Persistent diarrhea causes. Dangerous causes of diarrhea in adults. Principles of treatment of diarrhea

Diarrhea is a very unpleasant symptom that causes a lot of pain for a person. discomfort. When this condition is observed for more than two weeks, this may indicate various serious pathologies. Diarrhea that does not go away for a long time is dangerous due to its severe complications. Therefore, it should be treated immediately.

There are also some symptoms that accompany prolonged diarrhea, in which you should definitely visit a specialist.

Diarrhea accompanies various diseases. Pathological conditions that provoke prolonged diarrhea include diseases of the digestive tract:

1. Enteritis
2. Dysbacteriosis
3. Enterocolitis
4. Pancreatitis
5. Colitis
6. Lactose intolerance
7. Pancreatic fibrosis
8. Irritable bowel syndrome
9. Oncological formations
10. Enzyme deficiency

Diarrhea can develop as a result internal bleeding V digestive system: for open ulcers duodenum or stomach, with damage to the small and large intestines.

Another factor in the occurrence of loose stools is chemical, food or drug poisoning.

Sometimes this condition appears when a person has experienced a stressful situation, namely after anxiety, fear, or psycho-emotional stress.

Affect the development of diarrhea and other diseases: autoimmune diseases. In addition, poor digestion and abuse of alcohol-containing drinks contribute to the occurrence of diarrhea. It is also possible to develop this condition after surgery in the gastrointestinal tract.To determine the main cause of prolonged diarrhea, it is important to consult a doctor in time. He will appoint necessary methods research and their results will determine the disease that provokes prolonged diarrhea.

Danger signs and possible consequences

Diarrhea is usually accompanied by various unpleasant symptoms: pain and cramping in the abdomen, bloating and rumbling in the intestines. Sometimes the temperature may rise.

There are more danger signs, in which it is important to contact a specialist in time:

• Permanent weight loss.
• Stools containing blood and mucus.
• Discharge with pus.
• Pain in the anal area.
• Stool containing undigested food particles.
• Nausea and vomiting.
• Severe abdominal cramps.
• Change in color of stool.

TO dangerous consequences Prolonged diarrhea refers, first of all, to dehydration. In this case, water loss occurs, the water-salt balance is disrupted, useful substances are removed during emptying, and blood circulation worsens.

Dehydration can be indicated by intervals between urinations lasting more than eight hours, as well as dark urine and a small amount of urine. Dry mouth is also a sign of dehydration. depressive state, irritability, dizziness, lack of tears, loss of coordination, hypotension, flabbiness and dryness skin, increased heart rate, general weakness, loss of performance, convulsions.The state of dehydration is dangerous because it can lead to coma and also cause death.

Drug treatment

Therapy for prolonged diarrhea should be comprehensive. Therefore, the patient is prescribed not only drugs that help eliminate of this characteristic, but also those medications that directly affect the main cause of its occurrence.

If diarrhea is caused by infectious diseases, then the patient needs to take medications that belong to the group of enzymes. Therefore, the use of the following medications is indicated:

• Mezim-forte
• Creon
• Bifidumbacterin

For intestinal irritation and increased motility, it is recommended to take Loperamide or Imodium. For infections, medications in this group are not prescribed.

When the cause of prolonged diarrhea is poisoning, it is important to urgently perform gastric lavage.

To do this, the patient should drink a lot of water to which potassium permanganate has been added (the rinsing liquid in this case should be a light pinkish tint). It is recommended to drink the solution in larger quantities at a time.If the cause of diarrhea lies in the use of antibacterial drugs, then in this case specialists usually prescribe Linex.

To others effective drugs, often prescribed for diarrhea include:

• Smecta and its analogues (Polysorb MP, Kaopectat, Neointestopan, Enterosgel).
• Enterol (Eubicor, Linex, Baktisubtil, Hilak Forte).
• Among intestinal antiseptic drugs Nifuroxazide, Intetrix and Rifaximin have proven themselves well.
• Eliminate acute pain syndrome and spasms can be achieved with the help of medications such as Papaverine or No-shpa.
• To restore the water-salt balance in the body, take Gastrolit or Regidron. They are diluted with one liter of water. Consume in small portions, but very often, every 5-15 minutes.

Alternative medicine

Using traditional medicines in the treatment of diarrhea, it is important to remember that they are only auxiliary, so it is important to talk with a specialist about the possibility of their use.

To effective and safe means which are used to treat diarrhea in traditional therapy, relate:

1. Mint decoction. Several leaves of the plant are poured with boiling water, boiled a little and infused for sixty minutes. It is recommended to drink after meals three times a day.
2. Chamomile decoction. Medicinal raw materials in the amount of a tablespoon, pour a cup of water and place on the stove. Boil over low heat for fifteen minutes, leave for half an hour and drink before eating.
3. Blueberry tea. It is prepared in the same way as chamomile decoction. You can drink it like regular tea throughout the day.
4. St. John's wort infusion. For preparation, the same principles are followed as for the last two remedies listed above.
5. You can also use a starch solution for diarrhea. To do this, dilute two tablespoons of the product in a cup of warm water, mix and drink throughout the day.

