Daily dose of vitamin C. Ascorbic acid: dosage for children and adults, beneficial properties, instructions for use

Vitamin C is one of the main, indispensable for human body substances. It provides normal development, normalizes the condition, sometimes literally works wonders. Vitamin C forms connective tissue, slows down oxidative processes, improves immunity, normalizes the metabolism of amino acids, and the absorption of other useful substances. A daily dose of vitamin C helps maintain healthy teeth, bones, muscles, and blood vessels. Being good antioxidant, this substance protects the skin from aging, accelerates cell generation, reduces the risk oncological diseases. There is evidence that vitamin C speeds up mental processes and activates brain activity. Therefore, it is so important to consume the required amount of this vitamin.

The daily dose of vitamin C is achieved by eating not only foods rich in this substance, but also by taking ascorbic acid. The latter forms collagen - the same protein that provides elasticity to tissues, muscles and internal organs.

Vitamin C is found not only in citrus fruits and berries, but also in kiwi, even in sweet peppers, tomatoes, cucumbers, cabbage, potatoes, and turnips. In each of these products the amount of vitamin is different. In order for the body to receive the required amount, you need to eat a lot of fruits and vegetables a day, preferably fresh ones. Processing food (even washing) significantly reduces the amount of this substance. It is quite difficult to calculate whether the daily requirement was met. But the technique allows you to quickly restore required level vitamin C in the body. But simpler does not mean better! A synthetically produced vitamin under industrial conditions is always bad: more than half of the ingredients it contains are completely unnecessary for the body, sometimes they are even toxic, and they are poorly excreted. Much healthier to eat fresh fruits and vegetables every day.

The daily dose of vitamin C is from 60 to 100 mg. Most of this substance is found in rose hips, black currants, rowan, sea buckthorn, strawberries, parsley, dill, green sweet peppers, and Brussels sprouts. 100 g of any of these products will provide the daily requirement. There is much less of it in citrus fruits: the record holder among citrus fruits for vitamin C content is grapefruit. But you can eat more than 100 g of citrus fruits per day.

But this is not the only substance our body needs. It is important that in general the table compiled by doctors shows the ratio various vitamins in the daily diet. It shows that vitamin C is needed by the body in large quantities, just like vitamins A and H. The body needs E and D in smaller quantities.

During storage, when heat treatment the C content decreases significantly. For example, the process of mashing potatoes destroys 80% of the vitamin; simple cooking of tubers - 35%; frying - 20%. In cabbage soup, only 8% of the original amount of vitamin C remains, but when stewed - about 40%. That’s why it’s so important to include in your daily diet fresh salads: with cabbage, turnips, herbs, peppers, potatoes. Otherwise daily requirement in vitamin C will not be satisfied.

Lack of vitamin C in the body (vitaminosis C) is diagnosed by the following signs: inflammation of the gums, hemorrhages in tissues, digestive disorders and other body systems are disrupted metabolic processes, immunity decreases. Such serious consequences of vitamin deficiency occur within 3 months without proper consumption of ascorbic acid, fruits and vegetables.

When the body is sorely lacking vitamin C, you can increase its consumption to 5 thousand mg per day - this is the maximum daily dose of vitamin C, but not for long (for a week). This possibility is explained by another property of the vitamin: it is easily excreted from the human body. If side effects still occur (diarrhea, nausea), the dose should be reduced.

Like other vitamins, ascorbic acid must enter the body in a certain amount - no more and no less than required. Therefore, it is important to get an answer to the question: why do we need this substance and what is the norm of vitamin C per day for different categories of people?

Vitamin C was first isolated in 1927 by a Hungarian scientist named Szent-Gyorgyi. In 1932, vitamin C became more famous, as it turned out that it has pronounced anti-scorbutic properties (scurvy - gum disease). The second name for vitamin C is ascorbic acid (literally “against scorbut”, “scorbut” translated from Latin - scurvy).

The role of ascorbic acid in the body is multifaceted. If you break down all its functions, you get impressive list. Vitamin C in the body:

• eliminates the effects of harmful precipitation - free radicals formed as a result of redox processes;
• helps synthesize collagen, necessary for skin elasticity and youth, as well as steroid hormones and catecholamines;
• participates in the processes of iron and folic acid metabolism;
• strengthens the resistance of the immune system to infectious diseases;
• improves elasticity blood vessels, cleanses them of layers of bad cholesterol;
• thins the blood, reducing the risk of blood clots;
• neutralizes toxins and bacteria;
• calms the nervous system, reduces the influence of stress factors;
• regulates the functioning of the endocrine system;
• strengthens bone tissue;
• accelerates tissue regeneration;
• helps the functioning of the pancreas, gall bladder, kidneys and liver;
• strengthens general state body, increases performance.

