compress naturally, while the molars should fit each other clearly, and the upper front row should protrude about a third above the lower one. If you draw an imaginary vertical line along the face, it will pass between the two central teeth.

Also, the characteristics of a correct bite include the absence of significant gaps between the teeth. Deviation from the norm may be the result of genetic or acquired changes.

Natural and pathological origin

Natural views bites are: orthognathic, bioprognathic, direct, progenic and opisthognostic. An abnormal bite causes significant distortions and asymmetry of the face, as well as disturbances in the functioning of the dentofacial apparatus.

Pathological bite can be of the following types: open, distal, mesial, deep and cross (more details in the article:). All of them contribute to the development of complications and therefore need correction.

Congenital and acquired asymmetry

Congenital asymmetry develops as a result of genetic abnormalities, improper intrauterine formation and development of the skull, underdevelopment of the lower jaw, and improper growth of the joint connecting the jaw to the temporal bone. Also congenital pathologies may be associated with disturbances in the growth of soft and connective tissues on the bone.

Acquired defects appear as a result of mechanical damage, previous inflammatory processes and infectious diseases. They can also be caused by unhealthy habits and improper care of the maxillomuscular system. To the reasons causing development acquired asymmetry are classified as:

• habit of sleeping on one side, development of torticollis in children;
• development of strabismus;
• improperly formed bite, lack of teeth;
• inflammations and infections, furunculosis;
• bone fractures and improper fusion;
• autoimmune diseases of muscle or connective tissue;
• bad facial habits: regular squinting, chewing predominantly on one side, constant use of chewing gum.

In some cases, symmetry is broken abruptly and is a consequence of paresis or complete paralysis of the facial muscles. Such pathologies are characteristic of a stroke.

How to treat?

Treatment directly depends on the reasons that caused the development of the pathology. Minor defects can be easily masked with the help of cosmetics and corrective makeup. To correct minor defects, massage and exercises are used to develop and strengthen the facial muscles. In some cases, these measures are complemented by physical therapy.

In case of serious problems, when the pathology is severe and disfigures the appearance, more radical decisions can be made. Modern medicine has a large number of methods for correcting appearance. A patient with severe asymmetry may be recommended plastic surgery or orthodontic treatment. In cases where facial asymmetry is caused by pinching of the facial nerve, consultation and treatment with a neurologist is prescribed.

Massage

Massage increases blood flow in the facial muscles. As a result of intense exposure, atrophied facial muscles begin to grow and change configuration, which leads to smoothing of defects and positive changes in appearance. Massage should only be performed by a specialist.

To achieve a better effect, myostimulation is also used. This is a massage using special devices that additionally stimulate the facial muscles with weak electrical impulses. Such procedures synchronize the work of the facial muscles and make them work more intensely.

Cosmetology procedures

Cosmetology offers many ways to correct facial defects. Most often they resort to so-called contour plastic surgery. Injected under the skin various materials, allowing you to smooth out or add volume to problem areas. Today, cosmetologists have at their disposal substances synthesized from the natural structural elements of the dermis. Their use is safe, and the body does not reject them.

Filler preparations with hyaluronic acid are used. In some cases, a cosmetologist may recommend Botox injections. This drug neutralizes the ability of the facial muscles to contract, as a result they relax and do not emphasize defects so much.

Plastic surgery

With the help of plastic surgery, pathological changes in the face can be completely corrected. Exist different kinds plastics aimed at eliminating certain problems. These include:

• lipofilling (transplantation of fat tissue to the face from other parts of the body);
• blepharoplasty (eyelid correction);
• mandibuloplasty (correction of the curve of the lower jaw);
• rhinoplasty (nose correction).

Complications due to lack of treatment

Ignoring the problem can lead to the development of various complications:

• uneven grinding of teeth and enamel due to incorrect distribution of chewing load;
• jaw asymmetry;
• early tooth loss;
• disruption of the gastrointestinal tract;
• breathing and diction disorders;
• increased trauma to the oral cavity;
• development of ENT diseases;
• bruxism (we recommend reading:);
• periodontal disease;
• gum recession (more details in the article:).

How to prevent the development of pathology?

Prevention involves closely monitoring the condition of your child’s teeth. You should not think that baby teeth will be replaced by permanent ones, and they will grow normal. Permanent teeth They grow up the same as the milk ones, so the correct formation of the dentition must occur as soon as they appear.

Make sure your child breathes through his nose, does not keep foreign objects in his mouth, includes solid foods in his diet, and does not allow him to pick his mouth or touch growing teeth. It is necessary to undergo regular examinations with a dentist and orthodontist.

Facial asymmetry – physiological state a person in whom the symmetry of the facial part of the skull is disturbed. Facial asymmetry can be congenital. It can occur as a result of injury.

Facial asymmetry is a special case of violation of the symmetry of the human body. In minor parameters, it is a normal, ubiquitous phenomenon in almost every person. How can a phenomenon cause complexes, discomfort, nervous disorders. To some, even being within the normal range, it may seem like a pathological deviation.

Norm and pathology

These two conditions are very easy to distinguish. The norm is characterized by a non-obvious difference; When examining both halves of the face, minor differences are observed. As a rule, on the left side of the face there are more feminine, smoothed features; and they are elongated vertically. The right side is always wider, it looks more courageous, its features are sharper.

There are even quantitative indicators by which facial asymmetry can be more clearly diagnosed. The difference in proportions should not go beyond 2...3 mm and 3°...5°.

In more complex cases, the symptoms of facial asymmetry are more pronounced. For example, if a person has a damaged facial nerve, then the following signs may be present on the affected half of the face:

• the eyelids droop, the corner of the mouth droops; this happens due to weakening of facial muscles;
• the folds that a person usually has in the area of ​​the nose, lips and forehead disappear completely;
• the palpebral fissure becomes wider;
• a pained expression appears;
• the eye does not close completely;
• It is impossible to wrinkle your forehead, nose, or raise your lip.

