Symptoms and methods of treatment of chronic duodenitis. How to recognize and treat exacerbation of duodenitis

Chronic duodenitis is a disease of the duodenum, in which the structure of the organ is disrupted and it is depleted upper layer. Often manifests itself due to the occurrence of other inflammatory processes in the gastrointestinal tract or may be a consequence of proper nutrition. Because the disorder is chronic, it alternates between periods of exacerbation and remission of symptoms. This is why it is necessary to go through long-term treatment, and stick to a special diet throughout your life.

In medicine, there are several theories about whether it is worth using folk remedies in treatment or not, so you should not resort to self-therapy without first consulting with your doctor.

The main signs of the disease are abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, increased sweating, trembling fingers upper limbs. Despite the fact that this is one of the most common pathologies of the duodenum, as an independent disease it is quite rare - very often chronic duodenitis is accompanied. For men, this disorder is typical in to a greater extent than for women. This is due to the fact that such a disease is often the first sign of the onset, which very often affects the middle-aged male population.

Etiology

Since the occurrence chronic duodenitis is closely related to other pathological processes of the gastrointestinal tract; there are many reasons why it can manifest itself. These include:

• , especially of a chronic nature;
• difficult mobility of the pelvic organs;
• inability to hold urine when there is a strong urge;
• chronic gastritis - high acid content causes it to damage the intestinal walls. This leads to thinning of the mucous membrane;
• chronic disorders of the functioning of organs such as the pancreas, liver and gallbladder;
• Helicobacter pylori infection.

In addition, there are a number of factors that contribute to the expression of this disease:

• prolonged exposure to stressful situations;
• following strict diets;
• allergic reactions to certain foods;
• hormonal imbalance;
• abuse of nicotine and alcoholic beverages;
• excessive use of medications without the need or prescription of the attending physician;
• absorption large quantity spicy dishes.

It is these predisposing factors, when exposed over a long period, that lead to disruption of blood supply to the organs involved in the digestive process. Because of this, their resistance to inflammatory processes decreases.

Varieties

Chronic duodenitis can occur in several forms:

• superficial – insignificant, no more three months, inflammation of the duodenal mucosa;
• atrophic – in which thinning of the membrane occurs, which disrupts the secretion of this organ;
• erosive - the appearance of erosions and small ulcers on the mucous membrane.

Depending on the spread of inflammation, chronic duodenitis can be:

• total – the entire duodenum is affected;
• limited - only some parts of the organ are exposed to the pathological process.

By phases:

• exacerbation;
• remission or resolution of symptoms.

Depending on which symptoms predominate, the disease is distinguished:

• gastritis-like;
• ulcer-like;
• cholecyst-like;
• pancreatic-like;
• mixed;
• hidden, in which a person may not be aware that he is a carrier of such an illness.

Symptoms

The course of chronic duodenitis is much easier than its other form. The pain in such cases is constant, but not pronounced. Other symptoms of a chronic disease include:

• attacks of nausea ending in vomiting;
• acute pain in the upper abdomen (increases after eating);
• a significant decrease in appetite, which often leads to a decrease in body weight, sometimes to critical levels;
• in some cases pain from epigastric region may move to the back;
• severe dizziness;
• general weakness of the body;
• slight increase in body temperature;
• the appearance of belching;
• the skin and whites of the eyes acquire a yellowish tint;
• trembling in the fingers of the upper limbs;
• violations nervous system;
• increased sweating;
• increase in heart rate;
• appearance white plaque on the tongue;
• diarrhea;
• heartburn, regardless of the food consumed.

The disease most often manifests itself with several of the symptoms described above.

Diagnostics

In order for the doctor to prescribe correct treatment, it is necessary to carry out diagnostics. It is not difficult for doctors to determine the presence of this disorder during examination, but since it has many forms and is absent specific symptoms, it is necessary to conduct additional examinations:

• examination of the esophagus, stomach and duodenum using gastroscopy;
• a biopsy, in which a small piece of affected tissue is taken for subsequent laboratory tests;
• Ultrasound – performed to determine the condition of internal organs;
• study of gastric juice;
• examination of the upper gastrointestinal tract;
• probing;
• a breath test that will help determine the presence of a bacterium such as Helicobacter pylori in the body;
• PCR research will help establish the nature of the occurrence of this disease.

Treatment

Treatment of chronic duodenitis, similar to diagnosis, consists of a set of measures:

• eliminating symptoms with various medications;
• enriching the body with vitamins and proteins;
• prescribing antidepressants (for long-term exacerbation);
• following a special diet;
• treatment with folk remedies is possible only after approval of the advisability of taking them by a doctor.

An important role in treatment is played by diet, which includes:

• refusal of spicy and fatty foods;
• eat food in small portions five to six times a day. Food should not be too hot or cold;
• intake of lean meat and fish in any quantity;
• first courses made from rice, buckwheat or semolina;
• limited consumption of eggs. You can eat only hard-boiled eggs, or omelettes made exclusively from proteins;
• dairy products and cottage cheese;
• eat bread only in the form of dried bread or crackers;
• drink large quantities of weak teas or fresh juices.

The diet prohibits the use of:

• smoked sausages;
• pickles;
• bakery products;
• fatty meat and broths made from it;
• sour cream and cream;
• sweet carbonated drinks;
• cabbage, radish, radish, onion, garlic;
• ice cream;
• grapes

In addition to diet, you can use folk remedies, which include recipes from:

• a mixture of aloe leaves, red wine and honey;
• propolis and alcohol;
• celery juice;
• potato decoctions and juices;
• sea ​​buckthorn oil;
• chamomile and dandelion tea;
• valerian, anise fruit and calamus root;
• decoction of calendula flowers;
• jelly from oatmeal.

But do not forget that folk remedies for the treatment of chronic duodenitis can only be used after consultation with a specialist.

TO surgical methods Treatments are sought extremely rarely and only in cases where all of the above treatment methods have not helped.

Prevention

It is extremely important to carry out preventive measures for chronic duodenitis, as they will help to avoid frequent recurrence of exacerbations of symptoms. To do this you need:

• lead healthy image life. Drinking alcohol and smoking are prohibited even in small quantities;
• give up acute and fatty foods and adhere to a non-strict but effective diet;
• promptly treat diseases of the gastrointestinal tract;
• undergo a preventive examination several times a year;
• use folk remedies (after approval by your doctor).

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Answer only if you have proven medical knowledge

Diseases with similar symptoms:

Jaundice is a pathological process, the formation of which is influenced by a high concentration of bilirubin in the blood. The disease can be diagnosed in both adults and children. Any disease can cause such a pathological condition, and they are all completely different.

Duodenitis - inflammation of the mucous membrane of the twelve duodenum. The pathological process can affect individual areas of the organ or be observed over the entire surface. The disease leads to changes in the functioning of the duodenum: increased levels of acidity, spontaneous flow of bile from the pancreas, disruption of the process of food ingestion. In the absence of timely treatment in adults and children, the pathology becomes chronic.