Diet for loose stools

Rice porridge with water - “first aid” for diarrhea

Except medications And alternative means, it is important for a patient suffering from prolonged diarrhea to follow special diet. This will help alleviate the patient’s condition and quickly eliminate unwanted symptoms.

Therefore, it is important to know that during the period of diarrhea the following foods are not allowed:

• Fresh vegetables and fruits
• Spices
• Spices
• Coffee
• Black bread
• A large number of salt
• Semi-finished products
• Milk
• Carbonated drinks
• Fatty dishes
• Legumes
• Fried food
• Vegetable or fruit juices
• Flour or confectionery
• Canned food
• Marinades
• Smoked meats
• Mushrooms

• White bread crackers
• Low-fat cottage cheese
• Porridge cooked in water
• Lean fish and meat
• Low-fat soups
• Baked apples
• Vegetable broths
• Boiled eggs or steam omelet

With such a diet, it is important that dishes are steamed, baked or cooked. Fried foods are prohibited in case of prolonged diarrhea.

More information about diarrhea can be found in the video:

There are rules of prevention that experts advise to follow to avoid the development of diseases, the symptoms of which are long-term loose stool. To such preventive measures relate:

1. Be sure to wash your hands before eating food.
2. It is important to carefully process fruits, berries and vegetables intended for fresh consumption. They need to be washed well.
3. You need to make sure that the ingredients for preparing dishes are not stitched.
4. Observe hygiene rules after using the toilet.
5. It is important to use a refrigerator to store food.
6. Products should be properly cooked, especially meat and fish.
7. Undergo a medical examination annually to ensure timely identification of pathologies and their treatment.
8. Exotic and unfamiliar food should be treated with caution.

If you adhere to these preventive measures, the risk of developing diseases that are accompanied by prolonged diarrhea is minimized.

Diarrhea (diarrhea) is pathological condition, which is accompanied by frequent defecation of very thin, almost watery, feces. Bowel movement in in this case may be single or multiple.

If diarrhea continues for 2-3 weeks, they speak of an acute form of diarrhea. If profuse diarrhea lasts longer than 3 weeks, then we are talking about a chronic form of diarrhea.

Diarrhea is protective agent the body from viruses, bacteria and unfavorable microorganisms. However, for diarrhea, together with processed food products Large amounts of salts, water and useful substances, which inevitably leads to dehydration.

Types and causes of diarrhea

The occurrence of diarrhea in adults is due to a number of reasons. Depending on them, there are several types of diarrhea:

• Infectious diarrhea is caused by toxic food infections, viral diarrhea, and dysentery.
• Nutritional diarrhea is caused by allergic reactions to various foods.
• dyspeptic diarrhea appears due to improper digestion of foods, dysfunction of the liver glands, lack of secretions in the stomach, excretion small intestine negative enzymes.
• drug-induced diarrhea is the result of the use of an excessive amount of drugs and their negative influence on the body.
• toxic diarrhea occurs after arsenic or mercury poisoning.
• neurogenic diarrhea is caused by strong emotional experiences, fears, fear of various phenomena and circumstances.

An adult can easily, without any special consequences, suffer from diarrhea that does not have a long course. Diarrhea that continues over a long period of time causes exhaustion, heartburn, constant rumbling in the abdomen, tenesmus.

Treating diarrhea in adults at home

Regardless of the causes of diarrhea, there are a number of general rules that get rid of it.

In the first hours after the appearance of loose stools, the patient should completely refuse food. And only when it becomes unbearable to endure hunger, during diarrhea it is recommended to drink large quantities of herbal or black tea, bird cherry decoction or blueberry jelly with dry cookies or white bread croutons.

A little later, the diet is replenished with slimy porridges cooked in water without oil and salt, vegetable purees, boiled and pureed meat and fish Not fatty varieties. A decoction of white rice has a good astringent effect.

During the treatment of diarrhea, it is necessary to exclude from the patient’s diet raw vegetables and fruits, fried and fatty foods, spices, dairy products, alcohol, coffee, sweets, as well as anything that can cause irritation gastrointestinal tract body.

A self-prepared glucose-salt solution will help to replenish the water-salt balance when treating diarrhea at home: 1 tsp per 1 liter of water. salt, 1/2 tsp. soda, ¼ tbsp. potassium chloride, 4 tbsp. Sahara. You can also use ready-made drugs– Citroglucosolan, Regidron.

