Bleeding without menstruation. When spotting occurs instead of menstruation. Medical procedures and bleeding

Vaginal blood that appears outside of menstruation should not go unnoticed. After all, most often the cause of its appearance is disease. A heavy bleeding may even be life threatening. Let's look at some common reasons why there's blood coming out from a woman's vagina.

After love...

The fact that rudeness can provoke injuries to the vagina and cervix is ​​understandable. It is also clear that such a phenomenon (the appearance of blood) is considered normal if this is the girl’s first experience. Bloody discharge after sexual intercourse occurs during loss of virginity. But if this happens to a woman who has been sexually active for a long time, then most likely she has problems with the cervix.

It could be a polyp, cyst, precancerous or even cancer. Unfortunately, diseases of the cervix are most often asymptomatic, and the woman herself cannot find out for herself what is happening inside her. That is why you need to visit a gynecologist at least once a year for an examination and cervical smear test.

If you have bleeding from your vagina after sex, more than once, for no reason, that is, it has nothing to do with menstruation, you need to visit a doctor. There are even special rooms for the prevention and treatment of cervical diseases. Don't delay!

Contraception is to blame

Many women choose as a method of contraception unwanted pregnancy hormonal pills. It's convenient, safe and effective. But this method of contraception has many disadvantages - the need to take pills strictly according to the schedule and side effects. Such phenomena include bleeding from the vagina. It shouldn't bother you if it smears a little. Usually after 3-4 months of taking the drug everything goes away. As a last resort, you can switch to tablets with a slightly higher concentration of hormones.

Intermenstrual bleeding can also occur if you miss a pill. If a woman simply forgot to take 1 or more tablets. Moreover, in such a situation pregnancy may well occur.

What we wrote earlier applies to regular contraception. But blood may also appear some time after taking the emergency contraceptive pill. This is a very common side effect.

The age is...

Girls in the first 2-3 years after the first menstruation often experience so-called juvenile bleeding. The reasons for this are manifold: physical exercise, poor or vitamin-depleted nutrition, stress, hormonal imbalances, as well as gynecological and non-gynecological diseases. If such a situation arises, and even more so if blood clots appear from the vagina, you need to go to an appointment with a gynecologist. An examination will be carried out (for virgins through anus) and ultrasound of the genital organs. If necessary, the girl will be referred for consultation to other specialized specialists. Do not forget that bleeding, especially if it is heavy and/or prolonged, causes anemia and sometimes even threatens life.

Bleeding in an expectant mother

Blood from the vagina during pregnancy is a symptom of threatened miscarriage or placental abruption. This sign, even if only a few drops of blood are released, this is a reason to urgently visit a doctor. Perhaps there is still something you can do and save the pregnancy.

On the other hand, a small amount of blood before labor may be normal if it is bloody streaks in the mucus plug that comes out of the cervix shortly before the baby is born. Also, a slight spotting may be normal if a gynecological examination was performed before childbirth. During this period, the cervix begins to dilate and may bleed easily when physical impact at her.

It's a disease

If a woman has bleeding from the vagina, but not menstruation, this may be a sign of adenomyosis and/or uterine fibroids. These are very common female gynecological diseases. And they are determined simply - using ultrasound examination and hysteroscopy.

Unfortunately, both diseases are incurable. More precisely, the only radical treatment is removal of the uterus or, in the case of fibroids, its removal. But the symptoms spontaneously begin to disappear during menopause, when the ovaries stop working, or during pregnancy, since both diseases are hormone-dependent. Until this point, if there are no contraindications, a woman can take oral contraceptives or replacement hormone therapy. In most cases, this makes a woman’s life much easier. Pain and bleeding stop.

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Nature arranges it in such a way that once every 21-35 days a woman releases menstrual blood. The duration of this period varies from 3 to 7 days and over the entire period the body loses from 80 to 150 ml of blood, not counting the weight of the clots. But it happens that there is blood, but not menstruation, or there is no discharge at all for an extended period of time.

What is the reason for this malfunction of the body and what to do in this case?

Why is period regularity so important?

The regular release of an unfertilized egg is an indicator women's health. During the normal course of this process, the woman feels good or satisfactory, but if any disturbances occur, this indicates a malfunction of the reproductive system.