Causes

Intestinal duodenitis is a disease the main causes of which are concomitant internal pathologies, as well as the influence of external factors.

Internal:

• entry of pathogenic bacteria (Helicobacter pylori), infections;
• stomach ulcer, duodenal ulcer;
• gastritis;
• pancreatitis;
• colitis;
• enteritis;
• cholecystitis;
• hepatitis;
• advanced form of acute duodenitis;
• chronic pathology of the biliary tract;
• renal failure;
• cirrhosis of the liver;
• chronic constipation;
• diseases of the cardiovascular system.

• poor nutrition;
• regular consumption of coffee, strong tea;
• constant inclusion in the diet of foods high in carbohydrates and fats;
• side effects after taking medications;
• abuse of alcohol, tobacco products;
• food allergic reaction;
• ingress of foreign objects;
• chemical burn of the mucous membrane;
• exposure to stress.

Secondary duodenitis occurs as a concomitant or independent disease in chronic, acute forms of pathologies of the gastrointestinal tract, pancreas, gall bladder, liver, and kidneys. Common internal cause– entry of pathogenic bacteria that provoke an inflammatory process of the mucous membrane.

The spread of the virus contributes to the formation of erosions, scar deformities, and disruption of the natural microflora of the small intestine. Primary duodenitis of the stomach and duodenum is caused by poor diet and abuse of bad habits.

Classification of the disease

There are types of duodenitis of the duodenum according to the following parameters.

Cause:

• primary;
• secondary.

Form of the disease:

• acute;
• chronic.

Nature of the lesion:

• superficial (non-atrophic);
• ulcerative (hypertrophic);
• erythematous;
• hemorrhagic;
• nodular (follicular);
• atrophic;
• hyperplastic.

Location:

• focal;
• diffuse.

Clinical signs:

• gastritis-like;
• ulcer-like;
• cholecyst-like;
• pancreatic;
• asymptomatic.

The primary form of the disease is caused by external factors (diet, alcohol abuse, stress), the secondary form is caused by internal pathologies. A rare occurrence is reactive duodenitis. The disease occurs due to side effects from taking non-steroidal drugs. medications. The acute type of duodenitis is characterized by irregular sudden attacks, chronic manifests itself constantly, has pronounced symptomatic signs.

Pathologies - an inflammatory process of the mucous membrane, characterized by swelling and an increase in the size of the duodenum. Thickening of the walls leads to disruption of motor and enzymatic functions. Only the surface layer undergoes changes. Ulcerative duodenitis is characterized by the formation of erosions, cicatricial deformations on the mucous membrane due to surgical interventions, sepsis, thrombotic lesions of veins.

Peculiarity hemorrhagic form– detection of hemorrhages. Follicular duodenitis is characterized by the presence of small, nodular neoplasms. The atrophic form of the pathology is characterized by thinning of the mucous membrane of the duodenum and transillumination of the vessels.

The hyperplastic variety is characterized by growth connective tissue.

The inflammatory process can be localized in any part of the organ. Focal duodenitis has several types of pathology:

• proximal;
• distal;
• local.

In the proximal form of the disease, damage to the intestinal bulb occurs. Distal duodenitis is characterized by inflammation of the bulbous parts of the organ. The local form is characterized by damage to the mucous membrane duodenal papilla. When the entire duodenum is inflamed, total (diffuse) duodenitis is diagnosed.

An additional classifying sign of pathology is clinical manifestations. Symptoms of the disease in adults with duodenitis may coincide with gastritis in the acute phase, ulcers, inflammation of the pancreas and bile secretion.

Clinical signs

Symptoms occur suddenly or appear constantly. Regularity depends on the form of pathology, concomitant diseases gastrointestinal tract, abdominal organs. The main factors provoking the manifestation of symptoms are overeating, consumption alcoholic products, stressful situations. Similar symptoms duodenitis with other inflammatory pathologies make it difficult timely diagnosis diseases, prescription of effective therapy.

The main clinical manifestations are:

• pain in the abdomen (epigastric part), right hypochondrium;
• indigestion: feeling of heaviness, fullness in the stomach after eating, bloating;
• belching with a bitter taste;
• heartburn;
• increased gas formation;
• nausea;
• vomiting mixed with bile;
• increased body temperature;
• yellow color of the skin;
• constipation, diarrhea;
• weakness;
• lack of appetite;
• irritability.

The nature of pain with duodenitis depends on the form of the disease and the degree of damage. During exacerbation chronic variety pathology, dull spasms are observed constantly several hours after eating. The acute form has a pronounced pain syndrome in the epigastric region.

With the gastritis-like variety, spasms radiating to the back and left rib, are localized in the upper epigastric part. With pancreatic-like inflammation pain syndrome is encircling in nature. Distal duodenitis is characterized by spasms in the right hypochondrium, which appear after eating fatty, fried food. Ulcerative variety characterized severe pain, having a pronounced character, on an empty stomach or at night.

During attacks that are disguised as manifestations of a stomach ulcer, it is observed copious discharge sweat, rapid heartbeat, feeling of hunger, frequent loose stools. Bitter belching and vomiting with bile are characteristic of obstruction of the contents of the duodenum. Digestive disorders provoke stagnation of food, as a result – the process of fermentation and rotting.

Lack of timely treatment of duodenitis in adults leads to atrophy of the mucous membrane, failure to digest nutrients, which negatively affects the functioning of the nervous system. Characteristic symptomatic signs of the process are dizziness, tremors of the upper extremities, and hormonal deficiency. In older people, clinical manifestations of the pathology may not be observed. Duodenitis in children younger age accompanied by frequent regurgitation, irregular bowel movements, and tearfulness.

Diagnosis of the disease

Correct treatment of duodenitis depends on the diagnostic results. The first method is palpation, with which the doctor can determine the localization zone of the duodenal lesion.

Main diagnostic methods are:

• fibrogastroduodenoscopy;
• duodenoscopy;
• acidity level measurement;
• radiography;
• endoscopy;
• Ultrasound examination of the duodenum.

Instrumental examination is preceded by passing laboratory tests. Blood is taken to determine the content of chlorides, glucose, potassium, magnesium, the amount of proteins, and sodium. Stool analysis allows you to determine the presence internal bleeding, erosions, ulcerative formations.

Fibrogastroduodenoscopy is a diagnostic method characterized by examination of the mucous membrane of the duodenum, stomach and esophagus using a probe with optical camera. With duodenitis, swelling, redness of the walls, and the presence of scar deformities or follicles are observed. The procedure allows you to determine the location of inflammation and the nature of the lesion. During diagnosis, biological material is collected to identify possible malignant or benign cancerous tumors. Duodenoscopic sounding allows us to identify the cause of the inflammatory process.

Acidity levels are measured to assess the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract. Radiography involves the introduction contrast agent to study the lumen of the duodenum. With duodenitis, the pictures show narrowing due to swelling of the mucous membrane, folding, and blockage of the intestinal walls. Endoscopy is prescribed for a detailed study of the nature of the lesion. Additional diagnostic methods are computed tomography, magnetic resonance therapy, electrocardiography, and biochemical tests for the presence of bacteria and infections.