For infectious diarrhea, as well as for irritable bowel syndrome, sorbents are used to reduce flatulence and remove toxins, bacteria, gas and liquid from the intestines. Drugs in this group include: Activated carbon, Kaolin, Calcium Gluconate and Carbonate, Cholestyramine, Smecta, Attapulgite, Bismuth salts, Bilignin, Polyphepan.

However, it must be remembered that all of the above drugs have a binding effect on medications. Therefore, the gap between taking sorbents and other medications should not be less than 2 hours.

In these cases, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (Diclofenac, Indomethacin) are used. Drugs antibacterial spectrum actions promote recovery normal condition intestinal microflora.

If diarrhea is caused by the use of excessive amounts of antibiotics against the background of a pre-existing disease, then the attending physician should either stop this drug, or replace it with a more secure one.

In cases where diarrhea is associated with impaired absorption and cavity digestion, the patient is prescribed enzymes. Preference is given to drugs that do not contain bile acids (Mezim-Forte, Pancreatin, Pancitrate, Creon).

Treatment of acute diarrhea in adults in the first days after its onset, especially if it is accompanied by abdominal pain and vomiting, is carried out with the help of drugs that reduce intestinal motility:

• antispasmodics (No-Shpa, Papaverine);
• anticholinergics (Platifillin, Atropine).

In both acute and chronic diarrhea, the obligate intestinal microflora undergoes changes that lead to the loss of its functional abilities. Recovery normal digestion and suction use:

• preparations containing obligate intestinal flora (Lactobacterin, Narine, Bifidumbacterin, Linex, Acylact);
• preparations containing particles of intestinal microorganisms (Hilak-Forte);
• drugs that contain transient microflora (Baktisubtil, Enterol).

Treatment with folk remedies

The most popular traditional medicine for the treatment of diarrhea in adults include:

• thick jelly cooked in water;
• black hot peppercorns;
• chamomile decoction;
• chopped chicken gizzards;
• starch diluted in water;
• cereals;
• decoction of oak bark;
• pomegranate peels.

The effect of using these remedies can be achieved within 2-3 hours, although in some cases the expected relief comes much later.

How to stop diarrhea in an adult at home

Diarrhea is enough unpleasant condition, causing discomfort to everyone who has it. Elimination of the causes that caused it and consistent treatment is mandatory and urgent. However, everyone wants to instantly get rid of annoying trips to the toilet.

Medicines such as Lopedium and Loperamide will help stop acute intestinal disorders within half an hour.

You can quickly stop diarrhea in an adult using decoctions medicinal herbs, which have astringent properties (painting oak) and relieve pain and cramps in the abdomen (barberry spinosa).

Self-treatment of diarrhea is quite possible. But if diarrhea lasts for a long time, high temperature, the appearance of mucus and bloody streaks in the stool, dark tarry stools, severe pain in the stomach, you simply need to seek medical help.

Persistent diarrhea or diarrhea in an adult can be a symptom of a number of diseases. But even a healthy person periodically experiences signs of indigestion. The causes of disturbances in the body may be various kinds infections and chronic diseases. Timely diagnosis will help identify the disease early stage and prescribe appropriate treatment.

Show all

Causes of diarrhea

In an adult, diarrhea is accompanied by an increase in the volume of stool and a change in its consistency. Stool becomes thinner as the intestines move it along with more water. The reasons for this phenomenon can be quite varied.



Intestinal infections are accompanied by other symptoms of intoxication, including increased body temperature, sometimes even fever or chills, a feeling of body aches, and nausea. Such attacks can last quite a long time.



Chronic diarrhea

Chronic diarrhea usually has non-infectious nature.In this case, the causes of diarrhea may be:

1. 1. Some food products due to their chemical composition. Frequent diarrhea provoked by too fatty or spicy foods in the diet, drinking large amounts of coffee. Chronic diarrhea can be caused by chronic consumption of foods containing sorbitol or fructose.
2. 2. Taking certain medications, including antibiotics. Antibacterial drugs they kill not only pathogenic bacteria. They destroy and beneficial microflora intestines. a lack of beneficial bacteria leads to the fact that their place is taken by other microorganisms. Mainly pathogenic bacteria, less often - opportunistic microflora such as Candida fungi. In any case, their vital activity causes loose stools. This is a rather difficult case of diarrhea because treatment requires other antibiotics or antifungal agents, which are sold with a doctor's prescription. It should be remembered that diarrhea can be caused by medications that have laxative effect. Therefore, before taking the medicine, you need to carefully study the instructions and find out the possibility of adverse reactions.
3. 3. Various diseases. Diarrhea can be caused by irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), celiac disease, lactose intolerance, gastritis, colitis, and peptic ulcers.
4. 4. Postoperative condition (after operations on gallbladder, intestines, stomach, liposuction procedures).
5. 5. Emotional stress and anxiety.