Causes

The manifestation of facial asymmetry in a person can be caused by congenital or acquired reasons. The extent to which the pathology develops and how it can be eliminated depends on their specific type.

The following conditions usually lead to congenital asymmetry:

• abnormal intrauterine development of the fetus or the influence of genetic predisposition on this;
• pathologies in the development of cranial bones;
• disorders that occur during the development of the joint that attaches the lower jaw to the temple;
• defects that may be in facial tissues;
• developmental delay of the lower jaw.

Acquired asymmetry appears in a person after injury. The cause may be past illnesses, even improper jaw care. Among them the most famous:

• torticollis in children, lying for a long time in one position, without turning over to the other side;
• formation of strabismus;
• processes of an inflammatory or infectious nature, ending in damage to the facial nerve or its pinching;
• fracture of the jaw, facial bones; especially if this happens with their displacement, and in the future they grow together incorrectly;
• diseases of surrounding tissues;
• loss of teeth and malocclusion due to this;
• stroke and, as a consequence, paralysis of the facial muscles.

Even the wrong lifestyle can lead to the appearance of asymmetry on the face. Pathology can develop due to:

• constant squinting of one eye;
• chewing with one jaw;
• regular use of chewing gum;
• "one-sided" dream.

Diagnostics

Facial asymmetry is easily diagnosed - visual inspection, asking the patient about past injuries and inflammatory diseases. In addition, the doctor may resort to measuring facial proportions with special instruments.

If there is a suspicion of damage to the facial nerve as the cause of the pathology, then the patient is sent additionally:

• for a consultation with a neurologist; if necessary, also to an ophthalmologist, dentist, neurosurgeon;
• to neurological full examination using special equipment;
• on a radiograph of the skull.

Treatment

The type of treatment for pathology depends on the cause that caused it. Conservative measures are often sufficient.

For minor pathologies, cosmetics help. When applied correctly, it allows you to eliminate masking of faces. Her arsenal includes makeup and hairstyles, wigs, and for men - false mustaches and beards. Inexpensive methods include muscle massage in the problem area and muscle exercises. Sometimes physiotherapeutic procedures are added to them.

In case of strong asymmetry, which makes the face ugly, radical techniques are used. Correction of pathology can be done by an otrodontist or a surgeon. They perform the necessary plastic surgery of the face, correction of the bones included in it and in the jaw.

Massage for facial asymmetry

The main task of this method of treating facial asymmetry is to make its neuromuscular structures work more intensively. As a result, muscle mass increases, its external configuration changes in the right place and pathology is smoothed out.

To simplify the procedure and increase its effectiveness, muscle myostimulation is performed. This is the same as their massage or gymnastics, but using special devices. The latter affect the nerves and muscles of problem areas with weak electrical signals. As a result, the corresponding muscles begin to work more intensely and synchronously.

Cosmetology

Along with the simplest methods (makeup, hairstyle, wig, false mustache, beards), this area of ​​treatment for facial asymmetry offers more modern achievements. With their help, pathology is not masked, but eliminated by cosmetic procedures.

This is mainly achieved contour plastic surgery. At the same time, special agents are introduced into the layers of the skin and under it, which make it possible to change the shape of the outer surface. Today, fillers containing hyaluronic acid are most often used for this purpose. This substance is made from natural structural elements of the skin and is therefore safe for it.

This technique was further developed in softlifting. It uses the latest filler preparations Voluma, Sub Q with hyaluronic acid. Unlike previously used ones, it is more effective and, most importantly, causes less trauma to facial tissues.

Some patients, according to indications, are offered to eliminate facial asymmetry with Botox. Once injected into the facial muscles, the drug makes them immune to nerve impulses. As a result, they relax, stop contracting and highlighting the pathology.

Plastic surgery

Methods reconstructive surgery used for significant pathologies. Today there is whole line techniques and operations that allow a patient to completely and permanently eliminate facial asymmetry:

• blephoplasty: with this operation, the patient, if necessary, changes the shape of the eyes and the shape of the eyelids; During the operation, excess body fat and skin;
• lipofilling: the essence of this operation is to transplant adipose tissue to problem areas on the face; it is taken from the patient in other areas of his body; This technique corrects the shape of the chin and cheekbones; use it to change the contours and size of the lips;
• lifting: using this technique, facial skin is tightened, thus leveling its asymmetry;
• Rhinoplasty: The purpose of these surgeries is to correct the position or shape of the nose.

For neuritis

When the cause of the pathology is neuritis, which develops due to problems with the facial nerve, the patient must be examined, determining the electrical activity of the facial muscles, assessing the conductivity of the nerve endings. Based on the results, soft tissue massage and myostimulation are prescribed to combat facial asymmetry. Among the effective treatment measures are certain physical procedures.

Complications

Pathology neglected due to lack of treatment can lead to a deterioration in the patient’s condition. This is expressed by the appearance pain in muscles (especially when they are tense all the time), in hearing loss, in the inability to eat normally.

In addition to what is noted, it often worsens mental condition patient. He becomes aggressive and nervous. He often becomes depressed and withdraws into himself.

Postoperative complications are possible. Failed operations leads to changes in facial expressions. The patient begins to get sick more often inflammatory diseases. He may develop a nervous tic.

Prevention

The development of facial asymmetry can be prevented or reduced. Prevention of pathology consists of:

• V in the right way life;
• in regular visits to the dentist;
• visiting (if necessary) an orthodontist;
• giving up bad habits;
• not delaying contacting a doctor at the first manifestations of pathology.