Treatment of pathology

Duodenopathy is an inflammation of the duodenum, which can be treated in several ways:

• taking medications;
• application of traditional medicine methods.

Therapy is aimed at removing acute attack, preventing the occurrence of a chronic form of the disease, restoring the functioning of the duodenum, normalizing the digestive process.

Taking medications

It is possible to cure duodenitis with the use of medications. The main drugs are:

• antispasmodics;
• antibiotics;
• means of enveloping, protective action;
• antacids;
• alginates;
• inhibitors proton pump;
• antibacterial, anti-inflammatory drugs;
• enzymes;
• prokinetics;
• vitamin complex;
• psychotropic drugs.

Treatment with antispasmodic medications is aimed at eliminating pain, relaxation of the intestinal muscles. Antibiotics wide range prescribed for infectious nature of the disease. Antacids, alginates, proton pump inhibitors normalize acid-base balance in organism. Enveloping drugs reduce the irritant effect on the mucous membrane of the duodenum. Enzyme preparations recommended to be taken to normalize the digestion process, assimilation useful substances. Prokinetics have a beneficial effect on intestinal motility and promote rapid passage of food. Vitamin complexes in tablets are aimed at strengthening the immune system.

Therapeutic diet

Prescribing proper nutrition is a mandatory treatment regimen for duodenitis. The diet includes the consumption of permitted foods: cereals, soups, eggs, lean varieties meat, crackers, vegetable oil, butter, low-fat dairy products, boiled vegetables, baked fruits, jelly, juices.

The basic rules of proper nutrition are:

• fractional consumption of food;
• compliance temperature regime dishes;
• products must be pureed, slimy, crushed;
• meat and fish are served boiled, baked, or boiled;
• refusal of fatty, fried, smoked, spicy foods;
• exclusion from the diet of non-thermally processed vegetables and fruits.

2 days after an exacerbation of the pathology must be observed therapeutic fasting. The duration of the diet is at least 3 weeks. It is recommended to start introducing new products gradually. It is advisable to start consuming meat products 2 weeks after the manifestations of the pathology.

ethnoscience

Traditional medicine is aimed at eliminating pain that occurs after eating, improving the production of digestive juices, and healing the mucous membrane of the duodenum.

Effective means are:

• medicinal infusions and decoctions of tansy, cloves, wormwood, dandelion, peppermint, lemon balm;
• chamomile tea;
• oatmeal jelly;
• flax seeds.

If forms of duodenitis are not treated in a timely manner, intestinal obstruction, peptic ulcer disease, and impaired absorption of nutrients may occur. To avoid dangerous complications, it is necessary to eat properly and avoid bad habits, undergo regular medical examinations.

The information on our website is provided by qualified doctors and is for informational purposes only. Don't self-medicate! Be sure to consult a specialist!

Gastroenterologist, professor, doctor medical sciences. Prescribes diagnostics and carries out treatment. Expert of the group for the study of inflammatory diseases. Author of more than 300 scientific papers.

The human intestine consists of several sections, one of them is the duodenum. Its most common diseases include duodenitis. It develops in representatives of all age groups, even in children. About 5 out of 10 people have experienced symptoms of duodenitis at least once. In males, the disease is diagnosed 2 times more often. This is due to an addiction to alcohol and unhealthy food, and lifestyle.

Physiology

Inflammatory diseases can occur in each part of the intestine. The duodenum is an intermediate section between the stomach and small intestine. Because of this location, she is exposed to a double risk of infection - upward path from the lower intestinal sections and descending along with the contents of the stomach.

Duodenitis is an inflammation of the duodenum. Most often the mucous membrane of this organ suffers.

According to the stages and duration of the course, duodenitis is divided into acute and chronic.

• Acute duodenitis. It occurs unexpectedly, proceeds brightly and can pass quite quickly. The disease causes superficial inflammation of the mucous membrane, which can lead to the formation of erosions, ulcers, and sometimes phlegmon. With proper therapy and diet, it is possible to get rid of it in a few weeks. If inflammation occurs again, there is a high probability of the disease becoming chronic. According to statistics, this happens in 90% of cases.
• Chronic duodenitis. This form The disease lasts for a long time and has mild clinical manifestations. It can be an independent disease or the result of other pathologies (pancreatitis, cholecystitis, peptic ulcer, gastritis). The disease can lead to the formation of deep erosions and thinning of the upper layer of the intestine. From time to time, such duodenitis worsens, causing indigestion and severe pain. With this form of the disease, diet and long-term drug treatment are necessary.

It is also customary to divide duodenitis depending on the location of foci of inflammation. He can be:

• Local – distal damage (postbulbar duodenitis), proximal (bulbit), inflammation major papilla(polyp).
• Diffuse or widespread.

The disease is also classified according to the depth of damage to the mucous membrane. On this basis it is divided into:

1. superficial duodenitis – it is characterized by swelling and hyperemia;
2. atrophic – its sign is thinning and absence of mucous membrane in the area of ​​inflammation;
3. interstitial - with it inflammation penetrates into the deep layers;
4. erosive duodenitis – this form of the disease is characterized by the formation of wounds and erosions on the intestinal walls.

A separate group includes specific duodenitis that developed against the background of tuberculosis, Crohn's disease, fungal infections, immunodeficiency conditions and other diseases.

Symptoms and clinical manifestations

Signs of duodenitis largely depend on the cause of the disease, as well as the presence or absence of concomitant diseases of the digestive system. Inflammation of the upper section can pass without much severe symptoms, however, more often they manifest themselves periodically or constantly.

The following complaints should be the reason to consult a doctor:

• Pain in the upper center of the abdomen.
• Discomfort in the abdomen. Most often, the feeling of overeating and heaviness in the stomach occurs after meals.
• Indigestion. Due to disruption of synthesis digestive enzymes the contents of the intestines begin to ferment and rot. This process is usually accompanied by decreased appetite, diarrhea, increased gas formation, rumbling in the stomach, nausea.
• General weakness and increased fatigue. These are signs of intoxication of the body, which is caused by decay products. The acute form of the disease may also be accompanied by an increase in body temperature.
• Bitter belching. Vomiting with bile is also possible. These signs are associated with the fact that with duodenitis of the duodenum, its contents do not move into the intestine, the intestine becomes overcrowded and food is thrown into the stomach.
• Disturbances in the functioning of the nervous system. With prolonged duodenitis, atrophy of the mucous membranes, as well as the glands that produce enzymes, develops. Such pathologies lead to a deterioration in the absorption of food, as a result of which a person begins to experience a lack of nutrients. To improve digestion, the body increases blood flow to the intestines and stomach, but at the same time it becomes worse blood circulation in the lower extremities and brain. The so-called dumping syndrome occurs, the signs of which are a feeling of heat in the upper part of the body, drowsiness, weakness, dizziness, tinnitus, trembling in the hands, hormonal deficiency develops, in turn, this negatively affects the functioning of the autonomic nervous system.
• Jaundice of the skin. During inflammatory processes in the papilla of Vater and narrowing of the bile duct, bile does not exit into the intestine, overflows the gallbladder, and then enters the blood.