Monitoring the arrival of menstruation helps the fair sex to notice problems in the functioning of her own body in time and take measures to eliminate them together with the attending physician. That is why it is very important to keep a diary and know the day of the expected arrival of your next menstruation.

It must be said that this problem does not affect adolescents whose cycle is just beginning to establish itself and irregular periods are normal. The body prepares itself for " adult life“and any changes during this period are associated only with physiology. But what if women don’t have their periods? childbearing age, the problem must be resolved urgently. In no case should it be ignored, as the consequences can be very serious.

Why your period doesn’t come: reasons for the phenomenon related to childbirth

The first thing a woman who is active should exclude sex life, is pregnancy. Menstruation during this period cannot occur for the simple reason that the egg has been fertilized by a sperm and now an embryo is developing in the uterus, which will stop the natural process up to this point for the entire 9 months of its stay.

It happens that fertilization has taken place, but menstruation continues. In this case, the woman can for a long time don't know about yours interesting position, but, as practice shows, the presence of certain accompanying symptoms still makes her suspect her situation and consult a doctor.

After childbirth, the discharge may resume within 3–6 weeks, but this usually applies to those mothers who various reasons do not breastfeed the baby. Lactation has its influence on this process, and Mother Nature also “worked” here, preventing a new conception while the mother is still breastfeeding her child.

Although there are no norms here, there are cases when pregnancy occurs immediately after the birth of a baby, and it also happens that menstruation returns only after breastfeeding ends.

At this moment, it is difficult for a woman to predict the day of ovulation, besides, all her thoughts are occupied with the baby, and she runs the risk of becoming pregnant again. Therefore, it is recommended to take measures to prevent unwanted conception; fortunately, today there are contraceptives on sale that can be taken even during breastfeeding.

Delayed menstruation due to diet

Nutrition is responsible for normal work of all organs and systems of the body and our health depends on its character. Severe exhaustion organism associated with deficiency essential vitamins And nutrients, can lead to menstrual irregularities, just like obesity, which is caused by overeating and certain diseases.

If you are concerned about your weight and constantly go on strict diets, then you should know everything about such a term as critical menstrual mass. This term is mainly used in relation to teenage girls and refers to the weight (about 50 kg) at which menstruation begins.

Women who strive to weigh less than this figure should remember that this may lead to lack of regular cycle. Obesity also causes delay or complete cessation of menstruation. This is why doctors very often recommend that women who have problems conceiving lose a couple of extra pounds.

Therefore, if you do not want changes in the menstrual cycle, and are still planning children, eat right, give up foods rich in chemical components and rely on healthy, natural ones. If you cannot cope on your own, seek help from a nutritionist.

Diseases and medicines

Naturally, any disease or infection causes malfunctions in all organs and systems, including the genitals. This is especially true for inflammation of the genital organs caused by bacteria and protozoa.

Tumors, both benign and malignant, can make adjustments to the process of releasing an unfertilized egg.

In addition, any illness weakens the body and requires a certain time for recovery, so it is not surprising that menstruation does not come on time. Yes, and reception during this period medicines It can also affect hormonal levels in a negative way.

But the main disease that causes the lack of ovulation is associated with the functioning of the ovaries and is called polycystic ovary syndrome. Dysfunction in the functioning of these organs is caused by disruption of hormone production. Why do my periods come irregularly?

There are many reasons leading to the occurrence of this syndrome:

• brain disorders;
• adrenal gland diseases;
• Problems thyroid gland and etc.

It's very important to start early diagnosis and provide the necessary treatment in a timely manner.

if you accept contraception, especially during long period time, you may experience a lack of discharge when you cancel it. If you are taking any drug of similar effect for the first time, you may experience a delay for several cycles in a row and other side effects, which may indicate that he is not suitable for you.

Menstruation has a specific cycle through which it repeats itself. Usually it is 21-35 days, it all depends on the characteristics of the body. If your period lasts for one day, this is most often a sign of illness, and you should urgently consult a doctor.

If you have dark periods, or even bleed after your period, such signals indicate disturbances in your body and require contacting a gynecologist for an examination. Sometimes dark discharge mean pregnancy, so experts recommend taking a test before visiting the clinic.

Can menstruation last one day?

The duration of menstruation can depend on many reasons. Most often it is influenced by heredity. If your mother's period lasts for a week, then the likelihood is high that you will have the same duration of menstruation. Your period should ideally last from 3 to 7 days.