Gastroenteritis

Gastroenteritis is inflammatory disease associated with indigestion. It can be either infectious or non-infectious in nature. In children it is most often associated with a bacterial infection; in adults it develops for other reasons. Long-term use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs can provoke gastroenteritis. This disease is accompanied by lactose intolerance or celiac disease. Gastroenteritis often accompanies gastrointestinal diseases (Crohn's disease).

In addition to diarrhea, symptoms of gastroenteritis include lack of appetite, muscle pain, increased fatigue. With the infectious form, fever is possible, and traces of blood are present in the stool. At non-communicable disease abdominal pain is observed. With constant failure to comply with hygiene rules, the bacterial form easily turns into chronic diarrhea.

Gastroenteritis is a disease that is dangerous for its complications, since it leads to the development of disorders such as reactive arthritis, renal failure, reducing the level of platelets in the blood.

Gastroenteritis itself does not require special treatment. All efforts are aimed at eliminating its cause. But the presence of diarrhea requires additional measures, which include restoring water balance.

Celiac disease

An upset stomach can be caused by a medical condition such as celiac disease. It is genetically determined and consists of the formation of reversible atrophic enteropathy under the influence of gluten. This compound is a component of the protein found in wheat. In organism healthy people Gluten is digested normally, but in celiac disease it is toxic.

Symptoms of celiac disease appear after eating foods containing gluten - bread, pastries, pasta. Gluten attacks immune system, resulting in disruption of intestinal function. This disease develops in childhood. Sometimes symptoms do not appear until adulthood. This may be caused by intestinal or respiratory infection. It may be that in childhood these signs are weakly expressed, but with age they gradually appear.

In addition to diarrhea, symptoms of celiac disease include flatulence and bloating, weight loss, feeling chronic fatigue, weakness. The stool with the disease is liquid, but there are traces of blood in it, unlike many others intestinal diseases, not visible.



Celiac disease is disguised as other diseases - pancreatitis, dyspepsia, irritable bowel syndrome. But in the case of celiac disease, symptoms only appear after eating certain foods. In such a situation, it is better to consult a doctor who will prescribe additional examinations– radiography, stool analysis, bone density study, since celiac disease is often accompanied by osteoporosis.

Treatment of this disease begins with diet. You should not eat foods that contain gluten, i.e. bread, buns, crackers, confectionery products made from wheat, barley or rye. For the same reason, you should not drink beer. If you are lactose intolerant, as well as during an exacerbation of the disease, it is not recommended to use cow's milk. After bowel function is restored, you can return to fermented milk products.

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and its features

IBS is one of the most common gastrointestinal diseases. Its main symptoms are diarrhea, bloating, pain and cramping. This disease is long-term. It is often provoked by severe stress. The causes of malfunctions in the body have not yet been determined.

For IBS physical activity the digestive tract does not correspond physiological standards. It has not yet been established under the influence of what substances this occurs. There is a theory that the disease is influenced by hormones, taking antibacterial drugs and poor nutrition.

IBS is not always accompanied by diarrhea; sometimes the disease is associated with constipation. Moreover, this manifests itself individually for each person.



Only a doctor can make a diagnosis of IBS based on a full examination. Much more dangerous diseases, including oncology, can be hidden under this syndrome.

If diarrhea continues for more than three days in a row, and traces of blood appear in the stool, you should consult a doctor as soon as possible.

Treatment of diarrhea

Treatment mainly depends on what condition is causing the diarrhea. But in any case, with diarrhea a person loses significant amount liquid, so it needs to be restored water balance. For this purpose, special means are used - rehydration solutions containing substances that promote fluid retention in the body and replace electrolytes lost by the body.

You can prepare your own rehydration solution. To do this, you need to dissolve in a glass of warm boiled water a pinch of sugar or salt. This solution should be drunk every 15 minutes, no more than 100 ml at a time, slowly and in small sips. If you drink this amount in one gulp, you can induce vomiting.

If diarrhea is caused by an infectious disease that has developed into chronic form, then they accept special drugs, the action of which is aimed at removing toxins from the intestines. At bacterial infection take antibiotics as prescribed by the doctor. Preliminarily carried out full examination and bacterial culture in order to correctly select the drug taking into account the resistance of microorganisms.



If diarrhea is infectious in nature, then you need to take medications that slow down intestinal motility with caution. They delay the presence of germs and toxins in the body, because diarrhea is a reaction to infection, it allows the body to cleanse the intestines faster.

When treating diarrhea important role proper nutrition plays a role. Complete fasting is not only impractical, but can also be harmful.

For some diseases, the diet should be followed for a long time. There are so-called treatment tables– diets developed specifically for patients with gastrointestinal or liver dysfunction. The choice of diet type depends on the specific disease; the diet is prescribed by the attending physician.