If the level of ascorbic acid is reduced for certain reasons, then the following happens:

• gums bleed and hold teeth worse;
• the skin becomes dry and flaccid, tissue damage takes a long time to heal, and bruises easily form;
• general vitality decreases, irritability appears and constant fatigue, memory deteriorates;
• joints become inflamed and painful;
• chills and sensitivity to low temperatures occur.

A person may suffer from similar symptoms and not even know that the problem could be easily solved by correcting the intake of vitamin C in the body.

Norm of ascorbic acid

Only if you constantly maintain vitamin C reserves in the body will the above-mentioned complications bypass you. Therefore, it is worth paying attention to whether you have enough of this substance in your diet every day. Moreover, the norm of ascorbic acid per day for men and women, as well as for children, can vary greatly. The following table will help you navigate.

As can be seen from the table, the daily dose of vitamin C increases with age. The body's need for ascorbic acid increases in the following categories of citizens:

• residents of environmentally unfavorable cities;
• smokers, regardless of length of service – 1 cigarette consumes 25 mg of vitamin C from the body’s reserves;
• persons living in very cold or very hot climates;
• elderly people, as well as people weakened by illness or stress;
• women taking oral contraceptives;
• all people during colds- for prevention up to 200 mg, for treatment the maximum daily dose of vitamin C is 500-1500 mg per day.

You can ensure uninterrupted maintenance of vitamin C levels by paying attention to your diet and, possibly, adding medications to it.

Inspection of products for vitamin C content

Vitamin C is produced by our body only in the first two months of life. Then the person needs constant replenishment of this substance. Recharge useful vitamin possible by using proper food. Again, a table that lists foods rich in ascorbic acid will help.

The main sources of vitamin C are plants. Trying to eat more greens and fresh vegetables, fruits and berries, you can protect yourself from vitamin C deficiency and related problems. A " side effect“There will be weight loss, improvement in the condition of the skin, hair and the body as a whole.

Possible overdose

Children love sweet ascorbic acid tablets with different fruit flavors, which are sold in any pharmacy. If you don't control it, the child will happily eat the entire package. The result may be poor clotting blood, which can be detected even with a minor injury. In addition, children and adults who take too large a dose (over 1500 mg per day or 500 mg at a time) may experience side effects such as:

• nausea, vomiting, diarrhea;
• heartburn, stomach pain and even perforation of an ulcer;
• headache, restlessness, insomnia;
• stones in the kidneys.

It is not difficult to avoid extremes in taking vitamin C; you just need to listen to the recommendations for correct dosage. A few more rules will help avoid unwanted reactions:

1. Do not take vitamin C at the same time as aspirin-containing medications, otherwise it may cause stomach complications, including perforation of the ulcer and stomach bleeding. Aspirin also increases the loss of vitamin C in the urine, so vitamin C deficiency may occur.
2. You cannot take medications with aluminum and vitamin C at the same time, since in this case aluminum is quickly absorbed through the intestines and can poison the body.
3. Increased doses of vitamin C impair the absorption of vitamin B12, so constant monitoring of its amount in the blood is necessary.
4. Sweets and chewing gum with ascorbic acid, where it is added for its benefits and pleasant sourness, can lead to erosion of tooth enamel.
5. Patients should not take too much vitamin C diabetes mellitus, as it further reduces the production of insulin by the pancreas.
6. It is recommended to monitor blood pressure and kidney function with additional administration of ascorbic acid.

You may have known for a long time that vitamin C is necessary for our body. However, you are now fully aware of the risks of both deficiency and excess of this vitamin. Therefore, you can make the necessary efforts to obtain maximum benefit from using vitamin C, and also adjust your diet to get this substance from natural products.

In front of me is a medicine bottle with a label:

I'm checking the tables...

However Linus Pauling, one of the fathers of modern biochemistry, the discoverer of the protein alpha helix, I am accustomed to respect. As C.S. Lewis said, if the person who made an incredible statement was previously reasonable and truthful, then we have no right to immediately call him a liar or a fool. It is necessary, by at least, listen to his arguments.

Human and other mutants

Everyone knows that some substances necessary for a person, are not synthesized in the body, but come from outside. First of all, these are vitamins and essential amino acids, the most important components good nutrition(not during a crisis, be it said). But few people ask themselves the question: how is it that more than a dozen absolutely essential substances are not synthesized in our body? After all, lichens and lower fungi live on a minimum of organic matter and create everything they need in their own biochemical kitchen. Why can't we do this?

Substances that are mined in external environment(which means they can act irregularly or completely disappear), they would hardly occupy important “posts” in metabolism. Probably, our ancestors were able to synthesize both vitamins and all amino acids. Later, the genes encoding the necessary enzymes were damaged by mutations, but the mutants did not die if they found food that compensated for the deficiency. They even gained an advantage over their non-mutant relatives: digesting food and removing waste requires less energy than synthesis useful substance de novo. Troubles began only when the diet changed...

