Medicines for microflora disorders in women. Hygienic measures to restore the balance of vaginal microflora. Vaginal microflora: determination of the norm

Vaginal dysbiosis is a violation of the normal ratio of beneficial and pathogenic microorganisms inhabiting the vaginal microflora. The pathology is often accompanied by a violation of the acidity of the vaginal environment, which contributes to the appearance discomfort during intimacy and creates favorable conditions for the reproduction of microbes, bacteria and fungi.

Bacterial dysbiosis has characteristic symptoms which every woman should know in order to take it on time necessary measures and prevent complications. Some infections that can develop in female body in case of violation vaginal microflora, can negatively affect health and cause a number of dangerous gynecological diseases. Sexually transmitted infections are especially dangerous during pregnancy, as they can cause infection of the baby during childbirth, as well as birth defects and defects during intrauterine development.

An imbalance of microorganisms in the vaginal microflora always has certain signs and symptoms. Asymptomatic dysbiosis is possible, but only in in rare cases when a woman has no problems with the activity of the immune system.

One of the main clinical manifestations dysbacteriosis in women, doctors consider an increase in volume vaginal discharge during the period between menstruation. This situation may be normal in the middle of the cycle, when a woman ovulates. The amount of mucus increases during this period, the consistency of the discharge also changes: it becomes thicker and more viscous. On the 4-5th day after the release of a mature egg from the ovary, the discharge usually returns to normal, but there are a number of symptoms that should alert a woman and become a reason to contact a supervising gynecologist.

1. Color. Normal discharge have no color and look like clear white mucus. If pathogenic flora actively develops in the vaginal environment, their color will change to yellow, green, brown or white.
2. Consistency. Normal discharge can be compared to egg white– they have the same consistency and viscosity (sometimes the discharge may be more liquid, but if not pathological signs infectious diseases, this is also considered a variant of the norm). With bacterial infections, the discharge becomes thick and resembles fatty sour cream with a yellow or swamp tint. With thrush, plaque on the walls of the vagina and external genitalia looks like curdled cottage cheese.
3. Smell. If the discharge has Strong smell fish or rotting products, you must immediately consult a doctor.

The symptoms of dysbiosis depend on what type of microorganism began to grow in the vaginal environment. Pathogenic flora may be bacterial or fungal nature- in each case there will be certain clinical symptoms and signs.

Note! Previously dysbacteriosis vagina was not considered a disease, and therapy consisted mainly of using methods alternative medicine. Now dysbiosis is included in International classification diseases (ICD-10) as " inflammatory diseases vulva and vagina (including unspecified inflammatory processes).

Vaginal itching

Itching and burning are observed in 100% of cases of vaginal dysbiosis. Skin manifestations can have different localization and intensity. Sometimes severe itching in a woman appears only in the perineal area and affects the external genitalia. Opposite clinical picture– when a burning sensation occurs in the vaginal tract and intensifies after urination, intimacy and other provoking factors. In half of the cases, the pathology takes a combined form, when pathological manifestations occur in both the perineum and the vagina. If the number of pathogenic microorganisms grows rapidly, itching may also appear in the anorectal area: around the anus and in the rectum.

How does intimate life change with dysbacteriosis?

If there is a decrease in the number of bifidobacteria and lactobacilli in the vaginal environment, one of the symptoms may be dryness of the vaginal walls. Women whose sex life is irregular may not notice this symptom, the only manifestation of which is on initial stage pathology there will be moderate discomfort and itching. But if sexual relations occur periodically, a woman may note that sexual intercourse has become more painful, and the sensations of intimacy have changed their physical and emotional coloring.

Pain and discomfort during sexual intercourse appears at three stages:

• insertion of the penis into the vagina (the most painful process with severe dysbacteriosis);
• increased activity of the partner (stronger and rougher movements);
• the period after the end of intimacy (first 1-2 hours).

In some cases, pain may be localized not only in the vagina. Nagging pain may be felt in the lower abdomen, left or right side small pelvis. Bacterial dysbiosis can occur against the background inflammatory diseases uterus, ovaries or Bladder, so when pain syndrome any localization and intensity, it is necessary to check the functioning of organs genitourinary system and take a urine and blood test.