Most diets provide for a gentle diet with the exclusion of fatty meats and fish, smoked meats, spicy foods, and refractory fats. If you have diarrhea, you should not eat peaches, plums, grapes, or apricots - they have a laxative effect.

Diarrhea in an adult

Surely every person has encountered such unpleasant phenomenon like diarrhea. If it is observed once or twice during the year and goes away without special effort, then there is no need to panic. However, if diarrhea is a symptom of a chronic disease, it will be observed much more often, and its duration will directly depend on the effectiveness of treatment.

Diarrhea itself helps a person cope with various pathogenic microorganisms, viruses or bacteria that have entered his body from the outside. In this way, they are washed out along with the feces. dangerous infections, cleansing and detoxification of the body occurs. But it should be remembered that in addition to the cleansing function, diarrhea has one rather dangerous side effect - dehydration. Regardless of the number of acts of defecation, the body is more or less depleted. In addition to fluid, diarrhea and severe diarrhea leave the body mineral salts and other vital substances.

What types of diarrhea do adults have?

According to the classification, diarrhea can be divided into the following types:

1 Infectious diarrhea in an adult, the cause of which is food poisoning, for example, dysentery, amoebiasis, rotavirus and others;

2 Dyspeptic diarrhea - appears as a result of impaired digestion of food due to improper functioning of the stomach, liver, pancreas or deficiency of enzymes produced in the large intestine;

3 Alimentary diarrhea and severe diarrhea in an adult - observed with poor nutrition, poor eating habits, and also as a reaction to a food allergen;

4 Toxic diarrhea - occurs due to damage to the intestinal mucosa by various poisons and toxins;

5 Drug-induced diarrhea in an adult - appears as a result of an overdose of drugs;

6 Neurogenic - caused by a disorder of central or peripheral activity nervous system. Severe stress and fear can lead to it.

How many times do you need to go to the toilet for it to be considered diarrhea?

The frequency of bowel movements is individual for each individual person. Some people panic if they experience loose bowel movements two or three times a day. Others are completely calm about more frequent bowel movements. Diarrhea, which is not long-lasting, has virtually no effect on the functioning of the patient’s organs and systems. Chronic diarrhea, which is accompanied by painful cramps, bloating, flatulence, heartburn and other unpleasant symptoms, can have very serious consequences.

What are the possible causes of diarrhea in an adult?

Whatever the cause of diarrhea, one should not forget about replenishing fluid reserves, because dehydration is fatal dangerous condition. Drinking enough fluid will restore the water-salt balance and reduce the negative effects of dehydration. If diarrhea in an adult is already observed enough long time, then most likely she has already moved to chronic stage, which can only be dealt with with medical help. To get rid of diarrhea, you must first carry out all the necessary diagnostic studies to identify the cause that caused it. Only after getting rid of the underlying disease can you count on recovery normal operation intestines.

What are the possible causes of diarrhea in an adult?

Diarrhea is a condition characterized by frequent bowel movements of liquid stool. Diarrhea itself is not an independent disease; it is just an unpleasant symptom of many pathologies. of various nature. That is why, when choosing a method of treating diarrhea, it is necessary to diagnose the disease that caused it. this state. Diarrhea can be acute (if its duration does not exceed 2-3 weeks) and chronic (lasts more than 21 days).

Normally, a healthy adult defecates with formed feces in an amount of 100 to 300 grams. In this case, bowel movements can occur either daily or once every few days, if this does not cause any discomfort. The liquid consistency of stool is achieved due to the excess amount of liquid it contains. When a person has diarrhea, 90% of their stool consists of liquid. The volume of stool helps diagnose the disease that caused diarrhea:

1 unnatural contraction of the intestinal walls does not affect the amount of feces, but only leads to an increase in bowel movements;

2 if diarrhea occurs against the background of a violation of the absorptive function of the intestine, then the daily volume of feces increases significantly due to the amount of undigested food products.

Among the factors contributing to the occurrence of diarrhea are the following:

1 Eating large amounts of food that is difficult for the gastrointestinal tract.

2 Food poisoning light products degree of severity.

3 The body’s inability to digest certain foods, which leads to allergic reactions, hypolactasia and other unpleasant conditions.

4 Severe stress, increased anxiety leads to a sharp release of hormones, which not only affect the functioning of the nervous system, but can also lead to changes in digestion processes and provoke stool disorders.

5 The body’s reaction to taking certain medications, for example, laxatives, antibacterials, anticoagulants and others.

6 Changes in time zones, climatic conditions and usual food while traveling can also cause diarrhea.

These reasons are not dangerous and unpleasant symptoms, as a rule, pass within a couple of days, allowing the person to return to their normal lifestyle.