Obviously, something similar happened with other species. Besides humans and apes, cannot synthesize ascorbic acid and other primates studied (eg, squirrel monkey, rhesus monkey), guinea pigs, some the bats, 15 species of birds. And many other animals (including rats, mice, cows, goats, cats and dogs) are fine with ascorbic acid.

It is interesting that among guinea pigs, and among people there are individuals who do well without ascorbic acid or need much smaller amounts of it. The most famous of these people is Antonio Pifagegga, traveler's companion and chronicler Magellan. In his ship's log it is noted that during the voyage on the flagship Trinidad, 25 out of 30 people fell ill with scurvy, and Pythagegga himself, “Thank God, I didn’t experience such an illness”.

Modern experiments with volunteers have also shown that there are people with a reduced need for vitamin C: they eat neither fruits nor greens for a long time and feel good. Perhaps corrections have occurred in their genes that have restored activity, or other mutations have appeared that allow them to more fully absorb vitamin C from food.

But for now let's remember the main thing: The need for ascorbic acid is individual

A little biochemistry ( for those who are in the know and know chemistry)

Why is this even necessary? essential substance? The main role of ascorbic acid (more precisely, ascorbate ion, since in our internal environment this acid dissociates) – participation in the hydroxylation of biomolecules ( Fig. 1 - see the picture at the end of the article). In many cases, in order for the enzyme to attach an OH group to the molecule, the ascorbate ion must simultaneously be oxidized to dehydroascorbate. (That is, vitamin C does not work catalytically, but is consumed, like other reagents.)

The most important reaction provided by vitamin C is collagen synthesis. Our body is essentially made of this protein. Collagen strands and networks form connective tissues, collagen is found in the skin, bones and teeth, in the walls of blood vessels and the heart, in vitreous body eye. And in order for all this reinforcement to be assembled from the precursor protein, procollagen, certain amino acids in its chains (proline and lysine) must receive OH groups. When there is not enough ascorbic acid, collagen deficiency occurs: body growth, renewal of aging tissues, and wound healing stop. The result is scurvy ulcers, tooth loss, damage to the walls of blood vessels and other terrible symptoms.

Another reaction in which ascorbate is involved, the conversion of lysine to carnitine, occurs in the muscles, and carnitine itself is necessary for muscle contractions. Hence fatigue and weakness due to C-vitaminosis. Additionally, the body uses the hydroxylating action of ascorbate to convert harmful compounds into harmless ones. Thus, vitamin C very well promotes the removal of cholesterol from the body: how more vitamin a person takes, the faster cholesterol is converted into bile acids. Similarly, bacterial toxins are eliminated faster.

The reverse process - the reduction of ascorbate from dehydroascorbate - is apparently associated with the action of synergistic vitamins C (that is, enhancing the effect of its intake): many of these vitamins, such as E, have restorative properties. Interestingly, the reduction of ascorbate from hemidehydroascorbate is also involved in a very important process: the synthesis of dopamine, norepinephrine and epinephrine from tyrosine.

Finally, vitamin C causes physiological effects, the mechanism of which has not yet been fully elucidated, but its presence has been clearly demonstrated. The most famous of them is stimulation of the immune system. An increase in the number of lymphocytes, the rapid movement of phagocytes to the site of infection (if the infection is local), and some other factors contribute to the strengthening of the immune response. It has been shown that in the patient's body, with regular intake of vitamin C, the production of interferon increases.

From cancer to hay fever ( what diseases does vitamin C prevent?)

From what was said in the previous chapter it is easy to calculate What diseases should vitamin C prevent?.

About scurvy we won’t talk about it because we hope that it doesn’t threaten our readers. ( Although even in developed countries people sometimes suffer from scurvy. The reason, as a rule, is not the lack of money for fruit, but the laziness and indifference of the patient. Oranges, of course, are an expensive pleasure, but currants in the summer and sauerkraut no one has been ruined in winter yet.)

However scurvy - an extreme case of vitamin C deficiency. The need for this vitamin increases in many other cases. Strengthening the immune response and active collagen synthesis is the healing of wounds and burns, and postoperative rehabilitation, and growth inhibition malignant tumors. As is known, in order for tumors to grow, they secrete the enzyme hyaluronidase into the intercellular space, which “loosens” the surrounding tissue. By accelerating the synthesis of collagen, the body could counteract this predatory attack, localize the tumor and, perhaps, even strangle it in the collagen networks.

Fig.2

Of course a simple and widely available cure for cancer does not inspire confidence. But it must be emphasized that Pauling himself never called for cancer patients to replace all types of therapy with loading doses of ascorbic acid, but suggested using both. A not trying a remedy that could theoretically help would be criminal. Back in the 1970s, Pauling and Scottish physician Ivan Cameron conducted several series of experiments at the Weilof Leven clinic in Loch Lomondside.