Note! Discomfort and pain during sex are caused by insufficient production of vaginal lubrication or its complete absence. In most cases, women with impaired microflora do not experience pleasure from intimacy and cannot achieve orgasm. Such violations should also be a reason to contact a specialist, especially if previously similar symptoms didn't show up.

Who is at risk?

Vaginal dysbiosis can develop at any age. The pathology is often diagnosed in teenage girls during puberty. There may be several reasons for this:

• increased synthesis of sex hormones and associated hormonal imbalance;
• weak immunity, the causes of which may be frequent respiratory infections, poor nutrition, adherence to rest and mental and physical labor;
• poor personal hygiene of the intimate area;
• hypothermia.

Parents of girls should know that up to 17-18 years of age vaginal dysbiosis this age group In patients, it can only manifest as intense itching in the groin and anorectal area. Pathological discharge and other signs of disturbed microflora may be absent, so you need to carefully monitor the child’s condition and notice any manifestations of discomfort. It is very important to establish a warm and trusting relationship with the child, so that if such problems arise, the girl does not hesitate to tell her mother about them.

In adult women the reasons bacterial dysbiosis so many. Most provoking factors are associated with negative impact on immune system, which weakens and cannot restrain the growth of pathogenic flora.

These factors include:

• bad habits;
• unbalanced diet with insufficient intake of proteins, carbohydrates, fiber and lipids (or an imbalance in their balance);
• work in conditions of constant pollution (in industrial warehouses, factories, production facilities);
• state of chronic stress;
• reception hormonal drugs(for example, oral contraceptives);
• frequent change of sexual partners (subject to intimate contacts without a condom).

Negatively affects the state of the microflora of the vagina and intestines long-term use antibacterial drugs. The likelihood of pathology increases if a woman has undergone long-term treatment with drugs from the group of macrolides and cephalosporins. It is these groups of antibiotics that have the maximum list side effects(compared to drugs penicillin series) and have the most aggressive effect on the microflora of the female body.

Experts identify several categories of women who are at risk for the development of bacterial dysbiosis. These include women:

• over 50 years old;
• in a state of menopause;
• pregnant women;
• suffering from diseases endocrine system(diabetes mellitus, work disorders thyroid gland, pituitary gland, adrenal cortex);
• With overweight bodies.

All of the above categories of patients are recommended to be given Special attention prevention of dysbiosis: eat a balanced diet, include a lot of seasonal berries and fruits, herbs in the menu, increase the level physical activity, refuse bad habits, walk more often, conduct hardening activities. If necessary, medications can be used preventive methods(1-2 times a year after consultation with a gynecologist).

How to treat?

Treatment of bacterial dysbiosis includes compliance with special diet With complete refusal from products containing chemical additives, as well as sugar, seasonings, smoked and pickled foods. It is also recommended to avoid coffee and carbonated drinks until the acute process is stopped.

Particular attention should be paid to intimate hygiene. Bed linen and underwear should be made of natural cotton or linen fabrics. Underwear should be changed every day after hygienic washing. Change bedding should be carried out every 3-4 days. If the fabric from which the duvet covers and pillowcases are made allows it (for example, bleached calico with a density of 140 g/m), it is better to wash the bed linen at high temperatures– from 90° to 100°.

You can wash yourself with decoctions during the treatment period. medicinal herbs, which have anti-inflammatory, antiseptic and bactericidal properties. These are calendula, sage, St. John's wort, chamomile. At severe inflammation For the skin of the genital organs, you can prepare a decoction of oak bark - this is a powerful antibacterial agent that is not inferior in effectiveness to some medications. To prepare the decoction, pour 2 tablespoons of bark into 500 ml of boiling water and simmer over low heat for 15 minutes.

Drug treatment

To eliminate the symptoms of bacterial dysbiosis and destroy pathogenic flora doctors may prescribe medications containing beneficial microorganisms or antibiotics local action(depending on available indications). Most often, women leading sex life, doctors prescribe drugs in the form vaginal suppositories, For example:

• "Acilact";
• "Terzhinan";
• "Pimafucin";
• "Bifidumbacterin";
• "Ginolact";
• "Flagyl".