Bleeding should be moderate with some cramping in the first few days. If your period lasts for one day or, conversely, for too long, this indicates that, most likely, you have cycle irregularities, and perhaps inflammation has appeared, so do not delay going to the doctor.

Causes of cycle disorders

The reasons for such violations may be different. IN adolescence– this can be a disease of the liver, kidneys and cardiovascular system.

Also, the condition when menstruation lasts for one day is affected by such factors as:

• eating disorders;
• intoxication with alcohol or other harmful substances;
• heavy loads;
• extreme diets;
• industrial hazards, etc.

If your periods are short, these may be disorders associated with the central nervous system. They occur due to stress mental trauma, brain contusions. In such cases, changes most often affect the hypothalamus. This is the name of the part of the brain that regulates the functioning of the endocrine system.

Having scanty periods: normal or pathological?

Hypomenorrhea is a process in which menstruation is scanty, not heavy, and also having only traces or drops of brown blood. This is considered a pathology of the menstrual cycle.

However, there is frequently asked question: Can menstruation occur irregularly and in small quantities during the formation of the cycle and menopause? Such deviations at these points in life are considered the norm.

Hypomenorrhea is divided into primary if the girl did not have normal menstruation, and secondary, if a woman’s periods have always been normal, but for some reason they have become scanty.

My period lasted for one day, what illnesses could there be?

• Diabetes mellitus may be the reason why your periods are short.
• Disorders of the thyroid gland cause abnormalities, due to which menstruation lasted one day.
• Diseases or damage to the uterus can also be accompanied by cycle disorders. If your period lasts up to 3 days, this is good reason will go to the doctor to diagnose your body.

If there is blood, but not menstruation: what is the reason?

This phenomenon when there is blood, but not menstruation, only after critical days, occurs quite often. In cases where the discharge is small and it Pink colour, no need to worry, it could be physiological feature your body. For some, this is how the egg ovulates.

If you are bleeding but not having your period large quantities, and this process resembles repeated menstruation, in such a situation you need to find out the nature of this discharge and try to eliminate the problem. To do this, it is worth undergoing an examination.

Don't worry if you get your period a second time while you're on vacation. Climate change – important factor for the cycle, and often it does not benefit it.

Many people ask themselves the question: Are you pregnant if you have your period? Under such circumstances, there are cases when women long time are unaware of their pregnancy. And they find out this only over a long period of time, when the abdomen enlarges. They simply do not know that these were not ordinary menstruation, which should be repeated according to the cycle. It's bleeding, but not your period.

Therefore, to the question of whether menstruation can occur during pregnancy, the answer will be unequivocal - no.

However, why does bleeding often occur on time? normal menstruation? It’s just that the endometrium is strongly connected to hormone levels. A critical drop in hormones leads to bleeding even during pregnancy. In such a situation, you should immediately visit a gynecologist to determine the cause of the discharge. Indeed, in addition to a decrease in hormone levels, inflammatory or infectious processes in your body. Timely examination and effective treatment will allow you to maintain your pregnancy and avoid negative consequences.

What deviations in menstruation are acceptable and which are not?

• If your period lasts a week or just three days, this is a feature of your physiology, and there is no reason to worry.
• But the reason for worry is the fact that your period lasts for one day. In this case, you should not delay visiting the doctor, since perhaps you are experiencing some kind of disturbance in your body and medical intervention is necessary.
• If you have dark periods, the presence of this type of discharge indicates significant disturbances in proper operation pelvic organs. A woman faced with such a problem must consult a doctor.
• If you are bleeding but not menstruating after childbirth, this is acceptable as the uterus is repairing and contracting. Such discharge is called lochia. They stop 6-8 weeks after birth.
• Can menstruation last for more than a week? If the discharge is also profuse, these are already symptoms of bleeding, and you need to quickly call ambulance. After all, during this period you have lost a lot of blood, you should not go to the hospital on your own.

A healthy lifestyle and rational, regular nutrition will be for you faithful assistants in maintaining women's health. Don't neglect exercise and exercise.

Don't be nervous about trifles, and don't get carried away bad habits. The consequences may not occur immediately, but they will definitely affect your well-being.