The results were so impressive that Cameron soon stopped identifying a “control group” among his patients - he considered it immoral, for the sake of the purity of the experiment, to deprive people of a drug that had proven its usefulness ( see fig.2).

Similar results were obtained by Dr. Fukumi Morishige in Japan, at the Fukuoka Oncology Clinic. According to Cameron, 25% of patients treated 10 g of ascorbic acid per day at a late stage of cancer, tumor growth slowed down, in 20% the tumor stopped changing, in 9% it regressed, and in 1% complete regression was observed. Pauling's ideological opponents sharply criticize his work in this area, but tens human lives- a weighty argument.

Everyone knows about the treatment of flu and colds "according to Pauling". Regular appointment large doses ascorbic acid reduces the incidence of disease. Overdoses at the first symptoms prevent the disease, and overdoses taken late facilitate its course. Nobody seriously argues with these provisions of Pauling anymore. The only debate is about by what percentage and under what conditions of admission the percentage of sick people is reduced and recovery is accelerated ( we'll talk about this later).

A decrease in temperature after taking vitamin C is caused by its anti-inflammatory effect - inhibition of the synthesis of specific signaling substances, prostaglandins (so Ascorbic acid may also be useful for victims of hay fever and other allergy sufferers).

Many people act this way antihistamines, For example aspirin.

There is one “but”: the synthesis of one of the prostaglandins, namely PGE1, is not inhibited by ascorbic acid, but stimulated. Meanwhile, it is it that increases specific immunity

Daily dose according to the Ministry of Health and for the gorilla

In a word, that Vitamin C is good for health, even Pauling’s most implacable opponents have no doubt. Fierce debates have been going on for more than thirty years only about the quantity in which it should be taken.

First of all, where did the generally accepted norms come from - the daily doses of vitamin C that appear in encyclopedias and reference books?

With these and larger doses there is no scurvy or pronounced hypovitaminosis (fatigue, bleeding gums).

According to statistics, people consuming at least 50 mg of vitamin C have
signs of old age appear 10 years later,
than those whose consumption does not reach this minimum
(the dependence here is not smooth, but jump-like)

However, the minimum and optimal dose are not the same thing, and if a person does not have scurvy, this does not mean that he is completely healthy. We, unfortunate mutants, unable to provide ourselves with this vital important substance, should be happy with any amount of it. But How much vitamin C do you need to be completely happy?

The content of ascorbic acid in the body (as well as other substances necessary for all organs and tissues) is often expressed in milligrams per unit weight of the animal. The rat body synthesizes 26–58 mg of ascorbic acid per kilogram ( such big rats, fortunately, this does not happen, but in kilograms it is more convenient to compare data for different types). If recalculated to average weight person (70 kg), this will give 1.8 - 4.1 g - an order of magnitude closer to Pauling than to the official standards! Similar data were obtained for other animals.

A gorilla, which, like us, is defective in the synthesis of ascorbic acid, but, unlike us, sits on a vegetarian diet, consumes about 4.5 g of vitamin C per day (however, it must be borne in mind that the average gorilla weighs more than the average person). What if a person strictly adhered to plant based diet, he would receive from two to nine grams of ascorbic acid for his 2500 calories needed for life. Eating only currants and fresh pepper, you can eat all 15 grams. It turns out that “horse doses” are quite physiological and correspond to normal healthy metabolism.

However, most people have less free time than gorillas. Business will not allow us to chew low-calorie fresh greens, vegetables and fruits all day long. AND vegetarian diet, containing cooked foods, will not improve the situation. The usual complete daily diet without raw materials and other heroism provides only about 100 mg. Even if you put coleslaw on a plate and wash it down with orange juice.

Thus, Modern city dwellers have no choice but to take additional vitamin C. We fell into the trap set by evolution - first we lost our own mechanism for the synthesis of ascorbic acid, and then we learned to hunt and set out on the path of civilization, which led us away from the greens and fruits of the higher primates, straight to scurvy and flu. But the same achievements of civilization gave us biochemistry and organic synthesis, which allows us to obtain cheap and widely available vitamins. Why not take advantage of this?

Debunking myths - “We don’t need someone else’s food, maybe not, but we have our own!”

This is a fundamental question for Pauling. In his books, he often recalls how in the 1960s, while studying the biochemistry of mental illness, he learned about the work of Canadian doctors who gave loading doses of vitamin B3 (up to 50 g per day) to patients with schizophrenia. Pauling drew attention to the paradoxical combination of properties: high biological activity with minimal toxicity. At the same time, he called vitamins and similar compounds “orthomolecular substances” to distinguish them from other drugs that do not fit so easily into natural metabolism.