Vaginal suppositories should be used 1-2 times a day for 5-10 days (exact information is contained in the instructions for the specific drug). Before inserting a suppository or vaginal tablet, you must wash and dry the skin of the perineum. After this, you need to lie on your back and bend your knees. Using your finger (or a special applicator, if included), insert the suppository to the maximum depth. After administration, the suppository will begin to melt, so you need to turn over on your stomach and lie there for 15-20 minutes to prevent the medicine from leaking out.

In case of complicated pathology, a woman may be prescribed medications systemic action in the form of capsules and tablets for internal use. The most commonly used drugs in combination therapy are:

• "Trichopolus";
• "Metronidazole";
• "Metrogil";
• "Flagyl";
• "Clindamycin";
• "Dalacin."

Additionally, you can take orally medications containing bifidobacteria, probiotics, prebiotics and lactic bacteria: “Normobakt”, “Bifidumbacterin”, “Yogulakt”, “Linex”, “Bifiform”.

Important! Simultaneous use vaginal suppositories containing beneficial bacteria, and products for internal use based on prebiotics and probiotics are not allowed.

Vaginal dysbiosis cannot be called dangerous disease. Nevertheless, this pathology is extremely unpleasant. Painful symptoms and discomfort interfere with the quality of daily and intimate life women. Violation of the ratio of beneficial and pathogenic microorganisms increases the risk of developing infectious diseases of the vulva, vagina, bladder, appendages, and uterus. For this reason, it is important to apply for medical assistance in the early stages of pathology. Women at risk are advised to pay special attention to hygiene and nutrition and undergo annual drug prevention bacterial dysbiosis, selected by a local gynecologist.

Video - Vaginal dysbiosis

Changes in the quantitative and qualitative composition of microorganisms populating the vagina are a consequence of infectious and inflammatory diseases. To exclude them in the future, the vaginal microflora is restored. Let's consider the algorithm of the therapeutic process and its features.

Violation of vaginal microflora - causes

There are many factors contributing to the development of this situation. In order to accurately determine what exactly is in in this case became the cause, prescribe:

• collection of smears;
• blood test for hormones;
• examination in a gynecological chair;
• anamnesis collection.

Among the main reasons for the development of the disorder:

• hypothermia, which provokes a decrease in local immunity;
• dysfunction hormonal system- cycle failure (lengthening or shortening of menstruation, volume of discharge), pregnancy, puberty, menopause, postpartum period;
• change of conditions environment- travel and moving often provoke dysbiosis;
• sexual infections - gonorrhea, trichomoniasis, syphilis, etc.;
• infectious and inflammatory processes of the reproductive system;
• intestinal diseases, dysbacteriosis;
• long-term use antibacterial agents;
• violation of intimate hygiene rules.

Taking antibacterial agents always affects the composition of the flora of the reproductive system. In order to determine how to restore the vaginal microflora after antibiotics, you first need to consult a gynecologist. The doctor analyzes the available information, the type of antibiotic, the duration of its use and dosage. Based on such information, medications are prescribed that are administered orally and topically. The duration of the recovery course is up to 2-4 months.

Preparations for restoring vaginal microflora

When faced with a problem, a girl should not accept independent decisions, think about how to restore the vaginal microflora, what to take. Medicines should be prescribed exclusively by a doctor. Doctors take into account the state of the flora, the causes that led to the disorder, and the severity of symptoms. Based on this information, it is selected medicinal product, the dosage, duration and frequency of use are set.

Suppositories for restoring vaginal microflora

Vaginal suppositories are the most common form of medication for this phenomenon. This is due to a pronounced local effect, the speed of onset therapeutic action, ease of use. Doctors often prescribe the following suppositories that restore vaginal microflora:

1. A common drug. Depending on the severity of the disorder, 1-2 suppositories are used for 10 days, in the morning.
2. It contains optimal quantity beneficial bacteria. Take a course of 10 days, 1 suppository daily, at night.
3. Kipferon. Used in short courses, repeated 2-3 times. The duration of one is 10 candles, 1 per day. After a week's break, repeat again.