Pain may vary depending on the form of the disease. In such situations, the general symptoms of duodenitis are supplemented by the following signs:

• With duodenitis associated with impaired patency of the duodenum, pain occurs when the intestines are full. They are paroxysmal in nature and can be acute twisting or bursting.
• Inflammation in the area of ​​the papilla of Vater leads to disruption of the outflow of bile, so the disease is also accompanied by signs renal colic – acute pain in the left or right hypochondrium.
• Chronic duodenitis is characterized by dull pain, which can intensify after eating food after 1-2 hours. This is due to swelling and inflammation of the intestinal wall.
• When the cause of the disease is gastritis with high acidity, pain appears approximately a quarter of an hour after eating. They are caused by the entry into the intestines of food mixed with acidic gastric juice.
• With ulcerative duodenitis, which is caused by the bacteria Helicobacter pylori, intense pain occurs on an empty stomach.
• When inflammation covers the lower areas of the intestine, the pain “moves” from the stomach area below, to the large and small intestine.

Causes of pathology

The main cause of duodenitis is damage to the duodenal mucosa. In most cases, this happens when gastric contents enter it with high concentration acids. After penetration into the intestines, acidic gastric juice causes irritation of its mucous layer, which causes acute inflammation.

Secondary duodenitis accompanies diseases of the stomach, liver, gall bladder, etc. Often occurs due to food retention in the duodenum. Leads to this decreased tone walls of the intestinal tube (duodenostasis). Because of this, the contents of the stomach remain in the upper section for a long time, which negatively affects the mucous membrane.

The following factors contribute to the occurrence of acute duodenitis:

• abuse of food and drinks that irritate the mucous membranes digestive organs– smoked, spicy, fried, fatty, coffee, alcohol;
• food poisoning;
• mucosal damage foreign objects, for example, ingestion of indigestible food particles.
• entry into the duodenum of infections - staphylococci, Helicobacter pylori, clostridia, enterococci;
• diseases of the digestive organs - peptic ulcer, pancreatitis, cirrhosis, hepatitis, colitis;

The following leads to the development of chronic duodenitis:

• chronic diseases of the stomach, for example, gastritis with high acidity, in this case, hydrochloric acid, acting on the intestinal walls, gradually damages its cells, which causes thinning of the mucous membrane;
• intestinal dysfunction - poor peristalsis, impaired innervation, adhesions, chronic constipation;
• chronic diseases of the gallbladder, liver, pancreas, pathologies of these organs disrupt the flow of enzymes into the duodenum, as a result protective properties intestines decrease and malfunctions occur.

There are also a number of predisposing factors that, acting over a long period of time, lead to the occurrence of a chronic form of the disease and periodic inflammation of duodenitis. These include:

• unhealthy and irregular diet;
• bad habits;
• severe stress;
• chronic diseases of various organs;
• taking certain medications.

Diagnosis of the disease

If you have any of the above symptoms, you should visit a gastroenterologist. After collecting anamnestic data and palpating the abdomen, the doctor may suspect intestinal duodenitis. However, to make a more accurate diagnosis, clarify the nature of the disease and exclude other diseases, laboratory and instrumental examinations are required. Laboratory research usually include a stool test and a blood test.

Instrumental studies for duodenitis usually use the following:

• Fibrogastroduodenoscopy – a probe equipped with a video camera is inserted into the patient’s mouth. This allows you to inspect internal surfaces stomach, esophagus and duodenum.
• X-ray contrast study - the patient takes a fluoroscopic substance, after which several x-rays. This procedure allows you to clearly view the lumen of the duodenum.
• Radiography is the most painless examination that is well tolerated by patients. However, it does not make it possible to detect changes in the mucous membrane, but only allows you to see gross disturbances in the functioning of the organ.

Instrumental examinations allow us to identify the type of disease:

• swelling of the duodenal mucosa;
• uniform redness of the mucous membrane - indicates superficial or catarrhal duodenitis;
• smoothing of folds - occurs with reduced intestinal tone;
• focal or uniform atrophy of the mucous membranes - indicates an atrophic form of the disease;
• small nodules – nodular inflammation of the duodenum;
• star-shaped hemorrhages – typical for the hemorrhagic form of the disease;
• ulcers or erosions on the mucosa are a symptom of erosive duodenitis or duodenal ulcers.

Also, with the help of research, it is possible to determine what caused the disease, this will subsequently simplify treatment and minimize the risk of relapse.

Features of treatment

How to treat duodenitis depends on many factors - the form of the disease, the nature of its course, the presence of concomitant diseases. The basis of therapy is:

• Taking medications. Depending on the form of the disease, proton pump inhibitors, antacids, antibiotics, multienzyme drugs, prokinetics, H2-histamine blockers, and antispasmodics may be prescribed.
• Dieting. Nutrition plays an important role in the successful treatment of duodenitis. In case of acute or exacerbation of a chronic disease, the patient is prescribed a very strict diet for 3-5 days, consisting of pureed soups, mucous decoctions of cereals, and liquid milk porridges. In the future, the diet expands somewhat.
• Physiotherapeutic procedures. They are used as an auxiliary therapy and only outside of exacerbation of the disease. Similar procedures activate blood supply and lymph flow to the abdominal organs, reduce pain, improve secretory function, reduce inflammation.

What diet is prescribed for duodenitis?

Successful treatment inflammation of the duodenum, impossible without therapeutic nutrition. It, like taking medications, is an integral part of therapy.

A diet for duodenitis helps reduce inflammation, promotes the healing of wounds, ulcers and erosions, and reduces pain.

Nutrition in the first days after an exacerbation

During the first 3-5 days after the onset of acute or exacerbation of chronic duodenitis, the patient must follow a very strict diet. It provides maximum protection of the gastrointestinal mucosa from mechanical, temperature and chemical irritation. Therefore, foods and dishes that are poorly digested, stimulate secretion, have a strong effect on the walls of the stomach and intestines, as well as cold and hot foods are completely eliminated from the diet. All food consumed should have a liquid or mushy consistency.

The menu is allowed to include only the following dishes and products:

1. Soups. They should be pureed and slimy. It is recommended to cook soups in water with rice, oatmeal and semolina; you can add an egg-milk mixture, butter, and cream.
2. Dairy products. Of these, only milk, cream, steamed soufflé made from non-acidic pureed cottage cheese are allowed.
3. Meat and fish dishes. These products should be cooked only after grinding (passed through a meat grinder several times). You can make soufflé or puree from fish and meat (rabbit, turkey, chicken, veal, beef).
4. Side dishes. Only liquid pureed porridges made from buckwheat and rice or liquid porridges made from oatmeal, buckwheat and rice flour are allowed. You can add milk, butter, and cream to these dishes.
5. Beverages. Sweet juices diluted with water, rosehip decoction, weak tea with milk.
6. Sweet dishes. You can eat sweet jelly from berries, fruits or milk, honey, jelly, sugar.