Vitamins in general and ascorbic acid in particular, writes Pauling,
significantly less toxic than common common cold remedies.

Dozens of people are poisoned to death by aspirin every year, but not a single case of ascorbic acid poisoning was observed. As for excess in the body: hypervitaminosis A, D are described, but No one has yet described hypervitaminosis C.

The only unpleasant effect when taken in large doses is a laxative effect. Myth 2: Another delusion ( about ascorbic acid): “Excess ascorbic acid promotes stone formation, is harmful to the liver, and reduces insulin production. Treatment with overdoses of ascorbic acid cannot be used if the patient needs to maintain an alkaline urine reaction.”

Discussions about the dangers of vitamin C still take place at the level of emotional opposition between “pills” and “natural”. There has not been a single correct, well-designed experiment that could convincingly demonstrate this harm.

And in those cases when for some reason it is undesirable to take large doses of an acidic substance, one can take, for example, sodium ascorbate. (It is easy to prepare by dissolving a portion of ascorbic acid in a glass of water or juice and, “quenching” it with soda, drink immediately.) Ascorbate is just as cheap and just as effective, and its reaction is alkaline.

Myth 3: Another objection: “There is no point in taking the huge doses of vitamin C that Pauling recommends, since the excess is still not absorbed, but is excreted from the body in urine and feces.”

Indeed, when ascorbic acid is consumed in small quantities (up to 150 mg per day), its concentration in the blood is approximately proportional to consumption (about 5 mg/liter for every 50 mg swallowed), and with increasing doses, this concentration increases more slowly, but the content of ascorbate in the urine increases . But it cannot be any other way.

Primary urine, filtered in the renal tubules, is in equilibrium with the blood plasma, and many valuable substances enter it - not only ascorbate, but also, for example, glucose. Then the urine is concentrated, water is reabsorbed, and special molecular pumps return to the bloodstream all the valuable substances that are a pity to lose, including ascorbate. When consuming about 100 mg of ascorbic acid per day, more than 99% returns to the blood. Obviously, the operation of the pump ensures the most complete absorption of doses close to the minimum: a further increase in power is too large a cost by evolutionary standards.

It is clear that the greater the initial (immediately after digestion of food) concentration of ascorbic acid in the blood, the greater the loss. But still, even with doses of more than 1 gram, three-quarters of the vitamin is absorbed, and with huge “Pauling” doses (more than 10 grams), about 38% of the vitamin remains in the blood. In addition, ascorbic acid in urine and feces prevents the development of intestinal cancer and Bladder.

Myth 4: But here are stronger “arguments”: “Excessive doses of ascorbic acid prevent conception and can cause miscarriage in pregnant women.”

We give the floor to Linus Pauling himself:

This is how myths arise...

• And in America, ascorbic acid in combination with bioflavonoids and vitamin K is prescribed precisely to prevent miscarriage.
• Ascorbic acid in large doses is also used to prevent post-term pregnancy in the last weeks of pregnancy. But in these cases its effect is rather normalizing than vice versa.
• And during normal gestation, a pregnant woman really needs ascorbic acid: when the child grows, collagen synthesis occurs full swing. Back in 1943, it was found that the concentration of ascorbate in the blood of the umbilical cord is approximately four times higher than the concentration in the mother’s blood: the growing body selectively “sucks out” the desired substance.
• Even expectant mothers official medicine recommends increased rate ascorbic acid ( for example, tablets for pregnant and lactating women "Lady's formula" contain 100 mg of ascorbic acid).
• And even Russian doctors sometimes advise pregnant women to take ascorbic acid to avoid getting the flu: at the first, most mild symptoms or after contact with a patient - one and a half grams, on the second and third days - a gram each.

One tablet per cigarette - each cigarette smoked destroys 25 mg of vitamin C

So, Pauling's ascorbic acid intake rate: 6 – 18 g per day.
But still six or eighteen?
Why is there such a difference and how much should you take personally?

The attentive reader, of course, drew attention to the discrepancy in the previous chapter: if every 50 mg of ascorbic acid increases its concentration in the blood by 5 mg/liter, and a person’s blood volume is 4–6 liters, then why is it said about 99% absorption? In fact, everything is correct: approximately half of vitamin C is immediately absorbed by the cells and tissues that need it. But how do you know exactly how much vitamin they need? We said that The need for ascorbic acid is purely individual. It depends on both body weight and physical activity, and on the patient’s health status, and on his personal biochemical characteristics (for example, on how effective the reabsorption mechanism is).

The scientific method is a stress test: take a certain amount of ascorbic acid (say, 1 g) and then measure its concentration in the urine for 6 hours. This way you can determine how intensively the tissues absorb the vitamin and what proportion of it remains in the body. For most people, 20–25% will end up in the urine. But if there is no or very little ascorbic acid in the urine, this means that the person needs a large dose.