Diversity similar drugs great, everyone is good in their own way. The gynecologist’s task is to accurately determine the cause of dysbiosis and prescribe the appropriate one. The following may also be used for treatment:

• Gynoflor;
• Acylact;
• Lactocide.

Tablets for restoring vaginal microflora

This form of medicine is often used to treat dysbiosis. When restoring the vaginal microflora, doctors prescribe:

1. Laktogin. The medicine normalizes the flora, restoring the balance between beneficial and opportunistic microorganisms. Use 1 tablet, administered at night. The duration is indicated by the gynecologist.
2. VaginormS. In a short period of time, it brings the pH back to normal, creates conditions for the proliferation of lactobacilli, forming the right flora. Depending on the severity of the stage of the disorder, use 1-2 vaginal tablets for 7-10 days.
3. Ecofemin. By stabilizing the flora, it increases the concentration of lactobacilli and has a detrimental effect on pathogenic microorganisms, preventing their reproduction and development. 1 tablet is administered at night. The length of the course is set individually.

Capsules are often prescribed to restore the vaginal microflora, including:

1. Lactozhinal. Used to restore the environment after long-term antibiotic therapy, during preparation for gynecological operations, before childbirth. The course lasts 1 week, 1 capsule daily at night.
2. Lactonorm. It is prescribed both for diseases accompanied by changes in the state of the environment - vaginitis, vulvitis, and for the purpose of prevention before surgical intervention on reproductive system. Use in a course of 10 days, 1 per day.

Gel for restoring vaginal microflora

Often, in case of dysbiosis, Salvagin is used - a medicine to restore the vaginal microflora. It has pronounced antiseptic and antibacterial properties. Restores acidity, stabilizes the composition of microorganisms in vaginosis of various origins. Its action slows down the growth of harmful microorganisms: chlamydia, fungi, Trichomonas, Gerdnerella, ureaplasma.

Floragin Gel is another drug used to restore the environment. Renders:

• moisturizing effect;
• reduces symptoms of vaginosis;
• normalizes pH;
• eliminates secretions, eliminates unpleasant odor.

Restoring vaginal microflora with folk remedies

You should consult your doctor before using products traditional medicine. Baking soda is often used to restore vaginal microflora and is included in various recipes. For example: add 1 tablespoon of baking soda to 1 liter of boiled, cooled water, then add 50 drops of iodine. The solution is poured into the bath. The procedures are taken daily for 10 days.

The healing properties of honey are often used to restore vaginal microflora. Mix kefir and honey in equal proportions. The resulting ointment is applied to sterile gauze swabs and administered before bedtime. Course - 10 days. The effect is observed quickly: the amount of pathogenic secretions decreases and disappears. associated symptoms in the form of burning, itching, redness.

Restoration of vaginal microflora during pregnancy

During pregnancy, if dysbiosis occurs, probiotics are prescribed to restore the vaginal microflora:

1. Vagisan. Contains lactobacilli. Prescribe 1-2 capsules per day, take 2-4 weeks. Prescribed in complex therapy.
2. Lactonorm. The drug regulates, maintains and restores normal flora. Prescribe 2 vaginal capsules per day. It takes 7 days to completely return the environment to normal.
3. Vagilak. The drug is taken orally, 1 capsule 2 times a day with meals, washed down with water. Course duration is 2-4 weeks.

Vaginal microflora is a collection of microorganisms that inhabit its mucous membrane. It is not stable, the balance depends on the woman’s well-being, hormonal fluctuations, sexual activity and other factors.

The restoration of vaginal microflora is usually discussed in the treatment of bacterial vaginosis, dysbiosis, thrush and vulvovaginitis.

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1. Normal vaginal microflora

Throughout life, changes occur in the epithelium of a woman’s vagina that affect the composition of the natural flora. Three main groups of bacteria can be found on the mucous membrane:

1. 1 Oligate.
2. 2 Transitory.
3. 3 Optional.

1.1. Obligate bacteria

IN normal conditions they do not cause any disease and help protect the vagina from pathogenic microbes. These are lactobacilli, bifidobacteria, Leptotrichia, Atopobium, Megasphaera.