Cooking food is only allowed by steaming or boiling. Meals for duodenitis should be fractional - you need to eat food at least 6 times a day in small portions.

• Coarse cereals - pearl barley, barley, corn, millet.
• Bread, pastry, any bakery and pasta products.
• Smoked meats, sauces, pickles, marinades, canned food, everything spicy.
• Stewed and fried dishes.
• Carbonated drinks, strong coffee, cocoa, tea, kvass, compotes, concentrated and sour juices.
• Fermented milk products (except those allowed), sharp cheeses.
• Broths of fish, mushrooms, meat.
• Sour berries and fruits.
• Vegetables, especially raw ones, the most undesirable are legumes, spinach, radishes, White cabbage, radish, turnip, tomatoes, cucumbers, onions, sorrel.
• All types of alcohol.

Meals in the following days

On days 4-6 after exacerbation of duodenitis, the diet expands. During this period, nutrition for inflammation of the duodenum may differ slightly, depending on the form and characteristics of the course of the disease, the attending physician should tell you in detail about it. However, there are general recommendations which it is advisable for all patients to adhere to. They are as follows:

1. All food consumed must be at a neutral temperature; hot and cold are not allowed.
2. You should eat at approximately the same time, at least 5-6 times a day, in small portions. The interval between meals should not be more than 4 hours; skipping meals is very undesirable.
3. Preference should be given to pureed or well-cooked liquid and semi-liquid dishes; consumption of soft, without rough connective tissue, meat and fish in whole pieces is allowed.
4. The diet should be made up of simple dishes, with a minimum number of ingredients.
5. The preferred method of preparing dishes is steaming or boiling; baking is allowed, but such food should be consumed without a crust.
6. Eating must be stopped 1.5 hours before bedtime; before going to bed, you can drink a glass of milk.
7. You need to chew your food thoroughly, this will improve its mechanical processing and speed up the onset of satiety.

The diet for duodenitis allows the consumption of all dishes and products allowed in the first days after an exacerbation; in addition to them, the following can be added to the diet:

• Puree vegetable soups, vegetable puree, weak meat broths.
• Boiled or steamed vegetables;
• Fermented milk products - yogurt, kefir, yogurt:
• Small pasta;
• Fruits without seeds and peels, baked and mashed, or jelly made from them;
• Dried bread, crackers, dry biscuits;
• Mousses, jam, caramel in small quantities;
• Lean meat and fish, in whole pieces, the meat must be cleaned of tendons and skin;
• Vegetable and fruit juices are especially useful with a high content of vitamin C;
• Weak tea with milk, herbal teas, fruit drinks.

If you have duodenitis, you should definitely avoid stimulating foods. gastric secretion and products containing coarse plant fibers. The following is prohibited:

• Fresh bread, pastries, muffins, puff pastry products;
• Strong broths from fish, mushrooms, meat;
• Vegetable soups such as borscht, cabbage soup, rassolnik, okroshka;
• Fatty poultry (goose, duck) and fish (mackerel), fatty, tough, stringy meat;
• Any canned food, pickles, marinades.
• Fried foods, smoked foods;
• Onions, peppers, horseradish, garlic, mustard;
• White cabbage, rutabaga, sorrel, turnip, daikon, radish, radish;
• Barley, pearl barley, millet cereals, legumes;
• Raw fruits and vegetables;
• Butter creams, ice cream, sweets, chocolate;
• Carbonated drinks, cocoa, coffee, alcohol.

It is recommended to adhere to such a diet for duodenitis from two weeks to a month (the exact time of the diet should be determined by the doctor). After this, the diet can be expanded even further - add high-quality sausages (not smoked), crumbly cereals, raw fruits, vegetable salads. And here harmful products, which negatively affect the gastrointestinal tract, should be removed from your life forever. First of all, this applies to smoked meats, fatty and fried foods, fast food, a variety of snacks, store-bought semi-finished products and, of course, alcohol. It would also be a good idea to quit smoking.

Folk remedies

Depending on the type of duodenitis, appropriate treatment tactics are selected. Typically, the basis of therapy is special diet and medications. Treatment of duodenitis with folk remedies is also acceptable. However, in no case should they replace traditional therapy; they can only be used as a supplement and only after consultation with a specialist.

Before starting treatment for duodenitis, it is necessary to confirm the diagnosis. Due to the fact that this disease has symptoms similar to those of many other diseases digestive system, only a specialist can do this.

In addition to making a diagnosis, the doctor will give the necessary recommendations for treatment. If you have duodenitis, in addition to taking medications, you must follow a diet. Without this measure, treatment may be ineffective. Special nutrition will help restore the duodenum and promote a speedy recovery. It involves the complete exclusion from the diet of food that can mechanically or chemically injure the mucous membranes, as well as poorly digestible and secretion-stimulating dishes and products.

Herbs with anti-inflammatory and regenerating properties show good results in the treatment of both acute and chronic duodenitis. These include chamomile, calendula, yarrow, St. John's wort and others. Will also be useful for this disease medicinal plants that has a sedative effect, for example, valerian, lemon balm. All these herbs can be taken separately, but they give a much better effect as part of a mixture. Let's look at some of them:

• Mix mint leaves, chamomile and oregano in equal proportions. Pour 20 grams of the mixture into a glass of boiling water, leave it for 40 minutes, then strain. You need to take this remedy for two weeks in the evening and in the morning; in addition, you can drink it during the day as tea.
• Combine 2 parts each of calendula and chamomile and 1 part each of fennel fruit and cumin seeds. Pour a glass of water into a small saucepan, bring it to a boil, then add a teaspoon of the prepared mixture. Boil the product for about five minutes over low heat, after cooling, strain it and drink. This decoction should be taken twice a day.
• Mix equal amounts of nettle leaves, yarrow herb and buckthorn bark. Immerse a teaspoon of the mixture in a glass of boiling water, after forty minutes, strain the mixture and drink. Traditional treatment duodenitis with this remedy should be continued for two weeks. The infusion should be taken morning and evening.
• Mix 2 parts each of fennel fruits, nettles, chamomile and 1 part each of licorice, calamus rhizomes and oregano. Pour 50 grams of the mixture with a liter of boiling water and simmer the mixture for half an hour over low heat. Leave the broth to infuse for 3 hours, then strain. Take the product three times a day, 150 ml.

Aloe products

This indoor plant has a pronounced anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and wound-healing effect. So that aloe fully opens its beneficial features, it must be prepared correctly. Before trimming the leaves, it is advisable not to water the flower for 3 days. The cut leaves should be washed well, dried, wrapped in paper and placed for a week on the bottom shelf of the refrigerator. If it is needed urgent treatment, you can do without such preparation.