An easier way – accept daily dose in one step and increase it until you feel laxative effect .

Pauling believes that this “limit of intestinal tolerance” clearly correlates with the body’s true need for ascorbic acid. ( Unfortunately, Pauling does not say how to introduce an amendment for those who have problems with stool without ascorbic acid).

Usually the laxative effect occurs in the range of 4 – 15 grams of ascorbic acid per day, but seriously ill people can consume much more.

It is interesting that for the same person, the need for ascorbic acid changes depending on whether he is healthy or sick. An increased need for ascorbic acid is observed when bacterial infections, mental illness and among heavy smokers. It has been experimentally shown that each cigarette smoked destroys 25 mg of vitamin C. And then, gentlemen smokers, consider for yourself how much you owe your body for half a pack of cigarettes a day...

An important note: the who started taking large doses of vitamin C, should keep in mind that it is undesirable to stop taking it - this may worsen your health (Pauling himself calls this the “rebound effect”). But Isn’t it better to become biochemically dependent on vitamin C than on cigarettes and alcohol??

But in general, whether we agree with Pauling or not regarding overdoses, his argument helps face it. Naturally, along with food, we, workaholics of troubled times, will not receive even the minimum required amount of ascorbic acid. You need to take at least one yellow tablet a day of vitamin C.

1. Therefore, try to use enamel cookware; It is better to mash the berries with a wooden spoon than to rub them through a sieve or grind them in a meat grinder.
2. It’s a good idea to add a pinch of citric acid to the compote.
3. In dishes with high content protein or starch, vitamin C is preserved better, since proteins bind copper.
4. The most vitamin C is in cinnamon rosehip (2 - 4%), less in apple rosehip (1.6%) and wrinkled rosehip (1.5%).
5. There is more vitamin in fruits with fleshy sepals, slowly drying and raised up, than with thin ones bent down.

Fig.1

Information Center of the Faculty of Chemistry of Moscow State University "Chemnet"
Ascorbic acid according to Pauling: is the issue resolved OR forgotten?- www.chem.msu.su/rus/journals/chemlife/poling2.html
Variant of the article on "Superdoses of vitamin C (ascorbic acid) prevent and treat diseases (even cancer). How to find out your daily requirement of ascorbic acid?" on this site - specially formatted for ease of reading online (on-line)

Comments

Ask a QUESTION or express your humble opinion:

03/22/18 Thu 11:18 - Anonymous

how and where is it possible to carry out treatment or self-medicate? I can’t imagine how to take 25 grams of vitamin C one time to destroy cancer cells. Or not one time? practically HOW to do this? WHERE and WHERE to go to solve the problem of tumor killing and metastasis?

03/23/18 Fri 12:02 - Natalia

“Of course, a simple and widely available cure for cancer does not inspire confidence. But it must be emphasized that Pauling himself never called on cancer patients to replace all types of therapy with loading doses of ascorbic acid, but suggested using both. And not trying a remedy that is theoretically could help, it would be criminal.Back in the 1970s, Pauling and Scottish physician Ivan Cameron conducted several series of experiments at the Weilof Leven clinic in Loch Lomondside.

The results were so impressive that Cameron soon stopped identifying a “control group” among his patients - he considered it immoral, for the sake of the purity of the experiment, to deprive people of a drug that had proven its usefulness (see Fig. 2).
Similar results were obtained by Dr. Fukumi Morishige in Japan, at the Fukuoka Oncology Clinic. According to Cameron, 25% of patients receiving 10 g ascorbic acid per day at a late stage of cancer, tumor growth slowed down, in 20% the tumor stopped changing, in 9% it regressed, and in 1% complete regression was observed. Pauling's ideological opponents sharply criticize his work in this area, but dozens of human lives are a weighty argument."

That is, do not deny traditional types of therapy, but also use ascorbic acid. How to determine the optimal dose is also in the article - based on the laxative effect of taking it. Please re-read carefully everything that is stated in the article.

How to take a dose:
1) Buy regular ascorbic acid at the pharmacy, preferably in pills, see what the dosage is in one piece, divide daily dose(say, 10 grams) for the dosage of one piece of ascorbic acid tablets, you get the number of pieces that need to be taken during the day. Of course, this is a large amount - to take 10 grams, you need to take about 200 pieces per day (based on 50 mg in one tablet). But if you divide this amount by three or four times, crush them and take them, then you won’t get that much and drinking it all is quite possible. And, of course, you need to take it every day and not just one day.
2) There are also powdered vitamin C packages in pharmacies - 1 g and 2.5 g in one bag. Such sachets may be more convenient for you to take large doses of ascorbic acid.

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• 16518

Vitamin C is a type of ascorbic acid and plays an important redox role in the body. Without its participation, the full functioning of the immune system is impossible.