Make regular doctor visits for scheduled inspection. If your period lasts for one day, or you don’t know whether your period can happen again, do not hesitate, be sure to contact a gynecologist as soon as the first alarming symptom appears.

The most important and interesting news about infertility treatment and IVF is now in our Telegram channel @probirka_forum Join us!

Normal course menstrual cycle is the main indicator of women's health. The slightest deviations in it alarm the fairer sex. What does it mean if there is discharge with blood, but it is not menstruation and what measures to take, this article will answer.

What discharge is considered normal?

Discharge from the genital organs accompanies the woman throughout her entire life. reproductive period. The constant presence of mucous secretion is a product of the work of the glands of the genital organs, performing a protective, lubricating and transporting (if sperm enters) function. Appear during menstruation bloody issues, explained by the cyclical rejection of the endometrium, which comes out.

Often ladies observe the presence of bloody intermenstrual discharge. They are indicated before menstruation, a few days after it, in the middle of the cycle, after sexual intercourse. They can have a reddish, pink, transparent or tint, be abundant, scanty, bloody or spotty in nature. This phenomenon involves changes in the body and reproductive system both physiological origin and the presence of pathologies.

If you discover such signs in yourself, you should not immediately sound the alarm. If the spotting comes without pain in the lower abdomen, burning and itching of the vagina, unpleasant odor, it has a uniform consistency and passes quickly, then these are normal variants due to a certain condition female body. Any deviation in these characteristics is a problem and requires a visit to the gynecologist.

The main causes of bloody secretion include:

1. Hormonal changes and violations.
2. Reception contraceptive drugs based on hormones.
3. Other means of contraception.
4. Allergic reaction.
5. Ovulation.
6. Pregnancy.
7. Rough sexual intercourse.
8. Postpartum and postoperative period.
9. Cervical erosion.
10. Gynecological pathologies and illness.

Hormonal changes in the body

The hormonal system plays a very important role, since this mechanism determines the work of all processes in the body. It is its coordinated action that regulates the menstrual cycle. Therefore, any imbalance of hormones, especially female ones, primarily affects the reproductive system.

Fluctuations in the level of estrogen and progesterone often become. Most often, this does not cause discomfort, turning into menstruation. This is how progesterone acts on the endometrium, which at this time swells, becomes loose and ready for excretion.

Bloody discharge after menstruation refers to normal phenomena, if they complete them without a time gap. That is, menstruation turns into brown daub, which continues for several more days. This is how the remaining clotting blood is released.

Hormonal imbalance in many cases affects menstrual cycle, which leads to their replacement or their complete absence. This phenomenon is often observed in the first time after menarche and can last up to two years, which is explained by the establishment hormonal system. Similar cases characteristic of the beginning of the menopause until menopause.

Hormonal contraceptives

Effect of contraceptives hormonal drugs aimed at changing the concentration of certain female hormones to suppress female fertility. In other words, they artificially cause hormonal disbalance so that ovulation and conception do not take place. The body always reacts to such manipulations, and in most cases, the first three months a woman observes bloody or.

If such bleeding lasts longer than the specified period, you should consult a doctor.

Discharge after insertion of an intrauterine device

One of the most common methods of contraception is the intrauterine device. This gynecological device is installed in the uterine cavity in order to cause its contraction, which contributes to the accelerated advancement of the egg, which does not have time to properly mature and gain a foothold in the walls of the organ.

If, after placement of the IUD, uncharacteristic bleeding is detected, they differ in intensity, pain or unpleasant smell, it means that the contraceptive was installed incorrectly or is occurring pathological reaction body. In this case, the spiral is removed.

Secretion during an allergic reaction

The bloody nature of the discharge may be due to allergic reaction for medications that are used to treat other systems and organs. Often this consequence is caused by taking antibiotics.

For many, irritants are lubricants, products intimate hygiene with dyes and flavors, condoms, synthetic underwear, pads and tampons made of low-quality materials. Such discharge is short-lived and stops after the irritant is eliminated.

Blood during ovulation and pregnancy

Quite rare among women reproductive age, indicating the onset of ovulation. At this moment, the mature egg leaves the follicle, which, when ruptured and damaged small blood vessels and capillaries secrete a small amount of blood.

The appearance of red marks means ovulation has taken place and the period of highest female fertility. This sign should not be indicated monthly. Its presence is also acceptable on the first day of conception. The fertilized egg implants into the endometrium, which, as a result, secretes a small amount of blood. This occurs about a week after ovulation.