Recipes with aloe:

• Oatmeal decoction with aloe. Squeeze the juice from the aloe leaf. Combine two tablespoons of oatmeal with 300 ml. water and leave for half an hour. After this, boil the oatmeal over low heat for 20 minutes. Strain the resulting porridge so that only a slimy broth remains. When the broth has cooled, mix it with 50 ml. prepared aloe juice. This remedy should be taken half a glass 30 minutes before meals three times a day. It can be stored for no more than a day in the refrigerator.
• Aloe drink. This tool well suited for the treatment of chronic duodenitis. To prepare it you need 500 grams of aloe leaves and 0.5 liters of liquid honey (thick honey can be melted) and red wine. Grind the aloe using a blender or meat grinder, then squeeze the juice out of the resulting pulp. Mix the juice with other ingredients, pour the mixture into a dark glass container and place in the refrigerator for a week. During this time, shake it periodically. This folk remedy for duodenitis should be taken after meals, an hour later, three times a day according to the following scheme: 1 week, 1 teaspoon, 2-3 weeks, 1 tablespoon, 4 weeks, again, 1 teaspoon, in this amount the drink should be taken for another month.

Treatment with jelly

If you have duodenitis, it is very useful to consume jelly, and you can drink it from the first days after the onset of the disease. Especially good effect they give for superficial and erosive duodenitis. Medicinal jelly is prepared from different products, which have healing properties, with the only exception being cranberries. Rosehip jelly will be especially useful. To prepare it:

1. Pour a glass of fruit into a liter jar, fill the container to the top with boiling water and leave for an hour.
2. Drain the liquid from the jar into a separate container, combine the remaining fruits with half a liter of water, boil for a quarter of an hour, then let the broth cool.
3. Remove the rose hips, chop them, then squeeze the juice out of them using gauze folded in several layers.
4. Pour the infusion, juice and broth into one pan and put on fire.
5. When the liquid boils, pour starch diluted in a small amount of water into it in a thin stream.

Drink jelly throughout the day, regardless of meals.

You can treat duodenitis with folk remedies made from oats. This product also suitable for making jelly. To do this, pour a glass of oats into a saucepan, fill it with 5 glasses of water and place on the fire. Cook the mixture over low heat until it acquires a slimy consistency. Cool the finished product and strain. To improve it therapeutic properties You can add nettle leaves to it. To do this, steam a tablespoon of dry leaves with a glass of boiling water. After forty minutes, remove the leaves, chop thoroughly and add to oatmeal jelly. The remaining infusion can be consumed instead of tea.

What to do?

A patient who shows signs of duodenitis should immediately seek qualified help. Self-medication, and even more so treatment with folk remedies, can aggravate the situation.

With lesions in the upper sections, the symptoms of the disease resemble gastric ulcers, and duodenitis lower sections causes symptoms similar to pancreatitis or cholecystitis. The disease is accompanied by general weakness, pain in the stomach, heartburn, belching, nausea, and vomiting.

Acute duodenitis, when following a gentle diet (sometimes fasting), usually ends in a few days. Repeated diseases become chronic, complicated by intestinal bleeding, perforation of the intestinal wall, and the development of acute pancreatitis.

What it is?

Duodenitis is an inflammatory process in the mucous membrane of the duodenum, causing structural changes in the mucous membrane, and leading to functional disorders organ. According to statistics, more than 10% of the population have experienced symptoms of duodenitis - this is the most common pathology of the initial part of the small intestine.

Acute duodenitis

A prerequisite for the rapid development of acute duodenitis is poisoning or a love of oriental spicy dishes. Against their background, inflammatory reactions on the mucous surface of the duodenum provoke the formation of ulcerative and erosive foci, sometimes ulcerative cavities filled with pus (phlegmon) form on the surface layer of the intestine.

Symptoms of duodenitis in adults at the acute stage appear:

1. Acute pain in the stomach area;
2. Digestive disorder;
3. Vomiting, nausea and weakness.

The development of an acute process is almost always provoked by inflammatory reactions in the intestines or stomach. This is often diagnosed as gastric duodenitis, which is fundamentally wrong, inflammation mucous membrane The stomach cavity has its own name - gastritis.

Provocative role promoting development pathological reactions inflammation in the mucous structure of the duodenum is caused by impaired mobility or peristalsis, which makes it difficult to move the condensed contents of the small intestine to the outlet (duodenostasis). If the treatment is correctly selected and the patient follows a gentle diet, the inflammatory process in the duodenum stops quite quickly. But, in case of repeated inflammation of the intestinal walls, the stage develops chronic course diseases.

Chronic duodenitis

Chronic duodenitis can be primary or secondary. Primary chronic duodenitis occurs due to poor diet (eating spicy, irritating, hot foods, alcohol), smoking. Secondary chronic duodenitis is more common - it develops against the background of existing inflammatory diseases, for example, chronic gastritis; duodenal ulcer; improper treatment of acute duodenitis.

According to the degree of structural changes, several variants of chronic duodenitis are distinguished:

• atrophic (thinning of the mucous membrane of the duodenum with the extinction of its secretory function);
• superficial (the inflammatory process affects only the upper layers of the mucous membrane);
• hyperplastic (with excessive tissue growth);
• interstitial (without damage to the glands); erosive-ulcerative (characterized by the appearance of small erosions and ulcers on the mucous membrane).

Symptoms of chronic duodenitis

• heartburn,
• belching,
• feeling of fullness in the upper abdomen (“in the pit of the stomach”),
• loss of appetite,
• sometimes nausea or vomiting of bile,
• constipation

Periods of exacerbation - constant pain in the stomach, intensifying during fasting or 1.5-2 hours after eating. Night pain appears. Some patients complain of headaches, weakness, irritability, shortness of breath and rapid heartbeat, which is associated with impaired hormonal function of the duodenum.

How to treat?

Treatment of chronic duodenitis during periods of exacerbation of the disease is carried out in a hospital. Treatment is prescribed depending on the cause of the disease.

1. When a Helicobacter pylori infection is detected, antibiotics are used.
2. In the presence of giardiasis and helminthiasis, appropriate chemotherapy is prescribed (flagyl, furazolidone, hloxin).
3. To protect the mucous membrane, enveloping drugs (de-nol, sulfacrate) are prescribed. For anti-inflammatory purposes, it is recommended to use decoctions of chamomile and yarrow. Enzyme preparations are prescribed to restore digestion.
4. For increased acidity - drugs that reduce secretion of hydrochloric acid(omeprazole, ranitidine) and antacids that neutralize the acidity of gastric juice (almagel, maalox, phosphalugel).

If the cause of duodenitis is impaired motility of the duodenum (duodenostasis), for example, obstruction, it is necessary to establish its cause. If it is associated with a violation of any functions of the digestive organs, treatment of duodenitis is conservative. Shown frequent meals in small portions, drugs that bind bile and promote its secretion (choleretic). Effectively duodenal intubation with duodenal lavage.