Dangerous causes of diarrhea in an adult

There are some causes of diarrhea that should alert you and be a reason to visit a specialist:

1 entry into the body of various pathogenic microorganisms (bacteria, fungi, viruses), which provokes the development of diseases such as dysentery, salmonellosis, stomach flu and others;

2 diseases of the gastrointestinal tract of an inflammatory nature. These include ulcerative lesion intestines and duodenum, gastritis, ulcerative colitis and others;

3 congenital or acquired deficiency of certain enzymes;

4 ailments that fall into category c unclear etiology eg Crohn's disease;

5 intoxication of the body by various chemical compounds(mercury, lead and others).

If you suspect one of the following states you should focus all your attention not on fighting diarrhea, but on finding out the root cause serious condition and its elimination. Clinically, diarrhea can manifest itself in different ways, for example, excessive consumption of foods that are heavy for the body can lead to a condition in which the diarrhea will be mild, at the same time the patient may complain of other symptoms of indigestion: flatulence, turbulence in the stomach and intense painful sensations. In case of poisoning with low-quality food, diarrhea can be combined with nausea, vomiting, chills, and loss of appetite. Similar symptoms also appear in the case of diseases caused by infections or viruses.

The greatest danger of diarrhea is dehydration, so you should contact your medical institution if the patient’s condition worsens and he develops the following symptoms:

1 excessive dryness of the skin and mucous membranes;

2 strong feeling thirst;

3 lack of urination;

4 dark yellow color of urine;

5 chapped lips;

6 weakness;

7 decreased ability to work.

Dehydration of the body is extremely dangerous; it can lead to convulsive muscle contractions, decreased blood pressure, weak pulse, loss of consciousness and even death.

What can you eat if you have diarrhea, and what can you not?

But whatever the cause of diarrhea, you should not overload the body with heavy food, which can only aggravate the situation. Try to stick to the principles dietary nutrition, give preference to crackers, rice, lean meat, steamed, porridge, jelly, green tea. Forget for a while about fatty, fried, sweet, spicy, spice-rich foods, as well as raw fruits and vegetables and whole grain bread. Avoid carbonated drinks, coffee, milk and dairy products. I would especially like to mention alcoholic drinks - their consumption has an irritating effect on the stomach and can cause many negative consequences. All food consumed should be at a comfortable temperature, never hot or cold.

These dietary principles should be followed for at least seven days after the last loose bowel movement. The introduction of other products should be done gradually and the body's reaction should be monitored. If it is negative, then you need to return to dietary nutrition.

From time immemorial, people have used the gifts of nature to get rid of diarrhea. The most effective of them are:

1 tincture prepared from oak bark;

2 dried and powdered chicken gizzards;

3 black peppercorns;

4 jelly from rice, oats, blueberries or quince;

5 decoction of bird cherry fruits.

Despite their simplicity, such treatment methods in most cases allow you to get rid of diarrhea fairly quickly. If the cause of diarrhea is a viral infection, then it must be treated with antibiotics. However, self-medication in this case is unacceptable, similar drugs should only be prescribed by a specialist based on the examination. When using medications for diarrhea, you should pay attention to the rate at which they enter the blood vessels. This affects the removal of toxic substances from the intestines.

In most cases, getting rid of diarrhea in an adult is much faster than in a child. The whole point is that an adult is able to explain to the doctor what exactly is bothering him, and perhaps even the reason for this condition. Be that as it may, there is no point in postponing a visit to a medical facility; timely treatment can save you from unpleasant problem in a matter of days with minimal consequences.

How to treat diarrhea, tablets, drugs and medications for diarrhea

Symptomatic remedies for diarrhea can be divided into several groups:

1 Sorbents. This group of medications allows you to cleanse the body of various pathogenic microorganisms and reduce the manifestations of flatulence. They are recommended for use in case of intoxication of the body with low-quality food products or in case of illness intestinal infection. However, they should be taken according to all the rules, observing a two-hour interval with taking other medications, otherwise their effectiveness will be significantly reduced. Self-medication with sorbents is not recommended, since there are conditions in which there is severe malabsorption in the intestine, and sorbents can aggravate general state sick. The modern pharmaceutical industry offers a wide selection of sorbents, including Activated carbon, familiar to everyone since childhood, and preparations developed on the basis of wood (Polifepan, Balignin), and products containing kaolin, calcium salts, bismuth (Smecta, De-nol), and others.

2 Medicines used to reduce the amount of intestinal mucus. This group includes Diclofenac, Indomethacin and other drugs that experts recommend taking from the first day of the disease. When Crohn's disease is diagnosed, therapy is carried out hormonal drugs, but only after consulting a doctor.

3 Drugs plant origin. They are made from plant materials with astringent properties, for example, oak bark, bird cherry fruits, chamomile and other things. You can prepare such decoctions or tinctures at home, but before using them it is advisable to consult a specialist.

4 Enzymes. It is advisable to use these drugs in the presence of diseases of the digestive tract, thus replenishing the lack of digestive juices. In addition, if the absorptive function of the intestine is impaired, it is recommended to take the following medications: Creon, Festal, Mezim and others.