Doderlein sticks - uh This is a whole family of lactobacilli, among which the most common are L. acidophilus, L. brevis, L. plantarum, L. casei, L. cellobiosus, L. crispatus, L. jensenii and L. fermentum.

What they have in common is that they produce lactic acid from the glycogen of epithelial cells, which maintains an acidic reaction vaginal secretion, and many of them also produce hydrogen peroxide, which suppresses the proliferation of pathogens.

In this case, the following pattern was noticed: when normal microflora about 60% of such rods produce hydrogen peroxide, in the case of a borderline state - less than 40%, and in the case of a pronounced dysbacteriosis – only about 5%.

Lactobacilli are found in 98-100% of smears with normal microflora.

1.2. Transient bacteria

This is the flora that enters the vagina from the outside, for example, when douching, inserting tampons, using sex toys, or during unprotected intercourse.

These microorganisms can be either harmless or pathogenic. Normally, they should make up no more than 3-5% of the vaginal microflora.

These include more than 20 species, among which the most common are G. vaginalis, Mobiluncus vibrios, and Candida yeast-like fungi.

Their number increases with other infectious diseases, .

Yeast-like fungi can also occur normally. They talk about it in cases where it constitutes only a small part of the total number of microorganisms.

If the vaginal flora corresponds to the norm, but there is a proliferation of yeast-like fungi (>10 to the fourth power), then they speak of a conditionally normal variant and make a decision on treatment.

1.3. Facultative bacteria

They are usually present in small quantities. But if the balance is upset, when the acidity of the vagina shifts to a neutral or alkaline environment, they actively multiply and become and.

These are peptostreptococci, enterococci, corynobacteria, mycoplasma, vailornella, etc. Their number normally should not exceed 5-8%.

1.4. How does flora change throughout life?

As a rule, in the first hours after birth, the vagina in girls is sterile, but already in the first days lactobacilli, bifidobacteria and corynobacteria, as well as other bacteria inhabiting the intestines, including.

There is a lot of maternal estrogens in the blood of a newborn, so vaginal cells create an acidic environment, accumulate glycogen and then break it down into lactate. The composition of the flora is close to that of healthy adult women.

After 21 days, maternal hormones are eliminated, which leads to changes in both the vaginal epithelium (it becomes thinner and the vaginal environment becomes neutral) and the microflora: cocci predominate, and the number of lactobacilli decreases.

At 9-12 years of age specific gravity lactic acid streptococci and acidophilus bacteria increases. After the onset of menstruation, lactobacilli again become the dominant microorganisms.

IN menopause the level of estrogen in the body decreases again, which affects the state of the vaginal microflora: it decreases total lacto- and bifidobacteria, and the environment becomes neutral.

During pregnancy, as a result of hormonal changes in the body, the vaginal epithelium grows and the acidity of the secretion increases.

An acidic environment promotes the growth of normal flora and suppresses the growth of pathogenic flora. During this period, the number of lactobacilli increases 10 times, and the level of cervical colonization decreases.

In the vagina of a healthy woman, using modern molecular genetic methods, about 300 species of microorganisms are detected, and in practical medicine Only a few dozen are used to diagnose dysbiosis.

However, most important factor successful therapy– combination of medications and compliance with recommendations.

As a rule, suppositories are used for candidiasis, vaginal tablets containing fungicidal agents such as miconazole, clotrimazole, butoconazole, econazole, as well as combined agents– Terzhinan, Polizhinaks, Macmiror and others.

7. Lifestyle

In order for the treatment of thrush or vaginal dysbiosis to be effective, you should definitely follow the recommendations to strengthen the immune system and prevent hormonal imbalance.

1. 1 Eat a balanced diet, get enough vitamins and proteins. Refuse aggressive diets (protein, Kremlin, and so on).
2. 2 Avoid increased psycho-emotional overload, nervous exhaustion, use restorative and relaxation techniques.
3. 3 Get enough sleep every day.
4. 4 Maintain genital hygiene, wear clean underwear, wash yourself properly, and avoid douching at home without a doctor’s prescription.
5. 5 When using tampons and diaphragms, be sure to keep them clean.
6. 6 Refuse unprotected sex and promiscuity.
7. 7 Get rid of bad habits: smoking, drinking alcohol.
8. 8 News active image life, with daily physical exercise and gymnastics.
9. 9 Treat in a timely manner accompanying illnesses, including gynecological.