In the first month of pregnancy, bloody mucus may appear on the day when menstruation was supposed to begin. This is a dangerous sign that threatens miscarriage, because the embryo has not yet fully implanted. Therefore, during this period it is especially important to protect yourself from stress. At other times during pregnancy, bleeding is unacceptable.

Find out what signs they have in the article at the link.

Discharge due to sexual intercourse

If the vagina is insufficiently moisturized or during rough or overly vigorous sex, minor bleeding is sometimes also observed after intercourse. These could also be microcracks in the vagina. The phenomenon is short-lived, but should be monitored. If this situation repeats frequently and over time appears discomfort, you need to visit a doctor.

Postpartum and postoperative period

Appearance bleeding, but not menstruation, - natural process cleansing the genital tract after childbirth. Lochia continues for a month, gradually moving from heavy bleeding into a brown daub. At first, as a result of childbirth, the uterus contracts intensively, acquiring its previous size, which also affects the nature of the discharge.

For a breastfeeding mother, the menstrual cycle is completely restored after she interrupts lactation. Therefore, throughout the lactation period, menstruation may be absent or appear and disappear.

Similar symptom usually observed due to surgical interventions V reproductive system and abortions. The volume and duration of blood loss depends on the type and timing of pregnancy termination, type of surgery and general condition body.

Acyclic discharge in pathologies and diseases

The occurrence of red discharge, but not menstruation, is often associated with some gynecological diseases :

1. Inflammatory processes- endometritis, adnexitis, colpitis.
2. Endometriosis - the main symptom occurs a few days before or after menstruation, accompanied by pain in the lower abdomen and.
3. Uterine fibroids - serious illness, the main symptom of which is non-menstrual bleeding.
4. Infectious diseases, the advanced stages of which also manifest as bloody smears.
5. Polyps and other neoplasms.

Cervical erosion

Common phenomena among women of childbearing age include erosive processes of the cervix. In many cases, erosion is asymptomatic and is detected during a gynecological examination. But sometimes it makes itself felt through intermenstrual bleeding.

Such processes do not always require treatment, but the doctor must keep them under control, since the affected areas are especially susceptible to attack by pathogenic microorganisms and provoke inflammation.

An important rule For every woman, it is important to pay attention to her cycle and the nature of her discharge. If a symptom such as bloody discharge appears, and it is not related to menstruation, you should not postpone a visit to the gynecologist. Follow the signals of your reproductive system and be healthy!

For each woman, the process of menstrual bleeding is completely individual, depending on the characteristics of the female body. The average duration of the menstrual period is determined to be up to five days. At the same time, if there are any atypical discharges, then it is worth thinking about pathology. However, bleeding should not be ruled out, which can easily be confused with menstruation. Therefore, to provide timely assistance, it is necessary to have an understanding of the distinctive features.

During menstruation, a woman begins to secrete blood in average quantities per day (about 50 ml.). The first days of menstruation are characterized by bloody discharge bright color, then in the following days the discharge becomes darker and is released in portions. The shades of the blood that comes out also differ for each woman individually. Subsequent discharge may occur during sudden rise or movement or physical activity.

Additionally, mucus or mucus appears in menstrual flow. blood clots. At the same time, the smell of discharge is also present. Menstrual blood characterized by an odor reminiscent of fresh meat.

Attention! If the discharge during menstruation has an atypical brown color or the discharge is scanty, it is recommended to consult a gynecologist for advice.

Uterine bleeding and menstruation: main differences

In order to identify pathology, you should interview the patient, who can easily characterize the typical menstrual flow, characteristic of her. Therefore, any changes should alert the woman. The nature of menstruation can change dramatically, therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to the following warning signs:

1. The volume of menstrual flow increases significantly.
2. The release of blood does not occur in batches, but occurs almost continuously.
3. The outgoing discharge is characterized by a too liquid consistency.
4. There are no blood clots.
5. The color of the discharge becomes deep red.
6. There is no specific odor characteristic of blood.
7. Signs of anemia are observed.
8. There is severe weakness.
9. Possible painful sensations in the lower abdomen.
10. Before the onset of menstruation, sexual intercourse may cause pain.