5 Drugs to reduce intestinal motility. These medications are prescribed depending on the underlying cause of the disease. Thus, drugs based on Loperamide are prohibited from being taken in the presence of infectious diseases, since some pathogenic microorganisms will remain in the patient’s body. Such medications will successfully cope with the symptoms of Crohn's disease or irritable bowel syndrome. Diagnosis of enteropathies involves the use hormonal treatment using Somatostatin or Octreotide. It is also possible to reduce intestinal motility with the help of drugs from the antispasmodic group, which include No-shpa and Papaverine.

6 Antibacterial drugs. Self-medication with these medications is not carried out due to incorrect interpretation of your disease, so only a specialist can prescribe antibiotics based on the diagnostic studies performed.

7 Intestinal antiseptics. This group includes antibiotics that fight the pathogen directly in the intestinal lumen, without being absorbed into the bloodstream. They effectively cleanse the patient’s body of staphylococci, salmonella, coli and other pathogenic microorganisms, but at the same time maintain healthy microflora.

8 Probiotics and prebiotics. These drugs help restore the balance of intestinal microflora. For this, you can also use complex drugs, for example, Enterol, which fights pathogenic microorganisms, cleanses the patient’s body of their waste products, restores the microflora and increases the body’s defenses.

9 Intestinal immunomodulators. These drugs are the most effective in the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases. A medicine such as Galavit helps eliminate unpleasant symptoms.

It should be understood that stool disorder that lasts more than three days is a reason to contact a medical facility. Chronic diarrhea may be a symptom dangerous diseases, for example, oncological.

In addition, symptoms accompanying diarrhea should also alert you:

1 increase in body temperature to 38 degrees and above;

2 skin rashes;

3 yellow tint to the skin and mucous membranes;

4 insomnia;

5 dark yellow urine;

6 intense spasmodic pain in the abdomen.

If the stool turns black or green tint, repeated vomiting with blood is added, worsens general health patient, then in this case you should immediately call ambulance because human life is in danger.

Diet for diarrhea in adults

If you have diarrhea, you need to pay attention to your diet and exclude from it foods that can aggravate stool disorder. These include dishes with a lot of spices, raw vegetables and fruits, dairy products, etc.

1 vegetable puree;

2 oven-dried bread;

3 porridges with water;

4 dietary meat or steamed fish.

You can drink this food rice water, sweet tea, jelly or herbal infusions. If the cause of stool disorder is lactose or gluten intolerance, then adherence to the principles of dietary nutrition should form the basis of treatment. The diet consists of excluding from the diet foods that contain milk sugar or gluten. Equally important is compliance with the frequency of meals; it is advisable to eat a small amount of food, but no less than every three hours.

Three days after the onset of the disease, you can introduce other foods with the exception of:

1 salty, spicy, sour and fatty foods;

2 fresh vegetables and fruits;

3 foods that cause flatulence.

Products that are strictly prohibited for diarrhea include:

1 fried meat;

2 fatty broths;

3 fish, excluding lean, steamed fish;

5 bakery products;

6 carbonated drinks;

7 eggs in any form;

8 whole milk;

9 raw vegetables and fruits;

12 canned food;

13 sausages.

As we see, quite a lot of products are banned, so what can be prepared without harming your health?

1 Meat products in the form of steam cutlets, puree or soufflé.

2 Lean fish, steamed or boiled.

3 Porridge on water with the addition of a small amount of butter.

4 Rice pudding.

5 Vegetable puree soups with the addition of lean meat.

6 Pasta.

7 Fermented milk products.

8 Yesterday's bread or crackers.

9 Baked fruits.

11 A large amount of liquid: water, tea, compote.

An unpleasant condition - stool disorder - can manifest itself over a long period of time and be the cause of many intestinal diseases in adults and children. Diarrhea can last for several days, even a month. First of all, if you have prolonged diarrhea, you should consult a doctor. What to do if diarrhea prevents you from leaving the house?

Before drinking a first aid kit, find out the reasons that caused the disease. In an adult, prolonged diarrhea can be the result of poisoning, diseases of the small and large intestines, stress, overwork and other reasons. In infants, the condition is sometimes caused by physiological reasons.

First of all, it is indicated to replenish the loss of fluid and electrolytes, and to maintain certain nutritional standards throughout the treatment.

Drinking regime:

• The patient needs to drink to prevent dehydration and remove accumulated toxins from the body. Acceptable to use clean water or use decoctions and teas. The volume of replenished fluid is at least 2 liters per day. You need to drink as much water as was lost.
• In case of severe distress with every minute urge, we give the patient a water-salt solution, for example, Regidron.

If nothing helps, diarrhea does not go away on the second or third day, despite following the doctor's instructions, you may not have changed your diet.