It is not possible to restore health or restore balance after thrush and taking antibiotics with folk remedies.

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The microflora in a woman’s vaginal area is a very important ecosystem. It is designed to protect the reproductive organs from infectious, inflammatory, and fungal diseases. In order for it to perform its function, it must be in the correct balance, in which all microorganisms (even conditionally pathogenic ones) perform only positive functions. However, for some reasons this balance is disturbed, which can lead to certain problems. Therefore, it is urgent to take measures aimed at improvement of microflora and its restoration.

Why do you need to restore microflora?

The vaginal microflora is represented by a collection of microorganisms, some of which are beneficial, and the other part are conditionally pathogenic. The latter, under appropriate conditions, begin to multiply excessively, as a result of which there are too many of them, they suppress the activity of beneficial microorganisms. As a result, the balance of microflora is disrupted.

Normally, the vaginal environment contains approximately 95% lactobacilli. These microorganisms produce lactic acid, which maintains an acidic environment in the vaginal area. This protects the woman’s reproductive organs from possible infection. The remaining 5% of bacteria are rods, cocci, and enterobacteria.

With dysbacteriosis, the number of lactobacilli decreases, so the acidity of the vagina decreases, and the environment becomes alkaline. As a result:

• is decreasing local immunity;
• the vagina becomes susceptible to various diseases;
• possible irritation of the labia.

Moreover, with untimely treatment some pathological processes The woman may develop infertility. To prevent all these consequences, it is urgent to restore the vaginal microflora.

Phased restoration of microflora

How to restore flora in the vaginal area? This process is quite lengthy and does not take place in a couple of days. It usually requires several steps.

Elimination of pathogenic microflora

To improve the microflora in the uterus, it is first necessary to get rid of pathogenic microorganisms. In particular, if dysbiosis is caused by sexually transmitted infections, the pathology must be urgently treated, otherwise there is a risk of very serious complications. Therapy consists of taking antibiotic drugs. At the same time, a number of therapeutic measures are additionally carried out.

If vaginal dysbiosis is not caused by a sexually transmitted disease, it is not necessary to take antibiotics. After all, such drugs cause problems intestinal microflora. Usually in therapeutic purposes A short course is used - no more than 3 days. In addition, it is possible to use local antibiotics and antiseptics. Due to this suppression pathogenic microflora happens much faster and more efficiently. Usually the following drugs are used for this purpose: antibiotics - Trichopolum, Sumamed, antiseptics - Miramistin and other drugs.

Miramistin

Restoration of vaginal flora

It is imperative that after removing pathogenic microorganisms, it is necessary to restore the number of lactobacilli. For this purpose, favorable conditions are created in the area of ​​the reproductive organs that are necessary for the engraftment and normal functioning of beneficial flora. In order to restore the flora, eubiotics containing living bacteria are used. There are drugs of general and local action.

Before the flora is restored, it is necessary to kill pathogenic bacteria. Otherwise, the use of eubiotics alone will be completely useless.

Maintaining healthy vaginal microflora

To consolidate the results of treatment and maintain healthy vaginal microflora, it is necessary to restore local immunity. For this purpose, local immunostimulants - Cycloferon and other drugs - are usually used. In addition, it is advisable to take probiotics containing lactobacilli - Linex, Lactobacterin and others.

To maintain healthy vaginal microflora, it is necessary to adjust your diet. Must be included in the diet dairy products: sour cream, kefir, fat cottage cheese, different kinds cheeses

If the case is very advanced, it may take about 3 weeks to restore local immunity using the drugs described above. After completing the therapeutic course, you should definitely undergo a final examination by a gynecologist. The doctor may also prescribe a test control analysis to confirm complete cure.

To maintain the balance of flora, vaginal suppositories containing lactic bacteria are prescribed. During pregnancy, it is imperative to monitor your condition reproductive organs. Vaginal dysbiosis can provoke premature birth, and also cause some infectious diseases in the child.