In the presence of adhesions, mechanical barriers and other types of obstruction that cannot be therapeutic treatment, shown surgical treatment duodenitis. With secondary duodenitis, treatment of the underlying disease is necessary.

Symptoms of duodenitis

Duodenitis in adults can begin either suddenly or gradually. It often manifests itself after some kind of dietary excess, alcohol consumption, or stress. Duodenitis is usually difficult to distinguish from other ailments of the digestive system.

After all, duodenitis is characterized by the same clinical symptoms, as for most other gastroenterological ailments:

• signs gastric dyspepsia(heaviness, burning or discomfort in the epigastric region; belching, nausea, bloating);
• pain (mild or very intense pain is associated with the type and time of food intake, and occurs in the upper areas of the abdomen: epigastric region, hypochondrium);
• psycho-emotional disorders (unmotivated irritability, tearfulness, rapid emotional exhaustion, etc.);
• problems with stool ( chronic diarrhea or systematic constipation, their alternation).

Depending on the combination of symptoms, duodenitis may have the following clinical forms:

• asymptomatic (established in case of complete absence clinical manifestations, common among elderly patients);
• cholecyst-like (pain similar to biliary colic, feeling of bitterness in the mouth, vomiting bile);
• gastritis-like (pain occurs after eating and is often accompanied by gastric dyspepsia);
• neurovegetative (sweating, episodes of lightheadedness and weakness, rapid heartbeat, etc.);
• pancreatic-like (patients experience pain mainly left hypochondrium, “girdling” pain, diarrhea, vomiting may be observed);
• mixed (with this form, patients exhibit signs of various other forms of duodenitis);
• ulcer-like (the most common variant, “night” and “hungry” pains in the upper abdomen are extremely reminiscent of those that are characteristic of a peptic ulcer; they are combined with sour belching and persistent constipation).

Diagnostics

The clinical picture of duodenitis is diverse and nonspecific; in addition, isolated duodenitis is very rare; as a rule, it is combined with other diseases ( chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer, enteritis, pancreatitis, biliary tract diseases). Therefore, reliable diagnosis of chronic duodenitis is possible only with the help of instrumental methods research such as:

• fibrogastroduodenoscopy with biopsy;
• duodenoscopy;
• pH-metry;
• floor manometry;
• impedancemetry.

In parallel with the diagnosis of duodenitis, it is necessary to conduct a study of the digestive organs associated with the duodenum.

Complications

If you fail to apply in a timely manner medical care or non-compliance with the diet for chronic duodenitis, complications such as:

• ulcer of the duodenal bulb, including complicated by bleeding,
• adhesive small intestinal obstruction caused by the proliferation of connective tissue in the place of constant inflammation on the mucous membrane and in submucosal structures,
• disturbances in the absorption of nutrients (malabsorption), leading to weight loss, unstable stools, disruption of activity and degeneration of internal organs.

Prevention of the development of complications is treatment started on time and compliance with the recommendations of the attending physician.

Treatment of duodenitis

In adults, treatment of duodenitis includes several areas:

• elimination of acute inflammation;
• preventing the disease from becoming chronic;
• restoration of duodenal function;
• normalization of digestion.

Indications for hospitalization for duodenitis:

• exacerbation of duodenitis;
• suspected tumor of the small intestine;
• severe general condition of the patient, advanced cases of the disease;
• inflammation of the serous covering of the duodenum (periduodenitis) and nearby organs;
• presence or threat of bleeding (erosive or ulcerative form of duodenitis).

Mostly treatment is carried out at home. For get well soon necessary good sleep, rest, diet, walks, lungs physical exercise in the absence of pain. It is necessary to avoid stress, quit smoking and alcohol. Such measures help normalize blood circulation in the duodenum and restore the protective properties of its mucosa.

Drug therapy

Treatment of duodenitis in adults includes prescribing the following groups drugs:

• antibiotics, which are recommended to be taken when Helicobacter Pylori bacteria are detected;
• proton pump inhibitors, which block the glands that are responsible for the secretion of hydrochloric acid (for example, Omeprazole);
• antacids that have an enveloping and local analgesic effect, since they neutralize hydrochloric acid (Almagel, Maalox);
• H2-histamine blockers used in the presence of ulcer-like duodenitis; drugs from this group suppress the production of hydrochloric acid (ranitidine, famotidine);
• multienzyme preparations that promote the absorption of food and normalize digestion;
• prokinetics prescribed when gastritis-like duodenitis is diagnosed; they affect intestinal motility and have an antiemetic effect;
• antispasmodics that relieve intestinal spasms and eliminate pain.

Each patient is selected an individual pharmacological therapy regimen depending on the form and clinical features diseases.

Diet for duodenitis

Proper nutrition plays a key role in the treatment of duodenitis. In case of acute inflammation or exacerbation of chronic duodenitis, the first 3-5 days must be followed strict diet 1A. Its basis is slimy decoctions of cereals (rice, rolled oats), pureed soups, liquid milk porridges (semolina, buckwheat flour) and baby food products. Chicken or lean fish (pike perch) in the form of puree or steam soufflé are allowed once a day. Meals are fractional: 6 times a day, in small portions.

• ulcer-like duodenitis - diet No. 1;
• gastritis-like duodenitis (with reduced gastric secretion) - diet No. 2;
• cholecysto- and pancreatitis-like duodenitis diet – No. 5.

If signs of duodenitis appear, you should not self-medicate with various folk remedies, which can only be additional methods therapy. Otherwise, severe complications are possible in the form of intestinal bleeding, malabsorption syndrome, peptic ulcer or intestinal obstruction. It is important to remember that duodenitis is a disease that responds well traditional treatment, so it is important to consult a doctor in time.

Forecast

The prognosis for acute and chronic forms of the disease is favorable. Full recovery after acute duodenitis occurs almost always, if factors influencing irritant effect on the mucous membrane of the duodenum.

If the patient develops complications, the prognosis for life remains favorable, but the prognosis for health is questionable due to dysfunction of the internal organs. In some cases, in the presence of scar damage to the intestinal bulb, with frequent exacerbations of peptic ulcer disease (3-4 times a year or more), with a decrease in body weight by more than 15%, anemia and other laboratory abnormalities, dystrophy, and also if necessary surgical treatment, the patient may be assigned a disability.

Gastrointestinal problems can be called one of the most common. Disorders in the functioning of the stomach and intestines have an extremely negative impact on a person’s quality of life.

Duodenitis of the 12 duodenum also belongs to the classification of these diseases. It refers to those ailments that affect the mucous membrane, namely, cause an inflammatory process. Over time, if left untreated, inflammation affects not only the stomach, but also affects the functioning of the intestines.

Acute and chronic form

Duodenitis of the 12 duodenum is a complex inflammatory process affecting its mucous membrane. Characterized by the disease frequent pain in the epigastric area, human weakness, malaise, as well as a number of other unpleasant symptoms.

Duodenitis 12 duodenum medical practice is divided into two types:

• spicy;
• chronic.