The body becomes defenseless against infectious agents. The processes of metabolism, blood clotting and tissue regeneration are disrupted. It makes it difficult to absorb other vitamins.

Therefore, it is important to receive the required daily maintenance full life a portion of ascorbic acid along with the food consumed.

It is enough to eat just 150 g of oranges to provide the daily requirement of this essential vitamin.

Plants are rightfully considered natural storehouses of vitamin C. Eating citrus fruits green vegetables (bell pepper), different types cabbage, black currants and rose hips (fruits and infusions of leaves), potatoes (especially baked ones), tomatoes and apples ensures that you are not in danger of being deficient in ascorbic acid.

This table shows what they contain:

Daily norm

It has been proven that vitamin C is absorbed more easily in youth, so the need for ascorbic acid increases in older men and women.

The harsh northern climate, as well as the hot tropical climate, contribute to an increase in the daily intake of vitamin C by 20-30% (up to 250 mg). And stress, illness and smoking increase the need for this vitamin by 35 mg per day.

To avoid health hazards daily norm vitamin should be from 50 to 100 mg. During therapy, doctors can prescribe 500-1500 mg of the substance per day.

For men

The main dose of vitamin C should be obtained from food

Vitamin C deficiency male body leads to a decrease in the density of sperm in the seminal fluid and to their loss of ability to move (especially for smokers).

For women

Most often they complain of a feeling of weakness and lethargy. They have increased capillary fragility.

Lack of blood supply leads to brittle hair, bleeding gums and skin rashes.

To support feminine beauty and health, it is enough to consume 60-80 mg of ascorbic acid daily.

The daily vitamin C requirement for women taking oral contraceptives should be higher than the standard women's daily allowance. This is explained by the fact that the concentration of the vitamin in their blood is reduced.

For children

Vitamin C is especially necessary for children's bodies.

It is important to provide the baby with the proper amount of ascorbic acid entering the body. The growth and restoration of children's bones, tissues, blood vessels, as well as immunity depend on this.

Vitamin C is essential for the complete absorption of iron. It has a positive effect on the functioning of internal organs and the state of the child’s nervous system.

The daily intake for children varies from 30 to 70 mg per day. The prescribed norm is determined by the age and weight of the baby.

For a cold

The amount of ascorbic acid lost from food can be obtained from multivitamin complexes, the required dosage of which can be determined by a doctor.

To prevent infection with viral colds and for their treatment, it is recommended to increase the dose of ascorbic acid to 200 mg (500 mg for smokers).

This will help you regain strength faster.

Part of your daily vitamin C intake should come from food. Patients are recommended to drink tea with lemon throughout the day, berry fruit drinks, vitamin infusions of rose hips.

During pregnancy

It is important for the expectant mother to provide developing baby a sufficient supply of vitamin C. It is responsible for the production of collagen, which goes into the structure of connective tissues.

The daily dose of ascorbic acid consumed should be at least 85 mg.

For athletes

For people involved in professional sports, as well as those who work hard physically every day, experts recommend consuming from 100-150 to 500 mg of vitamin C per day.

Vitamin C is one of the main elements of sports nutrition

Ascorbic acid will help them strengthen tendons, ligaments, bones and skin covering. This powerful antioxidant activates the immune system.

Vitamin C is involved in protein synthesis. It regulates the absorption of protein consumed by the athlete. In addition, ascorbic acid suppresses the production of cortisol.

Considering these properties, this vitamin can be additionally included in sports nutrition.

It can be taken before and during training, which will help protect muscles from destruction.

Vitamin C overdose

The daily dose of ascorbic acid should correspond to the recommended standards. Otherwise, an overdose will occur, the symptoms of which can be either temporary or remain with the person even after treatment of vitamin deficiency.

Excess vitamin C is fraught with kidney stones, decreased vascular permeability and severe allergic reactions.

Shortage

An acute deficiency of vitamin C can result in scurvy. With this disease, collagen production gradually decreases and connective tissue weakens. As a result, the patient develops bruises, painful sensations in the joints, wounds have difficulty healing and even hair loss.

Swelling and bleeding of the gums are noted. Due to softening of tissues and fragility of small vessels, teeth fall out. Painful manifestations are accompanied by depression.

In case of scurvy, it is necessary to urgently restore consumption with food or. Otherwise, the patient may develop Iron-deficiency anemia. Possible death.

If you care about your health, then you need to make sure that you have enough vitamin C in your diet every day.

The daily need of the human body for ascorbic acid can be satisfied by eating oranges, Green pepper, rose hip, black currant and others useful plants and products.

Vitamin C is very effective in strengthening our immune system In addition, it is simply necessary for the processes of formation of mucous membranes, bones and connective tissues, and it also participates in the detoxification of our body. This element protects all cells from destruction by destructive radicals and stimulates iron metabolism. It prevents the formation of nitrosamines, which cause cancer.