Authorized products:

• We eat light purees, soups, meat, fish (boiled, low-fat).
• Porridges are cooked in water and have a slimy consistency.
• Products with high levels of pectin (apples, baked bananas).
• Strong tea and berry jelly.
• Potassium-rich foods.

All products are served in crushed, pureed form.

Prohibited products:

• Vegetables and fruits;
• Canned food;
• Smoked meats;
• Seasonings;
• Dairy products;
• Large grains so as not to traumatize the intestines;
• Fast food;
• Fatty foods.

Drug therapy

In addition to diet, use medications: Smecta, Activated carbon. If loose stools have been going on for three days, medications may not help.

Loperamide-based products

These remedies are used when diarrhea is severe and does not stop for a long time. The drugs are available without a prescription. Prescribed for acute, chronic (if loose stools continue for the third week or more) diarrhea.

Contraindications:

• 1st trimester of pregnancy, childhood under 6 years old.
• Allergic reactions.
• 2-3 trimester - use in pregnant women if the benefit is higher than the risk.
• Acute colitis.
• Persistent diarrhea caused by long-term use antibacterial drugs.
• Liver dysfunction.

The drugs are well absorbed by patients, but can be accompanied by side effects:

• Constipation, flatulence, the patient may have a stomach ache.
• Fatigue, drowsiness.
• Rash, itching, fever.

Imodium is available in the form of capsules or tablets. An adult or child over 12 years old should take 2 tablets once a day, i.e. at one time. If intestinal upset continues, take 1 tablet after going to the toilet until the diarrhea completely stops. Child over 6 years old – 1 tablet. means at a time, then 1 after emptying, until stool normalizes.

If intestinal upset continues 12 hours after taking the medicine, you must stop treatment and urgently go to the hospital.

Loperamide - adults initially take 2 capsules, then 1 capsule after going to the toilet, until stool normalizes ( maximum dose– 8 capsules). Children over 6 years old – 1 capsule (maximum dose – 3 capsules).

If the stool has formed, we stop treatment.

Sorbents

Sorbents are mandatory. Taking medications for poisoning, infectious diseases and as a quick helper to stop diarrhea. They are able to collect toxic substances on the surface and remove them from the body.

Activated carbon - there are tablet forms and powder. More often used for poisoning and intoxication of various natures. Take up to 3 tablets 4 times a day, an hour before the main therapy, otherwise the effect of the main drug may be reduced. Stop taking the drug if acute conditions acceptable on the fifth day, usually occurs every other day. If the condition is chronic, we extend the dose to fourteen days. Repeated course as prescribed by a specialist.

Side effects develop in the form of constipation, impaired absorption of substances in the intestines, decreased temperature and pressure, black stool, and impaired liver function.

Do not use the medicine if hypersensitivity to the composition of the drug, ulcerative defects V digestive tract, bleeding from the gastrointestinal tract.

Smecta is a white or slightly white powder yellowish color, approved for use in children. Used for acute chronic disorder digestion of various types. It copes well when the baby has a stomach ache, bloating, or heartburn.

If the condition is acute, adults are allowed to consume 6 sachets per day. For babies up to one year old - two sachets per day for the first 3 days, then 1 sachet. Children over one year old, up to 4 sachets per day for 3 days, then 2 sachets. It is advisable to complete the course within a week. The product can be mixed with porridge, baby food, compote. Approved for use by pregnant women. In rare cases, when taking medicine there is constipation and a slight rash with itching.

Smecta should not be used if there is a malabsorption of substances or an allergy to the drug.

Probiotics

Bifidumbacterin - available in the form of capsules and suppositories for adults and children. Can be used for:

• Dysbacteriosis;
• Ulcers of the digestive tract;
• Pancreatitis;
• Allergies;
• During intestinal infections;
• Poisoning;
• Constant constipation;
• Taking antibiotics, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and hormones.

Take half an hour before meals or during breastfeeding.

Patients before surgical intervention three to five days before surgery and two weeks after.

At chronic diseases gastrointestinal tract 3 times a day, for a course of two weeks.

There is a possibility of allergic reactions to the drug.

It is forbidden to use in children under 3 years of age (suppositories), if allergic reactions to the composition of the drug.

Enemas

If the cause of prolonged diarrhea is poisoning with poor-quality products, for quick disposal for the symptoms of dyspepsia and the leaching of toxic substances from the body (until they are absorbed), it is recommended to conduct a short course of cleansing enemas.

The procedures are performed on an adult even in cases of severe diarrhea. As a rinsing solution, use warm, slightly salted water or Regidron water-salt solution. You need to repeat the manipulations until the rinsing waters become clean. Sometimes enemas with enveloping drugs are prescribed, which speed up the process many times over; accordingly, diarrhea goes away much faster.