Acute duodenitis occurs due to the influence of such factors on the gastrointestinal tract:

• poisoning by toxins and chemicals;
• food poisoning;
• poor nutrition;
• drinking alcohol and smoking;
• mechanical damage to the mucous membranes of the digestive organs.

Duodenitis of the duodenum 12 in acute form, as a rule, occurs very abruptly, but goes away quite quickly on its own. It usually takes 2-3 days to heal. If acute duodenitis of the duodenum occurs over and over again, the disease can become chronic.

Chronic duodenitis in medicine is divided into primary and secondary. The primary type of the disease appears in those who do not follow proper nutrition and abuse alcohol and smoking. The secondary type is observed much more often. It occurs as a result of inflammation of other digestive organs and diseases, including:

• chronic gastritis;
• duodenal ulcer;
• pancreatitis.

Also possible reason May be incorrect treatment or ignoring acute duodenitis of the duodenum.

Symptoms

Symptoms of duodenitis 12 depend on its type (acute, chronic), the causes that led to the disease, as well as on concomitant pathologies of the digestive system. Making a diagnosis is significantly complicated by the fact that duodenitis can masquerade as other diseases, including:

• gastritis;
• stomach ulcer;
• hepatic colic and more.

The most frequent symptoms The conditions for which patients consult a doctor are the following:

1. Pain in the epigastrium, aggravated by palpation. If the patient has chronic duodenitis, 12 duodenal pain is constant. Blunt pain intensifies 1-3 hours after eating and in the morning, on an empty stomach.
2. General weakness. Accompanied by a symptom fatigue and an increase in temperature to 38, which is typical for acute duodenitis of the 12 duodenum.
3. Disturbance in the functioning of the digestive system. The food in the intestines ferments and rots. This further causes the following symptoms - nausea, loss of appetite, diarrhea, rumbling in the stomach, increased gas production.
4. Bitter belching. This symptom is often associated with duodenal overflow and is accompanied by vomiting with bile. Thus, patients experience duodenogastric reflux, that is, the reflux of intestinal contents into the stomach.
5. Jaundice of the sclera and skin. This symptom is explained by the fact that the outflow of bile is impaired, which causes a similar manifestation of the disease.

Important: Symptoms of duodenitis are not always constant. Thus, in some cases, the disease may manifest itself in stages, which makes diagnosis and treatment difficult.

Causes of the disease

Duodenitis of the 12 duodenum can appear at absolutely any age. This disease is also quite often transmitted hereditarily. This indicates that the problem of duodenal duodenitis can affect both adults and children.

However, in Lately Duodenitis of the 12 duodenum, like gastritis, has become more common in young and middle-aged people. It's connected with modern type life, as well as with the products that people eat.

Thus, the main causes of duodenitis include:

• unhealthy and inappropriate nutrition;
• food poisoning;
• toxic poisoning;
• injury to the mucous membrane by foreign objects;
• abuse of strong drinks;
• abuse of hot, salty, spicy foods;
• abuse of sweet carbonated drinks;
• drinking energy drinks;
• lack of physical activity.

If multiple aspects of an optimally healthy life are not observed, duodenitis of the 12 duodenum acquires chronic forms. In this case, the patient is shown a constant diet and abstinence from a number of foods, such as alcohol, soda, chocolate and coffee.

The disease can also appear as a result hormonal imbalance. Most often this problem occurs in childhood. Therefore, it is recommended that parents of children who suspect gastrointestinal problems undergo comprehensive examination at least once every six months.

Important: Duodenitis of the 12 duodenum often appears when infected with the pathogenic bacterium Helicobacter pylori, despite the fact that it usually this bacterium is a companion to gastritis.

Diagnostics

Diagnosis of the disease is carried out by a gastroenterologist. It necessarily includes taking an anamnesis, examination, palpation, and familiarization with the patient’s medical history. Thus, the doctor, having received complete information about the disease, when the first symptoms began to appear and how actively it manifests itself.

After this, analyzes are collected, namely:

• general blood test (biochemistry);
• coprogram;
• Analysis of urine.

Additionally, the patient may be prescribed probing if the cause of the pain cannot be detected immediately. If symptoms continue to worsen, the patient is scheduled for a biopsy.

Therapy

As data from the tests is received, the doctor prescribes the necessary treatment to the patient. Therapy is selected on a purely individual basis, based on the indications and characteristics of the human body. Taking into account all indicators, drug therapy, physiotherapy, as well as some traditional methods of treatment (if there is such a need) are prescribed separately.

Also, the patient must adhere to a diet. The diet is developed taking into account the patient’s personal needs, tolerance and intolerance certain products. It is worth noting that dietary nutrition is a key point in the patient’s recovery.

Important: To develop a balanced and useful dietary nutrition you need to visit a nutritionist. This way the diet will bring more tangible results.

Medication

Drug treatment of the duodenum is prescribed based on the cause that provoked the development of the inflammatory process. So the treatment might look like this:

• For an anti-inflammatory effect, the patient is prescribed special enveloping drugs - de-nol, almagel, maalox, phosphalugel.
• When helminths and giardiasis are detected, effective chemotherapy is necessary - Chloxin, Flagyl.
• If pathogenic bacteria are detected, the patient must undergo a course of antibiotics. At the same time, it is recommended to take drugs that restore the microflora.
• with increased acidity, antacids and agents that reduce the production of hydrochloric acid - omeprazole, ranitidine - are recommended.

When taking medications, be sure to read the instructions for them. Increasing or decreasing the dose on your own may lead to not just a lack of effect, but also the possibility of developing complications.

Important: If there is no effect from taking the pills, you should consult your doctor again. In the future, he will replace the existing drugs with more suitable ones. A complete change in treatment tactics is also possible.

Traditional methods

In the treatment of duodenitis, the presence of traditional methods of treatment is also allowed. They are relatively safe for almost everyone with any health condition. In addition, they provide truly worthwhile and effective results.

Shows excellent results in the treatment of duodenitis:

• chamomile decoction;
• yarrow decoction;
• Melissa;
• sage;
• rose hip;
• sagebrush;
• thyme;
• St. John's wort;
• shepherd's purse.

Freshly squeezed vegetable juices perform well - potato, carrot. During the treatment period, it is strongly recommended to drink the required amount of water and green tea (without sugar).

Before using any folk remedies, it will not be superfluous to obtain a preliminary consultation with a doctor.

Prevention

Prevention of duodenitis is directly related to how a person arranges his lifestyle. Successful treatment of the disease and the guarantee of its non-recurrence are as follows:

• proper and balanced nutrition;
• presence of regular physical activity;
• giving up alcohol and smoking;
• absence of stressful situations and depression;
• comfortable and loose clothing;
• lack of excessive physical activity;
• timely treatment of the first signs of the disease.

In the presence of a chronic form of duodenitis, a constant diet is necessary, as well as regular examinations by a doctor, which will help identify progression and promptly prevent the disease.