Drugs for therapy

How to improve the microflora in the reproductive organs? If any symptoms of dysbiosis appear, you must immediately undergo examination by a doctor. Self-medication is prohibited, and only the treating gynecologist can prescribe any medications. Medicines against dysbiosis are divided into several main groups.

Antibacterial agents

To restore vaginal microflora, complex therapy is required. Moreover, the medications must be quite effective and correspond to the degree of the disease. The duration of therapy depends on the severity of dysbiosis, but should not exceed 7 days. The drugs can be used topically (in the form of suppositories, tablets, vaginal ointments) or in general form (in the form of capsules and tablets). The following medications may be prescribed to treat dysbiosis:

1. Clindamycin. This is a drug that destroys a large number of varieties of microorganisms. The medicine is available in capsule form. The permissible dosage is no more than 4 capsules per day.
2. Terzhinan is a local antibiotic produced in the form of tablets for the vagina. Use once a day before bedtime. Before administration, the tablet should be moistened in warm water so that it becomes slippery and does not injure the vaginal mucosa. After this, do not stand up for at least 15 minutes until the tablet is completely dissolved. The medicine can be used even during menstruation, but with caution.
3. Trichopolum. Use 2 times a day, 1 tablet. The course of treatment is 5-7 days. The drug is very effective and quickly eliminates the infection. Very effective for venereal diseases. However, Trichopolum often leads to side effects, in particular, causing dyspeptic disorders.

Only the attending physician can prescribe any antibiotic. Moreover, to treat dysbiosis, it is necessary to combine their use with other drugs in order to achieve a good effect.

Tampons and baths to restore vaginal microflora

To improve microflora in the vaginal area and uterus swabs soaked in special compositions which you can prepare yourself at home. For dysbacteriosis, the following recipes are used:

• Propolis (2 tbsp) melted with 200 g butter in a water bath until a homogeneous consistency is formed. The resulting product is well moistened with a tampon and inserted into the vagina for several hours. Usually, 3-4 procedures are enough to treat dysbiosis, but more advanced cases require long-term treatment– up to 10 days.
• Wet the tampon in natural sea ​​buckthorn oil. Before its introduction, it is necessary to douche the vagina to clear it of mucus. Typically, a tampon is inserted at night, and the vagina is washed with warm water in the morning.
• Take 1 tsp. honey and castor oil, 2 tsp. aloe juice and mix all ingredients well. Thoroughly soak the tampon with the resulting mixture and place it in the vagina overnight. In the morning, take it out and wash the vagina with warm water.

Vaginal baths are also effective. Washing can be done boiled water or tincture of chamomile, linden, nettle, lavender and other medicinal herbs.

Vaginal tablets and suppositories

Vaginal tablets and candles for restoration of vaginal microflora. They are considered the most effective because they have a local effect. Typically, the following drugs are used during therapy:

Neo-Penotran

1. Neo-Penotran. These are candles that have antibacterial effect. 1 suppository is inserted into the vagina before bedtime for 14 days. At the discretion of the attending physician, the dosage and duration of treatment may be changed.
2. Flagyl. These are suppositories that are usually combined with metronidazole treatment. They are inserted into the vagina before bed for a week. Long-term therapy can lead to overdose.
3. Gynolact. It comes in tablets and capsules that contain lactobacilli. After their use, the proliferation of pathogenic microorganisms is inhibited and local immunity is restored. The duration of treatment is no more than 6 days.
4. Acylact. These are tablets that contain live lactic bacteria. Administered intravaginally, 1 tablet per day for 5-10 days.

Thus, vaginal dysbiosis is given successful treatment. However, any medications must be prescribed by your doctor. Self-medication can lead to very serious complications, up to infertility.

Candidiasis can ruin anyone's life. Itching, burning, white discharge - all this is only a small part of the clinical manifestations of this disease. On modern market There are a large number of various drugs that can eliminate the disease. But not everyone knows that in addition to treating the disease, therapy that restores the microflora after thrush is also necessary.

Normal vaginal microflora, what is it like?