Vitamin C is very important component For normal functioning our psyche. It is involved in the synthesis in the pituitary gland of those hormones that help cope with stress. By necessity, this element, together with amino acids, is involved in the production of dopamine, adrenaline and norepinephrine, which has a positive effect not only on the state of a person’s psyche, but also on his intellectual performance.

Classic vitamin C deficiency manifests itself common cold, which occurs due to reduced functionality of the mucous membrane, which creates favorable conditions for the growth and reproduction of viruses and bacteria. Deficiency can also manifest itself as too slow wound healing and a state of depression.

In the early childhood Vitamin C deficiency can cause changes in skeletal structure called Möller-Barlow disease. With severe deficiency, scurvy develops, which is manifested by increased fragility of blood vessels and tooth loss.

A diet rich in vitamin C is especially important during the cold season, as it is an excellent preventive measure against various colds. A runny nose will not stand a chance if you take one hundred milligrams of this element in powder form every day, combining such treatment with in a healthy way life and correct balanced diet. Don't forget that vitamin C is water-soluble, and excessive amounts leave our body in urine. That is why it is recommended to take it in parts, distributing the dose into several doses throughout the day. But there is one thing!

It is known that if your daily requirement of vitamin C has become sufficiently long period time (from 5g per day) and if there is a predisposition, you can encounter the formation urinary stones or with this side effect like diarrhea. So in Sweden it has long been customary to take 1000 mg of this vitamin per day. So this, as scientists have found, definitely leads to kidney stones. Therefore, they recommend reducing the dose to a maximum of 500 mg. Soviet scientists have always said that the norm of vitamin C per day for the purpose of preventing various diseases is 100 mg per day, a one-time shock - 2 grams (4 tablets for adults, 500 mg each); during cold season – 500 mg per day. American chemist Lowns Karl Polling, 2x laureate Nobel Prizes, consumed 19 g of ascorbic acid per day and lived to be 93 years old (1901-1994). Is it just for this reason...

One way or another, it was he who was the author of the theory of the special role of vitamin C. It was like this. In 1966, Dr. Irwin Stone suggested that Pauling take 3 grams of ascorbic acid every day. This resulted in Polling becoming healthier, and the colds that had plagued him all his life became rare. Pauling, who tested the power of ascorbic acid on himself, began to share information about this with everyone who attended his lectures. This caused discontent among the American medical community.

This vitamin is very sensitive to oxygen, light and heat. It is recommended to process fresh products quickly and gently (steam or stew).

Pregnant and lactating women, as well as those ladies who take contraception. Large dosages are necessary for alcoholics, smokers and those people who are exposed to negative influence environment.

This element helps the body absorb iron from plant food. That is why, after foods high in this mineral, it is recommended to eat a vegetable or fruit rich in vitamin C. There is especially a lot of it in black currants, kiwi, sea buckthorn, oranges, strawberries, papaya and grapefruits, as well as in vegetables such as Bell pepper, fennel and all types of cabbage.

If you regularly catch colds during the cold season, and in early spring if you feel incomprehensible weakness and fatigue - adjust your diet and saturate it with enough vitamin C. If you do not have the opportunity to eat a varied diet, take vitamin complexes, artificially created by pharmacists. But you should not swallow them indiscriminately, as some elements can accumulate in the body and negatively affect it. Before purchasing such a complex, it is recommended to consult a doctor.

A healthy adult needs from 45 to 70 milligrams of vitamin C per day. Let me clarify - this is a physiological, but not a preventive norm. Those. These are average numbers reflecting his daily needs. For pregnant women, this amount increases to 90 mg, and for nursing women - to 100 mg. In childhood, you should not consume more than 50 mg of this element, and for infants only 35 mg.

For illnesses and severe stress, as well as in old age and with changes in climatic conditions, our body’s need for vitamin C increases markedly.

There is scientific evidence that consumption of this element is an excellent prevention of cancer of the esophagus, colon, endometrium and bladder. Vitamin C helps our body absorb not only iron, but also calcium, and it also helps remove harmful toxins such as mercury, lead and copper.

Proper consumption of vitamin C enhances the stability of vitamins E, A, B1 and B2, as well as folic and pantothenic acid. In addition, it protects the walls of blood vessels from the deposition of oxidized forms of cholesterol on them.

Unfortunately, our bodies cannot store vitamin C, so we need to get it daily. To prevent hypovitaminosis, it is recommended to take an infusion of rose hips. To prepare it, you need to take one tablespoon of berries and pour one glass of boiling water over them. Place the container on water bath and leave it for a quarter of an hour, then remove and cool for forty minutes. The strained infusion must be diluted with cold, pre-boiled water to its original volume. Take half a glass of this drink twice a day.

Vitamin C is necessary element for the normal functioning of all systems of our body.