Carefully! If the above symptoms are observed, then you should not hesitate to visit a specialist.

Causes of bleeding

For the body, blood loss is enough dangerous manifestation. Almost a third of all uterine bleeding are explained pathological process that arose in women's reproductive system. Basically, pathologies of this kind do not pose a threat to life, but lead to poor health, anemia, low levels of iron in the blood, as well as problems with sexual life. Therefore, in order to prevent the occurrence of pathology, you need to know the main reasons that provoke it.

The root causes of bleeding are as follows:

• termination of pregnancy, occurring artificially (abortion) or naturally (miscarriage);
• if delivery occurred by caesarean section;
• frequent diets, which lead to complete intoxication of the entire female body;
• problems with general hormonal levels, sudden failures;
• iron deficiency or vitamin deficiency;
• blood diseases;
• blood clotting disorder;
• long-term depressive states, stressful situations;
• illnesses of an infectious nature;
• excessive physical activity and heavy lifting;
• inflammatory process in the reproductive system;
• gynecological pathologies;
• pathological neoplasms.

Classification of discharge

Experts classify uterine bleeding into three types.

More details about the types of bleeding

Dysfunctional

Main features of this type bleeding – profuse blood loss or protracted nature. Adolescent girls and menopausal women are at risk. The provoking factor of the pathology is an excessive amount of estrogen or progesterone. To eliminate this pathology use hormonal therapy.

There are two types of dysfunctional blood loss:

• ovulatory. They are characterized by manifestations of an abnormal cycle, that is, over the course of a month, a woman experiences slight discharge scanty or, conversely, short menstruation, which have an interval of more than one month;
• anovulatory. Characterized by significant blood loss, cycle disruption, feeling unwell, loss of appetite and constant desire sleep.

It is important! Primary pathology can be determined using gynecological examination, supplemented by ultrasound examination.

Juvenile

May appear seasonally. This is explained by corpus luteum does not form due to hormonal imbalance. If a teenage girl is diagnosed with neoplasms in the reproductive system, then juvenile bleeding cannot be ruled out.

Breakthrough

A third of breakthrough bleeding cases occur due to problems with the uterus, which are caused by intrauterine device. Bleeding can also be caused by the consequences of taking hormonal contraception. To prevent subsequent bleeding, it is recommended to remove the coil and pick up correct dosage contraceptives.

Profuse

Profuse blood loss is difficult to distinguish from menstrual discharge, since it is also characterized by menstrual pain. The only symptom is increased blood loss, which is characterized by scarlet discharge. The exact period of occurrence is difficult to determine because it varies.

Is it dangerous! Profuse bleeding is difficult to diagnose and requires urgent hospitalization women. IN in this case Necessarily surgical treatment in the form of curettage of the uterus.

Video - How to distinguish menstruation from bleeding?

Bleeding and menopause

IN menopause a woman cannot exclude the risk of developing neoplasms of various nature(fibroids, polyps). This is explained by a decrease in the level of estrogen, which is responsible for the normal menstrual cycle. It is distinctive that a woman will experience severe pain during sexual intercourse, as well as the interval between menstrual cycles more than three months.

Blood loss during pregnancy

If a woman experiences any bleeding after conception, this is a direct threat to her life and to the fetus. If you notice a woman’s bright bloody discharge, you should immediately call an ambulance. The discharge is accompanied by the following symptoms:

1. Emergence severe pain in the lower abdomen, which resembles contractions.
2. Nausea leading to vomiting.
3. Increased level of sweating.
4. The appearance of dizziness.

Note! The occurrence of bleeding during pregnancy is considered dangerous sign, which threatens life.

How to help

First of all, it is necessary to minimize all physical activity. Then review your diet and be sure to include beef meat, offal (liver), and foods with high content gland.

If a woman begins to experience heavy blood loss, she urgently needs to lie down in a position so that the pelvis is slightly elevated. To do this, you can put a pillow or raise it a little lower limbs. In this way, loss of consciousness can be avoided and symptoms can be reduced.

To reduce bleeding, you will need to apply a cold compress so that the vessels of the uterus narrow and muscle layer the uterus has shrunk.

Don't ignore any pathological discharge, because they can be a sign of a serious illness. A specialist will tell you about the causes of uterine bleeding in a video commentary.

Video - Why do uterine bleeding occur?