A healthy woman's vagina is not sterile. A large number of different microorganisms can be found in it. Their totality is called microflora. Vaginal bacteria have to constantly fight to survive on the walls of the vaginal mucosa. The most popular and larger in number of “brothers” are considered to be bifidobacteria and lactobacilli. They are found in the vaginal epithelium. They are the ones who produce substances that create an acidic environment in the secreted secretions. In addition, the enzyme lysozyme secreted by them inhibits the development of other types of bacteria. The following types of microorganisms are normally found in the vaginal microflora:

• lactobacilli;
• bifidobacteria;
• clostridia;
• propionibacteria;
• staphylococci;
• streptococci;
• enterobacteria;
• mycoplasma;
• ureaplasma;
• candida and others.

This is only a small part of the microorganisms found in the vagina.

As soon as immunity decreases and the necessary favorable conditions for the pathological growth of bacteria are created, certain diseases develop. Including thrush. In addition, treatment for candidiasis can harm and disrupt the pH of the vagina. To restore normal condition environment, it is necessary to undergo a certain course of therapy.

Causes of flora disturbance after candidiasis

The presence of rapidly reproducing fungi of the genus Candida leads to the fact that the flora is not able to cope with its protective functions:

• maintaining an acidic environment;
• inhibiting the penetration of foreign bacteria;
• inhibition of growth and development of pathogenic flora;
• enhances protein synthesis.

Viruses can freely penetrate and multiply, displacing beneficial microorganisms. After this disease, the vaginal flora is a long period keeps away painful bacteria that interfere normal functioning genitourinary system.

As a result of all these processes, an unpleasant smell of discharge appears, and its quantity increases. Symptoms of thrush, mycoplasmosis, ureaplasmosis, and dysbacteriosis may develop.

Why is it necessary to restore microflora after an illness? This process is necessary to complete the prescribed course of treatment for the disease and to consolidate the results obtained. In addition, restoring the flora will avoid relapses of diseases.

Preparations for restoring the natural vaginal environment

Most often, treatment is prescribed comprehensively and consists of general and local therapy. The main principle is to replenish the amount of lacto- and bifidobacteria in the vagina. Suppositories, ointments and topical creams can cope with this in the best possible way.

How candles work

Suppositories are prescribed only by a gynecologist after making an accurate diagnosis. Appointed complex treatment, which includes antibiotics that destroy fungus, suppositories, and antifungal drugs. Main advantage local drugs counts:

• their direct impact on the area of ​​pathological growth of candida;
• ease of use;
• quick effect;
• minimal number of side effects;
• allowed during pregnancy and lactation.

Before prescribing restorative suppositories, the doctor must find out the state of the vaginal flora. To do this, a smear is taken and sent for laboratory testing. Only after this are prescribed products containing the required amount of lacto- and bifidobacteria.

Mechanism of action of suppositories:

1. After intravaginal administration of the drug, it begins to slowly melt under the influence of body temperature.
2. As a result of this process, active active ingredients medicine fall on the affected areas.
3. Since the vaginal mucosa contains many blood vessels and capillaries, the drug quickly passes through hemolytic barter and spreads throughout the body. This destroys fungal spores.
4. When the medicine is administered, the maximum restorative effect is achieved.

Suppositories for restoring microflora after treatment of thrush:

Prevention after thrush

Preventive measures are aimed at preventing the development of dysbiosis. To do this, you can use the above suppositories, but only after consultation with a gynecologist.

Preventive methods:

• observe intimate hygiene. A golden mean is needed here, as it should not be done often. This dries out the mucous membrane of the vulva, and the use of soap and hygiene products can lead to irritation;
• frequent changes of panty liners, especially during the period;
• wearing comfortable underwear. Here preference should be given to natural materials and fabrics;
• balanced diet. A minimum of sweets, flour, fatty foods and products containing yeast. All of these are excellent food for candida;
• promptly identify and treat chronic diseases, STD;
• use proven contraception;
• If candidiasis is detected, follow all doctor’s instructions;
• take vitamins in the spring and autumn periods;
• increase the body's resistance.

The most effective and fastest means for restoring microflora after treatment of the disease are suppositories. They are prescribed by competent doctors as soon as the course of treatment for thrush ends.